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Background: The prevalence of Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) among pregnant women in West Papua remains very high, reaching 40.7%. The provision of manufactured supplementary food (PMT) in the form of biscuits often faces challenges due to low compliance caused by monotonous taste and nausea-triggering flavors. Sweet potato (Petatas) is a potential local food source with an energy content of 123 kcal/100g that could serve as an alternative PMT. Objective: To analyze the acceptability (taste, color, aroma, and texture) of sweet potato-based PMT products among pregnant women with CED. Methods: A quantitative study with a cross-sectional design was conducted from September to October 2025 at the Ransiki Health Center. The sample consisted of 22 pregnant women with CED. The research instrument used a 5-point hedonic scale questionnaire. Results: Respondent characteristics were dominated by the ideal age range of 20-35 years (81.8%) and low family income (63.6%). The acceptability test results showed high overall acceptance with an average score of 4.23 (Highly Liked). The color attribute obtained the highest score (4.27), followed by taste (4.18), texture (4.18), and aroma (4.14). Conclusion: Sweet potato-based PMT products have excellent acceptability and significant potential to be integrated into local nutritional intervention programs for pregnant women with CED.

The extruder-type floating pellet machine is a form of appropriate technology that works by using a screw system to push the raw material while applying pressure to form dense pellets. The main source of raw material for making these pellets comes from trash fish, which are small fish caught by fishermen that are unfit for consumption and have low economic value. Trash fish are relatively cheap because they are classified as non-economical, but they have great potential for use as fish feed. Their distinctive strong aroma can stimulate fish appetite, while their relatively high protein content makes them an ideal source of nutrition. Before use, the trash fish are first dried and then ground using a flour machine to achieve a fine texture. The floured material is then mixed and the moisture content is adjusted to around 42%, so that the extrusion process can run optimally when using the extruder-type pellet machine. The material formulation consists of 70% trash fish meal, 15% corn meal, and 15% wheat flour. The resulting pellets are then tested in a feed laboratory and show protein levels ranging from 30-40%, depending on the quality of the trash fish raw material used. This community service activity involves fish farmer groups in the Beji area, East Ungaran District, which is expected to increase fish farmer insight on how to make floating pellets using an extruder type pellet printing machine.

Malnutrition and stunting among children under five remain major public health challenges in developing countries, including Indonesia. These conditions are associated with increased morbidity, mortality, impaired cognitive development, and reduced productivity in adulthood. Stunting reflects chronic nutritional deficiencies, while severe malnutrition indicates acute or prolonged inadequate nutrient intake, often exacerbated by infections, poor caregiving practices, and unfavorable socioeconomic conditions. This case report aims to describe the clinical condition, contributing factors, management, and outcomes of a 14-month-old female toddler diagnosed with severe malnutrition and stunting without complications in Blang Dalam Geuteung Village, Nisam Subdistrict, North Aceh Regency. The assessment was conducted using a family medicine approach, incorporating detailed history taking, physical examination, anthropometric measurements, and nutritional status evaluation based on World Health Organization Z-score indicators. Interventions included nutritional rehabilitation through appropriate dietary intake, family education on balanced nutrition and proper feeding practices, routine growth monitoring, and optimization of primary healthcare services. The results showed gradual improvement in the child’s nutritional status, evidenced by weight gain, better appetite, and improved feeding patterns following the intervention. This case highlights the importance of early detection, comprehensive family-centered management, and continuous monitoring in addressing malnutrition and stunting at the primary care level. Strengthening community-based interventions, improving caregiver knowledge, and enhancing collaboration between healthcare providers and families are essential to reduce the burden of malnutrition and support optimal child growth and development.

The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has had a significant impact on public health behavior, including the increasing consumption of health supplements as an effort to strengthen immunity. This study aims to describe the level of knowledge of the people of Gedongan Village RT 01 RW 05 regarding the use of health supplements during the pandemic. Health supplements are defined as products that contain vitamins, minerals, amino acids, and herbal ingredients to support the immune system. The study used a descriptive approach with a survey method, involving 106 respondents who were selected purposively. Primary data was obtained through a structured questionnaire that had been validated, then analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the majority of respondents had a level of knowledge in the sufficient category (54%), followed by the poor category (25%) and the good category (21%). Respondents understood the benefits of supplements as a nutritional supplement, but knowledge related to rules of use, appropriate dosage, and potential side effects was limited. Demographic factors such as age, education, and type of work have an effect on knowledge levels, where respondents of productive age, secondary education, and work with cognitive demands show better understanding. The study concludes the need for continuous health education through health workers, especially pharmacists, with an approach according to demographic characteristics to encourage the use of supplements in a rational, safe, and appropriate manner.

Japanese kale (Brassica oleracea) is a leafy vegetable with high nutritional and economic value and strong potential for development through intensive cultivation systems, including polybag-based cultivation. Fertilization is an important factor determining plant growth success. This study aimed to analyze differences in the effects of cattle-manure compost fertilizer and NPK Mutiara fertilizer on the vegetative growth of Japanese kale, as well as to evaluate their roles in maintaining growing media fertility. The research employed a quantitative experimental approach using a single-factor Completely Randomized Design (CRD), namely fertilizer type. Treatments consisted of cattle-manure compost fertilizer and NPK Mutiara fertilizer, each with twelve replications, resulting in twenty-four experimental units. Observed parameters included plant height, leaf width, and growing media pH. The results showed that NPK Mutiara fertilizer produced better plant height and leaf width than compost fertilizer, particularly during the vegetative phase. This advantage was associated with the rapid availability of macronutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium for plant uptake. Meanwhile, cattle-manure compost fertilizer contributed to stabilizing growing media pH and improving soil physical and biological conditions. pH values in both treatments remained within the optimal range and did not limit plant growth. Therefore, NPK Mutiara fertilizer is more effective for short-term vegetative growth enhancement, whereas compost fertilizer supports sustainable growing media fertility.

Adolescent reproductive health is an important aspect that requires special attention, especially regarding the problem of dysmenorrhea or menstrual pain. Dysmenorrhea is often considered normal, even though it can reduce the quality of life and disrupt the learning activities of young women. One factor that influences dysmenorrhea is nutritional status and diet. This community service activity aims to increase the knowledge of young women about preventing dysmenorrhea through health promotion using posters with an anti-inflammatory diet approach based on "Healing Through Nutrition". The activity was carried out at the UPT SMA 9 Bulukumba on May 6, 2025, targeting 20 young women. The activity method included the planning, preparation, implementation, and evaluation stages, with a pre-test and post-test to assess the level of knowledge of participants. The results showed a significant increase in adolescent knowledge about preventing dysmenorrhea. Before the activity, 50% of respondents had poor knowledge, 40% had sufficient knowledge, and only 10% had good knowledge. After the intervention, 80% of respondents had good knowledge and 20% had sufficient knowledge, with no category of poor. These results indicate that poster media is effective in increasing adolescents' knowledge about dysmenorrhea and the importance of an anti-inflammatory diet as a non-pharmacological effort to prevent it.

Stunting remains a chronic nutritional issue affecting human resource quality in Indonesia, particularly children under five years old. High prevalence of stunting impacts long-term cognitive development, physical growth, and productivity of the young generation (Ministry of Health, 2023). This community service aims to optimize the role of public administration in disseminating policies and programs to reduce stunting through education, training, and direct community assistance. Activities were carried out through coordination with government officials, community health cadres, and local leaders, using local communication media to raise awareness about nutrition. The results indicate an increase in community knowledge on stunting, balanced nutrition practices, and active involvement of both officials and residents in stunting reduction programs. Optimizing public administration through capacity building, cross-sector coordination, and information technology utilization supports program targets. This service recommends strategies for sustainable, participatory, and data-driven program implementation.

Breast milk (ASI) is the best source of nutrition for newborns because it contains complete, safe, and stable nutrients, thus supporting optimal growth and development of infants. However, some breastfeeding mothers still do not fully understand the sufficiency of breast milk and its benefits for babies. Therefore, health education efforts are needed to improve the knowledge and understanding of breastfeeding mothers regarding breastfeeding. Health education is an educational activity aimed at inviting and encouraging the community to be willing to take actions that can maintain and improve health. This health education activity on the sufficiency of breast milk for breastfeeding mothers was held on January 24, 2026, at the Sungai Durian Community Health Center (UPTD). The method used in this activity was the delivery of material through health counseling accompanied by a measurement of the level of knowledge using pretest and posttest questionnaires. After the presentation of the material, breastfeeding mothers were asked to complete a posttest questionnaire to assess their understanding of the material that had been provided. The measurement results showed a significant difference between the pretest and posttest scores, indicating an increase in knowledge of breastfeeding mothers after being provided with health education. Thus, it can be concluded that health education activities about breast milk sufficiency are effective in increasing the understanding of breastfeeding mothers regarding the importance of providing sufficient breast milk for babies.

Health counseling is one of the strategic approaches to increase students' knowledge and awareness of the importance of maintaining holistic health which includes physical, mental, social, and reproductive aspects. This activity will be held on March 19, 2025 at Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Mitra Sejati with interactive lecture methods and educational games "Smart Cards". This study aims to determine the effectiveness of educational methods in improving students' understanding of health issues such as balanced nutrition, personal hygiene, reproductive health, and the dangers of smoking. Through pre-test and post-test analysis of 35 students, a significant increase in participants' understanding was found after participating in counseling. In addition, a fun and participatory approach has been shown to be effective in encouraging active engagement of students, including those who were previously passive. Educational games help to convey material in a more engaging and easy-to-understand way. The results of this activity show that the combination of interactive methods and visual educational media is able to strengthen students' understanding and awareness of the importance of healthy living behaviors. This program has the potential to be replicated in other educational environments to encourage the implementation of a healthy lifestyle among adolescents and students.

Stunting is a chronic nutritional problem that affects children's growth and development and remains a major public health challenge. Posyandu plays a strategic role in the prevention and early detection of stunting through community-based basic health services. This community service activity aims to optimize the role of Posyandu as a strategy for preventing and detecting stunting early in Nagreg Village, Banten. The methods used include anthropometric measurements of children aged 0–59 months and health education on nutrition for parents and Posyandu cadres. Data analysis was conducted descriptively based on age groups. The results show that out of 32 children examined, 37.5% showed indications of stunting risk. This finding suggests that the integration of growth monitoring and nutrition education at Posyandu has the potential to be an effective strategy for the prevention and early detection of stunting, as well as to support the improvement of children's health quality. This activity also enhances parents' and Posyandu cadres' understanding of the importance of monitoring nutritional status to prevent stunting more effectively.

Background: The postpartum period is a critical phase requiring optimal nutritional intake for maternal recovery and ensuring the quality of breast milk. In densely populated urban areas such as Semampir District, dietary quality is often influenced by the level of nutrition knowledge and household economic conditions. Objective: This study aims to analyze the relationship between nutrition knowledge and household food security with dietary quality among postpartum mothers in Semampir District, Surabaya. Methods: This was an observational analytical study with a cross-sectional design. A total of 340 postpartum mothers were selected using simple random sampling. Nutrition knowledge was measured through a structured questionnaire, food security was assessed using the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS), and dietary quality was measured using the 3-level Balanced Diet Index derived from 24-hour food recall data. Data were analyzed descriptively and through the Chi-Square correlation test. Results: The findings indicated that the majority of respondents possessed a good level of nutrition knowledge (average correct answers >75%), with the highest score in anemia prevention (81.2%) and the lowest in the functional role of Vitamin A (75.9%). Dietary quality assessment revealed that most respondents were in the [Select: Moderate/Poor] category based on IGS scores. Bivariate analysis showed a significant relationship (p < 0.05) between both nutrition knowledge and household food security with the dietary quality of postpartum mothers. Conclusion: Good nutrition knowledge and stable food security contribute positively to the dietary quality of postpartum mothers. Targeted nutritional education regarding micronutrients and strengthening food access at the household level are essential to optimize maternal health during the postpartum period in urban settings.

Stunting is a chronic nutritional problem that affects children's growth and development and remains a major public health challenge. Posyandu plays a strategic role in the prevention and early detection of stunting through community-based basic health services. This community service activity aims to optimize the role of Posyandu as a strategy for preventing and detecting stunting early in Nagreg Village, Banten. The methods used include anthropometric measurements of children aged 0–59 months and health education on nutrition for parents and Posyandu cadres. Data analysis was conducted descriptively based on age groups. The results show that out of 32 children examined, 37.5% showed indications of stunting risk. This finding suggests that the integration of growth monitoring and nutrition education at Posyandu has the potential to be an effective strategy for the prevention and early detection of stunting, as well as to support the improvement of children's health quality. This activity also enhances parents' and Posyandu cadres' understanding of the importance of monitoring nutritional status to prevent stunting more effectively.

Status gizi ibu dan anak merupakan indikator penting kesehatan masyarakat dan berperan besar dalam pencegahan anemia, kekurangan energi kronis (KEK), dan stunting. Rendahnya literasi gizi serta keterbatasan kemandirian ibu dalam melakukan deteksi dini status gizi masih menjadi tantangan di tingkat komunitas. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kesadaran ibu mengenai gizi seimbang serta kemampuan deteksi dini status gizi ibu dan anak melalui edukasi berbasis teknologi informasi. Metode pelaksanaan meliputi tahap persiapan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi. Persiapan dilakukan melalui observasi awal dan pengembangan media edukasi digital. Pelaksanaan dilakukan dengan penyuluhan langsung, diskusi interaktif, serta pengenalan aplikasi edukasi gizi dan deteksi dini pertumbuhan anak. Evaluasi dilakukan menggunakan pre-test dan post-test untuk menilai perubahan tingkat pengetahuan peserta. Kegiatan ini melibatkan 22 ibu sebagai peserta. Hasil menunjukkan peningkatan pengetahuan yang signifikan, ditandai dengan meningkatnya jumlah peserta pada kategori pengetahuan baik dan tidak ditemukannya lagi peserta dengan kategori pengetahuan kurang setelah intervensi. Peserta menunjukkan antusiasme dan komitmen untuk menerapkan prinsip gizi seimbang dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Edukasi gizi seimbang berbasis teknologi informasi terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan literasi gizi ibu dan berpotensi mendukung deteksi dini masalah gizi secara mandiri. Kegiatan ini direkomendasikan untuk diintegrasikan secara berkelanjutan dalam program kesehatan ibu dan anak di tingkat komunitas.

The health of pregnant and breastfeeding women is a crucial determinant of the quality of future generations, particularly during the first 1,000 days of life. However, nutritional problems, such as deficiencies in iron, protein, and essential vitamins, remain prevalent in many regions, especially in rural areas. These conditions may increase the risk of anemia, impaired fetal growth, and reduced maternal and child health outcomes. This community service program aimed to improve the nutritional status as well as the knowledge and awareness of pregnant and breastfeeding women regarding the importance of balanced nutrition in Sukorejo Village, Bojonegoro Regency. The program was implemented through the provision of free balanced nutritious meals tailored to the nutritional needs of pregnant and breastfeeding women, accompanied by health education activities, including counseling sessions and interactive discussions on healthy dietary patterns, food hygiene, and anemia prevention. Program evaluation was conducted through participatory observation and participant feedback. The results indicated an improvement in participants’ understanding of balanced nutrition and positive behavioral changes in daily food selection and consumption. This community service initiative is expected to serve as a sustainable model for improving maternal and child health and preventing nutritional problems at the village level.

This study aims to describe dietary patterns, food consumption habits, hygiene awareness, and environmental and social factors related to digestive disorders in junior high school students. This study used a descriptive approach with a closed-ended interview method (Yes/No answers) with Thirty-five  junior high school students using 15 questions. The results showed that some students did not have consistent breakfast habits, had a high tendency to consume fried foods and sugary drinks, and demonstrated low awareness of food safety and hygiene habits such as washing hands before eating. In addition, the school environment, peer influence, and psychological well-being influence students’ eating patterns. These factors contribute to digestive problems in some students. Therefore, schools must actively participate in maintaining a clean environment, providing students with healthy food options, and providing ongoing nutritional instruction on digestive health.

Stunting remains a chronic nutrition problem that requires strengthening community-based interventions, particularly through optimizing the role of posyandu cadres. This article aims to describe nutrition education and child growth monitoring for cadres as a strategy to prevent stunting at Posyandu Delima. The method employed was a participatory community empowerment approach based on health education. The activities were conducted through several stages, including needs assessment, development and delivery of nutrition education, hands-on practice in child growth monitoring, cadre mentoring, and evaluation with reflective feedback. The results showed an improvement in cadres’ knowledge and skills in interpreting growth indicators, identifying early risks of nutritional problems, and delivering structured nutrition education to caregivers of under-five children. Strengthening cadre capacity contributed to better quality of child growth monitoring and reinforced the role of posyandu as a community-based primary health service. In conclusion, integrated nutrition education and child growth monitoring are effective in supporting stunting prevention efforts and are aligned with national policies on strengthening maternal and child health services.

Stunting remains a chronic nutrition problem that requires strengthening community-based interventions, particularly through optimizing the role of posyandu cadres. This article aims to describe nutrition education and child growth monitoring for cadres as a strategy to prevent stunting at Posyandu Delima. The method employed was a participatory community empowerment approach based on health education. The activities were conducted through several stages, including needs assessment, development and delivery of nutrition education, hands-on practice in child growth monitoring, cadre mentoring, and evaluation with reflective feedback. The results showed an improvement in cadres’ knowledge and skills in interpreting growth indicators, identifying early risks of nutritional problems, and delivering structured nutrition education to caregivers of under-five children. Strengthening cadre capacity contributed to better quality of child growth monitoring and reinforced the role of posyandu as a community-based primary health service. In conclusion, integrated nutrition education and child growth monitoring are effective in supporting stunting prevention efforts and are aligned with national policies on strengthening maternal and child health services.

Stunting is a major public health problem that reflects chronic malnutrition and adversely affects children’s physical growth, cognitive development, and future productivity. The first 1,000 days of life represent a critical window during which stunting develops and determines long-term health outcomes. This study aims to review evidence on the determinants of childhood stunting and the effectiveness of prevention interventions within public health policy frameworks in Indonesia.A literature review was conducted using peer-reviewed articles, policy documents, and national reports published in the last decade. The literature was analyzed to identify key risk factors, intervention strategies, and policy impacts on stunting reduc-tion.The findings show that stunting is primarily driven by inadequate dietary intake, low socioeconomic status, limited caregiver nutrition knowledge, and poor access to health and sanitation services. National data indicate a decline in stunting prevalence in Indonesia from 24.4% in 2021 to 21.6% in 2022. Evidence consistently highlights that integrated interventions targeting the first 1,000 days of life, including maternal nutrition improvement, breastfeeding promotion, appropriate complementary feeding, and multisectoral collaboration, are effective in reducing stunting.In conclusion, reducing childhood stunting requires sustained, integrated, and policy-based interventions that prioritize early-life nutrition to improve human capital and support long-term national development.

Exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life is an important effort to improve infant health and survival. Although the benefits of exclusive breastfeeding are widely known, its practice is still not optimal in various regions due to the influence of social and cultural factors. This study aims to analyze the relationship between socio-cultural factors and the practice of exclusive breastfeeding in breastfeeding mothers. The study used a descriptive analytical design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 30 mothers with infants aged 6–12 months at the Kobe Community Health Center, selected using an accidental sampling technique. Data were collected through interviews using a structured questionnaire and analyzed univariately and bivariately using the Chi-square test and Fisher's Exact Test. The results showed that 56.7% of mothers successfully provided exclusive breastfeeding. Husband's support and family traditions had a significant relationship with the practice of exclusive breastfeeding, with p = 0.030 and p = 0.040, respectively. Mothers who received high husband's support and were in a supportive family environment had a greater chance of successfully providing exclusive breastfeeding. This study concluded that socio-cultural factors play an important role in determining the success of exclusive breastfeeding.

Background: Anxiety in postpartum mothers is a psychological problem that can negatively impact maternal mental health, marital relationships, and the lactation process. This psychological disorder can inhibit the production and let-down of breast milk, which, if not addressed promptly, can lead to physical complications such as breast engorgement or mastitis, as well as hinder the fulfillment of the infant's nutritional needs. Objective: This study aimed to determine the relationship between anxiety levels and delayed breast milk let-down in postpartum mothers at Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou General Hospital Manado. Methods: This research is an analytical survey with a cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 30 postpartum mothers selected using non-probability sampling. Research instruments included questionnaires and interviews, with data analysis using the chi-square test. Results: The majority of respondents experienced moderate anxiety (60.0%) and had non-smooth breast milk let-down (53.3%). Statistical test results showed a p-value = 0.030, indicating a significant relationship between anxiety levels and delayed breast milk let-down. Conclusion: High anxiety levels in postpartum mothers contribute to delayed breast milk let-down. Psychological support for postpartum mothers is needed to maintain the smoothness of the breastfeeding process.