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The rise in cases of violence and abuse against children in Indonesia is the background for this research. Basically, children are unable to protect their basic rights, so legal protection is needed provided by the state. The aim of this research is to determine the role of the government in providing protection for children who are victims of sexual violence, and to find out whether rehabilitation and psychological support is needed for children who are victims of violence. sexual. The method used is a normative legal method through a statutory approach and a case approach. The aim is to focus more on supporting materials specifically discussing sexual violence against children and protection for children as victims of sexual violence and harassment. As a result, the government and society have established institutions as shelter for children who are victims of sexual violence and harassment. Apart from that, this institution also provides rehabilitation and psychological support services to support the mental recovery of children who are victims of violence and sexual abuse. This case will have an impact on the child's psychological condition which can cause trauma and serious mental problems. This will have an impact on the child's future, disrupting the development process and hampering the child's potential to become a quality individual. With strong and firm legal protection, it is hoped that it can prevent and reduce cases of violence and sexual abuse against children in Indonesia.

The purpose of this research was to determine the campaign management of a company in an effort to maintain the company's image. In this research, it examined the management of Public Relations campaigns at PT. Indonesian Commuter Train by carrying out an Anti-Sexual Harassment and Violence campaign. The reason for conducting this research is that in Indonesia cases of sexual harassment are very common, almost every year cases of sexual harassment increase, apart from that, one of the criminal acts that is often worried about by KRL commuter line passengers is sexual harassment. Therefore PT. Kereta Commuter Indonesia is carrying out a Public Relations campaign which aims to raise awareness of KRL users regarding the issue of sexual harassment and violence on public transportation. This research uses theories that are relevant to what is being studied, namely campaign management theory (Venus: 2019), as well as corporate image theory (Kotler and Keller: 2013). The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative, the data collection technique used in this research is primary data in the form of interviews with informants and secondary data in the form of documentation, both data and images. With the results of campaign management used by Public Relations PT. Kereta Commuter Indonesia in maintaining the company's image through answers obtained through source triangulation, it was stated that the campaign carried out could educate and minimize sexual harassment and violence within the KR environment and this campaign also had an impact on PT's corporate image. The Indonesian Commuter Train is considered to care about issues related to sexual harassment and violence experienced by KRL users. The inhibiting factor in this anti-sexual harassment and violence campaign is the sexual harassment and violence campaign run by Public Relations PT. The Indonesian Commuter Train has not been fully implemented by KRL users because there are still many cases of harassment that occur in the KRL environment. The supporting factor is that many agencies are participating in this campaign, such as the Loreal brand, they are making talk shows about sexual harassment and violence.

The household must be a safe place for all family members. However, in fact, many households become places of suffering and suffering due to acts of violence. For victims of domestic violence, achieving psychological well-being can be a big challenge considering the trauma they have experienced. The aim of this research is to find out the psychological well-being of victims of domestic violence. The research method employed involves conducting library research, which involves collecting secondary data from various sources such as literature books, research findings, journals, and articles. Research shows high rates of violence, depression, anxiety and PTSD among women receiving specialist domestic violence services.

Sexual violence is deviant sexual behavior that can affect the health and life of the victim. Various studies show that teenagers are vulnerable to experiencing sexual violence, both from people they know and strangers. This literature review research on 10 articles on the internet aims to understand more about sexual violence against teenagers. Based on the results of the literature review, it was found that sexual violence against adolescents can occur in various forms, such as rape, molestation, sexual harassment, or sexual exploitation. Research also shows that risk factors for sexual violence in adolescents include a disharmonious family environment, previous experiences of violence, conflicting lifestyles, and low levels of education. Sexual violence in adolescents can have short-term and long-term impacts on the health and well-being of victims. Short-term impacts include physical, emotional, and psychological injuries, while long-term impacts can include psychological disorders, including depression, anxiety disorders, post-traumatic stress, and suicidal ideation. To reduce the risk of sexual violence in adolescents, there needs to be ongoing prevention and education about healthy sexuality and social responsibility in respecting human rights and respecting human dignity. Prevention can be carried out at the individual, family and community levels, including providing counseling support to victims and providing rehabilitation and recovery services.  

Preventing violence against children is a global issue that requires serious attention from various stakeholders. This article discusses various prevention efforts undertaken in different countries to reduce incidents of violence against children. Approaches include educating and socializing communities, improving child protection systems, and enforcing stricter laws against perpetrators of violence. Case studies from several countries indicate that early education on children's rights and violence prevention, both in schools and within communities, is effective in changing behavior and raising awareness. Furthermore, collaboration between governments, NGOs, and the private sector is necessary to create safer environments for children. Despite numerous challenges, these efforts represent crucial initial steps in protecting children's rights and fostering a society more attentive to children's well-being

This study investigates the role of women in the field of penology and the impact of sexual violence on children through literature analysis. The main focus is to provide women's contribution in handling crime and rehabilitation in prison institutions as well as implementing policies for the safety and welfare of children who are victims of sexual violence. Through in-depth literature observations, this research provides insight into the various perspectives and approaches used in addressing these issues.    

This research aims to determine the prevalence of cases of violence against children based on hadith and law no. 35 of 2014. Violence against children is a serious problem that affects children's welfare and development. This article presents an analysis of violence against children based on the hadith perspective and Law no. 35 of 2014 concerning Child Protection. Through a literature review, this article describes the concept of violence against children according to Islamic teachings as well as the legal perspective regulated in Law no. 35 of 2014. Apart from that, this article also discusses the impact of violence on children and prevention efforts that can be taken from both a religious and legal perspective. It is hoped that this article can provide deeper insight into child protection in the context of violence and provide a basis for efforts to overcome violence against children in society.

Sikap bela negara merupakan sebuah tekad dan kesediaan yang diperlukan setiap warga negara untuk berbakti kepada bangsa dan negara. Masyarakat Indonesia, khususnya generasi muda perlu untuk selalu menanamkan nilai-nilai dasar bela negara, meliputi rasa cinta tanah air, sadar berbangsa dan bernegara, setia kepada pancasila sebagai ideologi negara dan pandangan hidup bangsa, rela berkorban, serta memiliki kemampuan awal bela negara. Namun seiring berkembangnya zaman, terjadi krisis kesadaran bela negara pada generasi muda dikarenakan degradasi moral akibat 4 dosa pendidikan yang meliputi perundungan, kekerasan seksual, intoleransi, dan korupsi. Metodologi penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode narrative literature review yang dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan sumber yang relevan dengan topik dan membuat kesimpulan mengenai cara mewujudkan sikap bela negara pada generasi muda dengan menghindari 4 dosa pendidikan. Dari kajian yang telah dilakukan, menghindari 4 dosa pendidikan tersebut, dapat membantu mewujudkan masyarakat Indonesia terutama pada generasi muda agar memiliki kesadaran bela negara yang dicerminkan pada sikap dan perilakunya dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat. Generasi muda juga harus dapat memenuhi perannya sebagai Agent of change, Guardian of value, Iron stock, Social control, dan Moral force dengan cara menghindari 4 dosa pendidikan, sehingga kesadaran bela negara pada generasi muda dapat meningkat, serta menjadi generasi emas yang dapat mempertahankan bangsa dan negara.

The Covid-19 pandemic has had quite a big impact on human life, including in the fields of education, economy, culture and society. Unplanned presence forces the community to adapt to existing changes. Starting from the largest unit, namely the country, down to the smallest unit, namely the family, there are problems being faced due to the Covid-19 pandemic. One of the phenomena that occurred was the increase in Domestic Violence (KDRT), which doubled the number from previous years. Even though the law on the elimination of domestic violence has been formed to address the problem of domestic violence. This research aims to describe the phenomenon of increasing domestic violence during the Covid-19 pandemic from a socio-legal perspective. The research method is qualitative with a literature study approach. Research results show that the increase in cases of domestic violence during the Covid-19 pandemic was caused by large-scale social restrictions, often abbreviated as PSBB, which required victims, namely women or wives, to remain with the perpetrators of violence, namely men or husbands. Economic problems are one of the factors that can give rise to conflict between husband and wife which leads to violence, differences, culture, infidelity, etc. Forms of domestic violence include physical, economic, psychological violence and household neglect. The conclusion from the research is that the Law on the Elimination of Domestic Violence cannot truly eradicate domestic violence because victims often do not report it to the authorities due to the strong patriarchal culture.    

Law No. 12 of 2022 concerning the Prevention and Handling of Sexual Violence Crimes has become a significant milestone in the effort to combat sexual violence, especially against women, in Indonesia. In this context, this article explores the impact and implications of the law, as well as the challenges faced in its implementation. Through qualitative analysis of various sources of information, including the text of the law, official reports, and related literature, this article provides a comprehensive understanding of how the law affects the protection of victims of sexual violence. The results of the analysis indicate that Law No. 12 of 2022 has increased public awareness, strengthened victim protection, and marked a cultural shift towards sexual violence.

The existence of household assistants (ART) is often ignored in labor laws in many countries, including Indonesia. This results in unfair treatment and minimal access for household members to legal protection, which increases the risk of violence against them. This violence includes verbal, physical and sexual harassment, but is difficult for household members to report due to limited legal knowledge and fear of retaliation. Social stigma and lack of support also exacerbate the situation, leaving many cases of violence unreported and perpetrators unaccounted for. This research aims to increase awareness of the importance of legal protection for household members, evaluate the implementation of labor laws, and encourage regulatory changes to expand protection. The research method uses a qualitative and descriptive approach through literature study. The research results show that legal protection for household members in Indonesia is still weak and ineffective, especially because household members are not explicitly regulated in labor law. Key barriers include a lack of rights awareness, training of law enforcement officers, and a culture of amicable resolution of violence. Better legal protection for household members needs to be implemented immediately through the ratification of the Domestic Workers Protection Bill, educational campaigns and training for law enforcement officers. Strong family, community and political support is also needed to create a safer and fairer environment for ART.

Violence is usually carried out by someone against another person for a reason, for example because someone is very annoyed or angry with another person so that he commits violence intentionally or not. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. Data collection techniques are observation, interviews and documentation. The results of the research show that when violence begins, such as shouting and pinching children, this continues to include hitting and throwing things at children. Meanwhile, children who experience verbal violence such as verbal abuse or insults experience conditions related to feelings. Children will feel insecure, close themselves off, feel inferior and overthink

Kekerasan seksual merupakan pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM) dan tindak pidana yang merusak harkat dan martabat manusia, serta merupakan bentuk diskriminasi yang harus diberantas. Undang-Undang Tahun 2022 No. 12 (Undang-Undang TPKS) mendefinisikan tindak pidana kekerasan seksual dalam Pasal 1 Ayat 1 sebagai perbuatan yang memenuhi unsur-unsur tindak pidana yang diatur dalam undang-undang tersebut, serta tindak kekerasan seksual lainnya sepanjang tidak ditentukan dalam undang-undang tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meminimalisir dan mencegah kasus TPKS, menciptakan keadilan bagi korban, serta mengaplikasikan nilai-nilai Pancasila di lingkungan perguruan tinggi dan masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian normatif dengan memanfaatkan bahan pustaka atau data sekunder. Dua faktor utama yang menyebabkan terjadinya kasus kekerasan seksual adalah faktor internal, yakni kedekatan emosional antara pelaku dan korban, serta faktor eksternal yang meliputi kondisi atau lingkungan sekitar korban. Penelitian ini difokuskan pada kasus kekerasan dan pelecehan seksual terhadap perempuan di Indonesia saat ini dan upaya-upaya pencegahannya. Dukungan khusus sangat diperlukan untuk korban yang umumnya berasal dari lingkungan dengan perkembangan mental yang belum sempurna.

Student delinquency cannot be separated from the impact in science that is constructed on the pattern of subject-object relationships. Through the objectivity of the education system in Indonesia, goals, principles, social organizations, teaching methods, assessments, students, curriculum, facilities and funding, this relational pattern is rooted. Violence against children is no longer limited to the private sector, but extends to wider society. Schools are places where violence occurs in children and this is a concern that is often discussed. Not only teachers can commit violence against students, but fellow students themselves can also commit violence against children. Bullying is the form of violence most often perpetrated by female students, and physical violence, such as fighting and threats, is most often perpetrated by female students. There are four times when children are most likely to experience violence. During recess, after school, when changing classes, and when no one is in class. Most violent incidents occur outside the school environment, not within the school environment. One way to prevent bullying at school is to explain the causes of the problem by considering the function and role of education at home, school and society.

Sexual violence is an incident that cannot be separated from women and children. The rise in incidents of sexual violence against women and children in the city of Kupang is a fluctuating phenomenon. The Kupang City Police PPA Unit noted that, in 2021 there were 42 cases of violence against women and children, in 2022 it decreased to 39 cases, and increased in 202 to 42 cases. This research aims to determine the factors that cause sexual violence against women and children, and determine the obstacles to solving criminal acts of sexual violence against women and children in Kupang City, as well as efforts to overcome them. This research uses empirical juridical methods, with the type of data used being primary data based on the results of interviews and documentation, as well as secondary data used to complement primary data. The results of this research show that (1) The factors causing sexual violence behavior are sexual desire, lack of sex education, social and environmental factors, and misuse of technology. (2) Obstacles experienced in resolving cases of sexual violence include insufficient evidence, individual factors, and the perpetrator running away. (3) The countermeasures that have been carried out are in the form of preemptive, preventive and repressive measures.

Sexual violence poses a significant danger to the safety and well-being of individuals in higher education settings. Within this framework, educational institutions have an obligation to provide protection, assistance, and appropriate procedures for victims and perpetrators of sexual violence. This article discusses the implementation of Law No. 12 of 2022 on the Protection of Women in the Prevention and Handling of Sexual Violence in higher education using the literature study method. The main objective of this article is to examine the methodology used by higher education institutions in implementing the law to prevent and handle cases of sexual violence. By reviewing various literature sources such as academic literature, research reports, and government policies, this article provides an overview of the steps taken by higher education institutions to comply with the law. The conclusions of this literature review are expected to provide valuable perspectives for stakeholders, including universities, government agencies, and advocacy groups, to strengthen women's protection and promote a safe and inclusive academic environment.

This research aims to discuss factors inhibiting law enforcement against dating violence. This research uses empirical legal methods, namely based on phenomena and realities in society, then analyzed descriptively qualitatively and conclusions are given. The results of the research show that the factors inhibiting law enforcement of violence against women in relationships in the jurisdiction of the Gorontalo City Police Department are legal and enforcement factors where there are no articles or statutory regulations that specifically regulate violence in dating relationships; Police Resource Factors; Factors within the victim and family; and Lack of community participation and culture. Therefore, it is important to make extra efforts in the law enforcement process by the authorities against violence in dating relationships, and prioritize justice and safety for victims. This can be done by strengthening the legal substance, especially the sanctions imposed on perpetrators, including the commitment and consistency of the authorities in completing the process in question. Furthermore, the community, including parents and families, are expected to be more active and caring in providing protection movements for victims of violence in dating relationships. Apart from that, the importance of socializing the impact and legal sanctions that will be given to perpetrators who commit dating violence, especially for teenagers who are vulnerable to becoming perpetrators or victims.

This study is to determine the hardness and wear of two original and local brake pads on motorcycle brakes by conducting rockwell hardness and wear tests. This test was conducted at the B4T Bandung Automotive Laboratory with results at a load of 60 Kgf, a steel ball indenter with a diameter of 1/12 inch. The results show that the average value of the local brake pad hardness level is 66.7 HR and the average value of the original brake pad is 84.93 HR proving that the highest level of hardness is found in the original brake pad. Wear testing that the original brake canvas sample initial weight 75 gr with 3 variable testing time namely test 1 around 4 minutes obtained 71 gr with eroded weight 4 gr, test 2 around 8 minutes obtained 69 gr with eroded weight 6 gr, test 3 around 12 minutes with weight 67 gr, test 3 around 12 minutes obtained 67 gr with eroded weight 8 gr local brake canvas initial weight 74 gr with 3 variable testing time namely test 1 around 4 minutes obtained 69 gr with eroded weight 5 gr, test 2 around 8 minutes obtained 60 gr eroded with eroded weight 14 gr, test 3 got 56 gr with eroded weight 18 gr, from both samples the results of wear testing that the original and local brake canvas found that the original canvas wear is harder than the local type of canvas.

The purpose of this research is to analyze the efforts and obstacles in providing legal protection to children who are victims of sexual violence in West Manggarai. This research is an empirical juridical research in which this research was conducted at the Social Service of Women Empowerment and Protection of West Manggarai Regency, West Manggarai Resort Police, and West Manggarai Women and Children's Home. Data collection techniques used interviews and document/literature studies. The data used were primary data and secondary data. The results of the data processing were analyzed descriptively qualitative. The results of this study indicate that legal protection efforts against child victims of sexual violence in West Manggarai are providing legal assistance to children who are victims of violence, providing spiritual guidance to victims of sexual violence, providing health assistance to victims to check their health, providing safe houses or shelters, applying criminal sanctions for perpetrators. Obstacles in providing legal protection to child victims of sexual violence in West Manggarai are community factors, cultural factors, infrastructure factors, law enforcement factors.

This research discusses the phenomenon of sexual violence against children in Indonesia with a focus on a case involving an elementary school student in Serang, Banten. Through a framing analysis approach, this research explores how the media, especially Detik.com and Radar Banten, frame news about the case. The research results show that psychological, social and environmental factors influence perpetrators of sexual violence in targeting minors or their own children. The framing of reports by the media also plays an important role in shaping public perceptions about the case, by highlighting aspects such as the perpetrator's psychological condition, the role of parents, and the urgency in handling sexual violence cases. The implications of this research are the importance of a deeper understanding of the dynamics of the relationship between perpetrators and victims of sexual violence, as well as the need for preventive measures and stronger law enforcement to protect children from sexual violence.