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This training activity on application development using the Thunkable platform was designed to enhance digital literacy, logical thinking skills, and strengthen the character of adolescents through a Project-Based Learning (PjBL) approach. In today’s digital age, digital literacy is an essential competency, and equipping young people with the ability to create meaningful technology empowers them to be not just users but also creators of impactful digital solutions. The training took place on May 17, 2025, at a member’s house from the GKI Kasih congregation in Perumnas, Sorong. It was attended by 20 participants aged between 12 and 17 years. The choice of a familiar and friendly setting was intended to create a comfortable and collaborative learning environment. The training materials were structured step-by-step, starting with an introduction to the Thunkable platform, user interface (UI) design, navigation logic development using visual block programming, and culminating in group presentations and reflections on the final projects. The project theme chosen for the training was "Prophets as Role Models," aimed at integrating spiritual values and character development into an educational digital application. Through this project, participants not only gained technical skills but also reflected on the moral and inspirational values of prophetic figures in the Christian faith. Evaluation results showed that the training had a significant positive impact. Participants demonstrated increased understanding of app development concepts, were able to explain their project workflows and features, and showed high levels of enthusiasm and creativity throughout the process. Furthermore, character values such as teamwork, responsibility, and a strong learning spirit were fostered. This initiative serves as a concrete example of how technology-based education can be effectively combined with character formation. It also provides a replicable training model for other communities, particularly for church-based youth development programs that aim to nurture digitally literate and morally grounded future generations.

In today's era of rapid globalization and modernization, each generation in Indonesia has distinct characteristics, particularly in their ways of thinking, interacting, and facing life's challenges. Generation Y (millennials) and Generation Z, who are now entering the world of education, have very different mindsets and adaptation methods compared to previous generations. One of the major challenges faced by educators is how to address these differences, particularly in teaching Islamic religious values and shaping students' religious character amidst the rapid development of technology and social dynamics. The transition from Generation Y to Generation Z brings significant changes in the world of education, particularly for Islamic Religious Education (PAI) teachers. Generation Z, more familiar with digital technology and the internet, often has a more interactive and visual learning style. They tend to prioritize fast and easily accessible information, and are more open to global cultural influences. This phenomenon presents new challenges for PAI teachers in delivering Islamic religious learning materials that are contextual, relevant, and easily understood by students. The transformation of PAI teachers in shaping students' religious character in this transitional era requires a deep understanding of existing social, technological, and cultural changes. Islamic Religious Education teachers are not only required to possess in-depth knowledge of religious teachings but also to be able to adapt teaching methods to suit the needs of today's students. For example, the use of digital technology in Islamic religious education can facilitate students' access to various relevant information sources, such as Islamic preaching videos, Islamic learning apps, or e-books that can enhance their understanding.  

This community service activity aims to strengthen the character development of elementary school students through training in creating digital applications using the Thunkable platform. In the midst of the digital era and the challenges of the Industrial Revolution 4.0, character education is an essential aspect that must be instilled from an early age, alongside cognitive competence. Elementary schools, as the foundation of education, play a strategic role in shaping children’s personalities, including embedding positive character values. This activity was conducted at SD Moria in Sorong City and involved 24 students from grades 5 and 6, selected based on their interest and readiness. The training used a Project-Based Learning approach, where students were actively engaged in creating simple application projects. Throughout the process, students not only learned basic programming skills using Thunkable but also developed key values such as teamwork, responsibility, independence, creativity, and curiosity. Despite facing challenges such as limited devices and internet access, the students demonstrated remarkable enthusiasm. Thunkable proved to be an effective tool for interactive and enjoyable learning. Students were able to directly develop their creative ideas through designing user interfaces and application functions. This provided a meaningful learning experience that motivated students to continue exploring and trying new things. The activity showed that technology-based learning can serve as a strategic means to holistically shape students' character. Overall, this initiative demonstrated that digital application development training can serve as a character education model based on technology that is highly relevant for elementary education. This program is expected to serve as an educational innovation example that encourages the integration of digital literacy and character education in Indonesian elementary schools.

Community service is one of the main pillars of the Tri Dharma of Higher Education, which plays a strategic role in connecting theoretical knowledge with its real-life application in society. Through these activities, universities not only act as centers for scientific development but also as agents of social change that encourage improvements in the quality of life of the community. This community service article discusses legal counseling activities focused on preventing domestic violence (KDRT), which were carried out in Sidokumpul Village, Guntur District, Demak Regency. This activity aims to increase residents' understanding and legal awareness regarding rights and obligations within the family, as well as providing knowledge about legal procedures that can be taken in the event of domestic violence. The implementation method of the activity included interactive presentations that combined theory with case examples, group discussions to explore problems faced by residents, and the collection and analysis of supporting data regarding the level of legal understanding before and after the activity. This approach allows participants to be actively involved and gain insights relevant to their conditions. The results of the activity show a significant increase in community understanding regarding domestic violence. In addition, an initiative emerged from residents to form a "Legally Aware Family" group as a forum for education and advocacy at the village level. This demonstrates that legal counseling can foster critical awareness and encourage active community participation in preventing domestic violence. This article recommends the need for ongoing, regular legal counseling programs to foster a more legally aware community capable of protecting its rights and creating a harmonious family environment free from violence.

Community participation refers to the active involvement of citizens in various stages of the development process, especially at the village level. A concrete example of community participation can be seen in the case study of Bendhung Lepen, located in Mrican Village, Yogyakarta. Bendhung Lepen is an irrigation canal that stems from the Gajah Wong River. Before its revitalization, the area faced numerous environmental problems, primarily due to household waste and pollution that contaminated the waterway and negatively affected the environment and public health. In response to these issues, local residents, along with relevant stakeholders, initiated an environmental conservation program. The main goal of this initiative was to restore the ecological function of Bendhung Lepen and transform it into a clean, green, and beneficial public space for the community. This study aims to measure the level of community participation in the environmental conservation program. Data collection methods included questionnaires for quantitative analysis and in-depth interviews for qualitative insights into community involvement. The results of the study show that community members were actively involved in various phases of the program, including planning, implementation, and evaluation. Stakeholders involved in the program included community leaders, youth groups, environmental organizations, and village officials. The forms of participation extended beyond voicing aspirations to contributing labor (through mutual cooperation) and materials (such as donations or supplies). According to Arnstein’s ladder of participation, the level of community participation in this conservation program falls under the category of "delegated power," which represents a high degree of participation. This means that the community was not merely involved as passive participants but was given real authority in decision-making and program management. These findings indicate that genuine and sustained community involvement plays a crucial role in the success of local environmental conservation efforts.

Relations in mathematics are a fundamental concept that describe the connection between two sets. This concept is crucial because it forms the foundation for understanding functions and various other mathematical topics. In everyday life, relations can be found in numerous real-world situations, such as the relationship between teachers and their students, sellers and buyers, or students and their exam scores. By understanding relations, students can see how elements from one set are linked to elements in another set based on specific rules. Unfortunately, many students still find it difficult to grasp the concept of relations because it is often taught in an abstract way, filled with mathematical symbols that are not connected to their real-life experiences. As a result, students may feel that the topic is irrelevant to their lives, leading to a lack of interest and poor comprehension. In fact, if taught contextually and practically, the concept of relations can serve as a key bridge to help students understand functions and their relevance in the real world. This article aims to explain the concept of relations through a more practical and relatable approach. For example, it can be illustrated by connecting students' names with their attendance numbers, or linking foods with their nutritional contents. Through these examples, students can see that relations are not just rigid parts of a math lesson but also reflect meaningful connections in everyday life. In this way, it is expected that students will gain a more comprehensive understanding of relations—not only mathematically but also in terms of practical application and functionality. A solid understanding of relations will make it easier for students to learn advanced concepts such as functions, mappings, and mathematical logic. Therefore, a learning approach that emphasizes contextual understanding is essential, so that students are not merely memorizing formulas but are also capable of applying the concept of relations in real-world situations.

Information technology plays a crucial role in supporting the growth of the digital economy, including in the micro and traditional business sectors. One example is the use of digital technology to increase sales of titi corn in Laranwutun Village, Lembata Regency. Titi corn is a traditional food from East Nusa Tenggara, particularly in the eastern Flores region of Solor, Adonara, and Lembata. However, this specialty food is not yet widely known due to minimal promotion and marketing, particularly on social media. This has resulted in limited market share and low incomes for local communities. This study used qualitative methods through direct interviews with titi corn entrepreneurs. The research process was divided into three stages: planning, preparation, and implementation. The theory used refers to the concept of digital marketing, specifically the use of Facebook as a promotional tool. This study examines the extent to which Facebook can increase marketing reach, expand the market, and facilitate the promotion of titi corn. The results show that Facebook plays a significant role in promoting and increasing titi corn sales. This social media platform facilitates the delivery of product information, reaches a wider consumer base, and builds brand awareness. Furthermore, Facebook enables direct interaction between producers and consumers, thereby increasing customer trust and loyalty to local products. This digital promotion strategy also opens up opportunities for collaboration with traditional culinary communities and local MSMEs, which can strengthen marketing networks. These findings emphasize the importance of preserving local food through an integrated digital approach. By optimizing social media, titi corn will not only gain wider recognition but also have the potential to become a superior regional product that supports sustainable and inclusive community economic empowerment.

The instillation of trustworthiness (amanah) is an essential element in the character development of students, particularly within the framework of Islamic education. As a core moral value emphasized in both the Al-Quran and Hadith, amanah serves as a foundation for shaping students' integrity, responsibility, and reliability. Despite its significance, the teaching materials designed to instill this value have not been critically assessed, especially in terms of their content relevance and pedagogical effectiveness. This study aims to conduct an in-depth analysis of the Tafhim Al-Quran teaching materials used for Grade II students at SMP-T Darul 'Amal, focusing on the topic of amanah. Utilizing a qualitative approach with a descriptive method, data were gathered through the collection of documents, lesson plan (RPP) reviews, and interviews with subject teachers. The findings reveal that the teaching materials do cover the three learning domains—cognitive, affective, and psychomotor—but tend to disproportionately emphasize the cognitive domain. While the materials include references to Al-Quran verses and Hadith concerning trustworthiness and the fulfillment of promises, they often lack practical, real-world examples that are relatable to the everyday experiences of adolescents. Moreover, the current instructional approach remains conventional and teacher-centered, offering limited opportunities for students to engage in reflective and participatory learning activities. In light of these findings, the study recommends the development of more contextualized and student-centered teaching materials. These materials should incorporate active learning strategies, such as group discussions, case studies, and experiential learning activities, to more effectively foster the internalization of amanah as a lived value. Enhancing the relevance and interactivity of character education in this way can significantly improve its impact on students' moral development.  

This study examines the history of mangrove conservation in Cemara Beach, Muncar District, Banyuwangi Regency, from the 1980s to 2020. The main focus lies on the dynamics of changes in coastal ecosystems due to land conversion into shrimp ponds, as well as the response of the community and government to the destruction of mangrove forests that occurs. The 1980s period became a crucial phase when intensive pond investment began to flourish which had an impact on environmental degradation, especially the loss of most of the natural mangrove vegetation in the region. These changes not only affect the balance of ecosystems, but also impact the livelihoods of coastal communities that depend on the sustainability of natural resources. Since the early 2000s, various conservation initiatives have emerged spearheaded by coastal community groups, students, NGOs, as well as support from government agencies. These conservation efforts are participatory and community-based, reflecting the increased ecological awareness of local communities. This study uses oral history methods and literature studies to reconstruct conservation narratives from the perspectives of local actors directly involved in the process. The results of the study show that the success of mangrove conservation in Cemara Beach is highly dependent on synergy between various actors, ranging from local communities, academics, to government agencies. Policies that support the protection of coastal areas are also an important factor in creating a participatory space for environmental rehabilitation efforts. This conservation history shows the socio-ecological transformation of the coastal communities of Muncar, from an exploitation orientation to a recovery model based on local wisdom. Furthermore, mangrove conservation in Cemara Beach is also the foundation in the development of environment-based ecotourism as well as an example of sustainable natural resource management practices on the southern coast of Banyuwangi.

This study examines the impact of preaching carried out by Gus Iqdam on the social and religious dynamics of the Karanggayam Blitar community. The presence of Gus Iqdam's preaching not only brings influence in the religious realm, but also creates new dynamics in the social realm of society. This study aims to determine the form of preaching carried out by Gus Iqdam, to determine the impact of Gus Iqdam's preaching on the social and religious life of the Karanggayam community, and to determine the factors that influence the level of acceptance and change in society towards Gus Iqdam's preaching. The method used in this study uses a qualitative approach with a case study type. The data collection technique is through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. The data obtained are analyzed using data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study indicate that the form of Gus Iqdam's preaching in Karanggayam includes communicative delivery, preaching through personal examples, and empowerment of local congregations. This preaching has an impact on increasing religious awareness in society, forming a more religious environment, and encouraging more positive changes in social behavior. The factors that influence public acceptance of Gus Iqdam include public interest in Gus Iqdam's preaching, emotional closeness between Gus Iqdam and the community, the level of public acceptance of preaching, and Gus Iqdam's personality which is simple and easily accepted by the Karanggayam community.

This research explores how the Direct Cash Transfer (BLT) program is implemented in Manubar Village, Sandaran Sub-district, as a government effort to assist low-income families. The research looked at different types of assistance, including BLT Dana Desa, Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH), and Non-Cash Food Assistance (BPNT), designed to help meet people's basic needs. The research aims to identify the types of assistance provided, evaluate how well they are implemented, and understand their impact on community welfare in areas such as the economy, education, clothing, food, and health. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, this research collected information through interviews with eight beneficiaries, observation, and documentation. The results showed that BLT significantly helped improve living standards, especially by fulfilling basic needs. From an Islamic economic perspective, the program embodies the values of social justice, honesty, and beneficence that are in line with the principles of wealth distribution in sharia. BLT is seen as a clear example of the government's role in improving community welfare in a targeted and meaningful way.

This study aims to determine the effect of the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) learning model on students' ability to review fictional works in class VIII of SMP Negeri 1 Gunungsitoli. This study uses a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental method, with a non-equivalent control group design. The population in this study were all students of class VIII of SMP Negeri 1 Gunungsitoli, while the research sample consisted of two classes, namely class VIII-C as the experimental class and class VIII-F as the control class, each totaling 31 students. The research instrument used was a pretest and post-test in the form of essays. The results of the validity test showed that all test items were valid with a calculated r value > r table (example: question number 3 r count = 0.905 > r table = 0.367). The reliability test showed a value of α = 0.78 which means the instrument is reliable. The difficulty level ranged from 69.60% to 77.33% (moderate to easy category), and the discriminating power ranged from 0.20–0.32 (sufficient to moderate category). The average pretest score for the experimental class was 63.58, and the posttest score increased to 80.61. Meanwhile, in the control class, the average pretest score was 62.38, and the posttest score increased to 71.35. Based on the results of the independent t-test, t = 3.82 and t = 2.00 were obtained at a significance level of 5%. 

Student learning independence can be stimulated by providing problems at the beginning of learning that must be solved. One example of a problem for teaching materials is the problem of students' polluted environment. Modules are one type of teaching material that can be designed systematically and used by students in the independent learning process. By applying a problem-based learning model to the environmental pollution learning module, it can be used as teaching material that trains students' learning independence by finding problems for the learning process and achieving learning objectives. This study aims to develop and determine the feasibility of a problem-based learning module on environmental pollution material for junior high school students in grade VII. The model used in developing the module is a model that has the steps of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation (ADDIE). The module material is developed by first analyzing the needs of teaching materials, then continuing with analyzing the curriculum used and collecting materials from various sources. The module is then validated by a material expert who obtained a score of 90% and validation by a media expert who obtained a score of 92.5%. This module has also been tested on grade VII science teachers with a score of 96% and tested on students and obtained a score of 83%. Based on the validation and trial results, this module is included in the category of very suitable for use in learning.

This research aims to explore and describe teachers' beliefs about teaching English in elementary schools. The research participants were elementary school English teachers in Kediri. The data were collected using a semi-structured interview which allowed the participants to share their thought and experiences in English teaching for young learners. By gaining insights into teachers' beliefs, this study seeks to offer a fresh perspective on effective English teaching strategies. The findings aim to empower teachers in fostering more impactful teaching environments. The teachers believed that they should consider the characteristics of young learners in teaching English and their psychological factors. Thus, teachers believed that teaching English should be fun. They used some techniques to make the teaching learning fun, for example by using pictures, videos, songs, etc.

This study aims to identify and analyze the types of figurative language found in the song lyrics of Boygenius’s album “The Record.” The research specifically seeks to determine the various figurative language devices present in selected tracks and to interpret the meanings behind these expressions using Leech’s theory of meaning. By focusing on figurative language, the study aims to enhance the understanding of how artistic language in indie music conveys complex emotions and themes, enriching both literary appreciation and linguistic analysis. The data source for this research consists of the lyrics from four selected songs: “Emily I’m Sorry,” “True Blue,” “Cool About It,” and “Not Strong Enough” from Boygenius’s album “The Record.” Data collection was conducted through an observation and note-taking technique: the researcher listened to the songs on Spotify and obtained the lyrics from www.genius.com. The method of analysis employed a descriptive qualitative approach, with the researcher identifying and categorizing instances of figurative language in the lyrics. The study was guided by the framework of Knickerbocker and Reninger for figurative language types and Leech’s theory for interpreting the meanings, which include conceptual, connotative, social, affective, reflected, collocative, and thematic meanings. The study's results revealed a total of 36 instances of figurative language across the selected songs, encompassing similes, metaphors, personification, synecdoche, metonymy, hyperbole, irony, and paradox. Of these, 36 examples were analyzed in detail to explore their meanings. The findings demonstrate that Boygenius’s lyrics utilize a diverse range of figurative language,

Stem cells are unspecialized cells with the ability to self-renew over long periods of time without undergoing significant changes in their basic properties. The discovery of adult stem cells has revolutionized therapeutic and regenerative medicine and led to the development of new therapies for previously untreatable terminal conditions. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation was the first example of successful stem cell therapy and has been widely used in the treatment of a variety of diseases, including leukemia, adult T-cell lymphoma, and multiple myeloma. Meanwhile, autologous mesenchymal stem cell transplantation is increasingly being used to repair mesenchymal tissues and other organs such as the lung and heart, and has shown promise in the treatment of stroke, multiple sclerosis, and diabetes. Interest in the therapeutic potential of other adult stem cells including neural, mammary, intestinal, inner ear, and testicular stem cells is also growing. The discovery of induced pluripotent stem cells has opened new insights into the epigenetic mechanisms underlying pluripotency and carcinogenesis. This study employed a qualitative approach with a literature review method, aiming to conduct an in-depth review of the scientific literature related to the development of stem cell therapy and its epigenetic implications. Through a systematic analysis of various academic sources, this study seeks to formulate a comprehensive conceptual understanding and identify future directions for safer and more targeted stem cell therapy development.

Composite materials are produced by combining two or more different materials, to achieve mechanical properties superior to those of the individual components. One example of a natural fiber-based composite is the composite made from the skin fiber of the lantung wood (Artocarpus elasticus). This study aims to analyze the effect of alkali immerse durations (60 minutes, 90 minutes, and 120 minutes) and fiber weight fractions (5%, 10%, and 15%) on the impact strength of the composite, using lantung wood bark fibers as the control due to their inherent mechanical strength. The experiment was conducted by varying the independent variables, such as alkali immerse duration and fiber weight fraction, and dependent variables including fiber orientation and NaOH concentration (horizontal orientation, 10%). The research method used in this research is design of experimental (DOE) method. Impact testing was performed using a Charpy impact tester, and the resulting data were analyzed quantitatively to evaluate the relationships among the variables. Although the benefits of natural fibers are well-known, there is still a lack of empirical data regarding the effects of alkali immerse duration and fiber weight fraction on the impact strength of the composites. The study purpose is to fill this gap by systematically analyzing the effects of alkali immerse duration and fiber weight fraction on the mechanical performance of lantung wood bark fiber-based composites. The research result show that a 120-minute immerse duration yields an impact value of 0.029 J/mm², while a 10% fiber weight fraction results in an impact value of 0.033 J/mm². The research contributes to the optimization of fabrication parameters, particularly in the automotive sector, such as in the production of lightweight components like rear wheel mudguard for motorcycles.

Advances in science and technology have significantly improved and facilitated the work of health professionals. One example is the transition from manual medical records to Electronic Medical Records (EMDR). At Mitra Sejati Hospital, the implementation of EMR still uses manual and electronic methods, so it is not in accordance with the Minister of Health Regulation Number 24 in 2022. This study aims to analyze the implementation of EMR in the mitra sejati hospital on the regulation. The research method used is descriptive qualitative, with observations made using checklist sheets to evaluate the SIMRS application. The research subjects included doctors, nurses, radiology, IT officers, and medical record officers, each represented by one participant. The results of the study showed that the implementation of EMR at Mitra Sejati Hospital was in accordance with the Minister of Health Regulation Number 24 in 2022 about filling in clinical information, inputting financing claim data, and storing EMR. However, the implementation of patient registration, EMR data distribution, information processing, quality assurance, and transfer of EMR contents were not fully in accordance. This discrepancy indicates that the implementation of EMR in the hospital was not fully in accordance with the regulations. To address this gap, special efforts are needed to improve technical systems and staff training, so that it can ensure full compliance with regulations and optimize the function of the EMR.

Accurate financial record-keeping is essential for MSMEs, yet many still rely on manual methods. Arsi Dekorasi, for example, had not produced formal financial reports such as income statements or cash flow reports. Digital transformation through accounting applications offers a solution to improve the efficiency and accuracy of financial records. This study aims to explore how the implementation of the Akuntansiku application enhances financial recording efficiency at Arsi Dekorasi. Using a qualitative approach with a case study method, data were collected through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation, and analyzed using the Diffusion of Innovation framework. The findings reveal that prior to using the application, records were manually kept and incomplete. After adopting Akuntansiku, financial recording became more efficient, accurate, and capable of generating automatic reports. Initial technology-related challenges were resolved through mentoring. The digital transformation proved to positively impact both the efficiency and quality of financial records. The study highlights the crucial role of management in sustaining and developing financial digitalization through continuous training and capacity building.

Technological advances have brought about major changes in the world of media communication, influencing the way we interact, obtain information, and share content. The internet has become the main pillar of today's communication revolution. With easier and faster internet access, information can now be disseminated in real time to all corners of the world. The emergence of broadband technology, 5G networks, and satellite-based internet has further enhanced accessibility, even in areas that were previously difficult to reach. The rise of Instagram has provided an opportunity for environmental conservation communities to continue their advocacy efforts, and this has become a tangible example of the development of Digital Communication. The research conducted focuses on the use of hashtags in campaign types on Instagram. This research method employs a qualitative descriptive approach and a simple experiment using the tools slice.id. Data collection techniques include observation, interviews, and document studies from previous research conducted by the researchers and other researchers relevant to the study. The Ciliwung Depok Community is a community that plays a significant role in raising public awareness about the importance of preserving river ecosystems. The Ciliwung Depok Community is not involved in any political agenda; it is an independent NGO established to address concerns about the increasing transformation of the Ciliwung River from a source of life into a source of problems.