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This study aims to determine the form of protection of digital copyright holders against copyright infringement. This study is a normative legal study using primary and secondary legal materials. This study uses an approach in the form of a legislative approach and is analyzed using a syllogism with a deductive mindset. The results of this study indicate that copyright is an exclusive right of the creator that is obtained automatically after a creation is manifested in a tangible form without reducing restrictions in accordance with the provisions of laws and regulations. The use of technology makes it easy for people to search for and access the information they need. This technological advancement has also made copyright infringement through piracy increasingly rampant. One of the violations that occurs is piracy by re-uploading which occurs due to advances in technology and information. Copyright protection on various digital platforms is an obligation that must be considered by the public to protect digital works. Piracy often occurs on platforms that have features for sharing video content. The less good consequences that result are the practice of piracy by re-uploading.

The development of digitalization has brought significant changes in various aspects of life, including employment relations. One of the innovations that has emerged is the use of digital employment contracts as a replacement for paper-based contracts. Digital employment contracts offer flexibility and efficiency in modern employment relations. However, in Indonesia, legal regulations related to digital employment contracts still face major challenges, considering the absence of regulations that specifically accommodate this mechanism. Article 52 of Law No. 13 of 2003 concerning Manpower only regulates the requirements for the validity of an employment contract without mentioning the use of electronic documents, while Law No. 11 of 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions (UU ITE) has recognized the validity of electronic documents. This study aims to analyze the regulation of digital employment contracts in Indonesia, compare them with regulations in other countries, and provide policy recommendations to ensure legal protection for workers in the digitalization era. The method used is a normative legal approach with comparative legal analysis of countries such as the European Union and the United States. The results of the study show that although digital employment contracts are legally valid in Indonesia, there are still legal gaps related to the protection of workers' rights, supervision of implementation, and protection of personal data. Therefore, it is necessary to update regulations that are adaptive to technological developments, including the integration of the principles of justice, legal certainty, and protection of workers' rights in digital employment contracts.

This study aims to examine the implications of automation and artificial intelligence (AI) on employment law politics in Indonesia, as well as their impact on employment structures and relationships. Along with rapid technological advances, especially in the fields of automation and AI, the world of employment is undergoing significant transformations that affect work models, employment contract arrangements, and worker protection. This study will identify how these technologies affect employment relationships, creating new opportunities, but also threatening the sustainability of jobs in certain sectors. This study uses a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis to understand the dynamics of change resulting from automation and AI, and their legal implications for workers and companies. The main focus of this study is to assess the extent to which employment policies in Indonesia can accommodate the new challenges arising from this technological shift, and how the existing employment law system needs to adapt to remain relevant and effective. The findings of this study are expected to contribute to policymakers, legal practitioners, and academics, by providing recommendations on how employment policies in Indonesia can be updated to anticipate the negative impacts of technology, protect workers' rights, and create social justice in an increasingly digitalized world of work. This research will also provide an overview of the role of technology in shaping future industrial relations and regulations, and propose a legal framework that is adaptive to the development of automation and artificial intelligence in Indonesia.

This research discusses the application of criminal law in online gambling cases in Indonesia, with a focus on decision No. 02/Pid.B/2022/PnPwk. The development of information technology has led to the emergence of cybercrime, including online gambling, which has a negative impact on society. Through a normative research approach, this study analyzes the challenges faced in law enforcement related to cybercrime, as well as legal protection for victims. The results show that despite regulations such as the Electronic Information and Transaction Law (EIT Law), many provisions are considered ambiguous, resulting in legal uncertainty. Law enforcement is also hampered by a lack of technological understanding among law enforcement and limited international cooperation. Therefore, it is necessary to update regulations and increase technological capacity to strengthen efforts to handle online gambling in the digital era. This research is expected to provide insights for the development of legal policies that are more effective and responsive to the challenges of cybercrime.

Technological advances have had a major impact on the development of tradelaw. This applies in Indonesia. Information and communication technology, especially the Internet, has changed the way trade is conducted from traditional to digital or e-commerce methods. Thiscreatestheneedfor legal regulationsthattakeintoaccountnewtrendssuch as personal data protection, electronic transaction security, the validity of digital documents, and consumer protection in the digital space. The enactment of the Electronic Transaction Information Law (UU ITE) and laws and regulations in the field of electronic commerce, such as Government Regulation Number 80 of 2019 (PMSE), is clear evidence that trade law is adapting to technology. Furthermore, technological development also encourage the emergence of blockchain-based smart contracts, which require legal recognition and adaptation of their validity. However, the impact of this technology also creates challenges such as the digital divide, lack of legal literacy among SMEs, and challenges of cross-border law enforcement in international transactions. Therefore, building an inclusive, technologically sensitive, and adaptive commercial legal system requires synergy between regulators, economicactors, and the community.

The development of digital technology based on Artificial Intelligence (AI) has had a significant impact on society, including the emergence of new crimes such as deepfake pornography. Deepfake pornography is a form of AI misuse that creates fake pornographic content by manipulating a person's face into a video or image without consent. This phenomenon raises complex legal issues within the Indonesian criminal law system. This study aims to examine how Indonesian criminal law regulates AI deviations in the form of deepfake pornography and to assess the effectiveness of these regulations in providing legal protection. This research uses a normative approach with qualitative analysis methods and the theory of legal effectiveness as the analytical tool. The research findings indicate that AI deviations in the form of deepfake pornography are not specifically regulated in Indonesia's positive criminal law. The applicable regulations are still general in nature, scattered across several laws such as the Electronic Information and Transactions Law (ITE Law), Personal Data Protection Law, Pornography Law, Sexual Violence Criminal Act Law, Copyright Law, and the Criminal Code (KUHP), which do not comprehensively address the technological aspects and psychosocial impacts of this crime. Based on Soerjono Soekanto's theory of legal effectiveness, the existing regulations are not yet effective, as seen from the legal substance, law enforcement, legal facilities and infrastructure, community factors, and legal culture. Therefore, a responsive legal reform is needed to keep pace with digital technological developments, along with strengthening the capacity of law enforcement institutions.

This study examines the increasing number of elderly individuals working in the informal sector and the exploitation risks they face, particularly through social media. According to data from BPS, there has been a rise in active elderly workers, with most employed in the informal sector. Indonesia's Labor Law does not provide specific protections for elderly workers, making them vulnerable to exploitative actions, such as the "online begging" phenomenon on TikTok, which leverages viewers' empathy. This study employs a normative juridical approach to identify legal gaps in labor regulations concerning elderly workers and analyze the impact of inadequate protection. The results indicate that elderly workers on digital platforms require stricter regulations regarding work conditions and rights protection. This study recommends more inclusive policies to ensure the welfare of elderly workers, particularly those in the informal and digital sectors, and emphasizes the need for transparent employment agreements and strict regulation on social media platforms.

The rapid development of digital technology has a significant impact on people's lives, including children's lives. Due to the use of this technology, protecting children's personal data has become an important issue in the current digital era, where children are vulnerable to the misuse of their personal data. The aim of this research is to examine the role of supervisory institutions in providing protection for children's personal data in Indonesia and to analyze it in comparison with the Personal Information Protection Act (PIPA) in South Korea. This research employs a normative legal approach. The legal materials used in this study focus on primary legal sources in the form of legislation, secondary legal sources such as literature, books, and journals, tertiary legal sources including Black’s Law Dictionary and the Indonesian Language Dictionary, as well as legal comparisons between Indonesia and South Korea. The results of this study indicate that the law in Indonesia has not fully provided adequate protection for personal data, particularly regarding the establishment and role of supervisory institutions, which have not yet been formed as a means of safeguarding children's personal data. In contrast, the regulations in South Korea provide more detailed provisions regarding the protection of children's personal data, along with an effectively functioning supervisory body known as the Personal Information Protection Commission (PIPC).

Legal protection of personal data in public information systems is an important aspect of maintaining individual privacy in the digital era. This journal examines various regulations governing personal data protection, including the Personal Data Protection Law and other related policies. This research uses a qualitative approach with case study analysis on several public agencies in Indonesia. The results show that despite the legal framework, the implementation of personal data protection still faces various challenges, such as a lack of understanding among public employees and a lack of socialization of individual rights. This study recommends the need for awareness raising and training for public agencies as well as strengthening supervisory mechanisms to ensure more effective personal data protection.

This study aims to analyse the trends and best practices of compulsory motor vehicle insurance in various countries as a lesson for Indonesia. The method used is literature observation with the traditional literature review method of articles published in international journals and practices that have been carried out by several selected countries, namely England, Germany, Kenya, India, Japan, the United States, Malaysia, Singapore and Australia. The results of the analysis show findings that most countries implement a compulsory motor vehicle insurance system. This insurance aims to provide financial protection to accident victims and encourage legal compliance among vehicle owners. Although this policy has provided significant benefits, such as reducing the financial burden on victims and more efficient dispute resolution, challenges such as high premiums, the complexity of the claims process, and uninsured vehicles still need to be overcome. The application of digital technology, including blockchain, is expected to increase transparency and efficiency in the claims process. Thus, this article highlights the importance of continuous improvement in the compulsory insurance system to ensure fair and effective protection for all parties involved. Based on these international practices, several recommendations for Indonesia include: strengthening mandatory insurance regulations, implementing technology in the insurance management system, increasing public insurance literacy, and developing policies that anticipate the emergence of autonomous vehicles. This study highlights the importance of learning from international experiences in developing an effective and sustainable compulsory motor vehicle insurance system in Indonesia.

The spread of hoaxes through voice manipulation technology, such as voice changers, has become a significant issue in Indonesia in recent years. This technology allows perpetrators to manipulate someone's voice, which is then used to spread false information that can damage an individual's reputation, influence public opinion, and create social unrest. This study aims to analyze the legal aspects related to the misuse of voice changers in the spread of hoaxes, identify the challenges faced in law enforcement, and provide policy recommendations to improve legal protection for hoax victims. The methodology used in this research is normative legal research, with a normative approach focusing on the analysis of the Electronic Information and Transactions Law (UU ITE) and the Personal Data Protection Law (UU PDP), as well as other relevant regulations. The results show that although Indonesia has a sufficient legal framework to address hoax cases involving voice changers, law enforcement still faces challenges in terms of identifying perpetrators, proving voice manipulation, and the lack of more specific regulations. Additionally, victims have the right to legal protection, including compensation and clarification of false information. This study recommends enhancing the capacity of law enforcement, strengthening regulations, and improving digital literacy among the public to address the challenges posed by this technology.

The spread of hoaxes through voice manipulation technology, such as voice changers, has become a significant issue in Indonesia in recent years. This technology allows perpetrators to manipulate someone's voice, which is then used to spread false information that can damage an individual's reputation, influence public opinion, and create social unrest. This study aims to analyze the legal aspects related to the misuse of voice changers in the spread of hoaxes, identify the challenges faced in law enforcement, and provide policy recommendations to improve legal protection for hoax victims. The methodology used in this research is normative legal research, with a normative approach focusing on the analysis of the Electronic Information and Transactions Law (UU ITE) and the Personal Data Protection Law (UU PDP), as well as other relevant regulations. The results show that although Indonesia has a sufficient legal framework to address hoax cases involving voice changers, law enforcement still faces challenges in terms of identifying perpetrators, proving voice manipulation, and the lack of more specific regulations. Additionally, victims have the right to legal protection, including compensation and clarification of false information. This study recommends enhancing the capacity of law enforcement, strengthening regulations, and improving digital literacy among the public to address the challenges posed by this technology.

The development of technology and the internet has changed the way humans communicate. One form of this development is the presence of social media. Social media has now facilitated fast and easy interaction. The increasing number of users also increases the potential for criminal acts of misuse of personal data. Misuse of personal data, especially on social media, requires comprehensive mitigation. This study aims to analyze efforts to overcome victims of criminal acts of misuse of personal data on social media, both through penal and non-penal channels. With a normative legal and empirical legal research approach through a study of laws and regulations and legal literature as well as interviews. This study uses a qualitative method. The results of the study show that penal efforts include collecting evidence, identifying perpetrators, and imposing sanctions in accordance with the Personal Data Protection Law. Meanwhile, non-penal efforts are carried out through public education, the establishment of personal data protection institutions, and monitoring social media activities. The main inhibiting factors in this mitigation are the lack of implementing regulations, limited technical capabilities of law enforcement officers, and minimal public awareness of the importance of personal data. This study concludes that synergy between penal and non-penal efforts is needed to protect individual privacy rights in the digital era

Companies face new challenges in maintaining compliance with business ethics in the digital era which is characterized by technological advancements and globalization. It is essential to implement business laws to ensure that the company's practices not only comply with applicable regulations but also follow high moral standards. The study looks at how business law can help with ethical compliance in the digital environment, including data protection, transparency, and social responsibility. Using case studies from various industries, this study shows that consistent application of business laws and ongoing ethical counseling can create a strong culture of compliance. As a result, the company can not only reduce legal risks but also build a good reputation in the eyes of the public and consumers.

The rapid advancements in automation and artificial intelligence (AI) have significantly transformed various industries in Indonesia. While these technologies enhance efficiency and productivity, they also pose severe challenges to employment, notably the increasing prevalence of layoffs (PHK). This article critically analyzes the legal framework in Indonesia governing worker protection against layoffs caused by automation and AI. It highlights the inadequacies in current regulations, such as the Employment Law and the Job Creation Law, in addressing the unique challenges posed by digital transformation. Using a normative legal approach, the study emphasizes the need for adaptive policies, including reskilling, upskilling, and enhanced social security programs like the Employment Loss Insurance (JKP). Lessons from countries like Germany and Singapore underline the importance of government and industry collaboration in workforce readiness. The findings advocate for a holistic and inclusive policy framework to mitigate automation’s adverse effects while leveraging its potential for sustainable development.

The rapid development of technology has significantly influenced various economic sectors, including finance. Digitalization has introduced opportunities to create more efficient, transparent, and inclusive financial services. Within Islamic finance, technological advancements address challenges such as limited access to Sharia-compliant financial services and complexities in applying Sharia principles practically. One notable innovation is Sharia-based financial technology (fintech), which combines Islamic values with modern technology to provide accessible, ethical, and sustainable financial solutions. This study explores the potential and challenges of Sharia fintech in Indonesia, a country with the largest Muslim population globally. Sharia fintech, including crowdfunding, peer-to-peer lending, and halal digital payment platforms, promotes financial inclusion while adhering to Islamic principles. However, its growth faces regulatory hurdles, consumer protection issues, and a lack of public literacy about Sharia-compliant financial products. The research highlights the role of the government and regulatory bodies such as the Financial Services Authority (OJK) in providing a supportive framework, including legal certainty, technological infrastructure, and public education initiatives. The findings emphasize that effective regulations and strategic government support are critical to fostering Sharia fintech as a pillar of the Islamic economy. With strengthened collaboration between stakeholders, Sharia fintech can contribute significantly to financial inclusion and sustainable economic development in Indonesia.

This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of consumer protection regulations in handling fraudulent investments, focusing on the case of Doni Salmanan, a social media influencer involved in illegal investment promotion. Fraudulent investments have become a serious threat to society in Indonesia, especially in the context of the development of digital technology that allows the rapid dissemination of information. This research uses a normative legal research method with a case study approach, examining applicable regulations such as Law Number 8 Year 1999 on Consumer Protection and regulations of the Financial Services Authority (OJK). The results of the analysis show that although there are existing regulations to protect consumers, the implementation and supervision of illegal investment activities are still weak. Weak supervision, low public financial literacy, and inadequate sanctions against fraudulent investment actors indicate the need to update and strengthen regulations. This study provides recommendations to improve the effectiveness of consumer protection regulations and build more adaptive mechanisms to prevent investment fraud in the digital era.

The financial technology (fintech) industry in Indonesia has grown rapidly in recent years, having a significant impact on financial inclusion in the country. Fintech provides easier and faster access to financial services, especially for segments of society previously marginalized by the traditional banking system. Fintech services such as digital payments, online loans, and technology-based investments have expanded financial reach to communities in remote areas, MSMEs, and individuals with limited access to conventional banking services. However, with the rapid growth of fintech, challenges arise related to regulation and consumer protection. Inadequate regulation can lead to security risks, legal uncertainty, and potential abuse in digital financial services. Therefore, the Indonesian government has implemented various policies to regulate and supervise the fintech industry, such as the establishment of the Financial Services Authority (OJK) and Bank Indonesia (BI) as the main supervisors. This study aims to analyze the impact of fintech developments on financial inclusion in Indonesia and evaluate the effectiveness of existing regulations in protecting consumers and encouraging the growth of the fintech sector. The results of this research show that although fintech has the potential to significantly increase financial inclusion, more comprehensive regulations and strict law enforcement are needed to ensure that the benefits of fintech can be felt evenly and safely by all levels of society.

The digitalization of the banking sector, driven by the Fourth Industrial Revolution, has significantly impacted the ease of financial transactions through digital banking services. However, this progress also creates vulnerabilities to cybercrimes, particularly phishing, which aims to steal customers' personal data via fake websites or messages. This article examines relevant legal frameworks, including Law No. 19 of 2016 on Electronic Information and Transactions (EIT Law), the Indonesian Criminal Code (KUHP), and regulations issued by the Financial Services Authority (OJK), such as POJK No. 12/POJK.03/2018 on Digital Banking Services. Employing a normative qualitative approach, the study explores the legal protection available to customers as phishing victims and the responsibilities of banks in preventing and addressing such threats. This article recommends strengthening banks' technological security systems, enhancing customers' digital literacy, and enforcing laws more effectively to establish secure and reliable digital banking services.  

Based on the provisions in Law no. 7 of 1992 in conjunction with Law no. 10 of 1998 concerning Banking, commercial banks provide services such as transferring money according to the type of bank category. Along with the rapid development of technology and science in the era of globalization, the banking sector is also required to adapt to improve services to customers. Fintech, or financial technology, is designed to make financial services easier for people. However, potential threats remain and require preventive measures. This article reviews in depth legal protection for customers in digital financial transactions. This research uses a normative legal method with a literature study approach as a way of collecting data. The results of the descriptive analysis show regulations related to legal protection for customers in digital financial transactions with platforms such as DANA, as well as the role of LPS in maintaining the security of customer funds.