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Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemic conditions. The hyperglycemic condition is caused by abnormalities in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. DM is a global epidemic that causes high rates of morbidity and mortality, primarily due to microvascular and macrovascular complications. The number of diabetes mellitus (DM) patients has dramatically increased in the last 20 years. The purpose of this research is to identify the factors influencing the occurrence of Diabetes Mellitus at Imelda Pekerja Indonesia General Hospital in 2024. The research method uses a descriptive method to describe the object being studied. The research population consists of 292 with non-probability sampling using the consecutive sampling method. A sample of 40 respondents. Using a questionnaire. The research results show that out of 40 respondents, 15 respondents (37.5%) have good knowledge criteria, 24 respondents (60%) have sufficient knowledge criteria, and 1 respondent (2.5%) has poor knowledge criteria. It can be concluded that there are two factors influencing a person's knowledge: internal factors and external factors. The internal factors are education, age, and occupation, while the external factors are the environment and socio-cultural aspects.

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is defined as life threatening condition that happen mainly in T1DM and less frequently with T2DM in certain situation, an increase in the serum concentration of ketones greater than 3 mmol/L, a blood sugar level greater than 11mmol/L (although it is usually much higher), and a blood (usually arterial) pH less than 7.3 and it is the most frequent acute hyperglycemic emergency in persons with diabetes mellitus (DM). The main cause of morbidity and mortality in children with diabetes is DKA from both type1 DM (T1DM) and T2DM. Children with diminished metabolic control or previous episodes of DKA are at higher risk, as are prepubescent and adolescent girls, children with psychiatric disorders, such as eating disorders, and children who come from challenging families with lower socioeconomic status and inadequate health insurance as well as low general education levels.

Hypertension is a significant health issue as it serves as a major risk factor for various diseases, including heart disease, kidney failure, diabetes mellitus, and stroke. One pharmacological method that can help lower blood pressure is consuming boiled moringa leaf (Moringa oleifera) extract. This study aims to analyze the effects of consuming boiled moringa leaf extract on reducing blood pressure in individuals with hypertension in Sebauk Village, within the working area of Meskom Public Health Center, Bengkalis District. This study employed a case study method with a descriptive design. The research findings indicate that before consuming boiled moringa leaf extract, the systolic blood pressure of the respondents ranged from 145 mmHg to 165 mmHg, with an average of 152.81 mmHg. Meanwhile, the diastolic blood pressure ranged from 90 mmHg to 120 mmHg, with an average of 96.19 mmHg. After the administration of boiled moringa leaf extract, the systolic blood pressure of the respondents decreased, ranging from 130 mmHg to 160 mmHg, with an average of 138.44 mmHg. Additionally, the diastolic blood pressure dropped to a range of 80 mmHg to 100 mmHg, with an average of 85.31 mmHg. Based on these findings, it is recommended that Meskom Public Health Center educate the community about the risks of hypertension and its prevention and management, including consuming boiled moringa leaf extract as a natural alternative to help lower blood pressure.

Diabetes mellitus is disease chronic many​ occurs throughout the world. Prevalence disease this Keep going increased, with 8.5% of adults (equivalent to with 422 million people) suffering from Diabetes Mellitus at the global level. Research this aiming for identify management health of Diabetes Mellitus patients in the work area Health Center Meskom. Research this use method studies case with design descriptive. Research results show that 8 respondents (40%) did activity sports, while 12 respondents (60%) did not exercise. As many as 7 respondents (35%) routinely monitor blood sugar levels, while 13 respondents (65%) did not do monitoring. Respondents who regulate pattern Eat totaling 9 people (45%), while 11 respondents (55%) did not arrange pattern eating. As for 8 respondents (40%) running management health, while 12 respondents (60%) did not do it. Management health in Diabetes Mellitus patients aiming For control blood sugar levels, preventing complications term length, and increase quality life patient. Output study this designed in form article scientific. Research results show that good blood sugar control, including​ monitoring level glucose regularly, can lower risk complications like retinopathy, neuropathy, and disease cardiovascular. Optimal management involves combination use drugs, patterns controlled eating, as well as sport in a way regular.

In the art and science of dermatology, ridge patterns and surface markings are studied on the finger’s skin, palm, foot toes, and soles. It is helpful for research into illnesses that may have a hereditary component. Dermatoglyphics has developed into a practical instrument in the fields of biology, anthropology, genetics, medicine, and dentistry over the past few centuries. The state of medical dermatoglyphics today is such that different systemic illnesses are linked to fingerprint patterns. Breast cancer, smokeing tobacco, bronchial asthma, diabetes mellitus, and several others were maintained. The sophisticated and contemporary uses of dermatoglyphics in the diagnosis of various oral, systemic, and dental conditions are covered in this article. It also emphasizes how beneficial dermatoglyphics is as a medical diagnostic tool for a variety of systemic illnesses. An approach to investigating the genetic relationships of oral, craniofacial, and systemic illnesses that is easily accessible, affordable, practical, trustworthy, and noninvasive is dermatoglyphics. Therefore, dermatoglyphics is a great tool for screening the population for numerous medical and dental conditions in addition to providing personal identification.

People with diabetes often experience ongoing anxiety due to concerns about possible complications. This condition can have a negative impact on physical, psychological, and social health. This anxiety can develop into depression. This study aims to determine the factors associated with the risk of depression in elderly people with diabetes mellitus in the Bandar Baru Health Center Working Area, Pidie Jaya Regency. The type of research used is analytical with a cross-sectional approach, while data analysis used univariate and bivariate. The population in this study amounted to 473 elderly people and the sample was 83 people with a purposive sampling technique. Based on the results of the study, it is known that the majority of respondents experienced a risk of severe depression (48.2%), there is a significant relationship between the level of family support (p value = 0.000), family function (p value = 0.000), and family role (p value = 0.000) to the level of depression in elderly people with diabetes mellitus in the Bandar Baru Health Center Work Area, Pidie Jaya Regency, so it can be concluded that family support, family function and family role are related to the risk of depression in elderly people with diabetes mellitus in the Bandar Baru Health Center Work Area, Pidie Jaya Regency.    

Several problems occur in patients with diabetes mellitus, one of which is anxiety. Anxiety is a vague feeling of worry and is usually related to worrying about unexpected dangers that occur in the future. Anxiety can increase blood cortisol levels and increase the risk of progressive insulin resistance, which can lead to increased blood sugar levels.The purpose of this study was to describe the factors that influence anxiety in patients with diabetes mellitus.The type of research taken in this study is descriptive research, which is to see a description of the phenomena that occur in a certain population with a cross sectional data collection level. Data collection with AIS, DSES, HDFSS questionnaires with 114 respondents at RSI Sultan Agung Semarang with purposive sampling technique and data analysis using univariate analysis. Of the 114 respondents, the research results showed that the age of 51-60 was 45 people (39.5%), female gender was 75 people (65.8%), Muslim religion totaling 114 people (100%), long suffering from DM 1-5 years as many as 79 people (69.3%), did not have complications as many as 62 people (54.4%), low education (Not in School, Elementary School, Junior High School) as many as 79 people (69.3%), self-employed work as many as 57 people (50%), and income> Rp. 2. 500-000 - Rp 3,500.00 / month as many as 35 people (30.7%), moderate self-acceptance as many as 67 people (58.8%), good spirituality level as many as 86 people (75.4%), and high family support as many as 83 people (72.8%). The results of this study show that the factors that influence the anxiety of patients with diabetes mellitus are age, gender, religion, duration of DM, complications, education, occupation, income, self-acceptance, level of spirituality, family support.

In the management of Diabetes Mellitus, there are five pillars, one of which is the DM diet. Therefore, there needs to be dietary compliance in controlling blood sugar levels. Diet compliance is an important aspect for success in running and controlling sugar levels. Diet compliance of DM sufferers is greatly influenced by family support. Knowing the relationship between DM diet compliance and family support with blood glucose control in Diabetes Mellitus patients. This study uses a quantitative research type using a cross-sectional study. The sample of this study amounted to 48 respondents using the purposive sampling technique. Measuring dietary compliance and family support using a questionnaire, while measuring blood glucose levels using a blood sugar checker. The results of the Spearman test showed a relationship between DM diet compliance and blood glucose control with a p value of 0.001 with a correlation relationship of -0.461 and there was a relationship between family support for blood glucose control with a p value of 0.002 with a correlation relationship of 0.442. There is a relationship between DM diet compliance and family support with blood glucose control in Diabetes Mellitus patients.

Self-care is an individual's effort to manage their health condition, especially for people with diabetes mellitus, to keep blood sugar levels under control. One element that influences the effectiveness of self-care is family support. This support can take various forms, such as emotional support, practical assistance, information, and evaluative feedback. This study aims to explore the relationship between family support and self-care practices in elderly people with type 2 diabetes mellitus at the Kedungmundu Health Center. This study design is correlational with a cross-sectional approach. The sample taken consisted of 68 elderly people with type 2 DM who visited the Kedungmundu Health Center. The sample selection used a purposive sampling technique. The inclusion criteria involved outpatients who lived with their families. The instruments used in this study were a questionnaire about family support and SDSCA (Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities). To analyze the data, the chi-square test was used in bivariate analysis. The results showed that 60.3% of respondents received positive family support, while 48.5% of respondents showed good self-care practices. Further analysis showed a significant relationship between family support and self-care practices with a p value of 0.000 (p <0.05). Conclusion: Based on the results found, it can be concluded that family support plays an important role in improving the quality of self-care in elderly people with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Complication rates among patients with Type 2 DM are increasing and worsening due to their inability to implement self-care management. However, this cause can be minimized if patients have good knowledge, self-efficacy, and family support. The study used a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 147 respondents with type 2 diabetes in Bandarharjo Community Health Center Semarang, who were selected using purposive sampling technique. The test used was chi square test. The study showed that most respondents had low knowledge (47.6%), poor self efficacy (44.2%), adequate family support (49.7%) and good self care management (46.3%). The results showed a relationship between knowledge, self efficacy and family support on self care management in Type 2 DM patients at Bandarharjo Semarang Health Center (p<?). The results showed that there is a relationship between knowledge, self efficacy and family support on self care management in patients with Type 2 DM at Bandarharjo Community Health Center Semarang.

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus which is increasingly common is often accompanied by complications and psychological problems such as stress. The level of stress in diabetes patients can be influenced by family support which plays a crucial role in improving their quality of life. This study aims to examine the relationship between the level of family support and stress levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The method used in this study is a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional research design. A total of 132 type 2 DM patients registered at the Genuk Health Center, Semarang, were randomly selected as samples. Data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test, and the results showed a significant relationship between family support and patient stress levels (p-value = 0.047). This indicates that adequate family support plays an important role in reducing stress in type 2 diabetes patients.

Background : When insulin production drops too low, metabolic abnormalities in the pancreas cause hyperglycemia, or high blood sugar. This condition is known as diabetes mellitus (DM). Patients with diabetes mellitus will require care and support from their loved ones because of the disruption in their self-concept caused by the disease. It is our responsibility as nurses who provide care management to educate our patients and their loved ones about self-care actions they can take to control their blood sugar levels. Objectives: to determine demographic information (gender, age, occupation, education level), create a family care catalog for DM patients, create a self-efficacy catalog after family care, and analyze the relationship between family care and self-efficacy for DM patients. Methods: Cross-sectional research concept with total sampling technique, the number of respondents was 50 people with a questionnaire sheet instrument Results: There were 36 female respondents (72%) and 14 male respondents (28%). The age of the majority of respondents was 56-75 years, 31 people (62%). The highest level of respondent education was high school, 22 people (44%). The majority of respondents who are no longer working are 36 people (72%). The average respondent has suffered from DM for more than 5 years is 30 people (60%). Based on the analysis of family care and self-efficacy, 36 people received good and supportive family care, and 32 people also had high self-efficacy. This study shows the results of statistical tests with the chi-square test and obtained a p value of 0.000 or p <0.05 so that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. Conclusion: It can be concluded that there is a relationship between family care and self-efficacy of diabetes mellitus clients at Sayung 1 Health Center

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease in its treatment requires the ability to comply with the management recommended by the doctor. Diabetes mellitus treatment is influenced by the level of self-empowerment of each individual. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between self-empowerment and stress levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Method: This type of research is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional approach. The number of respondents in this study was 109 people, with a sampling technique using purposive sampling because not all samples had criteria that matched the researcher's assumptions. The data obtained were analyzed using the somers’d test. Results: Based on the results of the somers’d test, the results obtained were that the most respondents had high self-empowerment, as many as 53 respondents (48,6%). The highest stress level was in the mild stress category, as many as 53 respondents (48,6%). The results of the statistical test obtained a p value of 0.000 (<0,05), which means that there is a relationship between self-empowerment and stress levels and the correlation coefficient number is -0.746, which means that the relationship is very strong and the direction is negative (opposite). Conclusion: There is a perfect relationship between self-empowerment and stress levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) type 2 is a chronic disease that requires good self-care management to prevent complications and improve the sufferer's quality of life. Health literacy has an important role in understanding and managing this disease, so it can influence sufferers' ability to carry out effective self-care. So Health literacy and self care management are important factors in managing this disease. This research aims to determine the relationship between health literacy and self-care management and quality of life in people with type 2 DM. This type of research is quantitative using a cross-sectional approach. Sampling used purposive sampling with a sample size of 109. Data was obtained using a questionnaire and obtained using the gamma test and lambda test. Of the 109 respondents, it was found that there was a close relationship between health literacy and quality of life, with a value of p=0.0001 (<0.05) with an r value of 0.793 and there was a close relationship between self-care management and quality of life, a value of p=0.0001 (<0.05) with an r value of 0.744. It can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between health literacy and quality of life in type 2 DM sufferers and there is a significant relationship between self-care management and quality of life in type 2 DM patients.    

Diabetes mellitus is one of the chronic diseases whose prevalence is increasing worldwide. This disease is characterized by high blood glucose levels due to impaired insulin production or function, the hormone that regulates blood sugar levels. This study aims to examine the effect of wild betel leaf extract (Piper aduncum) on the inhibition of glucose transport using the ileum of white rats (Rattus norvegicus) with the infusion method. This research is a pre-experimental study with a posttest-only control design using white rats and wild betel leaves. The study demonstrates that wild betel leaves (Piper aduncum L.) and red betel leaves (Piper crocatum) have significant potential in inhibiting glucose transport and reducing blood sugar levels. This is evident from the significant decrease in the rate of glucose transport after the administration of wild betel leaf extract, indicating an inhibitory effect on glucose transporters such as SGLT-1 and GLUT-2.

Hypertension and diabetes mellitus are chronic diseases that are often not detected early due to the lack of public attention to health checks. Both diseases are known as “silent killers” because they often go unnoticed until they cause serious complications. Health screening activities were carried out in Tamparang Keke Village, Mamajang Subdistrict, Makassar City, focusing on blood pressure and blood sugar levels. Of the 27 residents examined, 8 had hypertension, 1 hypotension, and 8 had high blood sugar levels. It is recommended that residents regularly check their health, adopt a healthy diet, and exercise to reduce the risk of complications.

Degenerative diseases such as diabetes mellitus are related to eye health. This is because the blood vessels in the retina can be an indication when someone is experiencing a pathological abnormality. Zeaxanthine as a type of phytochemical which is included in the carotenoid group or derivative has a role in preventing eye damage, especially to the retina and several degenerative diseases. This research uses a literature review method by retrieving scientific articles online on trusted pages such as PubMed, Science Direct and Crossmark. The aim of this research is to determine the effect and benefits of consuming zeaxanthin either in the form of consuming food sources of zeaxanthin directly or through supplements on eye health and degenerative diseases. The results of this study show the positive role of zeaxanthin in maintaining eye health and preventing nearsightedness, retinal damage and cataracts. Meanwhile, the relationship between zeaxanthin intake and the prevention of degenerative diseases has been explained in all scientific articles used in this research. 

Background: Decubitus is a condition where external pressure causes local tissue damage or injury. It usually affects people with chronic illnesses who spend a lot of time in bed. Trauma and surgery can cause damage to the integrity of the skin, but long-term pressure on the skin can also cause irritation and the formation of decubitus, or pressure sores. People who have nerve damage from stroke, traumatic injury, diabetes or coma are also more likely to develop decubitus. However, decubitus of the back or spine still affects a large number of patients today. Objective: To determine the effect of back massage with virgin coconut oil on the risk of decubitus in stroke patients. Methods: The study used a type of quantitative research with an experimental one group pre-post test design. The sample consisted of 17 respondents. Sampling was determined using the Lemeshow formula technique. The data obtained was analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test. Results: In this study, significant results were obtained with a p value of 0.001 (p <0.5). This means that there is an effect of back massage with virgin coconut oil on the risk of decubitus in stroke patients.  Conclusion: There is an effect of back massage with virgin coconut oil on the risk of decubitus in stroke patients.

Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disease caused by problems in the body in producing insulin, insulin produced is lacking or nonexistent, or it can be due to the insulin receptor not functioning so that cells cannot receive glucose for metabolism (Black, M. J. & Hawks, 2014; Pranata, S & Khasanah, 2017). Diabetic wounds are caused by infection as a result of high blood glucose, thereby increasing bacterial proliferation, and added to the deficiency of the immune system which causes the wound inflammation period to last a long time. In addition, inappropriate treatment of diabetic wounds (ulcers) can worsen the condition of the wound (Ekaputra, 2013). Therefore, proper and optimal wound care is needed. The wound care method that is currently developing is moist wound healing, which is more effective than conventional methods because it is easy to install, can adjust to the shape of the wound, easy to remove, comfortable to wear, does not need to change dressings frequently, absorbs drainage, presses and immobilizes wounds, prevents new wounds from mechanical injury, prevents infection, improves hemostasis by pressing the dressing. Wound care procedures through Debridement and dressing. Wound debridement can accelerate healing by removing necrotic tissue, particulates, or foreign material, and reducing the bacterial load. The conventional method is to use a scalpel and cut away all unwanted tissue including callus and eschar. Saline-moistened (wet-to-dry) gauze dressings; moisture-retaining dressings (hydrogels, hydrocolloids, hydrofibers, transparent films and alginates) that provide physical and autolytic debridement respectively; and antiseptic dressings (silver dressings, cadexomer). Newer advanced dressings are being studied, such as Vulnamin gel made from amino acids and hyaluronic acid used in conjunction with elastic compression have shown positive results.

Background: Diabetes mellitus type 2  is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia and endocrine dysfunction, including disturbances in luteinizing hormone, testosterone, and insulin levels. Moringa pterygosperma, known for its antidiabetic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties, has been explored for its therapeutic potential in mitigating diabetes-induced complications.Objective: The present study aimed to estimate the effects of Moringa pterygosperma extraction on endocrine and metabolic parameters against the diabetic rats induced by alloxan, by the mensurate the on LH, testosterone, glucose, and insulin levels.Methods: Forty adult male albino Wistar rats were used in the present study which was divided into four equal groups: Control, Negative Control, Treatment one which used 100 mg/kg extract, and Treatment two which used 200 mg/kg extract). Diabetes was induced with alloxan monohydrate (100 mg/kg). After 41 days, serum samples were analyzed for testosterone, LH, glucose, and insulin concentrations. Results: The NC group showed significant reductions in testosterone (0.0926 ± 0.0081 ng/mL) and insulin (0.560 ± 0.09274 µIU/mL) levels, with increased luteinizing hormone (0.592 ± 0.03 ng/mL) and glucose (464.6 ± 18.71 mg/dL) concentrations, indicating severe endocrine and metabolic disruptions. Treatment with Moringa pterygosperma extract significantly improved these parameters in a dose-dependent manner. The T2 group exhibited near-normal levels of testosterone (0.1769 ± 0.01 ng/mL), insulin (2.140 ± 0.1435 µIU/mL), LH (0.3163 ± 0.063 ng/mL), and glucose (105.8 ± 9.34 mg/dL).