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Hypertension is a growing epidemic in the United States, with more than 40% of adults aged 45-64 years and more than 70% of adults aged 65 years and older diagnosed with this condition. Hyperglycemia and high cholesterol contribute to damage to blood vessel walls which triggers hypertension. Physical damage due to hypertension is cumulative, so compliance with treatment is the key to preventing serious illnesses such as end-stage kidney disease. In an effort to improve self-management of elderly people with hypertension, health education activities were carried out at the Wesabbe Complex, working area of ​​the Tamalanrea Community Health Center, Makassar, involving 30 participants. The activity lasted for two days and included lectures, discussions, distribution of leaflets, and blood pressure checks. The results showed an increase in self-management, where before the activity, 66.7% of participants had poor self-management, but after education, 86.7% of participants showed a significant increase in self-management. The evaluation showed an increase in participants' knowledge in hypertension management, including the ability to control blood pressure and recognize signs of increased blood pressure. Conclusion: Health education has proven effective in improving self-management of elderly people with hypertension, which has an impact on increasing their ability to control blood pressure and make health decisions independently. It is recommended that more adequate facilities and infrastructure be provided to support activities to improve public health in the Wesabbe Complex in the Tamalanrea Makassar Health Center Working Area.

Self-management refers to an individual's ability to control aspects of himself, including physical, emotional, mental, and behavioral. Adherence to medication in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients is essential because, if not done regularly, it can cause drug resistance, recurrence of the disease, and even death. This study aims to determine the relationship between self-management and medication adherence in Pulmonary Tuberculosis patients at the Sukarahayu Health Center. This research is a type of quantitative research; the research design uses cross-sectional. The sample in this study consisted of 67 respondents, and the sampling technique used was accidental sampling. Data collection used a questionnaire on self-care activities and medication adherence, and data analysis was conducted using the Spearman rank test.The results of the study showed that most respondents had good self-management which was 80.6%, and some respondents had very compliant medication adherence, which was 85.1%. Statistical tests showed a relationship between the self-management variable and medication adherence (p-value 0.001). Conclusion: There is a relationship between self-management and medication adherence in Pulmonary Tuberculosis patients at the Sukarahayu Health Center, Subang Regency. It is hoped that researchers can further explore appropriate efforts or actions for adherence to taking pulmonary tuberculosis drugs.

This study explores the pharmaceutical supply chain management of the National Formulary at RSUP Dr. Sitanala in Tangerang City, aiming to identify obstacles to drug availability and formulate effective and efficient solutions. Acknowledging quality healthcare as a fundamental human right and a critical investment for a nation's future, this research emphasizes the importance of high-quality healthcare services. These services encompass not only treatment but also health promotion and disease prevention through the adoption of clean and healthy living habits. Drug availability is a major pillar in the provision of quality healthcare services. Effective and efficient management of the pharmaceutical supply chain, particularly regarding National Formulary drugs, is crucial in ensuring the availability of medications at healthcare facilities. This research employs a comprehensive analysis of the supply chain processes at RSUP Dr. Sitanala, examining stages such as drug selection, demand planning, procurement, receipt, storage, distribution, drug control, therapy monitoring, prescription preparation, drug dispensation, and medication administration. The study's methodology involves a case study approach, integrating theoretical management principles and interdisciplinary pharmacy management with compliance to regulations, as outlined in Permenkes No. 76 of 2016. Findings from RSUP Dr. Sitanala indicate that the hospital's pharmaceutical management practices align with contemporary health and pharmacy management theories, emphasizing structured systems, stringent verification, and effective interprofessional communication to ensure medication safety and efficacy. The study identifies challenges in information technology and interdisciplinary coordination as areas needing improvement. Nonetheless, a commitment to continuous improvement and adherence to regulatory standards reflects RSUP Dr. Sitanala's dedication to enhancing the quality of pharmaceutical management and healthcare services. The implications of this research extend beyond RSUP Dr. Sitanala, offering valuable recommendations for improving drug supply chain management in other healthcare institutions in Indonesia. By enhancing access to and the quality of healthcare services, this study contributes to the broader goal of achieving the highest possible level of health for individuals, reflecting the perspective of human rights and investment in the nation's future health.    

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global public health threat, and around 90% of all patients suffering from DM throughout the world are type 2 DM. Non-compliance related to Diabetes Mellitus is something that is a problem that should be avoided. This study aims to determine the level of patient compliance with the use of antidiabetic drugs at the Cidemp Indramayu Community Health Center, and to determine the relationship between the level of compliance of Diabetes Mellitus patients with blood glucose levels (fasting and while) at the Cidemp Indramayu Community Health Center. This research is a type of analytical observational research with a research design. cross-sectional. Data analysis in this study used SPSS version 23 software. The results showed that the majority of respondents fell into the "compliant" category, 20 respondents (62.5%) compared to "non-compliant" 12 respondents (37.5%). In addition, when checking blood glucose levels it was found that 62.5% of "compliant" patients had controlled fasting blood glucose levels, while only 28.1% of "compliant" patients had uncontrolled fasting blood glucose levels. Regarding the relationship between the level of absolute compliance with fasting blood glucose levels (P= 0.005), the results of compliance with glucose levels when controlled were (0.003). Keywords: diabetes mellitus, patient compliance, blood glucose levels.    

Environmental pollution is one of the most important problems that can prevent achieving environmental sustainability. Therefore, most countries have resorted to adopting mechanisms to preserve the environment, and green auditing is one of the most important means and mechanisms that can be exploited to activate and achieve sustainable development in general and environmental sustainability in particular. This study aims to clarify the role of green auditing in achieving environmental sustainability, and this is through identifying the concept of green auditing and its types, addressing the concept of environmental sustainability, and highlighting the role of green auditing in achieving it. The study found that green auditing has an effective role in achieving environmental sustainability by improving sustainable environmental performance and controlling environmental risks (reducing judicial issues and penalties associated with non-compliance with laws related to environmental protection).  

Poor fluid management among hemodialysis patients can lead to detrimental outcomes such as high Interdialytic Weight Gain (IDWG), contributing to increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. While conventional education on fluid restriction exists in hospitals, non-compliance remains prevalent, highlighting the need for educational approaches grounded in self-efficacy theory to enhance patients' self-confidence in self-management. This study aimed to assess the impact of educational interventions based on self-efficacy theory on IDWG in hemodialysis patients at Malahayati Islamic Hospital. Using a quantitative quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control group design, the study included a total of 68 participants selected through purposive sampling. Statistical analysis revealed a significant difference (p < 0.05) in IDWG scores between the intervention and control groups post-intervention, indicating the effectiveness of self-efficacy-based education in improving compliance with fluid intake restrictions among chronic kidney failure patients undergoing hemodialysis.      

Counseling with media can arouse and bring pregnant women into an atmosphere of joy and happiness, where there is emotional and mental involvement. The effectiveness of using counseling media is largely determined by the number of senses involved. The more senses used, the easier it is to understand the counseling message. This study aims to analyze the effect of counseling using audiovisual media on compliance with iron tablet consumption behavior in pregnant women in Bangun Rejo Village, Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra Province in 2024. This type of research is an intervention study using a true experimental research design. The design of this study is a pre-test and post-test with control group design. A pre-test was carried out, then an intervention was carried out on the experimental group and the control group, then a post-test was carried out on the experimental group and the control group with a time gap of two weeks. With a sample size of 32 pregnant women in the third trimester using the Wilcoxon test. The results showed an increase in compliance in the counseling group using audiovisual media was greater, namely 43.73 compared to the counseling group that did not use audiovisual media, namely 31.60. The data were then analyzed using an independent t-test with computer software and produced a p-value of 0.000 <0.05. Conclusion: Counseling using audiovisual media can increase compliance in consuming iron tablets compared to counseling alone without using media.

Background: Breast cancer ranks first as the most common type of cancer suffered by women. Patient compliance is needed in chemotherapy treatment. Self-efficacy plays an important role in motivating breast cancer patients to believe in their ability to carry out chemotherapy. This study aims to determine the relationship between health locus of control and self-management in breast cancer patients. Methods: Research design was correlation analysis with a cross-sectional design. This research involved 45 samples selected using a purposive sampling technique. Data collection used a general self-efficacy questionnaire and an adherence questionnaire, data analysis consisted of univariate and bivariate analysis with the Spearman Rank test. Results: This research shows that the self-efficacy of breast cancer patients was mostly high, namely 19 people (42.2%). Most people adhered to chemotherapy, namely 21 people (46.7%). The Spearman Rank test results obtained p value = 0.000 (<0.05) indicating that there was a relationship between self-efficacy and compliance with chemotherapy for breast cancer patients. Conclusion: self-efficacy is significantly related to compliance with chemotherapy for breast cancer patients. It is recommended that chemotherapy officers provide interventions involving the health team to provide education about the importance of self-efficacy in breast cancer patients to improve patient preparation and anticipate the effects of chemotherapy.

Employee attendance information systems are an important component in human resource (HR) management in various organizations. Auditing attendance system information is necessary to ensure that the system runs effectively and efficiently, and complies with applicable regulations and policies. COBIT 4.1 (Control Objectives for Information and Associated Technologies) is an audit framework that can be used to deploy attendance information systems. This research aims to conduct an audit of the employee attendance information system using the COBIT 4 framework. This audit was carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of internal control, compliance with regulations, and operational efficiency of the employee attendance information system at XYZ company. The research method used is a combination of qualitative and quantitative, including interviews, observation and testing. The research results show that in general the employee attendance information system has been running well, but there are still several findings related to control and compliance weaknesses that need to be improved. The recommendations provided include improving access rights management, monitoring activities, as well as improving procedures and documentation.  

Compliance with regular use of asthma control drugs is still low, which can increase morbidity and mortality rates. One factor that influences compliance is knowledge. Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways that involves many cells and elements. The aim of this research is to determine the level of compliance with the use of the drug Symbicort 160 Micrograms in asthma patients at the outpatient pharmacy installation at Dokter Hafiz Cianjur Hospital. This research uses descriptive research methods with a quantitative approach. Research sampling was carried out using a total sampling technique using the time limited sampling method, namely all patients suffering from asthma who met the inclusion criteria of the study and entered the specified research time period, namely 1 May-31 July 2023. The number of respondents was 52 people, 43 people were selected. because there are several factors, namely age. The instrument used in this research was the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS) questionnaire. Of the 43 respondents, 22 (51.16%) respondents had a high level of compliance, 20 (46.51%) respondents had a medium level of compliance, and 1 (2.33%) respondent had a low level of compliance. The compliance level of most patients using Symbicort 160 Microgram medication is at a high level, namely 22 respondents (51.16%) indicating a good understanding and commitment to asthma treatment. The conclusion of this study is that the level of compliance with the use of Symbicort 160 Microgram medication in asthma patients shows that the level of compliance of most patients using Symbicort 160 Microgram medication is at a high level, namely 22 respondents (51.16%) indicating a good understanding and commitment to asthma treatment.

Caring is an important aspect that must be carried out by a nurse in the practice of providing nursing care. In general, caring is defined as an ability to be dedicated to others, to provide supervision by showing attention, feelings of empathy for others, feelings of love and love that must be done in providing nursing care. The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not there is a relationship between the caring attitude of nurses towards compliance with treatment control of pulmonary TB patients. This study is a quantitative study with a cross sectional approach. This sampling technique uses purposive sampling. Statistical test analysis used is chi-square using SPSS computer program. Results: The results of the bivariate test obtained a p-value of 0.033 is smaller than 0.05, which means that there is a relationship between the caring attitude of nurses towards compliance with treatment control of pulmonary TB patients. There is a relationship between the caring attitude of nurses towards compliance with treatment control of pulmonary TB patients.

This research aims to analyze the use of Internet of Things (IoT) technology in the marketing strategy of the oil and gas industry in Indonesia, with a focus on aspects of compliance with applicable oil and gas laws and regulations. The use of IoT technology has brought significant changes in various industries, and the oil and gas sector is no exception. In this context, this research will investigate how IoT technology can be used in oil and gas marketing strategies to improve operational efficiency, supervision, and compliance with oil and gas law regulations in Indonesia. The importance of compliance with oil and gas law regulations cannot be separated from the broader legal framework, namely the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia (UUD 1945). The 1945 a Constitution is the Indonesian constitution which establishes the basic principles of the state, including the management of natural resources, including oil and gas, which are in the national interest. In this research, the use of IoT technology in oil and gas marketing strategies will be analyzed by considering the perspective of compliance with applicable oil and gas law regulations, which are part of the legal framework regulated by the 1945 Constitution and support state sovereignty in managing natural resources. Through literature analysis and case studies of the oil and gas industry in Indonesia, this research aims to provide a deeper understanding of the potential use of IoT technology in the oil and gas industry in Indonesia and its implications for compliance with oil and gas law regulations. It is hoped that the results of this research will provide valuable information for oil and gas companies, regulators, and other stakeholders in formulating effective marketing strategies and complying with applicable regulations. In addition, this research also has the potential to become the basis for further research in this field. By understanding and applying IoT concepts in oil and gas marketing strategies that comply with oil and gas law regulations and the principles set out in the 1945 Constitution, a more efficient, controlled, and sustainable oil and gas industry can be created in Indonesia.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of strategic management and risk management at Bank Mandiri Syariah (BMS) and its impact on the bank's performance and stability. This research adopts a qualitative approach by utilizing data from previous studies related to the research topic. The findings of this study indicate that BMS has implemented strong risk management practices, including risk identification, measurement, monitoring, and control. Additionally, strategic management plays a role in determining the direction of the bank and ensuring compliance with Sharia principles. The study concludes that the integration of strategic management and risk management is crucial for BMS to maintain its competitiveness and sustain growth in the dynamic Islamic banking industry.

Examination of the internal audit function in an effort to identify and stop accounting irregularities (fraud). The purpose of this research is to evaluate the internal audit function in the company's efforts to stop and identify trends in accounting fraud. This research is qualitative in nature and uses a literature review methodology. Secondary data that has been processed to create a picture of research difficulties is used in this research. Internal auditors can conduct assessments and examinations pertaining to the internal control system that a company has installed, based on the findings of research study. Internal auditors, by gaining an awareness of the extent of the organization's overall internal control, can help to ensure that all plans and agendas are carried out in compliance with the company's stated objectives.

This study aims to analyze the influence of human resource (HR) quality on the implementation of internal control systems at PT. Avia Avian. The background of this study is based on the importance of the role of quality HR in supporting the effectiveness of the implementation of internal control systems in companies. An effective internal control system is essential to maintain integrity, efficiency, and compliance with applicable regulations. The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze how HR quality can affect the implementation of internal control systems in companies. The method used in this study is a quantitative approach using a survey of employees in various departments of PT. Avia Avian. The data obtained were analyzed using regression techniques to examine the relationship between HR quality variables and internal control systems. The findings of the study indicate that there is a significant influence between HR quality and the implementation of internal control systems, where the better the quality of HR, the more effective the implementation of internal control systems. The implication of this study is that companies need to pay attention to improving HR quality as a strategic step to strengthen the existing internal control system, which in turn can improve the company's performance and compliance with established standards.Additionally, this research shows that continuous training and employee competency development can strengthen HR quality, which in turn contributes to the effectiveness of the internal control system. Companies that invest in improving HR quality will not only benefit in terms of compliance with regulations but also in enhancing operational efficiency and risk management. Therefore, it is crucial for the management of PT. Avia Avian to continue focusing on HR development to ensure the smooth implementation of internal control systems in accordance with applicable standards. This research contributes to the literature on risk management and internal control by highlighting the crucial role of HR quality in the success of internal control systems.

The rapid evolution of smart cities, driven by the integration of technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain, has brought about significant advancements in urban infrastructure and services. However, these developments also introduce new cybersecurity challenges. Introduction: Smart cities are increasingly vulnerable to cyber threats due to the extensive use of interconnected devices and systems. A key security concern is the management of digital identities, which is essential for maintaining the integrity and reliability of city services. Literature Review: Traditional centralized identity management systems face significant security issues, including a single point of failure, data breaches, and limited user control over personal information. In contrast, decentralized solutions, particularly blockchain-based systems, offer enhanced security through their distributed nature, eliminating vulnerabilities associated with centralized models. Materials and Method: This research focuses on blockchain technology’s application in smart city identity management. A decentralized framework is proposed, leveraging cryptographic techniques, consensus mechanisms, and smart contracts to ensure data security, integrity, and privacy. Results and Discussion: The implementation of blockchain for identity management significantly improves attack tolerance, data integrity, and transparency. The decentralized approach mitigates the risks associated with central authorities, ensuring that user data remains secure and verifiable. However, scalability, interoperability, and regulatory compliance challenges remain. Blockchain solutions must be optimized for large-scale smart city applications and aligned with legal standards to achieve widespread adoption. Future research should focus on overcoming these challenges to create a more secure and resilient smart city infrastructure.

The background of this thesis is based on the role of pretrial which functions as a social control mechanism, its implementation in Indonesia still often experiences violations. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out an in-depth analysis to identify the causes of these violations and find solutions to increase the effectiveness of pre-trials in protecting the rights of individuals who are disadvantaged in the application of criminal law in Indonesia. The problem formulation for this thesis is How pre-trial arrangements are made in positive law in Indonesia ? and What is the function and role of pretrial in criminal law enforcement in Indonesia? The research method for this thesis is Normative Juridical where the author examines phenomena related to Pre-Trial from the aspects of Legislation and Legal Principles. The results of this thesis research are that pretrial arrangements in the criminal justice system in Indonesia are regulated in Law No. 8 of 1981 concerning the Criminal Procedure Code. Pretrial, in accordance with Article 1 point (10) in conjunction with Article 77 of the Criminal Procedure Code, is the authority of the district court to examine and decide on several matters, including whether or not an arrest and detention is legal, the termination of an investigation or prosecution, as well as requests for compensation or rehabilitation. Pretrial has an important role in maintaining the balance of law enforcement powers and individual rights in enforcing criminal law. Its main function is to control law enforcement actions and procedures, ensuring justice and compliance with applicable laws. Pretrial is also closely related to the principle of Habeas Corpus which guarantees that a person must not be detained without a valid reason and must be immediately brought to justice. Through pretrial proceedings, individuals can protect themselves from arbitrary actions by law enforcement and seek redress if their rights are violated. Pretrial and the principle of Habeas Corpus together form an important part of the criminal law system in Indonesia which focuses on justice and the protection of human rights.    

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the Regional Revenue Agency (Bapenda) in collecting hotel taxes in Dumai City. Using a qualitative approach with a case study method, this study explores the factors influencing the effectiveness of tax collection and the obstacles encountered. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation, which were then analyzed using thematic analysis. The results indicate that although the objectives of tax collection have been clearly defined and provide benefits for regional development, several obstacles still hinder the achievement of the expected targets. The main obstacles include a lack of coordination between relevant parties, immature planning, and policies that are not yet fully effective. In addition, bad debts on hotel taxes are a major challenge that affects the effectiveness of tax collection. This study also found that a broad socialization strategy and the provision of adequate infrastructure have helped increase taxpayer awareness and compliance. However, supervision and control need to be improved to prevent irregularities and ensure taxpayer compliance. By improving coordination, more detailed planning, data-driven policies, more intensive education, the use of information technology, and stricter supervision, it is hoped that the effectiveness of hotel tax collection can be significantly improved. This research provides an important contribution to the Dumai City Bapenda and other local governments in their efforts to improve the effectiveness of regional tax collection. It is hoped that the recommendations provided can be implemented to overcome existing obstacles and increase regional original income (PAD) in a sustainable manner.

Diabetes Mellitus is a disease characterized by blood glucose levels above 90-120 mg/dl. A person suffering from Diabetes Mellitus must carry out routine control for the rest of his life to control blood sugar and prevent complications. Family support is important during the treatment period. One form of support is giving motivation to comply with routine controls. The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between family support and adherence to routine control of DM sufferers at the Kalibagor Health Center. The research method is descriptive correlation (cross sectional) and uses a non-probability sampling technique (total sampling) with 45 respondents participating in prolanis activities. This study used a questionnaire in the form of family support. Using the Spearman rank test, the results of the study included good family support of 88.9%  and adherence to routine control of 88.9%. Spearman rank test results with a p-value = 0.000 (p <0.05) with a moderate level of closeness (R = 0.550), which means that there is a significant relationship between family support and compliance with routine control of diabetes mellitus patients at the Kalibagor Health Center. So, it is suggested that respondents adhere to routine control with the help of family support to avoid complications caused by diabetes mellitus. The better the family support, the more obedient the patient is to carry out routine controls.

This research focuses on providing information regarding transparency and accountability in regional financial management in Deli Serdang Regency in 2022. This research aims to find out how transparent and accountable regional financial management is in Deli Serdang Regency in 2022, as well as to provide a clear picture of management practices regional finance. The research results show that although there have been efforts to increase transparency by providing access to information through websites. Therefore, this research provides recommendations for improving regional financial management practices that are more transparent and accountable, as well as increasing community participation in monitoring regional financial management.