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The development of the era of economic and financial digitalization is developing so rapidly, that the purpose of this writing is to find out how the relationship between the time value of the rupiah influences over time. In addition, of course, the development of the era of economic and financial digitalization has had an impact on Indonesia's progress. Often companies have confusion in investing in securities, in this article the author wants to further discuss the role of the money supply and the time value of money in investing in securities. Of course, in making an investment decision, a company must carry out financial analysis related to stocks, bonds and capital markets. The method used is qualitative by collecting, analyzing and processing data from accurate and reliable sources such as books, journals and government websites. The results of this study indicate that by analyzing the money supply and the time value of money, it will influence companies in making investment decisions on securities using fundamental analysis.

Trade is a very promising livelihood. Where in addition to the community, there are also relatively many supporters of the trade process, trade itself is a livelihood that can promise high levels of prosperity by business actors. It's just that the problem in a competition is what is called fair competition or unhealthy competition. Here it is clear that the problem is unhealthy competition where there is a lot of competition. deviation where the deviation causes one of the parties to be harmed. One example of a case of unfair business competition is the Cartel Agreement as a Form of Unfair Business Competition in the Case of PT. Yamaha Indonesia Motor Manufacturing and PT. Astra Honda Motor. Unfair business competition can result in a party losing money and can damage the smooth progress of the local and world economy. Therefore, before it's too late to overcome unfair business competition, we must prevent that from happening. If it is proven that the business actor committed fraud in business competition, namely carrying out prohibited activities which resulted in monopolistic practices and or unfair business competition, then the sanction that will be obtained can be in the form of administrative action.

In the current era of globalization, the progress of technology and information development occurs very quickly. Developments in the transportation sector have experienced significant changes with the presence of online transportation services in the form of an application. Online transportation service applications are very easy to use which has an impact on other transportation services. Therefore, the purpose of this discussion is carried out in order to find out how business competition lies therein, including between online transportation service business actors and ordinary (conventional) transportation businesses. Some online transportation service providers in Indonesia include Uber, Grab, Go-jek, In-driver, and others. The services provided by online transportation services are not only in the form of transportation services, but offer food delivery services, online shopping services, and services to deliver packages. Business competition between online transportation services and (conventional) transportation services causes unfair business competition. In this research, the author uses a qualitative research type because the author discusses the business competition between the two by conducting an analysis. The research approach used by the author in this journal is to use a statutory approach.

The study serves three purposes. First, it explains the strategy and the impact the education organization has on the quality of the study at SMAN 103 Jakarta. Second, explain the comparative learning pattern before and when the pandemic. Third, explaining the direction of progress in SMAN 103 Jakarta. Generally, each institution of education has an organization that functions as a service management to the community, especially learners. In the improvement of the learning at sman 103 Djakarta, all teachers, leaders and school committees are united to promote learning that pursues excellence but prioritizes character and morality and that seeks high grades but puts honesty first. The study employs a qualitative approach with case study methods, the research data obtained using interviews, observation and documentation. Next, the data analysis technique used in the study is the presentation of data and the deduction deduction. The data that is presented is the result of direct observation of the school where the writer intended. Therefore, it is clear that there is an improvement in the learning at SMAN 103 Jakarta, which will then serve as a benchmark for all parties to play a role in the education organization to improve the quality of learning.

Performance appraisal aims to determine progress and to increase the trust of external parties. There are two types of assessment of company performance, namely the assessment of financial performance and non-financial performance. Financial performance is an analysis carried out to see how far a company has carried out by using the rules of financial implementation properly and correctly. The research methodology used is based on data and data sources, data collection methods, operational definitions, and analytical methods. The analytical method used is financial ratio analysis which is a form of quantitative analysis. In 2020, the current ratio, quick ratio and cash ratio are respectively 115%, 66% and 52% and in 2021 they are 113%, 64% and 53%. The cash turnover ratios in 2020 and 2021 are 2 times and 4 times. Debt to Asset Ratio in 2020 and 2021 is 46% and 41%. Working capital turnover for 2020 and 2021 is 2 times and 4 times. Fixed asset turnover for 2020 and 2021 is 0.23 times, and 0.28 times. Meanwhile, total asset turnover for 2020 and 2021 is 0.12 times and 0.16 times. The net profit margin in 2020 and 2021 is 37% and 35%. After conducting research on the performance of the BRI Simpang Rimbo Besar Unit, it can be concluded that the performance of the BRI Simpang Rimbo Besar Unit for the periods of 2020 and 2021 from a liquidity standpoint is quite good as well as from a solvency perspective. is good enough. However, in terms of activity and profitability, the performance of BRI Simpang Rimbo Unit is not good. For this reason, the authors suggest that the BRI Simpang Rimbo Besar Unit further improve promotions and service levels to attract potential customers

The development and progress of tourist attractions, in this case a tourist village, are largely determined by the readiness of their human resources, especially tour guides, especially from a technical point of view. Guides, from a technical and communication point of view, are increasingly able to captivate visitors, making them feel at home more and more. In addition, tourism product marketing that has not been maximized, especially the promotion of tourism products through digital media, has slightly hampered the introduction of tourism village products where the role of digital marketing is so important, especially those based on the web and social media. Recognizing such a mindset, the solution offered is to hold education and training (training) along with mentoring for tourism HR in the Tunjungan Tourism Village. Provision and capacity building according to the Indonesian National Work Competency Standards (SKKNI) absolutely must be provided, covering knowledge, skills, and attitude. As well as being given knowledge about the basics of excellent service and tour guides. Tunjungan Tourism Village Community Empowerment Through Technical Guidance Capacity building and Capability of Tourism human resources, which has been implemented, has resulted in the participation of participants (the target audience) who expressed satisfaction and enthusiasm. Participants (the target audience) also hope that in the following year there will be ongoing activities to increase knowledge, skills, and attitudes for tourism HR in the Tunjungan Tourism Village.

Seeing the root of the problem of student independence during the Covid-19 pandemic, implementing the effectiveness of learning with the Seven Jumps model assisted by the whatsapp group during the Covid-19 Pandemic is the aim of this research. This type of research approach is a qualitative and quantitative experiment carried out online with the Seven Jumps learning model assisted by WhatsApp groups. Data was collected by questionnaires, observation sheets and tests. Valid device tests come from expert perceptions, test the effectiveness of learning with statistical tests of the effect of regression and comparative t tests. The results showed that the root problems and constraints for student independence in utilizing information technology to achieve the expected competencies were: low self-motivation to learn, self-assessment ability, self-discipline, self-control, responsibility, pattern-learning ability, self-reliance in designing appropriate learning objectives, design implementation strategies, monitoring the progress of learning outcomes, coordination of learning methods, and the need for guidance in finding learning resources, implementing independent learning with the Seven Jumps model assisted by the whatsapp group is effective. This is indicated by: a) there is a positive influence of independent learning on problem solving ability of 60.8%, b) The gain test to measure the effectiveness of the pretest and posttest is 0.52 in the medium category and the effectiveness is sufficient. The Seven Jumps method can be implemented boldly during the Covid-19 Pandemic.  

Seeing the root of the problem of student independence during the Covid-19 pandemic, implementing the effectiveness of learning with the Seven Jumps model assisted by the whatsapp group during the Covid-19 Pandemic is the aim of this research. This type of research approach is a qualitative and quantitative experiment carried out online with the Seven Jumps learning model assisted by WhatsApp groups. Data was collected by questionnaires, observation sheets and tests. Valid device tests come from expert perceptions, test the effectiveness of learning with statistical tests of the effect of regression and comparative t tests. The results showed that the root problems and constraints for student independence in utilizing information technology to achieve the expected competencies were: low self-motivation to learn, self-assessment ability, self-discipline, self-control, responsibility, pattern-learning ability, self-reliance in designing appropriate learning objectives, design implementation strategies, monitoring the progress of learning outcomes, coordination of learning methods, and the need for guidance in finding learning resources, implementing independent learning with the Seven Jumps model assisted by the whatsapp group is effective. This is indicated by: a) there is a positive influence of independent learning on problem solving ability of 60.8%, b) The gain test to measure the effectiveness of the pretest and posttest is 0.52 in the medium category and the effectiveness is sufficient. The Seven Jumps method can be implemented boldly during the Covid-19 Pandemic.  

Globalization is the result of technological progress and innovation. Advances in technology have opened the door for increasing the volume of international trade through globalization. With such developing technology, it has made international transactions an easier and faster process for all countries to use. This is unavoidable because countries often have their own environment, so that globalization in this case has implications for expansion beyond national borders. The method of writing literature review articles is the library research method which originates from online media such as Google Scholar, Mendeley and other academic online media. Through this article, the author will reveal the influence of globalization on the Indonesian economic sector. The results confirm that an unbalanced reliance on careless international transactions can threaten local businesses, but also support Indonesian products that are known in other countries. This study shows that globalization in general has a very large positive impact on Indonesia, but the government as a whole must be aware of the negative impacts that can cause losses to local businesses due to globalization.

The company is a form of body or organization that was founded by a person or group. The company's activity is to carry out production which is then distributed in order to meet economic needs. companies in carrying out their operations require substantial funding, therefore the company needs to know the development of its business from time to time so that it can be known whether the company is experiencing progress or setbacks. To be able to find out about this, the owner of the company can look through the accountability report of the company's leadership in the form of financial reports. One of the company's financial reports is the cash flow statement. Cash presents systematically information about cash receipts and disbursements during a certain period. In the statement of cash flows, cash receipts and disbursements are classified according to operations, financing activities and investing. performance.  

Business identity is an important component for business progress. Many micro MSME actors underestimate the existence of a business identity. The existence of a business identity, indirectly the customer's business has a characteristic or differentiator with similar competitors' business products. In addition, having a business identity can indirectly promote and introduce products widely more quickly. During this assistance, micro, small and medium businesses are given knowledge about the importance of business identity and how to have a good and attractive business identity. This mentoring activity lasts for about 4 months and aims to develop micro businesses so that they can progress and develop. This activity was carried out in Jorong Uba, Tilatang Kamang District, the participants consisted of 2 people and 1 mentor who was experienced in their field. This series of mentoring activities will close with practice and creation of business identities for micro, small and medium businesses in Jorong Uba, Tilatang Kamang District.   Keywords:,,,

History of the Development of Philosophy We can conclude that Philosophy, as a scientific discipline that questions the nature of existence, knowledge, values, and reality, has gone through a long journey and is full of revolutionary thoughts throughout human history. The development of this philosophy not only reflects changes in human views of the world, but also emerges as a response to intellectual challenges, social changes, and scientific developments that have occurred from time to time. The earliest period in the history of the development of philosophy is the philosophy of ancient Greece. In ancient Greece, philosophers such as Thales, Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle introduced fundamental questions about the universe, ethics, politics, and knowledge. They try to understand the universe and human place in it through reason and reason. After the Greek classical period, philosophy underwent changes during the medieval period. During this time, Patristic and Scholastic philosophy became dominant. Patristic philosophy is closely related to early Christian thought and the influence of Church Fathers such as St. Augustine. At the same time, Scholastic philosophy, influenced by the work of Aristotle, attempted to integrate philosophy with Christian theology. The next period in the history of philosophy is the Age of Enlightenment, during which philosophy underwent major shifts. Philosophers such as Descartes, Kant, and Voltaire advocated ideas of rationality, freedom, and scientific progress. They challenge traditional dogma and authority and advance knowledge through rational thinking and the scientific method. The development of modern philosophy also includes schools such as German idealism led by figures such as Kant, Hegel, and Schopenhauer. They focus on thinking about consciousness, ideals, and oneness in search of an understanding of reality. In the 19th and early 20th centuries, important schools such as empiricism and utilitarianism emerged. Philosophers such as John Locke, David Hume, and Jeremy Bentham stressed the importance of experience and utility as the foundations of knowledge and ethics. Then, pragmatism and the analytic school, pioneered by figures such as William James, Bertrand Russell, and Ludwig Wittgenstein, put forward the practical use of knowledge and language in achieving a better understanding. Contemporary philosophy involves various schools of thought. Schools such as phenomenology (Husserl), existentialism (Sartre, Camus), hermeneutics (Gadamer, Ricoeur), and structure.      

Technological developments that are developing rapidly at this time can be one way to overcome the problem of marketing MSME products by selling online. However, there are still many MSEs who have not been able to optimize technological progress as a role in digital marketing. The purpose of this Community Service is to provide assistance in the use of social media as a means of promotional media. By adding promotions on social media, it is hoped that the products produced will be known to a wider public, and can increase income. With existing social media, both via Facebook, Whats App and also Instagram, it is hoped that it will add to the existing market share and expand its market share.

Credit Guarantee in the Syndicated Bank Credit Agreement is the most important guarantee in the Syndicated Credit Agreement which is the main discussion in this Legal Writing. The method that the author uses in this legal research is normative juridical, where the documents used as guidelines in the preparation are primary legal documents and secondary legal documents. The Credit Guarantee in the Syndicated Credit Agreement that I will use is a credit guarantee with concession rights which includes toll road concession revenues, escrow accounts, and insurance claims. The Credit Guarantee is important to cover or guarantee the Creditors in the Syndicated Bank in the event of a default or bad credit or default from the Debtor. Collateral as regulated in Law number 7 of 1992 concerning Banking as amended by Law number 10 of 1998 concerning Amendments to Law number 7 of 1992 concerning Banking, guarantee is defined as "faith in faith and ability and ability of the customer or debtor to pay off the debt or return the financing as agreed. Credit guarantees (debts) as regulated in article 1131 of the Civil Code are "all objects of the debtor, both movable and immovable, both existing and those that will exist in the future, become dependents for all individual engagements". The credit guarantee that will be discussed in this legal writing is the credit guarantee in the Syndicate Credit Agreement or syndicate loan in the form of concessions. Concession is the granting of rights, permits, or land by the Government, companies, individuals, or other legal entities. The granting of concession rights is generally applied to the development of partnerships between the government and the private sector. Syndicated credit is one of the types of credit, but the difference in Syndicated Loans is related to the number of creditors. In the Syndicated Credit Agreement, the creditor is more than one creditor. The discussion of Syndicated Credit Guarantee that will be discussed in this legal writing is the Credit Guarantee in the Syndicated Credit Agreement between PT. JJP with PT. BNI Bank, PT. Bank Mandiri, PT. Bank BRI and PT. Bank BPD Central Java in terms of the construction of the Semarang Toll Road. The object of the Credit Guarantee in the Syndicated Credit Agreement in the form of Concession Rights which is not a fiduciary or mortgage must be made in the agreement related to the risks that will occur as a result of the syndicated credit agreement, especially on the guarantee so that no party is harmed from the syndicated credit agreement and development can run smoothly. In this regard, the Government should always be innovative towards legal regulations in line with development progress so that they do not become legal problems in the future.  

International bilateral agreements in the form of investment have an important role and significance in promoting development growth and economic progress. Through such agreements, the host country has the opportunity to attract foreign investors to operate and invest in various sectors in its territory. As a result, the home country can freely invest in various industrial sectors in the host country. The home country and the host country conclude an agreement in the form of international bilateral agreements called "investment promotion and protection agreements" or bilateral investment treaties/BITs. One such agreement is the international bilateral agreement between Indonesia and Singapore on industrial promotion and protection signed in 2018 and effective in 2021, which will be discussed in this journal.

Human resources is the prime mover in a company, so it is important for companies to create something that could encourage each of its employees to produce achievements in their work. The purpose of this study was to determine training and motivation on employee performance. The method used in this study is using qualitative methods. Training functions is to provide opportunities for employees to increase their knowledge and insight so it can increase their work productivity and develop themselves, as well as contribute to the progress of the company in order to achieve the results set by the company. Training contributes positively to employee performance. Motivational factors play an important role in increasing employee productivity. More attention is needed on the selected training methods, facilities, equipment and the ability of the instructors to deliver training materials. An appeal to companies to be able to provide encouragement, encouragement, appreciation to employees who excel in order to increase employee motivation to complete the job as well.

Modernity is one of the reasons for humans to adapt to be better than previous lives. Technology that is growing rapidly makes the development of industries. But it has not been widely seen that the industry can create social risks. Starting from the work environment is not conducive, employment is getting less, to gender inequality in work. In the industry, there is also often an imbalance in labor wages. Where workers become victims of losses from risks created in an industry. Giddens thought that in the modern era the world would be uncontrollable. It can be seen that industrialization is growing and progressing continuously. That's why the risks that will be accepted cannot be avoided by society in this modern era.    

The concept of the smart city has emerged as a strategic response to rapid urbanization, increasing population density, and escalating environmental degradation. It is designed to create more efficient urban management through the integration of information and communication technologies, with the primary goal of enhancing public services, optimizing resource use, and improving citizens’ quality of life. One of its most significant promises is its potential to mitigate ecological challenges, particularly in monitoring and reducing air pollution levels. This study aims to analyze the impact of smart city implementation on urban ecology and quality of life, focusing on air quality as a key indicator. A quantitative comparative approach was applied, using both primary data from air quality measurements PM2.5, CO₂, NO₂, and AQI and secondary data from government reports, environmental agencies, and academic publications. The research was conducted in five major Asian cities recognized for adopting smart city initiatives. The results reveal varied outcomes: Tokyo and Kuala Lumpur demonstrated substantial improvements in air quality and livability, while Beijing and New Delhi continued to struggle with severe pollution. Jakarta showed partial progress, though improvements remain limited. These findings indicate that while technology is critical, it alone does not ensure ecological sustainability. Effective governance, public participation, and context-based strategies are equally crucial. This study highlights the need for smart city policies to prioritize ecological resilience and human well-being as central elements of sustainable urban development.

Stunting is a chronic nutritional problem that is a national development priority listed in the 2020-2024 RPJMN. Trends and targets for reducing stunting have progressed but are not yet significant. Of course, several causal factors are still found, so empowerment is needed to accelerate stunting reduction. The main focus in handling stunting is the First 1000 Days of Life (HPK) which is carried out at Posyandu. Cadres who play an important role in driving posyandu are expected to have good knowledge and high motivation in efforts to prevent stunting. The aim of this activity is to empower health cadres and families to increase knowledge about preventing stunting by implementing the Balanced Nutrition Pyramid and Monitoring the Growth and Development of Toddlers. The target of this activity was cadres and families in Bangun Rejo Village, Tanjung Morawa District with a total of 42 participants (21cadres and 21 families). Empowerment activities use the lecture method followed by a question and answer session. The results of the activity showed that 71.4% of cadres and families had good knowledge. It is hoped that empowerment of cadres and families can be implemented consistently and continuously so that it can improve cadre performance and family understanding in implementing the Balanced Nutrition Pyramid and Monitoring Toddler Growth and Development as an Effort to Prevent Stunting

The ABWA 3.0 campaign utilizes the Campaign.com app to connect individuals, communities, and sponsors concerned about social issues. Through the Campaign #ForChange app, social organizations engage young generations, providing education and fostering action on specific social issues. The app enables online campaigns supported by private sector sponsors, with donations from completed social challenges. It features a transparent donation tracker, showcasing collective efforts. Social campaign topics are determined collaboratively. Research from credible sources informs problem-solving. The campaign process involves mentor-guided exploration and group assignments, with progress reports tracking tasks. The campaign aims to address the urgent issue of financial literacy among Indonesian youth. Root causes include a lack of financial education and the need for support from schools and homes. This research aims to strategize and implement the ABWA 3.0 campaign, promoting financial literacy through the Campaign #ForChange app at PT Uni Tokopo Teknologi.