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Social Exchange in Women's Dual Roles: A Case Study of Housework and Professional Career. This research investigates the dynamics of social exchange involved in women's dual roles, with a focus on the fulfillment of household work and professional career development. Social exchange theory is used as a framework to analyze how women manage their roles in an increasingly complex contemporary society. Through in-depth case studies, this research explores women's experiences in managing household responsibilities along with their efforts to achieve success in professional careers. The results of this study provide insight into the challenges and opportunities they face in carrying out their dual roles, as well as their impact on gender equality in society. The results of this research have important implications in efforts to increase gender equality and encourage more inclusive social change. This study also provides a basis for better policy thinking in supporting women in navigating their dual roles and achieving success in various aspects of their lives.

In the working area of ​​the Sijamapolang Community Health Center, Humbang Hasundutan Regency, stunting is still relatively common. Stunting is important to handle because it concerns the quality of human resources. Stunting, apart from being a risk of hampering physical growth and susceptibility to disease, also causes barriers to cognitive development which will affect the level of intelligence and productivity of children in the future. Stunting can be caused by various factors, including low nutritional intake in the first 1,000 days of life, from the fetus to a two-year-old baby. Apart from that, poor sanitation facilities, lack of access to clean water, and lack of environmental cleanliness are also causes of stunting. Poor hygiene conditions mean that the body has to fight extra hard against sources of disease, thus hampering the absorption of nutrients. Basically, stunting can be prevented from an early age. Of course, this can be done by increasing the family's insight or knowledge, especially mothers, regarding stunting prevention. By looking at the problems of these partners, the Community Partnership program aims to provide knowledge and information to the community so they can prevent and overcome the problem of stunting. The results achieved in this activity, namely, participants have knowledge about: the definition of stunting and its characteristics, the causes of stunting, the impacts of stunting, how to prevent and overcome stunting  

The tax aggressiveness importance’s have been documented by prior researchers. However, prior investigators failed to see it from an agency’s perspective. Therefore, this study determines the effect of agency related variables (women in commissioner board, managerial ownership, and debt policy) on tax aggressiveness. The object of this research is Indonesia listed operating at mining sector. The sample of this research is fifteen companies during 2016 to 2018. secondary hand collected data is employed in this study. The data is analyzed using regression analysis. The result show that Women in commissioners board has significant influence on tax aggressiveness. In addition, debt policy and managerial ownership had no relationship with tax aggressiveness. Out of three control variables, company size has a negative influence on tax aggressiveness at 10%. However, a company’s age and probability have no significant connection to tax agressiveness.

The role of judges in forming laws and interpreting statutory texts is important to realize the value of legal certainty. Evidence in criminal justice is an important focus. Especially if there are judges who have different views and apply dissenting opinions in assessing concrete cases, especially criminal acts of corruption. The aim of this research is to analyze the views of two different panels of judges in achieving legal certainty and substantive justice received by the defendant during the criminal justice process. The research method used in this research is normative-empirical research which in collecting data uses literature and observation methods to observe and record the situation and conditions of legal events that occur. The results of this research are that judges' freedom in making decisions often ignores legal certainty due to differences in interpretation, resulting in clear laws becoming unclear and the value of legal certainty not being achieved optimally

Divorce between spouses of different nationalities has become an increasingly common phenomenon in the context of globalization. International civil law plays a key role in addressing the legal issues arising from divorce between different nationalities. This article discusses the legal repercussions arising from such divorces, focusing on several important aspects. Determination of the applicable law is a major concern in cases of non-citizenship divorce. The Lex Loci principle is the rule used to determine the law governing divorce, with special considerations regarding both spouses being from different countries. The recognition of divorce in different jurisdictions is an important concern. The process of official recognition of divorce in different countries often requires special procedures and certain requirements. Issues related to child custody become particularly significant if the couple has children together. International civil law considers aspects such as child residence, custody, and child-related decision-making. A valid divorce certificate may be required for various purposes, including a change in marital status in each spouse's country. The process of obtaining a divorce certificate may vary in each spouse's home country. Pensions and inheritance may also be affected by divorce, and the application of international civil law principles is necessary to determine the associated rights.

The Coral Triangle, situated in the western Pacific Ocean, is famous for its exceptional natural wealth and abundant coral reefs, earning it the title of the "heart" of the world's coral reefs. This article emphasizes the significance of coral reef conservation within the Coral Triangle and explores the potential of cultural diplomacy in bolstering regional cooperation for conservation efforts. Through a literature review, the research aims to understand the role of cultural diplomacy in preserving coral reefs in this region, identifying gaps in knowledge for further investigation. Findings suggest that cultural diplomacy is pivotal in coral reef conservation by fostering international collaboration, raising awareness, and safeguarding traditional knowledge. Additionally, it aids in addressing ecological and economic challenges by promoting regional cooperation and sustainable tourism practices in the Coral Triangle. The research underscores the importance of cultural diplomacy and regional collaboration in preserving local heritage and ensuring environmental sustainability within the Coral Triangle, stressing the necessity of unified efforts to manage and protect coral reef ecosystems.

This study aims to determine and analyze the partial and simultaneous influence between Fulfillment of Employee Needs using Maslow's needs theory on Work Commitment to Employees at Bank Muamalat KCU Makassar. This research is an explanatory research with a quantitative approach. This sampling method uses simple random sampling technique with a total sample calculation from the population of permanent employees of Bank Muamalat KCU Makassar, with a sample size of 55 respondents. Data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires via google form (online) and direct distribution (offline). The data analysis technique used to analyze the relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable is validity test, reliability test, classical assumption test, namely normality test, multicollinearity test, heteroscedasticity test and linearity test, hypothesis testing used is the coefficient of determination (R2), Partial Test (t test), Simultaneous Test (F test) and Multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that physiological needs, security needs, appreciation needs and self-transcendence needs partially have no significant effect on work commitment with a significant value respectively, (physiological needs: 0.810> 0.05), (security needs: 0.979> 0.05), (appreciation needs: 0.093> 0.05) and (self-transcendence needs: 0.400> 0.05), so that hypotheses H1, H2, H4, and H6 are rejected. While social needs and self-actualization needs have a positive and significant effect on work commitment with their respective values, social needs of 0.014 < 0.05 and self-actualization needs of 0.001 < 0.05, so that H3 and H5 are accepted. The results of this study also found that the variable Fulfillment of Needs (physiological needs, security needs, social needs, appreciation needs, self-actualization needs and self-transcendence needs) has a significant simultaneous / joint influence on employee work commitment at Bank Muamalat KCU Makassar based on the results of the F test which is worth 25.101> 2.29 F table values and a significance value of 0.000 <0.05. This means that the fulfillment of physiological needs, security needs, social needs, appreciation needs, self-actualization needs and self-transcendence needs has an important role in increasing the work commitment of employees of Bank Muamalat KCU Makassar.

Learning innovation is something that is important and must be owned by teachers. The teacher's willingness to try, discover, explore and search for various learning approaches, methods and strategies is one of the supports for the emergence of various new innovations. Social studies as a subject at elementary school level is essentially a complete integration of social science disciplines and other relevant scientific disciplines to realize educational goals at school level. From the results of teacher observations, several problems were found in social studies learning, including: (1) in the teaching process teachers only use lecture and question and answer methods so that students tend to get bored because they find learning less interesting; (2) the learning that takes place is always teacher-centered so that student involvement is less active; (3) students' understanding and memory are still minimal. To overcome problems in learning in class VI, learning is implemented at SD Negeri Temon using the Problem Based Learning (PBL) method regarding Economic Activities in ASEAN Countries. The choice of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) method in the learning process is adjusted to the basic competencies in social studies learning. The teacher gives a number of trigger problems, then students continuously develop their knowledge in groups and individually.

The Maritime Highway Policy, as an effort by the Indonesian government to strengthen maritime connectivity and support economic growth, has become the main focus during the second term of President Joko Widodo's leadership. This research evaluates the concept, implementation and impact of this policy in the development of the maritime sector and national economy. The research results show that the Maritime Highway Policy has succeeded in increasing connectivity between regions, leveling economic growth, increasing investment, and supporting the revitalization of the maritime sector. With these efforts, Indonesia is further strengthening its image as a strong and competitive maritime country. This research provides insight into the important role of the Maritime Highway Policy in developing Indonesia's maritime economy and connectivity, supporting sustainable development, and reducing economic disparities between regions.    

This article focuses on the concept of authentic faith in the Christian context, discusses suffering, and explores how faith influences the way an individual confronts life's challenges. Genuine Christian faith is portrayed as a belief that goes beyond the intellectual realm and is reflected in a person's daily actions. The Letter of James emphasizes the importance of facing suffering with joy and how it tests one's faith and endurance. Suffering is described as a test that can examine and strengthen a person's faith. It is seen as a consequence of humanity's fall into sin but is also considered a part of God's salvation plan. Through suffering, God's compassion for humanity is revealed, and suffering becomes an essential element in spiritual growth and maturity. Strong faith, endurance, and patience help transform suffering into happiness. Furthermore, the article delves into the theological perspectives and historical context of the Letter of James, as well as James' efforts to correct misconceptions about the nature of faith that saves a person. Overall, the article provides deep insights into the concept of genuine faith and how faith can impact the way individuals confront challenges and attain true happiness in Christ.

The Book of Hebrews 12:1-3 provides profound guidance on the significance of perseverance in the journey of faith towards Jesus Christ. In this abstract, we will explore key concepts found in the text. Hebrews 12:1 urges us to cast off every hindrance and sin that impedes us, enabling us to run with perseverance in the race of faith. This reflects the importance of focusing on our relationship with Jesus Christ and letting go of anything that obstructs spiritual growth. The concept of perseverance is emphasized in Hebrews 12:1, depicting the journey of faith as a race requiring endurance, resilience, and strong focus. Perseverance is necessary because this journey is not a short sprint but a long-term marathon that demands enduring commitment. Hebrews 12:2 directs our focus to Jesus as the pioneer and perfecter of our faith. Our perseverance is not a result of our efforts alone but is strengthened by fixing our gaze on Jesus Christ. This reflects that true perseverance involves a deep understanding of Christ's presence and glory. Hebrews 12:3 reminds us to endure suffering without losing heart, following the example of Him who endured suffering. Perseverance is required in facing challenges and hardships, and a steadfast focus on Jesus Christ motivates us to endure in the midst of trials. In conclusion, Hebrews 12:1-3 provides a strong foundation for understanding the role of perseverance in our journey of faith towards Jesus Christ. By shedding burdens, focusing on Christ, and facing suffering with perseverance, we can navigate the race of faith with determination and attain the eternal reward prepared for those who remain faithful.

. In the ever-growing information era, video editing has become an important part of television news production. This study investigates the use of video editing on TVRI North Sumatra news programs. This research focuses on the editing software used, the editing methods used, and how the use of this editing impacts the quality of news production. To gain a better understanding of video editing techniques at regional news stations, we conducted direct observations, interviews, and document analysis through qualitative research methods. The research results show that video editing at TVRI North Sumatra is carried out by professional programs. To improve the visual and audio quality of news broadcasts, adjustment techniques such as visual transitions, color adjustments, and sound effects are often used. In the use of broadcast video editing, issues such as limited time and resources are identified as important elements. Improved time management, more training for production teams, and more technical resources are recommended. In other words, this research provides a comprehensive analysis of video editing methods in TVRI North Sumatra news production. The results could improve the industry's understanding of video editing methods in regional news contexts and help develop more creative and high-quality news production methods.

The involvement of the church in building moral values in a pluralistic society is important. This is because the church has an important role in shaping the character and morality of society. This research aims to examine the church's involvement in building moral values in a pluralistic society. The research method used is a literature study about churches and pluralistic societies. This research also shows that the church is involved in building moral values in a pluralistic society through various programs and activities, such as religious education and social services. These programs and activities aim to instill Christian moral values, such as love, forgiveness and justice. Church involvement in this matter can be a positive contribution in creating a better society. This research can also have positive implications for the church, society and government. For the church, this research can be a motivation to increase its involvement in building moral values in a pluralistic society. For the public, the results of this research can provide an understanding of the role of the church in building moral values. For the government, the results of this research can be a reference in developing policies that support the church's efforts to build moral values.

The food and beverage business in Indonesia, especially the snack business, has developed very rapidly, players in this sector are not only dominated by old players who have great reputations in the Indonesian food and beverage industry, but are also surrounded by new players, imported products. , even now snacks produced by home industries or what are known as small and medium unit products (SMEs), have been distributed to the modern market, which is making this sector increasingly busy and congested. One of the traditional snacks available and consumed by Indonesian people is Rengginang. Rengginang is a snack usually made from sticky rice. Rengginang Udang is one of the processed snack products in Rw 06, Yosodadi Village, East Metro District, which was founded in 2020. Marketing management really needs to be understood by companies, so that they can take advantage of market opportunities by applying production concepts, product concepts, sales concepts, marketing concept, and social-oriented marketing concept. What needs to be done is to carry out a marketing strategy analysis which can be done through appropriate digital marketing to overcome these problems using various stages and analytical tools in the marketing strategy. It is hoped that the results of this marketing strategy analysis will be able to determine the right marketing strategy for entrepreneurs so that they can continue to survive and develop an appropriate competitive strategy to face all possible changes that occur in the business environment. Through digital marketing strategies, you can also create or open new markets that were previously closed due to limited time, communication methods or distance.

The Effect Of Use Of Lung Mask Fixation On The Accuracy Of Targeted Irradiation In Lung Cancer Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (Imrt) Technique In The Department Of Radiation Oncology, Jakarta General Hospital. Lung cancer is the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in one or both lungs. While normal cells in the lungs usually develop and reproduce to form healthy lung tissue, these abnormal cells actually reproduce more quickly and are never able to become normal lung tissue. As a result, lumps of cancer cells are formed, which are often referred to as tumors. (4) Radiotherapy is a form of therapy that has been proven to be useful in treating cancer. The aim of radiotherapy is to provide safe, accurate and efficient radiation doses to treat various types of cancer and also non-malignant disorders (7). Carrying out radiotherapy for lung cancer involves the use of immobilization devices, one of which is a thermoplastic mask. This mask functions to reduce the patient's body movements, including movements caused by breathing (9). Verification is a critical stage in the radiotherapy process. The purpose of this verification is to ensure that there are no significant differences in the exposure carried out (14). Giving the right dose of radiotherapy radiation is very necessary to achieve successful therapeutic treatment. The accuracy of dosing and the accuracy of the patient's position influence the dose distribution that will be received by the patient. This verification is based on the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Human Health Series No. 31 of 2016 with a displacement value of 0.3cm (15). EPID (Electronic Portal Imaging Device) is an additional device connected to the LINAC (Linear Accelerator) radiotherapy device. EPID functions as a verification tool for radiation dose and geometry which is very important in the radiotherapy process (16). The accuracy of the patient's position during radiation treatment greatly influences the accuracy of the IMRT technique. Before irradiation, verification is carried out using an EPID (Electronic Portal Imaging Device) to ensure the correct target position on the tumor. This helps measure the x, y, and z axis coordinates along the radiation area before the radiation procedure begins.

The cigarette industry is an industry that has an important role in the economy and employment. The objectives of this research are (i) to determine the share of female workers compared to male workers at the Tunas Mandiri Cigarette Factory; (ii) To find out the benefits obtained by female workers in helping their household economy. The method used is a qualitative method supported by primary data, namely sourced from interviews. The results of this research are (i) The share of workers at the Tunas Mandiri Cigarette Factory, female workers, is greater than male workers, in 2023, namely the share of female workers will reach 95.4% and the share of male workers 4.6%; (ii) Women workers receive various benefits that are useful in helping their household economy, namely for school fees, for paying motorbike loans, for paying bank installments, for saving, for daily food costs. The implication of this research is to provide information and references that women can help their household economy by working in various industrial sectors.  

Business is an activity of the economy, where business activities take place in the market. Where the market is a meeting place for traders and buyers. One of them is the Muara Sabak Ulu Traditional Market with traders who are predominantly Muslim. Competition is an organization or individual vying to get what they want. This study uses a type of qualitative research and the object of this research is the traditional market traders of Muara Sabak Ulu. Sources of data used are primary data and secondary data, the techniques used in collecting data are observation, interviews and documentation. The determination of the pricing mechanism at the Muara Sabak Ulu Traditional Market is found in the selling price and the interest of the buyer where the trader will raise the price of the goods above the price given by the distributor. The factor for the occurrence of violations of business ethics in the Muara Sabak Ulu Traditional Market is because the opportunity to cheat will encourage people to do so. The intention to cheat will increase if the trader is under pressure to achieve a goal that he feels is very important. There are traders in the Muara Sabak Ulu Traditional Market who comply with the ethics of trading and the principles of Islamic business ethics and there are also those who are not in accordance with the principles of Islamic business ethics.

This research is entitled Application of the Family Hope Program and Dilemmas for Poverty Alleviation in Teluk Nilau Village. The research method used by researchers is a qualitative approach. The results of this study were: (1) the mechanism for implementing the PKH program in Teluk Nilau subdistrict was carried out in several stages, namely, regional selection and selection of PKH participants, initial meeting and validation of prospective PKH participants, verification of eligibility, data updating and initial disbursement of funds. PKH in Teluk Nilau Village is aimed at improving the health quality of children under five, pregnant women and the elderly. For the education level of elementary, middle and high school children, the distribution of PKH funds is carried out once a month in 4 stages, namely in January, April, September and December through banks (BNI, BRI and Bank Mandiri). (2) The PKH program in Teluk Nilau sub-district plays an important role in increasing community economic poverty alleviation or KPM PKH including: First, reducing the poverty rate, from the data on the number of PKH beneficiaries from the data the number of recipients is 251 down to 224 in 2021. Second, in the field of education with the PKH program assistance is able to provide an increase in the level of education. Third, in the health sector, the existence of PKH program assistance is able to play a role in increasing poverty alleviation towards improving the level of public health. (3) Regarding the obstacles that were often faced before, it was often the case that recipient cards for the Family Hope program were blocked, but for now this obstacle has almost never happened. Again, this is because the PKH beneficiaries themselves collect the assistance at the post office or bank that has been determined. So for the constraints of the family program, hope has more or less been able to top it.

Taxes are an important element in the country because they have the largest source of income. However, in reality it is still relatively low. This research aims to determine the influence of income levels, tax rates and payment systems on UMKM taxpayer compliance. This research data was obtained from Kediri City Micro Enterprise Data for 2022. Data analysis techniques were carried out using instrument tests, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression analysis, and hypothesis analysis to test the influence partially (t test) and simultaneously (F test). The results show that income levels and payment systems have a positive effect on taxpayer compliance with a significance value of 0.000, tax rates have a positive effect on UMKM taxpayer compliance with a significance value of 0.002. KPP Pratama Kediri City must provide the best service and provide counseling so that taxpayers understand the procedures for paying taxes. With the development of technology, it is hoped that taxpayers will be more compliant in paying their obligations. It is hoped that future researchers adding other variables that influence the level of taxpayer compliance, especially for UMKM.

This article discusses the role of Jesus Christ as the "Cornerstone" in the context of the Christian life and how its meaning becomes increasingly relevant when we face trials and challenges in life. Jesus Christ as the "Cornerstone" is a metaphor that comes from the Book of 1 Peter in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. This concept reflects the strength, stability, and protection given by Christ to His people. In this paper, we explore the significance of this concept and how it provides inspiration and hope to individuals facing trials and adversity. We also detail how faith in Jesus Christ as the “Cornerstone” can guide us through life's trials. In conclusion, this article explores how important it is to understand the presence of Christ in facing the trials that often come in our journey as believers.