Publication Search

Nephrons are the smallest functional units in the kidneys that are responsible for filtering blood, regulating fluid balance, and excreting waste through urine. When nephrons are damaged or diseased, kidney function can be significantly impaired. Nephron damage is usually caused by various factors, such as hypertension, diabetes, kidney infections, or certain drug toxicity. In the early stages, nephron damage can cause a decrease in glomerular filtration rate (GFR). As a result, metabolic waste products such as urea and creatinine accumulate in the blood, known as azotemia. Over time, progressive damage to the nephrons can trigger chronic kidney disease (CKD). In more severe cases, when most of the nephrons are no longer functioning, the kidneys lose their ability to maintain the body's homeostasis. This results in electrolyte imbalance, metabolic acidosis, and excess fluid buildup, known as end-stage renal disease (ESRD). At this stage, patients require renal replacement therapy such as dialysis or kidney transplantation to survive. Prevention of nephron damage is very important, including through the management of comorbidities such as diabetes and hypertension, adequate fluid intake, and avoiding exposure to toxic substances that damage the kidneys. Thus, the risk of kidney failure can be minimized.

Socializing and improving literacy movement skills in schools have not yielded maximum results because of the low level of mentoring and training to improve literacy awareness and skills among students and teachers. Many teachers still assume that literacy is the responsibility of Indonesian language subject teachers. In addition, reading materials and texts available in schools have not been optimally utilized to develop students' literacy skills. The purpose of this study was to determine the use of folklore as a medium for strengthening Indonesian language literacy in the world of education. This study used a library research method to analyze the use of folklore as a medium for strengthening Indonesian language literacy. The results of the study showed that folklore has great potential in strengthening Indonesian language literacy. Folklore not only functions as an entertaining medium, but also as an effective learning tool to develop students' reading and writing skills. Through folklore, students can enrich their vocabulary, understand text structures, and improve their understanding of good and correct Indonesian. In addition, folklore also teaches moral, social, and cultural values ​​that are very relevant to students' daily lives. By introducing values ​​such as honesty, hard work, and respect for parents, folklore can educate students to have a good attitude in their lives. Folklore also plays an important role in introducing and preserving local culture, strengthening the nation's cultural identity, and increasing pride in Indonesia's cultural heritage.

Technological innovation always follows user needs and current trends that make it easier for users. One of the applications is in the form of an automatic task receiving and safety device. Automatic task receiving and safety device is an innovative solution that utilizes GM66 sensor, ESP32 module, ESP32 Cam, solenoid, limit switch and Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS). The system allows users to collect tasks or documents through an easily accessible Telegram Bot integration. This tool uses a GM66 sensor that functions to read Quick Response (QR) on the learning module, while the ESP32 functions as the central brain managing and transmitting data through a Wi-Fi network. This tool is also equipped with image capture capabilities using the ESP32 Cam Module. In the security section, this tool is equipped with a solenoid that functions as a mechanical lock on the door, while the switch functions to detect the state of the door on the tool and to ensure smooth operation by switching automatically between the main and backup electrical power sources this tool is equipped with an Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS). This innovation is to improve efficiency, security, and accessibility in the collection of tasks or documents. With IoT, users can easily manage their tasks in real-time with a 90% success rate.

This article deals with a new concept in the subject of fuzzy topological R-Module spaces is said fuzzy quasi Filter via fuzzy open quasi Filter sets and fuzzy closed quasi Filter sets and also present definitions for the Mixed fuzzy quasi Filter with this scope work and we briefly shows some features of fuzzy functions.

The energy crisis and global warming are driving the importance of energy efficiency in building design. An ideal building not only prioritizes aesthetics and function, but also energy efficiency as well as comfort and safety for its occupants. In Indonesia, the Green Building Council Indonesia (GBCI) plays a role in promoting environmentally friendly and sustainable architectural practices. One popular method for energy efficiency is the use of eggcrate, which is a shading system in the form of lattices that reduces the intensity of sunlight, thereby lowering indoor temperatures and reducing energy use for cooling. The use of heat-reflective glass is also common in energy-efficient building design, because it reflects solar radiation and reduces incoming heat without sacrificing natural light. This reduces the workload of the air conditioning system, thereby increasing energy efficiency. According to Asih (2012), environmental control in buildings is greatly influenced by the use of glass and shading elements. Building façades, including glass areas, play an important role in energy conservation by reducing incoming heat conduction. In addition, glass also influences natural lighting and has positive psychological effects, while maintaining comfort and energy efficiency in buildings.

High exposure to sunlight in tropical areas such as Indonesia increases the risk of skin damage due to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Sunscreen functions to protect the skin from the bad effects of UV rays, and a good level of knowledge is expected to increase awareness of its use. Surf trainers, who are frequently exposed to sunlight, need proper knowledge and awareness to prevent these negative impacts. This research aims to determine the relationship between the level of knowledge and awareness of the use of sunscreen among surfing trainers at Kuta Beach. The research used an observational design with a cross-sectional approach. The sampling technique used the accidental sampling method with a total of 57 respondents. Data was collected using a questionnaire, and data analysis was carried out using the Spearman correlation test using SPSS version 25. The results showed that 96.49% of respondents had a good level of knowledge, while only 3.5% of respondents had awareness of the use of sunscreen, which was a very low percentage. The results of statistical analysis show that there is no significant relationship between the level of knowledge and awareness of the use of sunscreen with a significance value of 0.469 (p > 0.05).

One way to recycle and reuse plastic is using ecobricks. Sustainable bags, wallets, chairs, tables, and more may be yours via the ecobrick program's processing of basic, inexpensive materials. This study seeks to inspire Class 6 students at SDN 1 Sumber to become more involved and think outside the box when it comes to recycling and repurposing materials that have high market value. With a descriptive qualitative approach, this researcher involved grade 6 students and homeroom teachers at SDN 1 Sumber as subjects, using interview, observation and documentation methods. The results of this research show a significant increase in understanding of the use of plastic waste into ecobricks and functional goods after participating in practical ecobrick making activities. So students can gain new insight into plastic waste processing and develop creative ideas. This research provides educational and environmental benefits, this activity also supports the development of student character, such as cooperation, creativity and caring. Key words: ecobricks, waste, plastic.

In the digital era, online buying and selling transactions are increasing, so that shipping services have an important role. However, there are various problems in package delivery, such as loss or damage due to the absence of the recipient at the location. This study aims to design and build an IoT-based Smart Box that allows safe package receipt. This system is equipped with a keypad, ultrasonic sensor, load cell sensor, and ESP32-CAM for automatic image capture and sending notifications to users via Telegram. Tests were carried out on various aspects of the system, including sensors, IoT connectivity, and package storage security. The test results show that the tool can function well in securing packages and providing real-time notifications to recipients.

This study aims to describe the quality of sleep in cigarette addicts, especially among young adults aged 18-24 years. Smoking, which has become a habit for many individuals, can cause dependence, one of which is caused by nicotine which disrupts sleep quality. Based on WHO data (2015), Indonesia is one of the countries with the largest number of smokers in the world, which has an impact on physical and psychological health, including sleep disorders. This research used a quantitative approach with descriptive methods and survey techniques by distributing The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire to 12 respondents. The results showed that 100% of respondents experienced poor sleep quality, with the majority experiencing sleep disturbances less than once a week and daytime activity dysfunction more than three times a week. This research confirms the relationship between cigarette addiction and poor sleep quality in young adults. Based on these findings, it is recommended that smokers avoid nicotine before bed, establish a regular sleep schedule, and create a relaxing sleep routine to improve the quality of their sleep.

This research examines the use of *amtsal* (parables/analogies) in the Quran from an Arabic sociolinguistic perspective. The main focus of the research is to analyze the forms of amtsal, their sociolinguistic functions, and the influence of socio-cultural context in the selection of Quranic amtsal. The research method uses a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis through literature study of primary and secondary sources. The research results show that amtsal in the Quran has three main forms: *musharrahah* (explicit), *kaminah* (implicit), and *mursalah* (free). The sociolinguistic functions of amtsal include educational functions in facilitating understanding of abstract concepts, persuasive functions in influencing attitudes and behavior, and communicative functions in bridging divine messages with socio-cultural contexts. The selection of amtsal is heavily influenced by the socio-cultural context of Arab society, including traditions, social conditions, and psychological aspects. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of the Quran's communication methods and can serve as a reference in developing contemporary learning and da'wah methods.  

This research examines the use of *amtsal* (parables/analogies) in the Quran from an Arabic sociolinguistic perspective. The main focus of the research is to analyze the forms of amtsal, their sociolinguistic functions, and the influence of socio-cultural context in the selection of Quranic amtsal. The research method uses a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis through literature study of primary and secondary sources. The research results show that amtsal in the Quran has three main forms: *musharrahah* (explicit), *kaminah* (implicit), and *mursalah* (free). The sociolinguistic functions of amtsal include educational functions in facilitating understanding of abstract concepts, persuasive functions in influencing attitudes and behavior, and communicative functions in bridging divine messages with socio-cultural contexts. The selection of amtsal is heavily influenced by the socio-cultural context of Arab society, including traditions, social conditions, and psychological aspects. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of the Quran's communication methods and can serve as a reference in developing contemporary learning and da'wah methods.  

This study aims to describe: (1) the meaning of utterances containing conventional implicatures in the novel ‘The Years of The Voiceless’ by Okky Madasari, (2) define the function of utterances containing conventional implicatures in the novel ‘The Years of The Voiceless’ by Okky Madasari, and (3) describe the types of utterances containing conventional implicatures in the ‘The Years of The Voiceless’ by Okky Madasari based on Grice’s theory about implicature. The research method was descriptive qualitative method. The data in this study are sentences in utterances containing implicature. The data in this study were obtained by reading, recording and note-taking techniques. The findings are as follows. There are 8 forms of conventional implicature found. Based on the results of the classification that has been done, there are four intentions, 1 utterance of the intention of commanding, 1 utterance of the intention of pride, 1 utterance of the intention of giving information. Types of utterances that contain conventional implicatures in the novel 'The Years of The Voiceless'. Each implicature has a function. The function of conventional implicatures in the novel can be categorized into three functions, namely 1. implicatures that function as persuasive or persuade, 1 implicature that functions as directive, namely giving advice, 1 implicature that functions as expressive, namely showing hatred. Based on the results of the classification that has been done, there are two classifications, 1 type of declarative speech (statement), 1 type of imperative speech (command).

Dismissal of a Regional Head can occur due to two factors, the first is 'Objective' in investigating violations of the oath or promise of office carried out by the Regional Head. Second, 'Subjective' in using his authority, namely looking for loopholes to dismiss the Regional Head on sentimental grounds. The reasons for the dismissal of a Regional Head are regulated in Article 78 paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) of Law Number 23 of 2014 concerning Regional Government (UUPD). Some of the problems that often occur in the dismissal of Regional Heads are, the Regional Head is elected directly but the mechanism for dismissal is indirectly (representatively) through the DPRD so that it is not in line with democracy, then regional autonomy is not implemented freely because there is still a role for the central government and there is also no Judicial institutions in regions specifically for the dismissal of Regional Heads. After we analyzed the many articles in the Constitution, the amendments relating to the main duties of the House of Representatives, also in UUMD3 1999 in conjunction with UUMD3 2014, were further emphasized by DPR Standing Orders No. 16/DPR/RI/1999-2000 jucto Regulation of the House of Representatives of the Republic of Indonesia Number 1 of 2014 concerning Rules of Procedure, from the authority and duties of the DPRD above, it can be formulated that the DPRD has three functions, namely the supervisory function, the budget function, and the function of making Law or legislation. In carrying out its functions and duties, the DPRD has several rights that can be used to carry out its duties as government supervisor. Some of the rights in question are the Right to Questionnaire, the Right to Interplation, the Right to Express an Opinion. As for the right to inquiry itself, the definition is contained in Article 79 paragraph (3) of Law Number 17 of 2014 concerning the MPR, DPR, DPD and DPRD.

This study explores the intricate interplay between competitive advantage, customer focus strategies, and customer satisfaction within the service industry, emphasizing a human-centered approach to organizational development. Through a comprehensive literature review, the research highlights the transformative potential of aligning strategic initiatives with human values and emotional resonance. It underscores the importance of cultivating meaningful relationships with customers to create sustainable competitive advantages that extend beyond traditional economic metrics. The findings reveal that customer satisfaction is deeply rooted in both functional service excellence and emotional connections. By leveraging insights from customer experiences, organizations can design tailored strategies that resonate with individual needs and aspirations. Furthermore, the research demonstrates how customer-centric approaches influence broader organizational culture, fostering environments that prioritize empathy, innovation, and authentic human engagement. This study contributes to the theoretical discourse by framing competitive advantage as a human endeavor and offers practical implications for service organizations aiming to achieve operational excellence while honoring the human dimensions of service delivery. The integration of strategic, operational, and tactical levels forms a cohesive framework for achieving enduring success through genuine customer relationships and continuous adaptation to evolving market dynamics.

Optimizing human resources (HR) in digital marketing through the synergy between creativity and technology is an important strategy to create effective and innovative marketing campaigns in the digital era. Creativity plays a crucial role in producing engaging and relevant content, which is able to build an emotional connection with consumers as well as strengthen the brand identity. Meanwhile, technology allows for personalization, data-driven analysis, and efficiency in the implementation of marketing strategies. This study examines how the combination of human resource creativity and the use of digital technology can create a competitive advantage for companies. The results of the study show that companies that successfully integrate these two elements can increase consumer engagement, customer loyalty, as well as the effectiveness of marketing campaigns. From a conceptual perspective, this approach is changing the way companies view innovation and cross-functional collaboration within organizations, which in turn improves responsiveness and adaptability to market changes. The practical implications of this research are the importance of investing in the development of creative and skilled human resources in technology, to create a sustainable digital marketing strategy and be able to compete in an increasingly competitive global market.

This study aims to optimize the architecture of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) for rainfall prediction using meteorological data from Indonesia, which is known for its complex and highly variable climate patterns. Climatic variables such as temperature, humidity, air pressure, wind speed, and historical rainfall records serve as the main input features to evaluate the performance of various network configurations. Optimization is carried out by determining the appropriate number of neurons, hidden layers, activation functions, and training algorithms to enhance prediction accuracy. Model evaluation employs indicators such as Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) to ensure output stability. The findings indicate that a multilayer architecture combined with optimized parameters significantly improves the network’s ability to capture non-linear patterns in Indonesia’s tropical rainfall data. The optimized model produces more stable and accurate predictions compared to standard configurations. These results highlight the importance of ANN architecture optimization in supporting early warning systems, agricultural planning, water resource management, and hydrometeorological disaster mitigation across Indonesia.

The microbubble generator is an essential technology in various applications, such as water treatment, due to its ability to improve mass transfer efficiency, particularly ocygenation. Bubble breakup is a critical process that affects bubble size and its distribution in the solution, In this study, the experimental investigation focuses on analyzing the bubble breakup phenomenon in a venturi-type microbubble generator (MBG) equipped with a twisted baffle. Water flow rates  and air flow rates ) were varied at  = 40 and 60 lpm and   = 0,2 and 0,6 lpm. The methods used in this study include visualizing the bubble breakup process using a high-speed camera and measuring pressure fluctuations in the MBG detected by a pressure transducer. The analysis involves Power Spectral Density (PSD), Probability Density Function (PDF) of pressure drop, and Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT). The tests were conducted with variations in water and air flow rates, as well as pressure measurements to understand the interaction between liquid and gas flows. The analysis results indicate that the presence of the twisted baffle significantly increases flow turbulence, which accelerates the bubble breakup process. This process produce smaller and more evenly distributed bubbles, which is crucial for enchancing dissolved ocygen (DO) levels in the solution.

Chronic kidney failure in the end stage requires kidney replacement therapy in the form of haemodialysis. Haemodialysis is not to cure but as a replacement therapy for kidney function to clean the blood from various substances that cannot be excreted naturally by the kidneys which must be done for life. Chronic kidney failure patients undergoing haemodialysis can cause life changes that will affect the patient’s quality of life. This study aims to determine the relationship between the duration of haemodialysis therapy and age and the quality of life in chronic kidney failure patients at PKU Muhammadiyah Gamping Hospital. This study employed a descriptive correlation study with a cross-sectional method. The study population was 165 patients with a sample of 115 respondents. The instrument to determine the quality of life was the Kidney Disease Quality of Life (KDQOL) Questionnaire and interviews were done to determine the age and duration of haemodialysis therapy. The results of statistical tests using the Kendall Tau test showed a p-value> 0.05, which is 0.059 for the test of the duration of haemodialysis therapy with quality of life. Thus, it can be concluded that there is no significant relationship between the duration of haemodialysis therapy and quality of life in chronic kidney failure patients at PKU Muhammadiyah Gamping Hospital. Statistical tests for age with quality of life using the Kendall Tau test showed a p-value> 0.05, which is 0.694. Therefore, it can be concluded that there is no significant relationship between age and quality of life in chronic kidney failure patients at PKU Muhammadiyah Gamping Hospital.

Heart failure is a collection of clinical findings due to structural and functional disorders of ventricular filling and blood ejection. Heart failure can be caused by various medical conditions, including hypertension and myocardial infarction. In addition, heart failure can also be caused by congenital abnormalities, kidney disorders, lung disorders, infections, autoimmune diseases, and malignancies. Based on data, mortality due to heart failure reaches 50% in the first 5 years. Heart failure is responsible for 287,000 deaths per year. About half of people with heart failure die within five years of being diagnosed. The initial symptoms that commonly occur in patients with heart failure are dyspnea (shortness of breath), fatigue and fluid retention. Therapy for patients with heart failure includes non-pharmacological therapy and pharmacological therapy.

This final project presents the design and development of a digital microscope based on Raspberry Pi 4 integrated with Internet of Things (IoT) technology. The aim of this project is to create a digital microscope that allows real-time observation and data sharing over the internet, enhancing accessibility for researchers and students, especially in remote areas. The digital microscope utilizes a high-quality camera (Sony IMX307) for capturing images, which are processed by the Raspberry Pi 4 and displayed on a touchscreen LCD. This project not only facilitates remote learning and collaborative research but also aims to improve the efficiency of scientific observations. The methodology includes the design, assembly, and testing of the microscope, with a focus on functionality and user experience. The results indicate that the digital microscope successfully meets the objectives, providing an affordable and innovative solution for educational and research purposes. Further development and testing will enhance its capabilities, making it more suitable for diverse scientific applications.