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Digital bureaucratic transformation has become a crucial component of public administration reform in Indonesia through the utilization of technology to enhance public services. This study examines the implementation of the M-Paspor application as one of the strategic policy innovations in the immigration sector. The application was developed as a solution to problems found in the conventional service system. M-Paspor simplifies the passport application procedures, increases bureaucratic effectiveness and efficiency, and strengthens accountability in public service delivery. The presence of M-Paspor has brought significant changes to the structure and work system within the Directorate General of Immigration. However, its implementation still faces various challenges, including unequal digital access, limited infrastructure, low digital literacy among civil servants, and resistance to changes in bureaucratic work culture. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach based on literature review, with sources selected using search strings tailored to the research objectives. The results of this study are expected to serve as a reference for further discussions regarding the benefits, challenges, and sustainability of M-Paspor in supporting the broader digitalization of public service programs in Indonesia.

Handling natural disaster victims requires a fast, precise, and fair aid distribution process. In this context, expert systems can be utilized as a decision-making tool in determining the type and amount of aid that should be given to victims. This article develops a desktop-based expert system using the Java programming language, which is able to calculate the type of aid based on the condition of the victim, the level of damage, and the number of affected family members. The method used is a rule-based expert system with if-then logic. The results show that this system can assist field officers in accelerating the calculation and distribution of aid.

The Sinta Score Overall (SSO) ranking is a crucial indicator in assessing the academic quality and productivity of lecturers and researchers. However, many academics face challenges in improving their SSO ranking due to a lack of understanding of effective strategies for scientific publication. Therefore, this community service initiative was conducted through a national webinar with the primary objective of providing insights and strategies to academics on how to optimize their SSO. The method employed in this initiative involved dissemination and interactive discussions via a webinar platform, featuring speakers with extensive experience in scientific publication and Sinta ranking. The webinar covered key topics, including high-quality publication strategies, the importance of international collaboration, and the utilization of academic media to enhance research visibility. The results indicate that improving publication quality, expanding collaborative networks, and selecting research topics aligned with global issues are essential steps in increasing SSO. By implementing the right strategies and maintaining consistency in scientific publication, academics can enhance their reputation and expand research collaboration opportunities.

In the digital era, the ability to utilize social networks and digital platforms to gain financial education and make financial decisions in accordance with sharia principles is increasingly essential. This study aims to analyze the influence of social capital and digital literacy on Islamic financial literacy among Generation Z. A quantitative approach was employed, with primary data collected from 209 respondents through purposive sampling, consisting of Generation Z individuals residing in Yogyakarta. Data analysis was conducted using path analysis with the Structural Equation Modeling approach based on Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS), utilizing the SmartPLS 3.0 software. Construct reliability testing, discriminant validity, and hypothesis testing were carried out to evaluate the relationships between variables. The results indicate that social capital and digital literacy have a positive and significant effect on Islamic financial literacy. Digital literacy enhances individuals’ access to Islamic financial information through digital media, while social capital strengthens knowledge sharing and trust within communities. These findings highlight the importance of leveraging digital technology and reinforcing community-based approaches to improve Islamic financial literacy. This study contributes to the growing body of literature on the interaction between social capital, digital literacy, and Islamic financial literacy in the digital age and offers strategic insights for educational institutions and financial service providers to promote sharia-based financial literacy.

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia due to insulin deficiency or insulin resistance. Currently available pharmacological treatments often cause unwanted side effects, so alternative therapies that are safer and more effective are needed. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of telang flower extract in reducing blood glucose levels and preventing complications. The potential of Clitoria ternatea as an antidiabetic agent was explored through a systematic literature review, using scientific databases such as Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and Mendeley with the keywords “Clitoria ternatea AND diabetes AND blood glucose.” Inclusion criteria applied included experimental studies conducted on diabetes-induced mice samples, interventions with telang flower extract administration, and publications within the last 5 years (2021-2025). From a total of 1,858 articles identified, by applying the PRISMA-ScR method, 8 articles were obtained that met the inclusion criteria. The analysis showed that telang flower extract was effective in reducing blood glucose levels. This antidiabetic effect is thought to be due to the presence of flavonoids and other bioactive compounds in telang flowers that act as α-amylase enzyme inhibitors, antioxidants, and anti-inflammatories. These findings indicate the potential of Clitoria ternatea as a promising therapeutic alternative in the management of diabetes mellitus.

Mathematics is often viewed by many elementary school students as a difficult subject. This is because if it is only taught in the lecture method, the material is abstract and not very interesting. To overcome this, the use of interactive learning media is a promising solution. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which interactive media affects mathematics learning outcomes in elementary school and what factors support its success. The method used is literature study research by collecting and analyzing various related research findings. The findings of this study indicate that interactive media such as animation, educational applications, digital games and other visual media can help to better understand the material, increase enthusiasm for learning, and promote active participation in the learning process. In addition, most of the studies analyzed showed an increase in students' academic reviews after using interactive media compared to traditional learning methods. The success of using this media is also greatly influenced by teacher motivation, institutions available at school, and the suitability of the media to student needs. Therefore, it is important for teachers to choose the right media and remain innovative. This will make the mathematics learning process more interesting and easier for students.

This study aims to describe how difficulties are experienced by students from each level. The type of research conducted is qualitative descriptive. The subject of the study is a grade VII student at MTs SA Al Murtadho Kedungwaru. There are two instruments used in this study, the main instruments, namely the researcher and the supporting instruments, namely the mathematical anxiety questionnaire, the learning difficulty question test, and the interview guidelines for learning difficulties. The data analysis techniques used are data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. The results showed that students who had low math anxiety tended to have difficulty solving problems that required variable determination. Students who have moderate learning difficulties tend to have difficulty in using principles and difficulties in solving problems that require the determination of variables. Students who experience high anxiety tend to experience all indicators of learning difficulties, ranging from difficulty in presenting concepts, difficulties in using principles, and difficulties in solving problems that require the determination of variables..

Character education is an essential aspect of Islam in shaping individuals with noble morals. Hadith, especially those compiled in Arbain an-Nawawi, contains many moral values that can be applied in daily life. This study aims to identify moral values in Arbain an-Nawawi, analyze how to implement them in education, and examine the challenges and solutions in their application. This research uses content analysis to examine the hadiths in Arbain an-Nawawi.The findings reveal that the moral values in these hadiths fall into three main categories: (1) Morals toward Allah, such as sincerity (ikhlas) and trust in God (tawakal); (2) Morals toward others, such as honesty and compassion; and (3) Morals toward oneself, such as self-reflection and anger management. These values can be taught through exemplary behavior, habituation, self-reflection, and storytelling. However, there are several challenges in implementing hadith-based character education, such as a lack of understanding among educators regarding hadith, an education system that prioritizes academics over character development, and the influence of modern culture and technology. To address these challenges, teacher training, the strengthening of character-based curricula, and the use of technology as a learning medium are necessary. This study is expected to provide insights for the educational sector in strengthening students’ character based on Islamic teachings.    

This research evaluates the implementation of public policies related to natural resource management in Makassar City, Indonesia. Using a qualitative case study approach, this study examines the effectiveness, challenges, and impacts of these policies on sustainable development practices. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with 25 key informants including government officials, resource managers, and affected community members, complemented by document analysis of policy papers and reports. The findings reveal significant gaps between policy formulation and implementation due to institutional fragmentation, limited community participation, and inadequate human resource capacity. While some policies have increased public awareness of conservation, others have failed to prevent environmental degradation, including water quality deterioration and deforestation. This study contributes to understanding the complex dynamics of natural resource governance in rapidly developing urban centers and offers practical recommendations for improving policy implementation through enhanced inter-agency coordination, meaningful community engagement, and capacity building initiatives.

This study aims to determine the efforts to develop character through ro'an (mutual cooperation) actions at the Walisongo Sukajadi Islamic Boarding School. The problem is that in the Islamic boarding school there is a ro'an tradition, namely the tradition of mutual cooperation of students in carrying out the mandate of the boarding school caretaker. The Wali Songo Islamic Boarding School is one of the salafiyyah boarding schools in Central Lampung which has two ro'an traditions, namely monthly or grand ro'an and daily ro'an. Daily ro'an is a ro'an that is specifically carried out by students nderek ndalem or nderek kyai. Through this tradition, the boarding school caretaker tries to instill a character of responsibility and honesty in students. This study is a qualitative study where the researcher provides descriptive data in the form of words, pictures, and not values. Data were obtained from observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study showed (1) The implementation of ro'an activities at the Wali Songo Islamic Boarding School went well. The implementation of ro'an is divided into two activities, namely ro'an carried out by some students and ro'an carried out by all students. Daily ro'an is carried out by the nderek students and is carried out by coordinating between students so that all work entrusted can be completed properly; (2) Instilling a character of responsibility in students through ro'an, including by giving mandates, giving direction, input, and motivation. Meanwhile, instilling an honest character includes getting students used to being honest in everything they do, and giving students trust; (3) The results of ro'an activities in instilling a character of responsibility make students more responsible in carrying out everything they do. Meanwhile, the impact of ro'an activities in instilling an honest character is that students are used to being honest in everything they do.

This study aims to determine the effect of ijarah financing income on total income at BMT An-Nur Muhammadiyah Cimanggu for the 2021-2024 period. This research is a field research using a descriptive-analytical method, meaning that it describes and analyzes data in the field to draw precise and accurate conclusions. The approach used is a quantitative approach. In this study the data used is secondary data in the form of financial reports per semester provided by BMT. The data collection methods are interviews, observation and documentation. The variable in this study is the independent variable in the form of ijarah financing income. While the dependent variable is the total income of BMT. The analytical tool used in this research is simple linear regression. In testing the hypothesis using the coefficient of determination, f test and t test. The results showed that the coefficient of determination (R square) or the determining coefficient was 0.999. Simultaneously, it shows that ijarah income has a significant effect on total income with a significance level of 0.000. Partially, it shows that ijarah income has a significant effect on total income with a significance level of 0.000.

This study examines the effect of ESG disclosure on firm value and the moderating role of competitive advantage in energy sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2020–2023. Using a quantitative approach with purposive sampling and multiple linear regression analysis, the results show that ESG disclosure has a positive and significant effect on firm value. However, when competitive advantage is introduced as a moderating variable, the direct effect of ESG becomes insignificant, while the interaction between ESG disclosure and competitive advantage shows a positive and significant impact on firm value. These findings imply that ESG practices alone may not be sufficient to enhance firm value unless accompanied by a strong competitive position. The study highlights the importance of integrating ESG strategies with the company’s core competencies to maximize value creation, particularly in highly competitive industries like energy.

The main objectives of this study were to determine whether students of grade VIII of SMPS Muhammadiyah 1 Medan could write explanatory texts using the Inquiry model, to find out whether they could write explanatory texts using the Teams Games Tournament model, and to find out how the Teams Games Tournament model affected the ability of grade VIII students in writing explanatory texts. A total of 64 students were selected from a population of 351 grade VIII students and divided into two groups: the experimental group (32 participants) and the control group (32 participants). General statements, sequences of events, conclusions, causal and chronological conjunctions, technical terminology, and nouns were some of the instruments used. After the quantitative test of the two experimental groups, data analysis techniques such as hypothesis testing, normality testing, and analysis requirements testing were applied. The calculated t value > t table (3.42423 > 2.04227), which shows that grade VIII students at SMPS Muhammadiyah 1 Medan significantly increased their capacity in writing explanatory texts during the 2023/2024 academic year, indicating that the Teams Games Tournament Model has a significant impact on the ability to write explanatory texts.

Chitosan is a natural polysaccharide derived from chitin, commonly found in the shells of crustacean animals. The production of chitosan involves several stages: deproteinization, demineralization, and deacetylation, which require the use of acidic and alkaline solutions. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of various types of organic acids and a natural acid source, Averrhoa bilimbi (bilimbi fruit) extract, in the chitosan extraction process from Vannamei shrimp shells. The study employed a completely randomized design with a single factor consisting of four acid treatments: acetic acid (AA), citric acid (CA), lactic acid (LA), and bilimbi fruit extract (BE), each replicated three times. The chitosan obtained from each treatment was analyzed for its chemical characteristics and mineral content, and the results were further analyzed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The best results were obtained from the citric acid treatment, which produced chitosan with a moisture content of 6.59%, a degree of deacetylation of 91.72%, ash content of 2.68%, and magnesium and calcium contents of 2.56 mg/100g and 0.15 mg/100g (dry basis), respectively. In contrast, the bilimbi extract treatment resulted in an ash content of 41.64%, with magnesium and calcium contents of 1456.52 mg/100g and 4.17 mg/100g (dry basis), indicating that the bilimbi fruit extract still has low demineralization effectiveness.

This research discusses how the integration of Islamic values and learning innovation can be applied in Islamic Religious Education in higher education, especially at the Indonesian Education University. The background of this research is the challenges of globalization and technological developments that require Islamic education to continue to innovate without ignoring the principles of sharia. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method, involving lecturers, students, and religious leaders as informants. The results showed that the integration of Islamic values in Islamic education is done through the Islamization of science approach, the use of technology in learning, and the creation of a religious academic environment. In addition, innovations such as Problem-Based Learning and Experiential Learning methods proved to be able to increase students' interest and understanding of Islamic teachings. In conclusion, collaboration between academics, students, and religious leaders is very important in creating Islamic Religion Education learning that is relevant, interesting, and still in accordance with Sharia law. This research is expected to provide an overview and strategic recommendations for the development of Islamic education in the modern

This study explores the potential of community-based tourism in Bili Bante, including aspects of natural beauty, cultural diversity, and ecotourism. The observations show that around 75% of the tourist areas in Bili Bante are still preserved with minimal environmental pollution, making it a potential destination for ecotourism development. In addition, the cultural diversity of the local community, including traditional traditions, traditional music, and handicrafts, can be a strong tourist attraction. The interviews with local people revealed that 60% support the development of community-based tourism to improve the local economy, although 40% are concerned about the negative impacts on the environment if tourism management is not carried out carefully. The main obstacles identified are inadequate infrastructure and lack of destination promotion. Based on these findings, this study recommends increasing investment in infrastructure development, training for local people, and developing more effective marketing strategies. In addition, clear regulations regarding natural resource management and environmental conservation must be enforced to support the sustainability of tourism development in Bili Bante.

This study aims to describe the characteristics of spiritual leadership in the interpretation of Qs. Al-Maidah verse 8. A qualitative-descriptive approach is used in this study and the type of research conducted is library research. The findings obtained are essentially in the Islamic perspective, leadership is a sacred responsibility mandate carried out by individuals to direct themselves, others, and even society as a whole towards shirathal mustaqim based on the principles of Islamic teachings. In Qs. Al-Maidah verse 8, believers are ordered to carry out their work carefully, honestly and sincerely because of Allah, both religious and worldly affairs. Thus, the characteristics of spiritual leadership in Qs. Al-Maidah verse 8 include: (1) upholding justice because of Allah, (2) not being driven by hatred, (3) honesty, (4) being pious to Allah, and (5) being aware of Allah's supervision.

Divorce is a complex social phenomenon with significant impacts on families, especially children. In Islamic law, divorce is permitted as a last resort when household life cannot be maintained, although it is considered the most hated lawful act by Allah. This study analyzes divorce from the perspective of Islamic family law, focusing on the causal factors, legal impacts, and preventive measures. The main factors of divorce include disharmony in relationships, economic problems, the presence of a third party, and domestic violence. The legal impacts include child custody, division of property, and maintenance obligations, which are often not fulfilled by the ex-husband, causing inequality in legal protection for women and children. Recommended preventive measures include premarital education, family counseling based on Islamic values, and strengthening mediation institutions such as BP4. This study uses qualitative methods with literature analysis to provide a comprehensive understanding of divorce in Islamic law and its implications in Indonesia.

This research aims to analyse the effectiveness of differentiated instruction implementation in enhancing critical thinking character in Islamic Elementary School students in Makassar. The research employed a mixed-method approach with an embedded experimental design. The research sample consisted of 68 fourth and fifth-grade students from three Islamic Elementary Schools in Makassar, selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through observation, critical thinking ability tests, interviews, and documentation. Differentiated instruction was implemented for 12 weeks, considering variations in students' learning readiness, interests, and learning profiles. The results showed that: (1) the implementation of differentiated instruction was effective with an implementation rate of 87.5%; (2) there was a significant improvement in students' critical thinking abilities with an effect size of 0.82 (high category); (3) the three aspects of critical thinking that experienced the highest improvement were analyzing arguments, evaluating information, and drawing conclusions based on evidence; (4) success supporting factors included comprehensive lesson planning, school leadership support, teacher competence, and integration of Islamic values in the learning process. This research recommends the implementation of differentiated instruction as a strategy to develop students' critical thinking abilities while considering individual learning characteristics and needs.

Sunlight is the main source of energy for life, but ultraviolet radiation can have negative impacts on the skin, such as sunburn, pigmentation, wrinkles, premature aging, and the risk of skin damage due to excessive exposure. One way to protect the skin from these effects is to use sunscreen. Carrots contain antioxidant compounds that can bind free radicals and prevent cell damage due to oxidation, so they have the potential to be used as a natural ingredient in making sunscreen. This research aims to formulate and test the physical properties of carrot extract lotion as a sunscreen and determine the extract concentration that has the optimal Sun Protection Factor (SPF) value. The method used is experimental by making lotion formulations, testing their physical properties, and measuring the SPF value of each formulation. The research results showed that the KN, F1, F2, and F3 lotion formulations had a semi-solid form which met the formulation requirements. However, KN's SPF value is only 1.23 which does not meet sunscreen standards. Meanwhile, F1 has SPF 8.3 (extra effect category), F2 with SPF 15.06 and F3 with SPF 24.1 (ultra category). F3 shows the best results because with SPF 24.1, this formulation is close to SPF 25 which can protect the skin for up to 4 hours with twice daily use. The higher the concentration of carrot extract, the better its effectiveness in lotion formulation as a sunscreen.