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Polygamy in Islam is permitted under certain conditions, one of which is the obligation to treat wives equally and justly. However, in practice, many instances of polygamy do not align with the noble intentions embedded in Islamic teachings. Polygamy that fails to adhere to the principle of justice can lead to negative impacts on wives, children, and family harmony. These negative effects include violence against women, disruption of family harmony, an increase in divorce rates, and psychological effects on children. Therefore, while polygamy is permitted in Islam, it is essential for the husband to ensure he can fulfill the justice requirements outlined by Islamic law so that the practice of polygamy can bring benefits to all family members. This article discusses the Islamic perspective on polygamy and the negative consequences arising from the practice of polygamy that does not adhere to Islamic teachings.    

This research analyzes the figurative meanings in the lyrics of "Penyangkalan" by For Revenge, an Indonesian rock band, which reflects the emotional experiences of individuals trapped in toxic relationships. Previous studies indicate that figurative language in music can enhance understanding of trauma and psychological defense mechanisms. Yet, there remains a gap in literature examining the relationship between song lyrics and emotional experiences. This study aims to identify and analyze the use of figurative language in "Penyangkalan" lyrics and how these elements convey emotional messages related to toxic relationships. Using a descriptive qualitative approach with text analysis, the study examines the song lyrics through theme identification, pattern recognition, and meaning analysis, validated through triangulation techniques. The findings reveal that the lyrics employ various language styles, including metaphors, personification, and repetition, to portray the complexity of emotions and trauma in toxic relationships, ultimately serving as a mirror for emotional experiences while providing insights into broader psychological impacts in a social context.    

Mental health is very important for society and individuals. However, the stigma of mental illness remains a major barrier for those who need support and treatment. Self-, social, and structural stigma are types of stigma that contribute to isolation and discrimination. The aim of this research is to find out how education and awareness campaigns can prevent the stigma of mental disorders. The methods used include analysis of literature on biological, psychological, and social variables that influence mental health, as well as analysis of primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention methods. The results show that public education, awareness campaigns, and programs in schools based on social media can significantly increase public understanding and reduce unfavorable stereotypes. In conclusion, preventing mental disorders requires a broad approach that includes education, early detection, and community-based intervention. In this way, society can create a friendly, supportive and stigma-free environment to improve everyone's mental well-being.

Drug abuse among children is a serious issue requiring special attention in prevention and handling efforts. This study employs a normative juridical approach to identify challenges and propose solutions regarding legal protection for children involved in drug abuse in Indonesia. The results indicate that existing regulations still face various obstacles in protecting children, particularly in applying restorative justice principles and rehabilitation tailored to children's conditions as offenders. Effective legal protection must consider the psychological and social aspects of the child while emphasizing strong collaboration between the government, non-governmental organizations, and the community to support prevention and rehabilitation efforts. A thorough understanding of the implementation of the Child Protection Law and the Narcotics Law is crucial to enhancing comprehensive legal protection for children in Indonesia. This approach aims to create a more humane system focused on the child's future, enabling them to break free from the cycle of drug abuse and have the opportunity to make positive contributions to society.

The role of teachers in enhancing students' active participation in the learning process, which is considered an important element in the success of teaching and learning activities. This study applies a descriptive qualitative approach and literature review to recognise the various elements that impact on student participation, including internal (psychological and physiological) and external (non-social and social) factors. The article also examines learning strategies such as problem-oriented learning, active learning and project-based learning to enhance student engagement. In addition, methods such as ‘Index Card Match’ and discovery-based learning models are used to increase student participation. The results showed that students' participation contributed significantly to their learning achievement, both through active involvement in discussions and the courage to ask questions. The author suggests the application of creative teaching methods as well as efficient teacher questioning skills to optimise students' participation potential in the classroom.

Legal protection for victims of sexual abuse of minors is very important to guarantee children's rights and provide justice for them. Sexual abuse of children is an act of violence that can have serious impacts on the psychological, social, and physical development of children. Therefore, the state, through various legal policies, plays a role in protecting children from the threat of sexual abuse. In Indonesia, various regulations have been set to provide protection, such as the Child Protection Law, which regulates children's rights to protection from sexual violence. In addition, clear legal mechanisms and psychological assistance processes are also very necessary to ensure the recovery of victims after the incident. The importance of a child-friendly justice system is also highlighted in legal protection efforts, considering that victims often feel intimidated and marginalized in the legal process. A court process that is sensitive to the psychological condition of children will help reduce further trauma for victims. Legal protection also includes imposing strict sanctions on perpetrators to provide a deterrent effect, as well as educating the public about the importance of protecting children from sexual abuse. The government and related institutions must work together to strengthen this protection system.  

Life in orphanages presents various psychological challenges for adolescents, including low self-confidence and limited emotional support. This study aims to improve the resilience of adolescents at Al-Hikmah Orphanage through positive affirmation intervention. The positive affirmation technique is a positive statement written consciously and confidently, which is proven to be effective in overcoming negative thinking, building self-confidence, and creating better psychological conditions. This study used a participatory intervention design involving 10 adolescents aged 16-18 years. The activities included initial data collection through pre-test, introduction to the concept of resilience, emotion management training, problem solving exercises, and decision making. Evaluation was conducted using a post-test to measure changes in resilience, followed by documentation of program results and a final report. The results of the intervention showed significant improvements in adolescents' self-confidence, ability to write life goals, and positive mindset. The main supporting factors were the enthusiasm of the participants, the active support of the caregivers, and the conducive environment of the home. However, some barriers such as deep traumatic experiences, limited experts, and short program duration were challenges that affected the intervention results. Positive affirmation can effectively improve adolescents' resilience by building positive mindsets, reducing anxiety, and strengthening adaptation to stress. For optimal impact, this program needs to be combined with intensive psychological counseling and implemented in a sustainable manner. This approach can also be adapted in other orphanages by adjusting the needs of the local community

Mental health is an important aspect of an individual's well-being, which is influenced by various factors, including the physical environment. Data from the Indonesian Ministry of Health shows an increasing prevalence of mental disorders, with depression and anxiety being the predominant disorders across different age groups. Architecture has a significant influence on psychological well-being, where good space design can reduce stress, increase social interaction, and create a sense of security. Natural lighting, green open spaces, and layouts that support social interaction can help reduce symptoms of anxiety and depression. From an Islamic perspective, mental health is also considered an integral part of well-being, with the concept of maslahah encouraging the creation of environments that support physical and mental well-being, including through space design that takes into account spiritual aspects. Based on recent data, mental disorders, especially depression and anxiety, are on the rise, with significant impacts on society, both in terms of individuals, families, and national productivity. This research aims to examine the implementation of architectural designs that support the healing of mental disorders as well as the relationship between architecture and spirituality according to Islamic views. This research is expected to provide insights in designing spaces that not only support the psychological healing process, but also create an environment that is aligned with spiritual values that can strengthen the mental well-being of individuals.

This research explores the relationship between Fear of Missing Out (FoMO) and mental health among high school students at Saraswati 1 Denpasar High School, Bali. Employing a cross-sectional quantitative approach, the study assessed FoMO levels using the FoMO Scale by Przybylski et al., and mental health aspects—depression, anxiety, and stress—using the DASS-21 scale. A total of 236 students, selected through convenience sampling, participated in the study, with data analyzed using descriptive and correlation tests. The findings indicate that 40.7% of students experienced moderate levels of FoMO, while significant proportions reported severe or very severe anxiety (38.1%) and stress (37.3%). Correlation analyses using Spearman and Pearson tests revealed positive and significant relationships between FoMO and depression (r = 0.322, p < 0.01), anxiety (r = 0.361, p < 0.01), and stress (r = 0.404, p < 0.01). These results emphasize the influence of excessive social media use on adolescents' mental health, highlighting the importance of interventions like counseling and educational programs to address FoMO's psychological effects. The study's limitations include sampling constraints and absenteeism, indicating the need for future research with more comprehensive methods.

Reader response theory offers a dynamic approach to understanding literary interpretation, shifting focus from text-centered analysis to reader engagement. This study investigates reader responses to Diana Wynne Jones's "Howl's Moving Castle" through an analysis of reviews on Goodreads, utilizing Beach's framework of reader-response theory. Employing a qualitative descriptive method, the research collected 60 reader comments, systematically sampling one review per month over the past year. The analysis categorized responses across five dimensions: textual, experiential, psychological, social, and cultural, revealing that experiential responses (33.33%) and textual responses (27.08%) predominated. Additionally, the study examined reader engagement across cognitive (50%), emotional (36.4%), and behavioral (13.6%) dimensions. Findings demonstrate how online reading communities like Goodreads transform literary interpretation from a solitary to a collaborative experience, highlighting the complex ways readers interact with literary texts. By exploring the nuanced responses to "Howl's Moving Castle," this research contributes to our understanding of contemporary reading practices, critical thinking literacy, and the evolving landscape of digital literary engagement.

Primary dysmenorrhoea is a reproductive health problem that is often experienced by adolescent girls. Primary dysmenorrhoea causes discomfort (pain) and other problems. If not treated immediately, it will interfere with learning, daily activities, and school performance. Efforts to treat primary dysmenorrhoea that can be done nonpharmacologically using SEFT therapy. This therapy combines spiritual, physical, and psychological. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of SEFT therapy on primary dysmenorrhoea pain in adolescent girls. The method used was quasi experiment with non-equivalent control group design approach. Samples were selected using purposive sampling as many as 32 adolescents who were divided into intervention groups and control groups. The instruments used were pictorial SEFT therapy procedure, observation sheet, and Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). Data analysis used paired t-test and independent t-test. The results of the analysis showed a decrease in the pain scale in the intervention group with an average of 5.87 to 2.37 and bivariate analysis with a p-value of 0.000 (<0.05). So it can be concluded that there is an effect of SEFT therapy on primary dysmenorrhoea pain in adolescent girls.

Evaluation in the Philosophy of Islamic Education has a crucial role in measuring the success of the learning process and achieving the educational goals that have been set. This journal examines in depth the nature of evaluation in the perspective of Islamic Philosophy of Education. Through literature review, this study analyzes the concept of evaluation in the Qur'an and Hadith, as well as the thoughts of Islamic education figures. The results of the study show that evaluation in Islamic Education has unique characteristics rooted in Islamic values, such as justice, integrity, and the development of individual potential. In addition, this study also identifies challenges and opportunities in the application of evaluation in the context of modern Islamic education. Evaluation is an assessment process that aims to measure the progress and achievement of students in various aspects of life, including mental-psychological and spiritual-religious aspects. Evaluation in Islamic education aims to ensure that students not only have a religious attitude, but also have the knowledge and skills necessary to do charity and serve God and society. which covers all relevant aspects of life and also involves measuring students' attitudes, moral values, skills, and religious spiritual abilities.

The advancement of information and communication technology has significantly altered the ways adolescents interact and establish social relationships, particularly through social media. This study aims to examine the impact of human relations on adolescents' interactions and behaviors on social media platforms, taking into account psychological, sociological, and cultural dimensions. Employing a qualitative approach with a literature review method, this research explores interaction patterns among adolescents on platforms such as Instagram, TikTok, and Twitter. The findings reveal that social media creates virtual spaces that enhance social networks but also pose risks such as reduced quality of face-to-face interactions, social anxiety, and mental health issues. This study emphasizes how the intense use of social media reshapes traditional communication patterns and influences adolescents' behavior and self-concept. Based on these findings, strategic recommendations are proposed for parents, educators, and policymakers to guide healthy social media use, balance its benefits and drawbacks, and foster the development of more meaningful social relationships among adolescents.

The advancement of information and communication technology has significantly altered the ways adolescents interact and establish social relationships, particularly through social media. This study aims to examine the impact of human relations on adolescents' interactions and behaviors on social media platforms, taking into account psychological, sociological, and cultural dimensions. Employing a qualitative approach with a literature review method, this research explores interaction patterns among adolescents on platforms such as Instagram, TikTok, and Twitter. The findings reveal that social media creates virtual spaces that enhance social networks but also pose risks such as reduced quality of face-to-face interactions, social anxiety, and mental health issues. This study emphasizes how the intense use of social media reshapes traditional communication patterns and influences adolescents' behavior and self-concept. Based on these findings, strategic recommendations are proposed for parents, educators, and policymakers to guide healthy social media use, balance its benefits and drawbacks, and foster the development of more meaningful social relationships among adolescents.

Fasting, as one of the main acts of worship in Islam, has a deeper meaning other than just enduring hunger and thirst. It is hoped that this practice can shape individual character, increase spiritual awareness, and have a positive impact on physical and mental health. However, although the spiritual benefits of fasting have been widely discussed, scientific research regarding the impact of fasting on health is still limited. Therefore, this study aims to explore the impact of fasting on physical and psychological health and its influence on self-development. This research uses quantitative methods with an experimental design. A total of 100 participants consisting of individuals who fasted and non-fasted during Ramadan were randomly selected. Data was collected through questionnaires regarding physical and psychological health as well as direct observation of lifestyle before and after fasting. Body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, and stress levels were also measured at two time points: before and after the 30-day fasting period. Data analysis was carried out using the t test to see significant differences between the fasting and non-fasting groups. The results of the study showed that fasting had a significant effect on weight loss, reduced cholesterol levels, and a more stable increase in blood pressure. Psychologically, participants who fasted experienced reduced levels of anxiety and increased concentration and peace of mind. However, this effect is temporary and is more visible in individuals who had a healthy lifestyle before fasting. In addition, most respondents reported increased spiritual closeness and increased feelings of empathy towards others after fasting.

Job Involvement is a situation in which an individual feels a psychological attachment to their work and holds a strong belief in completing their tasks to achieve a high level of self-esteem. Safety performance refers to the worker's performance in prioritizing safety in the workplace by adhering to the applicable health and safety regulations. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of Job Involvement on Safety Performance among ship crew members in improving the safety and security system of maritime operations. The research was conducted at PT. Tonasa Lines, Biring Kassi, Pangkep Regency, South Sulawesi Province. The sample in this study consisted of 100 participants. The sampling techniques used in this research were both probability sampling and non-probability sampling. The method used in this research was quantitative, using the Job Involvement and Safety Performance scales. The data analysis was performed using the Product Moment correlation technique with the assistance of the SPSS 28.0 for Windows program. The results showed a significant positive relationship between the Job Involvement variable and Safety Performance in improving the maritime safety and security system. The significance level was below or equal to 0.040 (p ˃ 0.01), so Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected with a 5% margin of error probability.

The role of parents in providing knowledge about menstrual jurisprudence among young women is very important. Because adolescence is a transition period between childhood and adulthood, during this period children will experience many changes both physically and psychologically. one of the changes is menstruation or menstruation which every young woman experiences. The aim of this research is to determine the role of parents in providing knowledge about menstrual fiqh among young women and the aim of the role of parents in providing knowledge about menstrual fiqh among young women is to help them understand and manage their menstrual cycle in accordance with Islamic teachings. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative research using books, magazines, offline and online articles or the latest journals, all data found from reading sources is then expressed in qualitative descriptive form. The results of this research show that the role of parents in providing knowledge about menstrual jurisprudence among teenagers is very important, this is to ensure that young women feel comfortable, healthy and independent in managing their menstruation. And know the differences between women's blood that comes out of their genitals, namely, menstrual blood, istihadhah blood, and postpartum blood. Apart from that, providing knowledge about menstrual jurisprudence can also help young women understand their responsibilities and obligations as Muslim women.  

Fear of divine punishment is a spiritually charged form of distress that appears in ordinary religious struggle, moral injury, shame-based faith formation, and, in some cases, scrupulosity. This article examines pastoral accompaniment for Christian congregants who interpret suffering, intrusive thoughts, moral imperfection, or ordinary uncertainty as evidence that God is angry and punitive. The study addresses a constructive problem: many pastoral responses either normalize fear as evidence of seriousness before God or dismiss it as irrational anxiety, yet both responses can intensify spiritual distress. Using a conceptual qualitative design, the article synthesizes peer-reviewed studies on religious and spiritual struggles, scrupulosity, spiritually integrated care, moral injury, and practical theology. The analysis proposes that pastoral care should neither dilute theological seriousness nor reinforce punitive images of God. Its main synthesis is a threefold pastoral framework, differentiated assessment, grace-oriented theological reframing, and collaborative accompaniment that includes referral when symptoms suggest obsessive-compulsive disorder, trauma, depression, or suicidal risk. The article concludes that effective pastoral accompaniment moves congregants from retributive anxiety toward secure attachment to God, morally responsible agency, and communal practices of confession, assurance, lament, and restoration. The contribution is a constructive model for churches that treats fear of divine punishment as a theological-psychological struggle requiring discernment, doctrinal care, ethical boundaries, and interdisciplinary cooperation.

This article examines pastoral counseling strategies for congregants whose Christian faith is weakened by sustained exposure to secular digital content. The problem is not framed as a deterministic claim that digital media directly destroys faith, but as a practical-theological concern: algorithmic personalization, secular moral imaginaries, online doubt communities, entertainment habits, and fragmented attention can reshape belief, practice, belonging, and trust in church authority. The study aims to construct a counseling model that is theologically responsible, psychologically informed, and pastorally usable in local churches. Using a conceptual qualitative design, the article synthesizes literature from digital religion studies, mediatization theory, adolescent and emerging-adult religiosity, media psychology, religious coping, and spiritually integrated counseling. The analysis identifies three main findings. First, faith degradation should be diagnosed as a layered process involving cognitive doubt, affective dryness, moral dissonance, ritual discontinuity, and communal displacement. Second, pastoral counseling must move beyond prohibition toward discerning digital habits, rebuilding spiritual attention, and restoring relational trust. Third, an integrated strategy is proposed: assessment of digital-spiritual formation, narrative and theological reconstruction, communal re-embedding, and digital rule-of-life practices. The article concludes that pastoral counseling in the digital age should function as a ministry of interpretive accompaniment rather than merely corrective instruction.

This Community Service Activity (PKM) aims to foster an entrepreneurial spirit from an early age through entrepreneurial literacy in the children of the Al Ikhlas Orphanage in Palu, Central Sulawesi. Entrepreneurial literacy is considered important to equip foster children with knowledge and skills that can support their independence, both financially and psychologically, after leaving the orphanage. Methods for implementing this activity include an introduction to entrepreneurship, providing motivation, practical business idea development sessions, business simulations, and interactive discussions. Evaluation shows that this activity received a positive response from orphanage children and administrators, which encourages the continuation of similar programs in the future. It is hoped that the results of this activity will have a significant impact in preparing the younger generation to be independent and economically productive.