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In facing the changes that occur, companies have difficulty following new regulations because of differences with previous regulations. Companies must be able to optimize functions in all parts of the company organization in order to maintain long-term competitiveness and achieve sustainable success. These rules are formed in standard operational procedures which contain operational procedures to ensure consistency, efficiency, minimize errors and safety in every work activity in the company so that it can run effectively and efficiently. This research aims to know the procedures for creating a Work Procedure System at PT Kilang Pertamina International Refinery Unit V Balikpapan and to find out the supporting and inhibiting factors in the procedure for creating a Work Procedure System. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The technique used in this research involved conducting interviews, observation and documentation supported by 2 informants. Based on the results of this research, the procedure for creating a Work System at PT Kilang Pertamina International Refinery Unit V Balikpapan consist of eight structured stages, starting from preparation to the implementation below 1%. The suggestions provided to maximize performance emphasize the importance of effective communication and management commitment to overcoming obstacles in the creation of the Work System at PT Kilang Pertamina International Refinery Unit V Balikpapan.

Supervision is part of the directing function carried out by supervisors to improve nurse performance. Falls result in injuries such as broken bones or bleeding and can cause death. This is because nurses' lack of optimal compliance with the implementation of fall risk prevention SOP can increase the incidence of patients falling while being treated. One of the incidents of falls comes from not yet optimal SOP planning in an institution. The purpose of this research is to analyze the relationship between head of room supervision and the implementation of fall risk prevention SOP at the Sultan Agung Islamic Hospital.This research is a quantitative research with a cross-sectional approach. Data collection was carried out using questionnaires and observation sheets. The research sample consisted of 50 respondents. This research uses a total sampling technique and is processed statistically with the correlation test used in this research is the spearman rank test.The results of the spearman rank test on the room head supervision data with the implementation of fall risk prevention SOP obtained a p value of 0.000 (<0.05). For further research, it is recommended to expand the scope of research by involving more respondents and hospital institutions in order to obtain more generalizable results.

This study aims to describe and analyze: Public Service Bureaucratic Reform and the factors that support and hinder Public Service Bureaucratic Reform at the Office of the Special Class 1 Immigration Checkpoint for the City of Surabaya. The research method to be used is qualitative descriptive. Data Collection Techniques include: Interviews, Observations, Documentation. The research informant is the Head of the Suarabaya Special Class I Immigration Office. The data analysis technique using interactive model analysis was developed by Miles et al., (2014), namely data condensation, data presentation, and conclusion drawn. The results of the study show that in the institutional aspect in accordance with Law Number 6 of 2011 concerning immigration, the institutional arrangement at the Immigration Office is divided into several parts according to their duties and functions. The current posture of organization is relatively slimmer and flat (not very hierarchical). In the resource aspect, human resource improvement is also carried out through the internal office, namely through performance evaluation meetings. In terms of governance, organizational units/work units within the Surabaya Special Class I Immigration Office currently have and implement systems, procedures, and work mechanisms, as well as service standards that are more standard, clear, efficient, and effective, supported by the optimal use of adequate information and communication technology. Supporting Factors for Bureaucratic Reform at the Special Class I Immigration Office in Surabaya are Productive Apparatus, Representative Policies, and Employee Capacity Building. The inhibiting factor is that there is still a practice of brokerage.

Brain-computer interface (BCI) technology allows a person to learn to control external actuators by means of arbitrary modification of their own EEG directly from the brain without involving nerves and muscles in this process, allowing to control external technical systems directly by brain signals. In the last two decades, BCI technology has been rapidly developing: its areas of application are expanding, new types of sensors for recording brain signals are being proposed, the quality of their recognition is improving, and methods for training subjects to control BCI are being perfected. At the beginning, the main goal of BCI development was to replace or restore motor functions of a person suffering from neuromuscular disorders. Currently, the tasks of BCI development have significantly expanded, increasingly capturing various spheres of life of a healthy person.

Sudden cardiac arrest is a condition that occurs quite frequently. This sudden cessation of heart function is caused by the loss of electrical activity in the heart, which results in the cessation of blood circulation throughout the body. Quick and proper handling of this condition can reduce the mortality rate due to cardiac arrest. Therefore, Basic Life Support (BLS) training needs to be conducted to educate the general public. The BLS training conducted for the management officers and youth of Saint Francis of Assisi Church in Tebet was carried out by providing theoretical and practical BLS lessons, as well as conducting pre-tests and post-tests to assess the participants' understanding of the material and practices provided. From the activity conducted, a total of 22 participants attended the BLS training, and there was a significant difference in the average pre-test and post-test scores. It can be concluded that the training provided was effective in increasing the participants' understanding and knowledge of BLS.

Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disease caused by problems in the body in producing insulin, insulin produced is lacking or nonexistent, or it can be due to the insulin receptor not functioning so that cells cannot receive glucose for metabolism (Black, M. J. & Hawks, 2014; Pranata, S & Khasanah, 2017). Diabetic wounds are caused by infection as a result of high blood glucose, thereby increasing bacterial proliferation, and added to the deficiency of the immune system which causes the wound inflammation period to last a long time. In addition, inappropriate treatment of diabetic wounds (ulcers) can worsen the condition of the wound (Ekaputra, 2013). Therefore, proper and optimal wound care is needed. The wound care method that is currently developing is moist wound healing, which is more effective than conventional methods because it is easy to install, can adjust to the shape of the wound, easy to remove, comfortable to wear, does not need to change dressings frequently, absorbs drainage, presses and immobilizes wounds, prevents new wounds from mechanical injury, prevents infection, improves hemostasis by pressing the dressing. Wound care procedures through Debridement and dressing. Wound debridement can accelerate healing by removing necrotic tissue, particulates, or foreign material, and reducing the bacterial load. The conventional method is to use a scalpel and cut away all unwanted tissue including callus and eschar. Saline-moistened (wet-to-dry) gauze dressings; moisture-retaining dressings (hydrogels, hydrocolloids, hydrofibers, transparent films and alginates) that provide physical and autolytic debridement respectively; and antiseptic dressings (silver dressings, cadexomer). Newer advanced dressings are being studied, such as Vulnamin gel made from amino acids and hyaluronic acid used in conjunction with elastic compression have shown positive results.

Mental disorders are changes in a person's mental function that can cause suffering and hinder the fulfillment of their role in society. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the level of knowledge of family members about mental disorders and the stigma they have towards the condition in the Caringin Health Center work area.Objective: The general objective of this study is to determine the relationship between family members' knowledge about mental disorders and the stigma of family members in the Caringin Health Center work area. Method: This study used a correlational method with a sample size of 44 people selected through cluster random sampling techniques. Results: The results showed that the majority of respondents had a sufficient level of knowledge, namely 20 people (45.5%). Meanwhile, good and low levels of knowledge were found in the same number, each 12 people (27.3%). In terms of stigma, most respondents showed a moderate level of stigma, namely 27 people (61.4%), while respondents with a low level of stigma numbered 8 people (18.2%). Statistical tests using Spearman Correlation produced a P-Value = 0.014, which is smaller than 0.05.

This study examines code-switching practices in Asian professional workplaces, with a specific focus on its linguistic and cultural dimensions. Through a multidisciplinary theoretical framework incorporating Communication Accommodation Theory and Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions, the research investigates how professionals strategically employ code-switching to foster workplace inclusivity, manage hierarchical relationships, and adapt to industry-specific communication demands. The study employs a mixed-methods approach, collecting data through semi-structured interviews with 50 professionals, online surveys (n=200), and 100 hours of workplace observations across various Asian business settings. Results indicate that code-switching serves multiple functions: enhancing communication clarity (87% of respondents), reflecting and reinforcing cultural norms (73%), and mitigating power imbalances in hierarchical structures (65%). The findings underscore code-switching's strategic role in navigating multicultural professional environments, offering practical insights into effective cross-cultural communication strategies and fostering of cohesive professional interactions in Asian workplaces. This research contributes to the growing body of literature on linguistic adaptation in professional contexts and provides practical implications for managing multilingual workplaces in Asia.

The use of ECG patterns as predictors of preeclampsia offers a promising approach, as it is a widely available and cost-effective tool. Specific ECG patterns, including angle of deviation, QRS Complex (Right Ventricular Hypertrophy (RVH) , Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH)), and T wave amplitudes as a potential tool for predicting preeclampsia. The aim of this study is to investigate the predictive role of angle of deviation, QRS Complex (Right Ventricular Hypertrophy (RVH) , Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH)), and T wave amplitudes in preeclamptic pregnant women during the third trimester. Fourty (40) consenting pregnant women were recruited from St. Philomina Catholic Hospital, Edo State, Nigeria. These subjects consisted of  twenty (20) normotensive  and twenty (20) preeclamptic pregnant women in their  third trimester of pregnancy. After the subjects were  identified and recruited into the study, they were taken to the laboratory where their vital signs was taken and their ECG patterns recorded with ECG machine. Data obtained from this study were analysed using Graph Pad Prism 9. Results generated were expressed as mean ± SEM and a P-value of ≤ 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results from this present study show no significant differences were observed in QRS complex angles related to right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH) between normotensive and preeclamptic pregnant women. Notably, there was a significant increase in QRS complex related to left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in preeclamptic pregnant women, indicating left ventricular remodeling's importance. Moreover, there was a significant increase in T wave amplitude, this suggests underlying myocardial electrical remodeling or dysfunction in preeclampsia, emphasizing the need for cardiovascular monitoring. The study underscores the multifactorial nature of cardiovascular changes in preeclampsia and highlights the potential of ECG parameters in aiding early detection.

This research aims to analyze the use of articles or articles in the drama script "Kereta Kencana". Articles are an important linguistic element in Indonesian that influences the understanding and interpretation of texts. Through a linguistic analysis approach, this research examines the use of articles in the context of the drama script, including the role and function of articles. Qualitative analysis methods are used to examine the text in depth with a focus on the use and application of articles or articles in the text. It is hoped that the results of this research will provide a better understanding of the role and function of articles in the drama script "Kereta Kencana", as well as their contribution to the overall understanding of the story and the aesthetic experience of readers or viewers.

This study aims to describe and analyze student management in supporting the Pancasila student profile strengthening project, as well as to the challenges and strategies in overcoming obstacles in implementing student management to support the Pancasila student profile strengthening project. The method used is descriptive qualitative with data collection tools, namely interviews, observations and documentation. Data were analyzed using the interactive model analysis method. The results of the study concluded that student management in supporting the Pancasila student profile strengthening project has implemented the functions and principles of student management through the process of planning, organizing, implementing, and supervising activities carried out properly involving internal elements of the education unit. The challenges in implementing student management in supporting the Pancasila student profile strengthening project include facilities and infrastructure, lack of student motivation, and lack of understanding of the impact of activities on character development. Strategies to overcome the challenges of student management in supporting the Pancasila student profile strengthening project include strengthening teacher competency in managing students, innovative learning, collaboration between schools and parents, stakeholder involvement and participation in school activities, and encouraging student involvement in various activities at school

This study examines Ahmad Dahlan's thoughts on education as a means of community empowerment and social transformation. Ahmad Dahlan, the founder of the Muhammadiyah organization, viewed education as the primary tool to liberate Muslims from ignorance, backwardness, and social injustice. His educational approach integrated religious and general sciences while providing practical skills relevant to societal needs. This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach with a literature study to explore Ahmad Dahlan's educational concepts and their application in community empowerment. The findings reveal that Ahmad Dahlan emphasized inclusive education, ensuring access for all social groups, including the poor and women, while focusing on the development of individuals with strong social and moral awareness. In his perspective, education functions as an agent of social change, fostering a more just, prosperous, and civilized society. Rooted in Islamic values, his educational model remains relevant in addressing modern educational challenges.    

This study aims to describe and analyze: the relationship between the village government and the village consultative body (BPD) in the formulation of the APBDes and the obstacles faced by the village government and the village consultative body in the formulation of the APBDes in the village. The data analysis technique in the study uses a technique developed by McNabb (2002), namely Grouping the data according to key constructs, identifying bases for interpretation, developing generalizations from the data, Testing Alternative interpretations and Forming and/or refining generalizable theory from case study. The results of the study showed. The relationship between the Village Government and BPD in the formulation of the Village Revenue and Expenditure Budget in Sidoraharjo Village, Kedamean District, Gresik Regency is a partnership. Each institution carries out its roles and functions in accordance with Gresik Regent Regulation Number 25 of 2024, Law Number 22 of 1999 and Law Number 23 of 2014. This relationship between the implementation of the legislative function of formulating the village budget and expenditure by the BPD and the Sidoraharjo Village Government has been carried out and in accordance with the Laws and Regulations and the correct stages.  The authority of the BPD and the Village Government is to discuss the draft budget and village expenditure in accordance with the stages of the stages, namely the initiation stage, the socio-political stage, and the juridical stage.  The implementation of coordination in the formulation of the village budget and expenditure by the BPD and the Sidoraharjo Village Government has been carried out and in accordance with the Laws and Regulations and the correct stages. The Village Government and BPD have carried out their respective wars through the preparation stage, making budget plans and ratification carried out together. The Village Consultative Body (BPD) has carried out its supervisory function by supervising all actions taken by the Village Executive on the implementation of the village budget and expenditure Obstacles faced by the Village Government and BPD in the process of formulating the village revenue and expenditure budget include: Internal obstacles are human resources (human resources) that are not qualified in the economic field External obstacles are the lack of technical guidance from the Regional Government, especially in the field of legislation.  

This study aims to describe and analyze: the supervisory function of the APBD carried out by the Maybrat Regency DPRD and the supporting and inhibiting factors of the Supervisory Function. The data analysis technique uses a technique developed by McNabb (2002), namely Grouping the data according to key constructs, identifying bases for interpretation, developing generalizations from the data, Testing Alternative interpretations and Forming and/or refining generalizable theory from case study. The results of the study show that supervision is carried out by the Maybrat Regency DPRD on the Regional Government Budget, based on the duties and authorities that exist in the DPRD as stipulated in article 154 paragraph 1 (one) point (c) of Law Number 23 of 2014. The Media/Supervisory Tools of the Maybrat Regency DPRD on the APBD are: Commissions, Special Committees (Pansus) and Working Groups (Pokja). The time for the implementation of supervision carried out by the Council Members is carried out since the person concerned is inaugurated and can be carried out at any time. The method of supervision carried out by the legislature over the executive is through 2 (two) ways, namely: Indirect supervision and Direct supervision. The DPRD is in the stage of preventive supervision, lacking maximum performance Repressive supervision carried out by the DPRD is still not clearly visible in carrying out APBD supervision. Factors that support the DPRD's Supervision of the Maybrat Regency Budget include: Reform Atmosphere and Regional Conditions Along with the pace of the reform wheel. There are checks and balances between the DPRD and the Executive.  Education Level of Maybrat Regency DPRD Members, out of 20 council members, 12 council members have passed strata 1 and 2. Factors that hinder the DPRD's Supervision of the Maybrat Regency Budget include: Experience and Understanding of Supervision Duties. Unprofessional Attitude and Lack of Supporting Facilities

Business competition in the era of globalization has led various companies to compete in acquiring and maintaining their market share. This includes sectors such as trade, education, transportation, and others. This condition forces companies to develop appropriate strategies to achieve competitive advantage, ensuring they retain their market and win the competition. This research focuses on Sogo Surabaya, a shopping center visited by numerous consumers daily due to its strategic location in the city center, integrated with Tunjungan Plaza, and situated along a main road, making it easily accessible. Sogo Surabaya functions as a store providing various fashion-related needs, including formal attire such as suits and kebayas, as well as casual clothing for young people and teenagers, like t-shirts and jeans. The store atmosphere follows a typical shopping center design. Elements of the store atmosphere include interior design, product layout, air circulation, spatial arrangement, wall colors, room fragrance, furniture materials, and the products sold. The data used in this research is primary data obtained through questionnaires distributed to customers shopping at Sogo Surabaya. 

Background: Diabetes mellitus type 2  is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia and endocrine dysfunction, including disturbances in luteinizing hormone, testosterone, and insulin levels. Moringa pterygosperma, known for its antidiabetic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties, has been explored for its therapeutic potential in mitigating diabetes-induced complications.Objective: The present study aimed to estimate the effects of Moringa pterygosperma extraction on endocrine and metabolic parameters against the diabetic rats induced by alloxan, by the mensurate the on LH, testosterone, glucose, and insulin levels.Methods: Forty adult male albino Wistar rats were used in the present study which was divided into four equal groups: Control, Negative Control, Treatment one which used 100 mg/kg extract, and Treatment two which used 200 mg/kg extract). Diabetes was induced with alloxan monohydrate (100 mg/kg). After 41 days, serum samples were analyzed for testosterone, LH, glucose, and insulin concentrations. Results: The NC group showed significant reductions in testosterone (0.0926 ± 0.0081 ng/mL) and insulin (0.560 ± 0.09274 µIU/mL) levels, with increased luteinizing hormone (0.592 ± 0.03 ng/mL) and glucose (464.6 ± 18.71 mg/dL) concentrations, indicating severe endocrine and metabolic disruptions. Treatment with Moringa pterygosperma extract significantly improved these parameters in a dose-dependent manner. The T2 group exhibited near-normal levels of testosterone (0.1769 ± 0.01 ng/mL), insulin (2.140 ± 0.1435 µIU/mL), LH (0.3163 ± 0.063 ng/mL), and glucose (105.8 ± 9.34 mg/dL).

This study aims to describe and analyze the role of the Secretariat of the Regional House of Representatives and the factors that affect the role of the Secretariat of the Regional House of Representatives in the implementation of the duties and functions of the Regional House of Representatives of Situbondo Regency. The data analysis technique in the study uses a technique developed by McNabb (2002), namely Grouping the data according to key constructs, identifying bases for interpretation, developing generalizations from the data, Testing Alternative interpretations and Forming and/or refining generalizable theory from case study. The results of the study showed. The Role of the DPRD Secretariat in the Implementation of Secretariat Administration and Financial Administration. The role of the Situbondo Regency DPRD Secretariat in the formulation of Regional Regulations that can control political dynamics. The Secretariat of the Regency DPRD carries out its role in providing facilitation for the running of the session or meeting. The role of the DPRD Secretariat is to provide and coordinate the experts needed by the DPRD in carrying out its functions according to needs. The Secretariat of the Situbondo Regency DPRD facilitates all the needs and needs of DPRD Members in carrying out their functions: one of them is in the field of Legislation. Factors that affect the role of the Secretariat of the House of Representatives include leadership factors. The leader or head of the SKPD of the Secretariat of the Sutubondo Regency DPRD in leading and carrying out service activities, applying an instructional, consultative and participatory leadership style.  The discipline factor is a factor that affects the success or becomes a factor that hinders the role of the Situbondo Regency DPRD Secretariat. The discipline factor applied in the DPRD Secretariat is in the form of accuracy and responsibility in carrying out secretarial duties. The human resources owned by the Secretariat have been very supportive, both work experience and the number of employees. The available human resources will certainly affect the organization such as services and improving the performance of the Situbondo Regency DPRD Secretariat

The objectives of this study are: To determine the role of sea transportation in supporting the fulfillment of logistics needs through Timika Regency. To determine the strategy for developing sea transportation in supporting the fulfillment of logistics needs in Timika Regency. Research Objectives: 1) to determine the role of sea transportation in supporting the fulfillment of logistics needs through Timika Regency. 2) To determine the development of sea transportation in supporting the fulfillment of logistics needs through Timika Regency. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive research method. The research was conducted at the UPP Office and the Class II Timika Papua Tengah Port Authority. The research was conducted from March to June. The data collection techniques used were observation, documents, interviews. Research results: Efforts made by the UPP Office to improve ship safety at Timika Port 1) online inspection of ship documents and ship physicals 2) a. Opening access to isolated, remote, underdeveloped, and border areas to encourage increased local production and overcome disparities between regions. b. Connecting relatively underdeveloped inland areas with more advanced trade and government service centers. c. Establishing functional linkages between production areas and collection and distribution centers.

Introduction Elderly (elderly) is the final phase in human life marked by various changes in the anatomical structure and physiological functions of the body .Purpose: The outreach aims to provide education to the elderly regarding peripheral neuropathy, especially regarding its causes and how to do exercises independently at home to reduce the symptoms they experience. Therefore, the specific goal to be achieved is for the elderly to realize the importance of doing independent exercise at home in order to speed up recovery from the complaints they feel. Method: The methods used in Community Physiotherapy activities include counseling regarding definitions, symptoms, causal factors and physiotherapy management which can be carried out independently by the elderly. Before counseling, elderly people are asked to fill out a pre-test questionnaire to find out the extent of their understanding regarding peripheral neuropathy or tingling in the wrist and educate them on exercises and treatments that can be done at home to reduce complaints.Conclusion: The counseling carried out at the Posyandu for the Elderly in Krajan Argosari Village, Jabung, Malang, succeeded in providing knowledge and insight to the elderly regarding peripheral neuropathy. With this education, seniors are expected to be able to prevent and treat peripheral neuropathy independently through active exercise:

Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded: 1) curriculum planning for the full day school program refers to the quality standards of the school's uniqueness. Schools also make learning unit programs and lesson plans (RPP) in accordance with the SKL. The school also makes a work program based on the SKL, 2) Based on the findings of the FDS system curriculum at Yadka Bangil Junior High School, it can be seen that this school seeks to liven up an Islamic atmosphere as part of learning. Student activities at this school begin at 06.45 WIB with morning activities. Duha prayer, Recitation and GLS), opening and apperception, tahfiz (memorization of the Koran) and delivery of subject matter interspersed with the term Zuhur prayer. The activity ended at 15.30 WIB with recitations (reading the Koran) and Asr prayers. The midday and Asr prayers are carried out in congregation in the mosque by teachers and students, Duha prayers are also carried out by students in turns and accompanied by teachers. The clothes of the teachers and employees are adjusted to the rules in Islam plus the rules of etiquette for communicating with the opposite sex. All of these activities are in accordance with the curriculum function created by SMP Yadika Bangil, namely the cultivation of values, mental adjustment and prevention of negative things, 3) The implementation of a full day school program in the formation of children's character can be implemented through discipline applied in habituation, example. , strengthening, and fun learning. By implementing this method, the formation of a good character for children at SMP Yadika Bangil can be achieved.