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The aim of this research is to find out whether there is a difference in the learning activity of students who use the reciprocal teaching model compared to conventional ones in class VIII Christian Religious Education and Character education at SMP Negeri 2 Pollung for the 2023/2024 academic year. The research hypothesis is: "The Reciprocal Teaching Model has a positive and significant effect on the Learning Activeness of Christian Religious Education and Character Education Students in Class VIII of SMP Negeri 2 Pollung for the 2023/2024 Academic Year." The population is all students who are Protestant Christians in Class VIII of SMP Negeri 2 Pollung which consists of 6 classes totaling 180 students. The research sample was determined using the Purposive Sampling technique, namely 30 students in class VIII5 as the experimental class which used the reciprocal teaching model and 30 students in class VIII4 as the control class which used ordinary treatment (conventional class). This research method is the Quasi Experimental Design method using a Nonequivalent Control Design. The instrument used in this research was a test with 30 items. Research data for the questionnaire was analyzed using the average difference test formula (N-Gain Score). It was found that the average value for the experimental class was 0.6370 in the medium category, while the average value for the control class was 0.2531. in the low category so it is known that increasing the Learning Activeness of Class VIII Christian Religious Education and Character Education students at SMP Negeri 2 Pollung for the 2023/2024 academic year is more effective using the Reciprocal Teaching model than using conventional treatment. Then carrying out an independent test using the t test obtained a value of t = 7.040 > t table (α = 0.05; df = 58) = 2,000. Thus, it can be concluded that the research hypothesis is accepted, namely that there is a difference in the learning activity of students before and after learning with the Reciprocal Teaching Model in Learning Christian Religious Education and Character Education for Class VIII SMP Negeri 2 Pollung for the 2023/2024 Academic Year and H0 is rejected.

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is a freshwater fish that is in great demand by the public because it has a thick meat texture and an affordable price. The problems faced in aquaculture activities are the high cost of feed and the length of cultivation time. Feed is a vital component in aquaculture activities, therefore feed efficiency is needed to minimize production costs. The addition of fermented moringa leaf extract in pellets is expected to accelerate the growth period. This study aims to determine the effect of the addition of fermented moringa leaf extract on tilapia growth rate. This study used a complete randomized design (CRD) method with 4 treatments, namely the addition of moringa leaf extract to pellets with concentrations of 0%, 25%, 30%, 35%. The treatment was carried out for 28 days. Parameters observed in this study were fish growth including fish length, fish weight, survival rate (SR), food conversion rate (FCR) and water quality in the form of temperature, pH and DO. The data were analyzed using anova and SPSS application. The results showed that the addition of fermented moringa leaf extract with concentrations of 0%, 25%, 30% and 35% in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) feed for 28 days had a significant effect on tilapia growth.  

Snacks among school children still contain many unhealthy ingredients (high sugar salt and saturated fat) fulfillment of the nutritional needs of school children can be achieved by changing to healthier snacks, one of which is snack bars. Fulfillment of nutrients in making snack bars can be obtained from local food ingredients, namely purple sweet potato flour and moringa seed flour. The aim is to determine the acceptability, nutritional content and antioxidant power of snack bar formula substituted with purple sweet potato flour and moringa seed flour as a healthy snack for school children. The design used a completely randomized design (CRD) method. Formulation of making snack bar substitution of purple sweet potato flour and moringa seed flour with three treatments F1 (90%:10%), F2 (80%:20%), and F3 (70%:30%). Research Results: Based on the results of the acceptability test, the selected formulation is F2. The snack bar contains 33.769% protein, 8.941% fat, 30.22% carbohydrate, 29.546% moisture content, 1.81% ash content, and IC50 antioxidant power of 101.354 ppm (medium).  

Red dragon fruit peel has high antioxidant content and abundant availability in Indonesia but is still rarely utilized. Brown rice has a higher fiber content than white rice. Brown rice and dragon fruit skin can be processed into keciput snacks. Keciput is a snack made from glutinous rice flour wrapped in sesame seeds that can be varied in shape, color and taste. The aim is to determine the effect of the acceptability of red dragon fruit peel keciput with the addition of brown rice flour as a healthy snack. Completely randomized design (CRD) experiment with 3 treatments on red dragon fruit peel and brown rice F1 (50%:50%), F2 (60%:40%) and F3 (70%:30%). Acceptability test on 30 untrained panelists and analyzed using Kruskal Wallis and Mann Whitney tests with a significance of p<0.05. Analysis of fiber content, protein, and antioxidant power was done twice on the selected formulations. There was an effect on the acceptability of red dragon fruit skin snails and brown rice flour (p<0.001). There was no effect of acceptability in the comparison of F2 and F3 on color, aroma, and taste (p=0.252; p=8.24; p=0.247). The highest mean value of acceptability was in F2 (selected). F2 contained 27.653% fiber, 17.346% protein, and 107.268 ppm antioxidant power.

Increasing catfish seed production sustainably is important to meet market needs. One effort to increase seed production is through the degree of egg hatching. This study aims to test the effectiveness of the application of the green water system on the success of hatching sangkuriang catfish eggs. The method used in this study was an experiment with two levels of treatment and 3 replications. The results of the study from the spawning of a pair of parents, obtained an average fertilization rate value produced in the GWS pond of 96.6% and the control pond 97.4%. In addition, the hatching rate showed a difference, with an average in the GWS pond of 90.6% while in the control pond 78.3%. The difference in the degree of egg hatching in the GWS pond can be associated with several factors, such as the availability of higher dissolved oxygen. Dissolved oxygen in the GWS pond is higher through the process of photosynthesis. Chlorophyceae is the most abundant phytoplankton found in the GWS hatching pond. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the implementation of the Green Water System is effective in increasing the hatching of sangkuriang catfish eggs with an HR of 90.6%. This can be an alternative technology that is useful for cultivators to increase seed production.

Handling drug trafficking in rural areas is a serious challenge in Indonesia, especially in villages classified as "red zones". Ringinarum Village, Kendal Regency, is a clear example of a village that faces a significant drug threat. This research aims to analyze in depth the strategy for implementing the Bersinar Village Program in dealing with villages that fall into the red zone category, with a special focus on Ringinarum Village. Using a qualitative approach and case study method, this research evaluates the effectiveness of the Bersinar Village Program in increasing community awareness and participation in rehabilitation efforts. The research results show that this program has succeeded in increasing public awareness of the importance of drug treatment, as well as increasing their active participation in rehabilitation programs. Collaboration between the Kendal Regency National Narcotics Agency (BNN) and village officials is the key to success, with the vital role of village officials as the main driver. This research confirms the importance of adapting programs to local contexts for higher effectiveness in dealing with drugs in rural areas.

Bed rest is one of the factors that can cause skin integrity disorders. Bed rest for a long time can cause physiological changes in the patient's body system, one of which can cause the appearance of decubitus in the integument system. The treatment technique that can be given is by giving Effleurage Massage with Virgin Coconut Oil. To find out the results of the implementation of Effleurage Massage with Virgin Coconut Oil on the Risk of Decubitus in Bed Rest Patients in the Kartasura Health Center Working Area. This research used a descriptive design on 2 (two) male respondents aged 63 and 78 years which was conducted from 4 June - 6 June 2024 in Singopuran Village, Kartasura, Sukoharjo with each respondent being given massage intervention for 3 consecutive days. join in. The instrument used is the Braden Scale to measure the level of skin integrity score. There was an increase in the Braden scale score between before and after application to Mr. S and Mr. N. The application of Effleurage Massage with Virgin Coconut Oil is effective in increasing the skin integrity score in bed rest sufferers who are at risk of pressure ulcers in Singopuran Village, Kartasura, Sukoharjo.

Background : Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disorder caused by the pancreas being unable to produce insulin or unable to use insulin effectively, which is characterzed by an ncrease in blood sugar levels (Hyperglicemia), usually accompanied by the appearance of symptoms such as polyuria, polydipsia and polyphagia. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus n Marwah ward from April to June was 66 patients who experienced diabetic ulcers. Objective : to determine the level of Diabetes Mellitus wounds before and after treatment using 0.9% Nacl, and to see the comparison between the two. Method : This research shows that there is no change before and after wound treatment with 0.9% Nacl. On the degree of ulcuraton, but there was a reduction before treatment with Nacl 0.9% the wound appeared to have pus and was dirty and after treatment with Nacl 0.9% the wound looked clean and the pus was reduced. Results : This study showed that there was no change in the degree of ulceration, but there was a reduction in pus in the wound and the wound looked cleaner. Conclusion : After applying wound care with 0.9% Nacl to TN.

Background: According to the National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel, a decubitus wound is an area of ??scar tissue on the skin or soft tissue that covers a protruding bone. Wound treatment from various traditional medical sciences such as Ayurveda, traditional Chinese medicine, or traditional Roman medicine, one of which uses honey as a wound treatment modality. Research Objective: To determine nursing care for decubitus ulcer patients using honey therapy intervention for wound healing. Research Results: The results of the first day of implementation were that wounds that were previously open became closed. The results of the second day of implementation were that granulation tissue began to appear. And the results of the implementation on the third day were a reduction in the area of ??the wound from 4x3 cm to 3x3 cm. Conclusion: Based on the results of implementation and evaluation for 3 days with the intervention of providing honey therapy for wound healing. Honey therapy intervention for wound healing carried out in a multidisciplinary manner produces significant changes both objectively and subjectively. Suggestion: It is hoped that honey therapy can become an independent nursing action in healing wounds.

Elderly people at the Kenanga 1 elderly posyandu who were given core stability exercises and chair base exercises. This type of quasi-experimental research is a two group pre and post test design approach, with a sample size of 50 people measured using the modified Schober test. From the test results using the wilcoxon sig value. Amoundted to 0,001(sig,<0,005) there wasan infulance of the core stability exercise treatment group, while the wilcoxon tets in the chair based exercise group resulted in a sig equal to 0,001(sig<0,005) there is influence on the chair based exercise treatment group. Man Whitney, a value of 0.210 (sig, > 0.05) was obtained, which means there was no difference in effect between the chair based exercise and core stability exercise groups. There is no significant difference between the core stability exercise and chair based exercise groups.

Background: Indonesia is included in the category of gout arthritis sufferers which is quite high at 35% in the world, while in Central Java it reaches 7.3% while based on symptom diagnosis it is 24.7%, for the prevalence of gout arthritis in Sukoharjo City is 21.04%. The highest number of gout arthritis patients at the Sukoharjo Health Center is 134 sufferers, from the high value of gout arthritis in Indonesia if not treated cause pain and tingling in the joint area. For this reason, efforts are needed to control gout. One of the treatment is to do a warm compress of cinnamon. Purpose: Determine the pain scale before and after the administration of cinnamon warm compresses and see the effect of cinnamon warm compresses on pain in patients with gout arthritis. Method: This type of application uses a descriptive research method and by observing 2 respondents with a history of gout arthritis and given the implementation of a warm cinnamon compress. Result: The scale of pain after being given a warm cinnamon compress is mild pain. Conclusion: There is an effect of giving cinnamon warm compresses on pain in people with gout arthritis.

In Indonesia, people keep a lot of animals, such as dogs. Dogs are one of the favorite animals commonly kept by humans. Dogs are usually favorite animals that can be used as companions, guarding the house, hunting and so on. Alvi Deiectiones (Diarrhea) disease is caused by eating food errors (such as eating leftover or stale food), changing types of food without a transition period, viral, bacterial, or parasitic infections.One of the problems often encountered at the Binjai Petshop clinic is diarrheal disease in dogs. The lack of knowledge in people who keep dogs about diarrhea disease and the limited existence of veterinary clinics, time and money make many cases of improper treatment that worsen the dog's condition. To help overcome this problem is to create an Expert System that can diagnose diseases based on the symptoms that occur to detect the disease experienced. Expert System can be interpreted as a collection of facts that have been collected to show the symptoms of a disease and can provide an explanation based on consultation with the expert.

In order for students to achieve the best learning outcomes, they must be involved in their studies and confident. Combining the debate method and the Number Head method together is one of the useful strategies to increase self-confidence and activity. If the Number Head Together method encourages students to actively participate in their education, the debate method seeks to develop students' self-confidence in voicing their opinions. The purpose of this study was to determine the difference in the influence of the experimental class and the control class. The Independent T-Test and Test 3 (Hotteling's T2 Test) were used in experimental research and hypothesis testing. From the first hypothesis test, the Sig value was produced. 0.068> 0.05, which means that there is no effect of learning with a combination of the Number Head Together - Debate Method and learning without treatment on student learning activity. While the results of the second Hypothesis test show a Sig value. 0.416> 0.05, namely there is no effect of learning with a combination of the Number Head Together - Debate Method on student self-confidence. And the results of the Hotteling T2 test show that the ρ-value for learning activity is 0.342 > 0.05, meaning that there is no difference in the average learning activity between students from both classes. The ρ-value for self-confidence is 0.049 < 0.05, meaning that there is a difference in the average self-confidence between students from both classes.

Menstrual pain problems sometimes become a problem for women when they visit a doctor because of menstruation. This condition becomes worse if accompanied by an unstable psychological state, such as stress, depression, excessive anxiety, and excessive feelings of sadness or happiness. Knowledge about dysmenorrhea has a significant impact on attitudes towards dysmenorrhea, women who have sufficient knowledge and get the right explanation about dysmenorrhea about dealing with symptoms and complaints with an enthusiastic attitude. This study aims to determine the Picture of Dysmenorrhea Handling Attitudes in Adolescent Girls at SMA St. Petrus Medan in 2024. This study uses a quantitative method with a descriptive research type. This study uses a questionnaire with a research population of 107 respondents. Sampling was carried out using a purposive sampling technique with a total of 53 respondents. The results of the study showed that Adolescent Girls at SMA St. Petrus Medan 2024 regarding attitudes towards signs and symptoms of dysmenorrhea as many as 44 respondents (83.0%) in the negative category, attitudes towards preventing dysmenorrhea as many as 27 respondents (50.9%) in the negative category, attitudes towards handling dysmenorrhea as many as 33 respondents (62.3%) in the negative category, attitudes towards handling 44 respondents (83.0%) in the negative category. It is hoped that there will be an increase in health education about handling dysmenorrhea carried out by health workers and teachers to improve the knowledge of female students of St. Petrus High School regarding handling dysmenorrhea.

Lemongrass has many benefits that can be processed into processed ingredients in traditional medicine to overcome diseases, especially to relieve leg pain that attacks children and adults. Lemongrass in Manen Kaleka village is quite abundant because it is easy to grow lemongrass in the area. Lemongrass plants are only widely sold in the Manen Kaleka village market only for cooking ingredients and its economic value can be said to be still low because of the level of processing. One of the measures that have been shown to be effective non-pharmacologically to reduce pain is to warm the affected joint. This lemongrass soak can be used in the treatment of pain and relax tense muscles. Plants that have substances as warmers, anti-inflammatories and can smooth blood flow such as lemongrass. The purpose of this activity is to describe the use of lemongrass decoction in traditional medicine for leg pain at the Manen Kaleka Village Posyandu in 2024, as well as to explore its potential benefits for public health.

The increasing prevalence of breast cancer, which continues to rise annually, presents a significant threat to women, including adolescents. Adolescents experience rapid physical development, especially in the breast area. Early detection of breast cancer through regular breast self-examination (BSE) is crucial for this age group. This study aimed to identify the factors (knowledge, attitude, and support from healthcare providers) that influence BSE behavior among adolescents in Gampong Bak Buloh, Kuta Baro District, Aceh Besar Regency. Using a cross-sectional design and a purposive sample of 40 adolescents, the study found that a positive attitude had a 22% greater impact on BSE behavior compared to a negative attitude, while knowledge and support from healthcare providers equally influenced BSE behavior by 16%. It's crucial for healthcare providers to regularly promote BSE to empower both adolescents and adult women to detect breast cancer early, thus enabling prompt treatment.    

Breast cancer is when cells lose their ability to run mechanisms as they should and function normally. The global prevalence of breast cancer is 2.3 million women diagnosed with the disease. The side effects of treatment and the cancer itself often cause fatigue, one of the most common complaints of breast cancer patients. The most common management is a non-pharmacological therapy of Benson relaxation and lavender aromatherapy to manage fatigue. This quasi-experimental research determined the influence of Benson relaxation and lavender aromatherapy on fatigue in breast cancer patients with a one-group pretest-posttest approach. This study involved a total of 31 breast cancer patients, selected through a purposive sampling technique. The Wilcoxon test found a p-value of 0.014 (<0.05), indicating the effect of Benson relaxation and lavender aromatherapy collaboration toward fatigue in breast cancer patients. Nurses anticipate the application of this research to manage patients' fatigue levels, while non-pharmacological therapeutic research could potentially lower fatigue rates in other chronic diseases by incorporating new variables and extending therapy duration for a more substantial impact.

Hypertension is a growing epidemic in the United States, with more than 40% of adults aged 45-64 years and more than 70% of adults aged 65 years and older diagnosed with this condition. Hyperglycemia and high cholesterol contribute to damage to blood vessel walls which triggers hypertension. Physical damage due to hypertension is cumulative, so compliance with treatment is the key to preventing serious illnesses such as end-stage kidney disease. In an effort to improve self-management of elderly people with hypertension, health education activities were carried out at the Wesabbe Complex, working area of ​​the Tamalanrea Community Health Center, Makassar, involving 30 participants. The activity lasted for two days and included lectures, discussions, distribution of leaflets, and blood pressure checks. The results showed an increase in self-management, where before the activity, 66.7% of participants had poor self-management, but after education, 86.7% of participants showed a significant increase in self-management. The evaluation showed an increase in participants' knowledge in hypertension management, including the ability to control blood pressure and recognize signs of increased blood pressure. Conclusion: Health education has proven effective in improving self-management of elderly people with hypertension, which has an impact on increasing their ability to control blood pressure and make health decisions independently. It is recommended that more adequate facilities and infrastructure be provided to support activities to improve public health in the Wesabbe Complex in the Tamalanrea Makassar Health Center Working Area.

Tuberculosis is one of the world's health problems, especially in developing countries. Treatment regimen with multiple first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs (ATD) such as Isoniazid, Rifampicin, Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol, and Streptomycin remains the most effective for treatment of tuberculosis. Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) to antituberculosis drugs may range from mild gastrointestinal disturbances to serious hepatotoxicity, peripheral neuropathy, and cutaneous adverse effects. We report a 65 year old male patient with a complaint of yellowish discoloration of sclera, nausea and vomiting after three days of initiation of ATD therapy. The patient has been diagnosed with Tuberculosis relapse and has been taking ATD since June 2024. The patient noted epigastric pain. Laboratory examination found an increase in bilirubin level and electrolyte imbalance. The treatment is in the form of discontinuation of ATD, supportive therapy and followed by hepatoprotective supplements. ATD should be discontinued in patients with hepatotoxicity and fixed drug eruption until liver function and clinical symptoms improve. Initiation of ATD administration is carried out by administering one by one regimen. The patient is currently experiencing antituberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity, which is managed by providing supportive care and different AT regimens were prescribed.

This research aims to develop a web-based expert system with the Forward Chaining method that can diagnose and provide treatment for people with stroke disease. The expert system will be used to help the diagnosis process by analyzing the symptoms reported by the patient. The Forward Chaining method will be used as an inference approach in this expert system. The system will use a knowledge base that contains medical rules obtained from experts. The inference process will be carried out by linking the symptoms reported by the patient with the information in the knowledge base to determine possible diagnoses and appropriate treatments. This expert system will be implemented in the form of a web-based application that can be accessed by the general public. The results of this study show that the expert system to diagnose and provide treatment using the forward chaining method is successfully built and the application can be used to help the general public diagnose by entering the symptoms felt and the expert system will provide diagnostic results and provide treatment.