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The process of making traditional musical instruments Rabab Pasisia in South Pesisir Regency. This study aims to describe the process of making Rabab Pasisia musical instruments. The approach used is a qualitative approach with a descriptive type of research. This research was conducted with data collection techniques used are observation, interview and documentation techniques. Data analysis techniques are carried out by reducing, presenting data and verifying this data aims to find out the structure, process, manufacturing techniques, playing techniques, from Rabab Pasisia. This musical instrument is made of jariang wood and has different tones, and uses several types of wood. The results of this study show that the parts and stages of the process of making traditional Rabab Pasisia musical instruments include: wooden mangkapatiah for Rabab bodies, sketching rabab patterns, making rabab tongues, installing rabab friction nylon, making rabab kudo-kudo, and how to produce sounds, tuning systems on traditional Rabab Pasisia musical instruments. The instruments used in the process of making traditional musical instruments Gandang Tambua include: Lantiak Knife (containing rabab tongue), Kapatiah (forming rabab body), Cutting Saw, Hammer (Stick), Measuring instrument (meter), Pencil, Sandpaper, Scissors. The ingredients are; Jariang Wood (45Cm Long, 30Cm Wide, and 4Cm Thick), Montiah Wood (Meranti), Sicerek Wood, Shell, Rope, Nails and, Wood glue. The process of making Rabab Pasisia musical instruments includes several stages, namely: 1) The process of making the body (jariang wood), until the finishing of fine and rough sanding, 2) The process of installing nylon on the rabab frictioner, 3) The process of installing squirrels, kudo-kudo, talingo and rabab strings for tuning the tone.

A shipyard company in Surabaya, which is one of the major industries, generates a large amount of organic waste, including food waste, vegetables, fruits, leaves, and wood. Although this organic waste is a potential source of humus and essential nutrients for the soil, most of it has not been optimally managed. Composting is an effective method to process organic waste into compost, which can reduce the negative impact of toxic compounds and pathogens on the environment. This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of using two types of activators, namely PROMI and ecoenzymes, in accelerating the composting process and improving compost quality in accordance with SNI 19-7030-2004 standards. PROMI activator, which contains various microorganisms such as Trichoderma Harzianium, Pseudokoningii, and Aspergilus sp., and ecoenzymes, which is produced through fermentation of organic materials, were applied to shredded organic waste. The results showed that the use of both activators could accelerate the decomposition process of organic materials and produce high-quality compost within 21 days. With the final measurement results of both composts, both with PROMI and ecoenzymes treatment, the same pH and temperature values were obtained, namely pH 7 and temperature 30℃. Parameters such as pH, temperature, colour, smell, and texture of the compost are recorded periodically to ensure the composting process is going well. Thus, the use of PROMI and ecoenzymes activators not only increases composting efficiency but also provides a sustainable solution for organic waste management in the shipyard industry.

The aim of this research is to determine the implementation of the financial inclusion system through digital payments as well as the role and contribution of the Finpay application in the company's wood sales operations. This type of research is descriptive research which uses two data sources, namely, primary data by collecting data by conducting direct and indirect interviews by supervisors and secondary data by using literature as a reference in the discussion. The data source for this research was obtained by data collection methods, using interview methods and documentation methods. The research results show that the existence of Finpay and TokoPerhutani can help companies to run more efficiently than having to do it by auction and cash payments. Finpay's role in the sales and transaction process in the company has had a positive and significant impact on the company's operations so that the company can rely on Finpay as a careful monitor of every transaction and sale made by customers.

The development of modern society in the process of globalization and industrialization has had a huge impact on forest sustainability as a support for life and in the world's biological life. The existence of forests is of course very much needed considering that forests are not only a source of wood production but are also an integral part of the environment, forests are open areas that make people's access to use them very large which causes logging and timber theft. In order for this to happen more often, this problem must be addressed immediately for the sake of the preservation of forest ecosystems in Indonesia. This journal writing uses normative research methods, normative methods are used with a statutory approach and use reference materials from book sources or other scientific research. As for the results of this study, the regulation of illegal logging is contained in the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 41 of 1999 concerning Forestry in Article 50 which regulates prohibitions for anyone who carries out activities in the form of logging, Article 50 also discusses the prohibition of carrying out forest destruction activities. and confiscation of forest resources in violation of laws and regulations or without permission from interested parties, namely forestry officials.

. Petanque is a relatively new sport at the moment. This pétanque sport includes games where the props are an iron ball (BOSI) and a wooden ball (BOKA). In this game the target is to throw the iron ball so that it is closest to the wooden ball. This research was conducted to find out how developed the sport of pétanque is among school students. The method used in this research is by conducting outreach to students in grades 4 and 5 of elementary school. This article was created to provide insight and knowledge about the sport of pétanque to elementary school students. This is done so that it can produce outstanding pétanque athletes.

The shipbuilding industry produces organic and inorganic waste. The organic waste produced by the shipbuilding industry is dry leaves, dry grass, dry wood and other dry materials. Organic waste management is becoming increasingly important in this industry because the industry's very rapid growth has the potential to increase negative environmental impacts if not handled properly. Utilizing organic waste into fertilizer is an activity that can be carried out with the aim of reducing waste around the shipyard industrial environment. This organic fertilizer is made using a simple composting method so that it can be applied in this industry. The composting process involves 2 different treatments, namely the first is an activator solution in the form of a mixture of ecoenzymes, water and sugar solution and the second is using Effective Microorganism 4 (EM 4). The results of the research showed that these two treatments produced a pH that was not much different, namely 6.9 for EM4 and a pH of 7 for the ecoenzymes activator. The temperature of the compost produced in the ecoenzymes mixture treatment was 300C and in the EM4 treatment was 300C. This shows that the activity of decomposing microorganisms is running well.    

MSMEs contribute 61.07% of GDP, equivalent to 8.6 trillion. The Surabaya local government is developing MSMEs by encouraging its people through increasing creativity and innovation so that they can create new business ideas. The purpose of this service is to help produce an innovative drink that has many properties, explore the properties possessed by sappan wood and Indonesian spices in the drink, learn to design a creative and innovative business, help develop MSMEs in the region. The service method carried out is Asset Based Community Development (ABCD) because the area already has MSME assets in the form of wedang secang which needs product innovation to further expand the market. The results of this service increase sales of wedang secang MSMEs through new product innovations of secang with added milk.

Biofilms are surface-adhering communities of microorganisms that produce extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and can grow on any surface, including metal, plastic, glass, soil particles, stainless steel, wood, and biotic surface. biofilm infections lead to different disorders, for instance, diabetes mellitus, dental caries, medical implants and wound infections that significantly affect the quality of life, cancer development, and subsequently, increase the global morbidity rate.This study aims to summarize the recent evidence supporting the potentional of probiotic and natural ingridient as antibiofilm and antibacterial using a PRISMA-oriented (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-analyses) statement. This review found significant aspects exemplified by the properties of probiotics and natural ingridients related to as antibiofilm and antibacterial for further indepth studies to make it into pilot scales.

The destruction of the incesce customary forest in Pandumaan village and the conflict over customary land with PT Toba Pulp Lestari (TPL) have damaged the preservation of the incesce customary forest. This condition really needs attention and restoration. Frankincense trees are continuously cut down by the company. Frankincense trees and other natural wood in the forest are cleared using a clear-cutting system and the logging areas are immediately planted by PT.TPL. The research method in this study uses qualitative descriptive analysis research methods. The author will conduct a special investigation regarding ecological restoration proposed by Van Wearen. Qualitative research in data collection is carried out using primary data sources, and data collection techniques will look for literature reviews, books, news and journals by collecting data from various literature. Restoring customary forests is also healing God's creation which has been damaged by humans. Understanding of ecological restoration as a basis for restoring the traditional incesce forest in Pandumaan village. The traditional forest of Pandumaan Village is a beautiful creation of God that should be protected and preserved.

The background of this research is the incident that occurred on a ship that experienced problems crossing with other ships in early December 2022 the MV ship, Charlotte was sailing from the loading port in Marunda (North Jakarta) to the unloading port in Palembang. At the time of the change of guard from the second officer on guard duty at 00.00-04.00 with the first mate on guard duty at 04.00-08.00, at that time the ship was in TSS towards the unloading port. In Marunda there is a tugboat that is towing a barge loaded with wood that will cut the TSS from the right side of MV Charlotte's hull. By viewing the tugboat's three parallel white lights it can be identified that the ship is less than 6 Nautical Miles away. To be sure, at that time the second mate checked through radar and it turned out that the distance from the MV Charlotte to the tugboat was 5.5 Nautical Miles. At the time of the second handover of the guard with the first mate by showing the surrounding conditions and notifying that there was a tugboat that would cut in front of the bow which was still 5.5 Nautical Miles away. Maybe because the first mate was not yet conscious because he was still sleepy, he just said "yes" to the second mate and immediately sat down in a chair without taking into account the surroundings. At that time the tugboat, whose position crossed the MV. Charlotte already saw her sidelights turning red, when the cadet checked it on the radar it turned out that the tugboat was already 3.0 Nautical Mile, so at that time the cadet immediately reported it to the first mate. At that time if one of the ships does not change course it will result in a collision hazard and the closest point indicated by the radar has shown the number zero (0). At that time the ship MV. Charlotte has communicated with the tug but there is no response and when the ships are approaching each other, where should the MV. two power-driven ships are sailing with their bows crossing each other so that there is a risk of collision, the ship which has the other ship on its starboard side must keep aside and if circumstances permit must avoid crossing ahead of the other ship”. But what happened to the first mate who had just climbed onto the bridge and was still in a sleepy state gave the order to the helmsman to change course to the left. After the helmsman observed carefully, if the ship changes course to the left, the ship will collide with the tugboat. Finally the helmsman told the first mate, that the ship would experience a collision if it changed course to the left, because the ship would meet between the bows and the tugboat. The first mate then paid close attention to the position of the ship and the tugboat, it turned out that what the helmsman had told was correct, the ship could collide with the tugboat if it changed course to the left. Finally, the first mate quickly gave an order to the helmsman for the starboard wing to take the stern of the tugboat.

Concrete is a rock made from a mixture of cement, sand, aggregate and water. For this reason, this construction material is very important to develop. One effort to develop it is by utilizing industrial waste. Like other industrial waste, wood ash waste can also be used as a partial replacement for cement. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of adding wood ash as an additive to cement on the compressive strength and tensile strength of concrete, as well as to determine the effect of varying the percentage of wood ash in the concrete mixture on the compressive strength and split tensile strength of concrete. The type of research used in this research is quantitative research with experimental methods, namely by comparing normal concrete with 3 variations of mixture to determine the compressive strength and splitting tensile strength of the concrete. The results of the research showed that the experimental compressive strength and split tensile strength of concrete on normal concrete and variations of 3 mixtures, namely 2%, 4% and 6% of cement, obtained experimental results on the compressive strength of concrete for 28 days of normal concrete with an average of the average of 25,478 Mpa decreased with a 2% variation with an average of 24,723 Mpa, and decreased drastically for a 4% variation with an average of 19,439 Mpa, and for a 6% variation with an average of 18,967 MPa. Meanwhile, in testing the split tensile strength of normal concrete with an average of 7.185 Mpa, it experienced an increase from normal concrete with a variation of 2% with an average of 7.333 Mpa, and experienced a decrease from normal concrete with a variation of 4% with an average of 6.667 Mpa, and 6%. with an average of 6 Mpa. So it can be concluded that concrete with a variation of 2% wood ash does not really affect the compressive strength of the concrete, but the more wood ash that is added, the compressive strength of the concrete will decrease. From this research it can be concluded that the use of wood ash does not achieve the planned compressive strength so it is not suitable for use in construction.                                                                                                                                                         

Previously known as Alalak's hometown,  it is now divided into two villages, namely South Alalak village and  North Alalak village, located in North Banjarmasin District from 1970 to 2000. This area was famous  as a center for the wood processing industry for building materials, but is now starting to be abandoned. dim because wood is also rare. Wooden materials were replaced with concrete beams, steel and metal rafters. Alalak Village looks very shabby, the houses are built  mostly from irregular wood. However, there is something interesting in the Alalak River village which is visited by every  local/regional, national and international holiday tourist. They wanted to witness the Floating Market activity as a rare custom in the form of  buying and selling activities where sellers and buyers use boats or in the banjo term called catamarans.  This empty  village needs to be managed by building a riverside buffer area in the form of a long embankment with a width of 8.0 meters to 12.0 meters. The embankment material is planted with trees according to its purpose as protection  from wind, waves and sunlight. The length of the embankment as a Buffer Zone for  this building was built in  stages in accordance with  the budget set by  the Banjarmasin City River and Drainage Department  . Thinking about  the need to organize dense residential and slum areas on the banks of this river from literature, videos about Buffer Zones in earthquake and tsunami prone areas in Japan which implement these zones as places of effort to withstand very large tsunami waves.

Food sanitation hygiene is an effort to control factors in places, equipment, people and food ingredients that can or may cause health problems, disease or food poisoning. The aim of this research is to determine the Hygiene and Sanitation of Hospital Food according to PERMENKES No.1096/Menkes/Per/VI/2011 Concerning Jasaboga Sanitation Hygiene in Hospitals. This research uses a qualitative approach that describes the problem and focuses on the research. This research carried out in-depth interviews with 5 informants. This research was conducted in the hygiene and sanitation unit at Hospital. Collecting data by conducting observations, interviews, document analysis and documentation. Based on research results related to SOP Hygiene and Food Sanitation are appropriate, Selection of Food Ingredients is appropriate, Storage of Food Ingredients is appropriate, Food processing is still not appropriate where the cooking utensil storage rack is not closed to protect it from vectors, Storage of Finished Food Ingredients is appropriate, Serving The food is still not in accordance with the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia No.1096 of 2011 because it uses wooden tables which are only covered with plastic. Suggestions for the Hospital for the environmental health unit are to provide cooking utensil storage racks with covers so that they can be protected from vectors and for the Environmental Health unit, it is hoped that the serving table should be replaced with a table made from stainless steel.

Ulin wood (Eusideroxylon zwageri) or commonly called iron wood is one of the famous and strongest woods in its habitat Kalimantan forest. There are various regional names for Ulin, including bulian, bulian rambai, onglen (South Sumatra), belian, tabulin, telian, tulian and ulin (Kalimantan) (Abdurachman, 2011). Ulin (Eusideroxylon zwageri) or also known as bulian or ironwood is a woody tree and is a typical plant of Southeast Asia including Indonesia (Sumatra & Kalimantan), Malaysia (Sabah & Sarawak), Philippines (Sulu Islands). Ulin is classified into the Lauraceae tribe. Ulin has a typical tree height of 30-35 m, diameter at breast height (dbh) 60-120 cm. Straight trunk with branches, round and tight crown and horizontal branching. Ulin generally grows at an altitude of 5 - 400 m above sea level with flat to sloping terrain, growing scattered or clustered in mixed forests but very rarely found in swamp habitats Ulin wood is also resistant to changes in temperature, humidity, and the influence of sea water so that the nature of the wood is very heavy and hard. somewhat separated from other trees and surrounded by a circular path of ironwood. At the bottom of the ulin tree there is a hollow section. Ulin grows well in wet tropical forests, on non-waterlogged soils up to 500-625 meters above sea level, in flat areas near rivers and tributaries, undulating areas to ridges. The soil where ulin grows is generally sandy with low pH and macro nutrients (N, P, K).

Tofu Prapto MSMEs are tofu producers who often experience quality problems in the tofu they produce. Based on the data obtained, it shows that the amount of tofu production is 8,400 pcs (100%) and product defects of 1,009 pcs (12%) that occur in Tofu Prapto MSMEs during September 2023.This research will be carried out an analysis of quality control of Tofu defective products in Tofu Prapto MSMEs using the Six Sigma method and Re-Layout Design. By implementing the six sigma method and Re-Layout Design, it is expected to identify defects and provide recommendations for improvement to MSMEs Tahu Prapto.The factor causing the highest defect in the type of dirty tofu defect is caused by there are stations that are too close together such as boiling stations too close to the filtering and printing station in the production process so that dust and dirt from burning wood fuel when The boiling process can stick to the filtering and printing process so that there needs to be a distance between work stations from each other. From the sigma calculation, the average DPMO value is 120119,048 with a sigma value of 2.68 from the sigma calculation results, it can be said that the sigma value is still far from the desired sigma value, which is 6.

The aim of making this final work is to convey life lessons, as well as introduce new techniques in the world of crafts, which are then expressed through the work in the form of visuals of fishermen's activities. The method of creation in this final work is carried out in stages, namely: the preparation stage is observations related to ideas and concepts of the author's interest, elaboration is the stage of exploring and displaying the diversity of fishing activities in terms of field surveys and electronic media, synthesis is the creation of an idea for a work , the realization of the concept is a stage of the work process and the completion or finishing of the work. Based on the method used, a work was created in the form of a wall decoration with fishermen's activities as the main object, which was made using the 3D Wood Shadow Box technique. The author created seven works with the titles: "Hope", "Reap", "Adrift", "Congratulations", "Shoulder to shoulder", "Rich", and "Alhamdulillah".    

Maju Bersama is a business sector that is engaged in distributing high quality wood. Currently the business activities carried out are still conventional or still waiting for customers to come to the place of business to buy wood or when making sales reports along with end of month reports they still use a book, apart from that customers find it difficult to know what type of wood is being sold at CV Maju Together. So it requires an information system as a tool to help record sales transactions, quantity of goods, availability of goods as input materials. The development method used to design the system uses the RAD approach. The result of this research is a website-based CV Maju Bersama sales information system..  

The aim of this research is to determine the differences in the use of materials and spatial layouts used in the past and today. spatial color and spatial arrangement in the short story entitled Gubuk Syukur by Maemunah. Where the owner renovates a house that was previously made of wooden walls into a brick wall house with the spatial arrangement that the homeowner wants. The techniques used in the research when collecting data were heirloom, listening and note-taking techniques. The source of data in this research was the short story Gubuk Syukur. The results of this research show the form of descriptive criticism found in the short story Gubuk Syukur by Maemunah, which in this research uses 3 methods of criticism, namely static criticism, dynamic criticism and process criticism.

The purpose of this study aims to analyze the influence of technology, capital, and labor on production in woodcarving handicraft SMEs in Gianyar Regency. To analyze the effect of technology, capital, labor, and production on the income of MSMEs in woodcarving crafts in Gianyar Regency. To analyze the indirect effect of technology, capital, and labor on income through production in woodcarving MSMEs in the approach used in this study is an associative quantitative approach. This research was conducted in Gianyar Regency with an analytical technique, namely path analysis. The results of this study are that technology and labor have a direct positive but not significant effect on the production of MSME woodcarving crafts in Gianyar Regency, while capital has a direct positive and significant effect on the production of MSME woodcarving crafts in Gianyar Regency. Technology directly has a positive but not significant effect on income, labor directly has a negative but not significant effect on income while capital and production have a direct positive and significant effect on the income of MSMEs in woodcarving crafts in Gianyar Regency. Technology, capital, and labor do not have a significant effect on income indirectly through the production of woodcarving handicraft SMEs in Gianyar Regency.

PT. XYZ is an organization that manufactures wood products, including tables, chairs, and other domestic items. Workplace accidents are an extremely probable occurrence at PT. XYZ. Consequently, risk management is essential for reducing the occurrence of workplace accidents. The process of identifying suitable control measures is simplified through the utilization of the HIRARC method. The investigation was conducted in the grinding, sanding, lathe, drill, and corridor areas of the PT. XYZ process area. According to the findings derived from the conducted research, the hazard identification procedure yielded twenty-four indicators of peril. After calculating the 24 hazard indications, the risk level associated with the indicated hazards is determined. One is classified as extremely high risk, thirteen as high risk, eight as medium risk, and two as low risk. And company management can control hazards through the provision of safety signs, utilization of appropriate PPE, and establishment of work areas.