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This research discusses efforts to overcome loading and unloading delays on MV. Ayer Mas, which frequently occur at Nunukan Port. These delays negatively impact operational efficiency and cause losses for the company. The purpose of this research is to identify the factors causing the delays and propose solutions to improve the efficiency of the loading and unloading process. Through interviews with various stakeholders, it was found that delays often occur due to disruptions in the port's operational system and the prioritization of service for other vessels. Additionally, inaccuracies in estimating the arrival and departure times of ships also contribute to the delays. The proposed solutions include implementing a smarter and more efficient work system, improving coordination among related parties, and enforcing discipline in ship scheduling. It is hoped that these findings can enhance efficiency, reliability of port services, and reduce congestion and inefficiencies on the ship and at the port. The results of this research provide practical contributions to port managers and shipping companies in improving operational performance and reducing costs arising from delays.

Gate valves are crucial components in a ship's fluid control system, playing an essential role in ensuring operational safety and efficiency. As an integral part of this system, gate valve manifolds require optimal maintenance to ensure maximum performance and minimize the risk of damage. This research aims to understand the maintenance process of gate valve manifolds and their function during cargo loading and unloading operations. A descriptive qualitative method was employed, utilizing observation, literature review, and documentation study to collect data, with data triangulation used to validate the information. The results indicate that insufficient maintenance of gate valve manifolds leads to issues in opening and closing, causing delays in the loading and unloading process. The main factors contributing to the damage are a lack of maintenance by the crew and external factors. Therefore, the ship's crew plays a vital role in maintaining the gate valve manifold in optimal working condition.

Shipping safety is one of the most crucial aspects. One of the factors that influences shipping safety is the stability and security of the cargo on board. The MV.Tanto Handal ship, like other container ships, often carries container cargo placed on deck. Proper lashing is very important to prevent shipping loads that could have fatal consequences. Optimization of container lashing on MV.Tanto Handal ship is an important aspect to ensure shipping safety and cargo security. This research aims to examine and optimize container cargo lashing so that it is hoped that it can increase cargo stability and, ultimately, shipping safety. This optimization includes an in-depth understanding of container cargo lashing, use of appropriate lashing equipment, safety equipment, checks during shipping and evaluation of lashing. Factors such as equipment inoperability, weather and operational environmental conditions, and human error can have a significant impact on the safety and operational efficiency of load shedding. Meanwhile, optimizing load shedding involves improving training and procedures. Conduct regular training for crew regarding lashing procedures, use of equipment, and handling of impossible situations and conditions.

This paper will employ a novel approach that builds upon the lasso method, utilizing it in two stages.   The first stage applies to the principal components to select the important principal component and exclude the unimportant ones. This technique is effective in identifying significant principal components while attempting to eliminate bias in selecting these components over others. Additionally, it removes the ranking in determining the principal components compared to classical methods.  Moreover, the second stage involves determining the effective importance within each component by zeroing out the scores loading values within each component. To compare the performance of the proposed method in principal component analysis, a simulation approach can be used. Subsequently, the performance of the proposed method is tested using real data.

This research conducts a comparative study on the performance of modern JavaScript frameworks - React, Angular, and Vue.js - in the context of web application development. Using an experimental approach, this study measures various performance aspects including rendering time, bundle size, page load time, and memory usage. The research method involves developing web applications using all three frameworks in different scenarios, as well as interviews with experienced developers. Results show that Vue.js excels in rendering speed and memory efficiency, React demonstrates superiority in handling large-scale dynamic updates, while Angular offers a robust structured architecture. This study also reveals the importance of non-technical factors such as learning curve and community support in framework selection. In conclusion, the selection of an optimal framework should consider project-specific needs, team expertise, and long-term organizational goals. This research provides valuable insights for developers and organizations in choosing the appropriate JavaScript framework for their projects.  

This study aims to analyze the water quality of the Badung River based on Class II River water quality standards according to Government Regulation No. 22 of 2021, determine the water quality status, and calculate the potential pollution load of the Badung River. Water quality measurements were conducted at five sampling points. The parameters measured and observed include Temperature, Total Suspended Solids (TSS), pH, Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Sulfate (SO42), Nitrate (NO3), Total Phosphate (P), Oil & Grease, Total Detergent, and Total Coliform. Samples were analyzed in the laboratory for physical, chemical, and microbiological parameters. The water quality status of the Badung River was determined using the pollution index method, and the potential pollution load was calculated using the wastewater emission coefficient approach. The results showed that the water quality and status of the Badung River are classified as lightly polluted, with an average pollution index value of 3.65. The potential pollution load entering the Badung River in the domestic sector is 0.78 tons/day for BOD, 1.07 tons/day for COD, and 0.74 tons/day for TSS. Factors contributing to the lightly polluted water quality status include population density, poorly managed domestic activities (household waste), which contribute to high pollution parameter values such as BOD, COD, and TSS, and a lack of waste management infrastructure

Pavement conditions affect the comfort, security and safety of road users. However, pavement conditions are increasingly decreasing due to road damage factors that can be divided into two parts, namely structural damage which includes pavement failure or damage to one or more pavement components that result in the pavement no longer being able to bear traffic loads, and functional damage which includes safety and comfort. This study aims to analyze the level of road damage using the PCI method. The results of the study showed that the average value of damage to the main road section of General Ahmad Yani Km 7, Parepare City was 38, which indicated that the quality of the road pavement was in fair condition with a level of road damage to Alligator cracking of 11%, longitudinal cracking of 7%, potholes of 10%, patching and utility cut patching of 60%, weathring/raveling of 2%, depression of 3%, curvature of 6%, swell of 05%, and shoving of 1%.      

The problem of clinker damage during the loading process, many problems that arise cannot be separated from several natural factors and errors in procedures during the loading and unloading process. The aim of this research is to determine the impact, causes and efforts to prevent clinker damage during loading activities at the PT Special Terminal. Semen Indonesia Tuban. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive research method. This research was carried out at PT. Varia Usaha Bahri Tuban branch. The techniques used in collecting data are through observation, interviews and documentation. The results of this research are that the occurrence of clinker damage is the fault of the loading and unloading workers (TKBM) in maintaining the cleanliness of organic and inorganic waste in the stacking yard area and the foreman must carry out weather observations.

The port terminal serves as a place for berthing, storing goods, and loading and unloading, which has the potential to jeopardize work safety. The implementation of Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) protects workers from workplace hazards. However, the lack of awareness of workers at the port in wearing Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) while working in the port area is still a problem. This study aims to identify the risks, impacts and efforts to overcome work accidents in the ship berthing process at Tanjung Perak Port Surabaya. Given the importance of using PPE in doing work at the port, work safety is a crucial aspect that must be considered. Using the HAZOPS (Hazard and Operability Study) method, this study identifies potential hazards and provides mitigation actions needed to reduce the risk of accidents in the ship berthing process. This study used purposive sampling technique with a total of 40 officers in the patrol and enforcement section at the Tanjung Perak Surabaya Syahbandar and Main Port Authority (KSOP) Office. Data collection methods are direct observation, documentation, and questionnaires. The results showed that the main factors causing work accidents were equipment failure, human error, and the environment. The highest percentage of accidents is caused by equipment failure, with 63% at the extreme level and 20% at the high level. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out risk control or risk mitigation in the form of routine maintenance on work tools at the port.

The aim of this research is to determine the performance of TRT from 2021 to 2023, identify the causes and impacts of TRT that exceeds the standard set time. The research design used is descriptive research with a mixed methods approach (qualitative )The type of data used is qualitative and quantitative data presented in numbers and sentences that support the author's opinion in analyzing this research. Data sources in this research are divided into primary data sources obtained from interviews, observations and literature studies and secondary data sources obtained from company data in the form of throughput data, TRT for 2021 to 2023, printed books, journals and the internet. The results of this research are that the TRT performance at PT Terminal Petikemas Surabaya is good because in 2021 to 2023 the dominant number of trucks at the TRT was less than 30 minutes, although there could be indications of a decline in performance. This decline in performance is indicated by an increase in the number of trucks from 2021 to 2023 on TRT of more than 30 minutes. The causes of TRT exceeding the standard determination time are density factors in the stacking yard, equipment factors (service and availability), human resource factors and natural factors. The negative impact of TRT that exceeds the standard set time is disruption of loading and unloading activities, internal company losses and decreased customer loyalty. Suggestions that can be used in overcoming TRT (Truck Round Time) problems are that good coordination is needed in accordance with Standard Operating Procedures (SOP), good improvisation from human resources, systems and equipment as well as yard planners carrying out various plan innovations by shortening slots so that RTG movements are not too displacement length.

The increasing population in Indonesia has resulted in increased food needs. One of the factors that affects chicken production is the management of the feeding system. The purpose of this study is to design and create an automatic chicken feeder based on Arduino. Calibrate the Load Cell Sensor. Control the AC motor as a metal screw driver for feeding with a load cell sensor. Determine the amount of chicken feed according to the specified setting point and Connect the MCU Node to the telegram. This study uses the "Research and development" research method. Consisting of literature studies, hardware design, software design, tool design, and data collection, analysis and conclusions. Overall testing was carried out for 2 days starting from 6 am to 4 pm. The capacity of the tank is filled with 3 kg of feed. The setting point for feeding in the morning is 200 grams while in the afternoon it is 300 grams, for feed output there are 2 containers. Testing on the first day at 7 am the weight of the feed coming out of container 1 was 221 grams while in container 2 it was 225 grams, for 4 pm the weight of the feed coming out of container 1 was 352 grams while in container 2 it was 357 grams. Testing on the second day at 7 am the weight of the feed coming out of container 1 was 219 grams while in container 2 it was 221 grams, for 4 pm the weight of the feed coming out of container 1 was 346 grams while in container 2 it was 348 grams. Telegram notification sends a message when the amount of feed remaining is 1405 grams. The results of the weight of the feed coming out are different from the specified setting point value, the amount of feed coming out exceeds the setting point value. This is because the output hole of the feed that comes out through the PVC pipe is too large. An "automatic chicken feed tool based on Arduino" has been successfully created, the tool created is equipped with a load cell sensor that facilitates the process of feeding chickens. Making a system for pouring feed into the hopper automatically by making a conveyor so that it does not need to be done manually. Making automatic chicken feed based on Arduino on a large scale so that it can cover a larger number. Addition of making automatic drinking places on automatic chicken feed based on Arduino.

Goods transportation is a medium and means of moving goods to their destination using the means of transport, and the unloading/unloading of the means of transport, whether carrying passengers or goods. The parties involved in transportation, one of which is sea cargo expedition (EMKL), is the business of handling documents and cargo that will be transported by ship or cargo that originates from ships that are transported and brought from the port container yard (CY) to the unloading warehouse/containeir freight station ( CFS) or carrying goods via container from the loading/freight container warehouse station (CFS) kei container yard (CY) port, PT. Elang Sriwijaya Perkasa Palembang is one of the companies that operates in the field of EIMKL (Sea Freight Transport Services) providing cargo transportation services, providing services for transporting goods via containers as well as loading and unloading. For this reason, the Sea Freight Shipping Company (EIMKL) is responsible for the safety of goods, delays in the arrival of goods, damage and loss of goods transported by trucks when they are transported out of the port container yard (CY), except for damage caused by the sender. on the item itself caused by several factors, whether weather, circumstances or when carrying out activities of stuffing or stripping goods into containers at the loading warehouse/containeir freight station (CFS). In this paper, the writing methods used are literature research and observational research at the source by carrying out activities in the field during field practice at PT. Elang Sriwijaya Perkasa Palembang and related agencies such as warehouses for loading stuffing goods, warehouses for unloading stripping goods, and container stacking yards/depots.

In the use of sea transportation, the good condition of the ship has a great influence on the process of ship operation. Its very important because ballast pumps on ships are one of the service systems on ships that are used to dispose of and fill ballast water. The ballast pump system is intended to adjust the level of tilt and draft of the vessel, as a result of changes in load ship so that the stability of the ship can be maintained and to reduce the swaying of the ship caused by waves or large enough squares. As well as the efforts that must be made to maximize on board even what influence is caused by no maintenance on board. The data sources obtained are data obtained directly from the research location by means of observation methods and with qualitative data. The results of the study have shown that many factors cause less optimal ballast pump maintenance Efforts must be made so that ballast pump maintenance is optimal in MT. Layar Arthawibawa is to implement PMS regularly, and there must be a sense of responsibility to all crew members and support from the company itself.

The rapid advancement of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) technology necessitates robust authentication solutions to ensure security, scalability, and efficiency. This project, titled "Enhancing Security in Industrial IoT: Authentication Solutions Leveraging Blockchain," examines various blockchain-based authentication methods for IIoT and identifies their strengths and weaknesses. Despite the enhanced security and decentralized nature of blockchain, issues such as scalability, high latency, and computational load persist. To address these challenges, we propose the integration of Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) as a supplementary solution. MFA can distribute the authentication load, enhance flexibility and security, and reduce latency by utilizing quick-to-verify factors. Moreover, MFA ensures high availability and scalable storage and processing through cloud services, seamlessly integrating with existing systems to provide a superior user experience. This comprehensive approach not only mitigates the inherent limitations of blockchain technology in IIoT but also reinforces the overall security framework, ensuring resilient and efficient authentication mechanisms. The results demonstrate significant improvements in system performance and user satisfaction, establishing MFA as a viable enhancement to blockchain-based IIoT security solutions.

In today's fast-paced, information-driven world, productivity is paramount for personal and professional success. Effective reading, a crucial cognitive process, significantly impacts knowledge acquisition, critical thinking, and innovation. This research offers an extensive examination of optimizing reading spaces to boost productivity. The study investigates the intricate relationship between reading environments and cognitive performance, considering factors like lighting, ergonomics, acoustics, spatial layout, and technology integration. These elements profoundly influence reader engagement, information retention, and cognitive load. Moreover, the study delves into environmental psychology's role in shaping concentration, creativity, and comfort within reading spaces. It analyzes the psychological effects of design elements like color, nature, and organization on cognitive processes. Understanding these responses empowers designers and individuals to tailor spaces for better focus and well-being. The integration of technology within reading spaces is explored, assessing digital platforms, interactive displays, and personalized content curation's benefits for efficient information consumption. It addresses challenges in balancing printed materials and digital resources. Additionally, the study considers personalized reading spaces' impact on diverse demographic groups, accounting for age, cognitive abilities, and preferences in design and customization. It emphasizes adaptable spaces catering to various needs and learning styles. This research offers a comprehensive view of reading spaces and productivity enhancement. By examining design elements, psychological factors, and technological integration, it provides insights for creating spaces that empower individuals to engage effectively with information, think critically, and achieve higher productivity in academic and professional endeavors.

The important function of bridges in the transportation system requires bridge performance to always be in prime condition. The reliability of the bridge structure in carrying the traffic load on it is the main parameter to guarantee the performance of a bridge. Bridge performance can always be maintained by regularly checking. This article about the evaluation of existing bridges takes a case study of the Maribaya A Bridge which was built in 1972 and is located on Jalan Bts. Tegal City – Bts. The city of Pemalang, which is part of the Pantura, is known for having a heavy load. The Maribaya A Bridge has a total of three spans, spans 1 and 3 with a length of 15 m, and span 2 with a length of 30 m. The evaluation was carried out on the superstructure, the cast in situ type girder components. The analysis is carried out using the rating factor method by comparing the capacity of the girder with the traffic load above it. The calculation results show that the rating factor value for spans 1 and 3 is 0.40 and for span 2 is 0.19. The rating factor value for the entire span shows <1.00, means that the superstructure capacity of the Maribaya A Bridge is no longer able to withstand the traffic load. Serious attention is needed, bridge reconstruction is absolutely necessary.

The use of automation systems is needed in sorting, one of which is the sorting of objects based on the size of the object being sorted. Especially in the sorting process, there are still many industries that use conveyors that only function for one product with the same weight characteristics. Therefore, to sort the same goods with different weights, a separate conveyor is needed so that many conveyors are used. The development of a sorting machine is an important aspect in the modern automation and manufacturing industry. This research aims to design and analyze the static loading of the sorting machine frame using SOLIDWORKS software. The design method used includes detailed 3D modeling of the machine frame by considering the strength, stability and reliability of the structure. The simulation results using SOLIDWORKS software show the stress (von Mises) with a maximum value of 82.26 MPa, while the theoretical calculation result is 84 MPa. Displacement with a maximum value of 4.063 mm, while the theoretical calculation result is 1.60 mm. The safety factor is 2.38, while the theoretical calculation result is 2.43. The difference between manual calculation and simulation is 0.02% for von Mises stress, 1.5% for displacement, and 0.02% for safety factor.

The waiting time for ships is one of the problems that must be a concern at Tanjung Intan Port Cilacap and which is very influential for the smooth process of unloading coal from coal carriers to Tanjung Intan Port, Cilacap. This study aims to determine the factors that affect the ship's docking schedule, pilotage services, loading and unloading productivity on the waiting time of the ship. This research was conducted at Tanjung Intan Port, Cilacap. Data was collected through observation, literature study, interviews, documentation and questionnaires. The analysis technique used is multiple linear regression with the help of SPSS V.26 program. Based on the results of research and multiple analysis, the following equations are generated:Y = 0.254 +0.297X1+0.585X2+0.177X3+µ. Based on empirical facts and the results of multiple linear regression equations, it is shown that the Ship docking schedule variable (X1) has t count (3.409) > t table (1.98373), pilotage service variable (X2) has t count (5.809) > t table (1.98373), and loading and unloading productivity (X3) has t count (2.967) > t table (1.98373). As for the value of the adjuster R2 = 0.582. This means that 58.2% of the dependent variable (Y) can be explained by the independent variables, namely Ship docking schedules, guidance services, and loading and unloading productivity. While the rest (100% - 58.2%) = 41.8% is explained by other reasons outside the variables studied. Thus, the results of the study show that the availability of docks, guidance services, and loading and unloading productivity has a positive and significant effect on waiting time for ships at Tanjung Inttan port, Cilacap.

Job satisfaction is one of several factors that are very important to get maximum results. Satisfaction can be influenced by several factors, organizations need to pay attention to these factors to increase employee job satisfaction. The research objective was to determine the influence of workload and organizational culture on work satisfaction of health workers at Tk. II DR. Soepraoen Malang. The number of samples taken was 55 health workerswith the saturated sample method. Methods of datacollection with a survey with a questionnaire as a tool and interviews. Path analysis is used to obtain results so that workload is found to have a positive effect on job satisfaction.

Job satisfaction is one of several factors that are very important to get maximum results. Satisfaction can be influenced by several factors, organizations need to pay attention to these factors to increase employee job satisfaction. The research objective was to determine the influence of workload and organizational culture on work satisfaction of health workers at Tk. II DR. Soepraoen Malang. The number of samples taken was 55 health workerswith the saturated sample method. Methods of datacollection with a survey with a questionnaire as a tool and interviews. Path analysis is used to obtain results so that workload is found to have a positive effect on job satisfaction.