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This study analyzes Kompas.com’s news coverage of the Papua conflict and human rights issues during the 2024 Presidential Debate to examine media neutrality through Norman Fairclough’s Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) integrated with Teun A. Van Dijk’s model. The analysis covers three dimensions: micro (text), meso (discursive practice), and macro (social practice), using a qualitative descriptive method. Data from 21 news excerpts reveal that social and political contexts are clearly represented, focusing on the strategies of the three presidential candidates in addressing human rights and conflict issues in Papua. The findings highlight the importance of realizing the Papua-related commitments made during the debate by the elected president, given the rising trend of violence and the unresolved justice issues in the region. The study demonstrates that media coverage, even by a leading news outlet such as Kompas.com, carries the potential to influence public perception regarding sensitive political and social issues. At the micro level, the language and lexical choices in the news articles often convey subtle ideological positions, including the framing of human rights violations and conflict events, which may reflect both explicit and implicit biases. At the meso level, discursive practices, including editorial decisions, headline constructions, and sourcing patterns, contribute to the shaping of narratives, highlighting certain aspects of the candidates’ statements while minimizing others. Meanwhile, at the macro level, the broader societal and political context, including historical grievances, regional tensions, and national political dynamics, provides the backdrop against which news coverage is produced and consumed, indicating the complex interplay between 

Attack on Titan, a popular manga by Hajime Isayama, was successfully adapted into an animated series—a transformation from print to an audio-visual medium that significantly expanded its global reach and cultural impact. Utilizing a qualitative descriptive method, this study analyzes how the adaptation created a new experience by leveraging motion, camera angles, color grading, music, sound effects, and voice acting to build tension and emotion. Drawing on data from observation, literature reviews, and studio interviews, the research examines the creative process of the production team, with a particular focus on the animation team's role in transforming the comic's story into animation. The findings indicate that this adaptation successfully made the Attack on Titan story and its characters more vibrant, powerful, and emotional.

The relationship between Indonesia and Singapore has deep historical roots, tracing back to the ancient kingdoms. In the 7th century, the Strait of Singapore was part of the Srivijaya Empire. Later, in 1365, the Javanese hymn Nagarakretagama, written during the Majapahit era, mentioned a settlement on the island called Temasek, highlighting the long-standing connection between the two regions. Trade between Indonesia and Singapore has grown significantly over the years, reaching S$36 billion (US$29.32 billion), with Singapore being the largest foreign investor in Indonesia, having invested US$1.14 billion across 142 projects. Additionally, trade between the two nations surged to approximately $68 billion in 2010, with Indonesia's non-oil and gas exports to Singapore reaching their highest levels. The two countries have established robust cooperation in various sectors, including tourism, security, counter-terrorism, and environmental concerns. However, the relationship is not without its challenges. One significant issue is Singapore's role as a haven for Indonesian corruptors, with many fugitives from corruption cases seeking refuge there. This has led to tensions, particularly regarding the extradition of individuals convicted of corruption. To address these challenges, both nations must enhance the implementation of bilateral agreements, especially in political and security matters. There is a need to accelerate the technical finalization of military training areas as part of the defense cooperation agreement. Additionally, executing the extradition agreement and updating the memorandum of understanding between the Attorneys General of both countries would be crucial steps in addressing these issues and improving bilateral relations. In conclusion, while Indonesia-Singapore relations are multifaceted, with both cooperation and challenges, mutual commitment to resolving issues through diplomatic and legal means will be key to strengthening their ties in the future.

This study examines the institutional discourse and administrative practices of the Secretariat of the Regional People’s Representative Council (DPRD) in the newly established province of Southwest Papua, Indonesia. Utilizing a qualitative content analysis approach, the research analyzes a corpus of official documents produced between 2022 and 2025, with particular attention to how the principles of good governance—transparency, accountability, participation, and effectiveness—are reflected and operationalized in a transitional bureaucratic setting. The findings reveal that while procedural transparency and organizational effectiveness are relatively well-articulated in formal documents, mechanisms for accountability and citizen participation remain underdeveloped and largely symbolic. This indicates that the new administrative structures are still in the process of consolidating practices that meaningfully incorporate civic engagement. The study further identifies significant patterns of institutional isomorphism, wherein bureaucratic templates, legal frameworks, and administrative routines from older provincial governments are mimicked and reproduced. Although such imitation provides a sense of stability and legitimacy, it may come at the expense of local relevance and the incorporation of context-specific innovations. In particular, reliance on inherited bureaucratic models risks marginalizing indigenous governance traditions and community-driven practices that could enhance inclusivity and responsiveness. The analysis underscores the performative and symbolic dimensions of governance during periods of institutional formation, highlighting the tension between adopting established administrative norms and fostering context-sensitive practices tailored to the realities of frontier provinces. Methodologically, the study demonstrates the value of document analysis in capturing governance dynamics where field access is limited, politically sensitive, or constrained by security issues. The study concludes by offering practical recommendations: strengthening participatory frameworks to ensure more substantive public involvement, integrating indigenous governance values to enhance legitimacy, and designing flexible policy models that can adapt to the unique sociopolitical challenges of Southwest Papua. In doing so, the research contributes both to the broader scholarship on governance in post-conflict and frontier regions and to the practical debates on institutional development in Indonesia’s newest province.

The phenomenon of charismatic pastors who simultaneously serve as merchants represents an increasingly common reality in contemporary Christian ministry, especially within urban contexts where economic and spiritual dynamics are closely intertwined. This dual role reflects both opportunities and challenges for the church, raising important theological, ethical, and practical debates concerning the integrity of pastoral calling in the midst of worldly interests, material pursuits, and potential temptations. On the one hand, the bivocational model may provide pastors with financial independence, reducing the burden on congregations and offering broader opportunities for engagement with society. On the other hand, it also carries the risk of blurring the boundaries between ministry and commerce, thereby creating possible conflicts of interest, diminishing spiritual authority, and weakening the congregation’s trust in pastoral leadership. This study aims to analyze the dual role of pastor-merchant in the light of New Testament theology by identifying potential tensions, examining the relevance of pastoral ethics in guiding decision-making, and evaluating the impact of this dual vocation on the life and witness of the church. Methodologically, this research employs a qualitative literature study, reviewing biblical, theological, and pastoral ethics sources to formulate a comprehensive understanding. The findings suggest that pastoral ethics serve as a vital compass for pastor-merchants, ensuring that ministry remains pure, Christ-centered, and untainted by financial motives. The Apostle Paul provides a theological and practical model for bivocational ministry, demonstrating how secular work and spiritual service can coexist without compromising the divine calling. Furthermore, a healthy, transparent, and accountable leadership framework is essential for sustaining integrity and strengthening congregational trust. Ultimately, this study emphasizes that the identity of the church as “a chosen people, a royal priesthood” (1 Pet. 2:9) must remain the guiding principle, ensuring that the integration of pastoral vocation and marketplace involvement contributes positively to the church’s witness and relevance in modern society.

Background: Pregnancy is a physiological process experienced by every woman, but it can be accompanied by various discomforts, both physical and psychological. In the third trimester, hormonal, physical, and emotional changes often trigger complaints such as anxiety, difficulty sleeping, and discomfort. These conditions, if not managed, can negatively impact the health of the mother and fetus, including increasing the risk of pregnancy complications. One non-pharmacological approach that is increasingly in demand to address these problems is aromatherapy, namely the use of essential oils from plants as a complementary therapy. Objective: This literature study aims to explore the effectiveness of aromatherapy in reducing anxiety levels and improving sleep quality in pregnant women, especially in the final trimester. Methods: A narrative literature review was conducted by analyzing ten national journal articles published between 2014–2024. Articles were selected through a purposive sampling method based on the suitability of the topics with aromatherapy, pregnancy, anxiety, and sleep quality. Results: Most studies show that aromatherapy, especially with lavender, orange, and chamomile essential oils, has a positive effect in reducing anxiety levels and improving sleep quality. The mechanism of action of aromatherapy is thought to involve stimulation of the limbic system in the brain via the olfactory pathway, which plays a role in regulating emotions, inducing relaxation, and reducing sympathetic nervous system activity. These effects help reduce tension and facilitate better sleep in pregnant women. Conclusion: Aromatherapy has been shown to be a safe, easy-to-implement, and effective complementary intervention for addressing anxiety and sleep disturbances in pregnancy. Healthcare providers, particularly midwives, are advised to integrate this therapy into holistic antenatal care to support the overall well-being of pregnant women.

The global economic crisis has prompted developing countries, including the BRICS group (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa), to strengthen cooperation in creating a multipolar economic order as a form of resistance to Western domination. Mass media plays a crucial role in framing this dynamic. This study aims to examine how The Jakarta Post constructs the BRICS narrative through three main dimensions in Vincent Mosco's Political Economy of Communication theory: commodification, spatialization, and structuring. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collection techniques in the form of documentation and analysis of news published in The Jakarta Post between June 18, 2024, and January 31, 2025. Data were categorized based on the type of information and main themes, then analyzed using Mosco's theoretical concepts. The results show that the commodification process occurs when geopolitical issues, such as Indonesia's opportunity to join BRICS, are transformed into media commodities appealing to elite readers and strategic economic actors. This practice also involves the contribution of experts, but often without equitable compensation. Spatialization is reflected in the real-time distribution of digital content that transcends geographical and temporal boundaries, strengthening the penetration of BRICS discourse into the international public sphere. Structuralization emerges in the narrative of building a new world order through BRICS agendas such as dedollarization, technological integration, and alternative payment systems, although it remains overshadowed by the dominance of Western financial institutions. Thus, media coverage not only represents geopolitical dynamics but also transforms strategic issues into information products with economic value, while revealing the tension between the aspirations of developing countries and established global hegemony.

This study examines the practice of reciprocity within the persatuan barang (goods-sharing) group during the implementation of the rewang tradition in Desa Banglas, Kecamatan Tebing Tinggi, Kabupaten Kepulauan Meranti. The main focus of the research is to identify the various forms of exchange that occur, whether in the form of money, goods, or labor. A narrative qualitative approach was used, with data collected through in-depth interviews, non-participant observation, archival review, and documentation of bookkeeping records. The subjects of this research are members of the persatuan barang group who actively participate in social and cultural events in the village. The findings reveal three types of reciprocity: generalized, balanced, and negative. Generalized reciprocity is evident in voluntary contributions without expecting immediate return, often practiced among close kin or neighbors. Balanced reciprocity is demonstrated through exchanges of equal value with a certain expectation of timely return, particularly during communal events like weddings or funerals. Negative reciprocity, although rare, involves unequal exchanges that may lead to social tensions or perceptions of unfairness. These findings indicate that the persatuan barang group functions not only as an informal economic mechanism but also as a cultural institution that fosters mutual assistance, reinforces social cohesion, and preserves traditional values. The exchange systems operate within an implicit moral economy that prioritizes collective welfare over individual gain. Additionally, the tradition of rewang and the organizational role of persatuan barang highlight the resilience and adaptability of indigenous practices in supporting rural livelihoods amid changing socioeconomic conditions. The study suggests that such local systems of reciprocity play a vital role in sustaining social capital, strengthening community identity, and ensuring social security in the absence of formal welfare structures. Further research is recommended to explore the long-term impact of these practices on community resilience and rural development.  

This paper explains the implementation of the creation of a screenplay for a feature video entitled "Mother for the Earth" with a focus on the application of parallel structure in four scenes: teaser, conflict, climax, and catharsis. Each scene serves to build narrative tension, strengthen the central theme, and generate a deeper understanding of the importance of environmental awareness. The parallel structure is applied to show a strong contrast between two mothers with different lifestyle backgrounds—one mother who adopts an environmentally friendly lifestyle and the other mother who is less concerned with life's desires. In the teaser scene, the scenario presents two main characters living in different worlds, arousing the audience's curiosity about the differences in the two mothers' views and attitudes towards the world around them. In the conflict scene, both face challenges and dilemmas related to their chosen lifestyles. The climax scene shows the culmination of their conflict, while the catharsis scene provides a resolution, where one of the mothers finally realizes the importance of small changes in daily habits that can have a big impact on the environment. This work aims to educate the audience, especially families and housewives, about the importance of raising environmental awareness from an early age in children. Through the use of parallel structure, the message about simple behaviors that have a significant impact on the environment becomes more powerful and compelling, inspiring the audience to take positive action in their daily lives for a better planet. The use of parallel structure in this scenario also serves to demonstrate how the two mothers, despite coming from different backgrounds, can share the same goal of preserving the earth.

The Geothermal Power Plant (PLTP) project in Batukuwung Village, Padarincang District, Serang Regency, has raised concerns among the community about the threat of environmental damage and disruption of the sustainability of the local agricultural system. So far, the community has depended on traditional agriculture that is closely tied to local social, cultural, and ecological values. PLTP projects, which are framed as part of the clean energy transition, actually create tensions between development and environmental conservation. This research aims to examine the social and ecological impact of the PLTP project on the lives of the village community. The method used is a qualitative approach with case studies. Data were collected through purposive sampling techniques for in-depth interviews with affected residents, community leaders, and environmental activists, as well as analysis of online media content and policy documents. The results of the study show that the presence of the project has created ecological and social vulnerability. Disruption to access to clean water, degradation of soil quality, and disruption of agricultural ecosystems are serious threats. In addition, the space for public participation in the project-related decision-making process is very limited, thus triggering resistance and horizontal conflicts. These findings show that the clean energy narrative does not always align with the reality on the ground. Therefore, it is important to consider the principles of ecological justice and the sovereignty of local communities in any energy development policy. This study recommends participatory dialogue and a thorough environmental evaluation before the project proceeds, so that development does not compromise the right of life of local communities and the ecological sustainability of the region. The active involvement of citizens as subjects, not objects of development, is the key to creating sustainable and equitable solutions for all affected parties.

The war between India and Pakistan has had a devastating impact on the economies of both the countries directly involved and those indirectly affected. The economic impacts of this armed conflict include significant infrastructure damage, reduced production capacity, soaring inflation, rising unemployment, and reduced investment flows. This geopolitical instability has also fueled uncertainty in global financial markets, triggering a "flight to safety" phenomenon, a shift in capital and investment to countries or instruments perceived as safer, such as US government bonds or gold. For Indonesia, this situation has the potential to significantly disrupt national economic stability. One impact is a reduction in foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows, as investors tend to hold back or relocate their investments to more geopolitically stable countries. Furthermore, pressure on the rupiah exchange rate could increase due to global financial market volatility and a decline in international investor confidence. The conflict could also hamper Indonesia's export traffic, particularly to countries with close trade ties with India and Pakistan. Furthermore, these tensions could disrupt global supply chains, particularly for energy and food commodities, many of which pass through strategic trade routes. If the conflict drags on, the price of crude oil and other raw materials could potentially rise sharply, which in turn would increase domestic production costs. This would have a direct impact on inflation and public purchasing power. This situation further complicates the management of Indonesia's monetary and fiscal policies, which currently face significant challenges, such as the imminent maturities of large government debt and a still-widening state budget deficit. The government must take strategic steps to maintain domestic economic stability, strengthen foreign exchange reserves, and encourage export market diversification to reduce over-reliance on conflict-prone countries.

The potential war between India and Pakistan poses significant risks to the Indonesian economy, as it is expected to exacerbate uncertainty in the global financial market. Such geopolitical tensions often trigger a ‘flight to safety,’ where capital flows shift to countries considered stable, leading to reduced foreign direct investment (FDI) in emerging markets like Indonesia. This scenario is likely to place additional pressure on Indonesia’s exchange rate, further destabilizing its financial position. One of the key impacts of the looming India-Pakistan war on Indonesia is its effect on monetary and fiscal management. The Indonesian government is already facing significant challenges, including managing a large amount of maturing debt and grappling with a growing budget deficit. The war would complicate these efforts, making it more difficult for the government to stabilize the economy and implement effective policies. Indonesia’s export sector will also be affected, as India and Pakistan are two of the country’s main trading partners, especially for key commodities like crude palm oil (CPO) and coal. India is Indonesia’s 4th largest export destination, accounting for approximately 9% of total exports, while Pakistan represents around 1.9%. Any disruption in trade with these countries, due to the war or political instability, could significantly hurt Indonesia’s export revenues and negatively affect industries reliant on these markets. Moreover, Indonesia is already facing challenges from the United States, which has imposed reciprocal tariffs worth 32% on Indonesian products. This trade tension, combined with the geopolitical instability from the India-Pakistan conflict, will add further strain to Indonesia’s trade balance. The combination of these factors could lead to slower economic growth, reduced investor confidence, and potentially higher inflation, as the country faces multiple external and internal economic pressures.

This research examines the legal framework governing digital employment contracts on gig economy platforms, with particular focus on the tension between operational flexibility and worker protection within the Indonesian legal context. The study employs comparative legal analysis methodology, exam-ining Indonesia's regulatory approach against international frameworks including the European Union's Platform Work Directive (2024), California's AB5 legislation, France's flexicurity model, and Spain's Rider Law. The research analyzes the employment status classification challenges faced by approximately 2.5 million Indonesian gig workers who operate within a legal gray area between traditional employment and genuine self-employment. The investigation reveals that Indonesia's current regulatory framework lacks comprehensive provisions addressing platform-mediated work relationships, creating significant legal ambiguity regarding worker rights and protections. Through comparative analysis, the study demonstrates that jurisdictions implementing presumption-based employment tests, such as California's ABC test, have successfully reduced misclassification by reversing the burden of proof onto hiring entities. The research identifies that the absence of clear classification criteria in Indonesian law undermines constitutional principles of social justice and equal protection as enshrined in Articles 27(2) and 28D(2) of the 1945 Constitution.The study concludes that Indonesia requires adaptive legislation that establishes rebuttable presumptions of employment for platform workers while maintaining appropriate flexibility for genuine entrepreneurial activities. The primary legal insight reveals that effective regulatory frameworks must in-corporate algorithmic transparency requirements, collective bargaining mechanisms, and social security provisions. The research recommends implementing a presumption-based classification system similar to the ABC test, coupled with mandatory platform engagement with elected worker representatives on tariffs and working conditions, thereby ensuring fundamental labor protections without stifling technological innovation.

family conflict is portrayed in the film Uang Panai Maha(R)l 2 using Roland Barthes' semiotic framework. The film reflects the social reality of the Bugis-Makassar community, which highly upholds cultural values, particularly regarding arranged marriage, family honor, and the significant role of parents in their children's lives. The main objective of this research is to understand how family conflict is represented through visible and spoken symbols within the film’s narrative. This research employs a descriptive qualitative method by analyzing semiotic elements in several scenes that depict conflict, such as forced marriage, intergenerational differences, and the pressure of tradition against personal desires. The analysis is conducted through the three levels of meaning proposed by Barthes: denotation, connotation, and myth. The results show that Uang Panai Maha(R)l 2 illustrates the tension between traditional values and modern realities, which still occur within family life in Indonesia.

The film Prisoners (2013), directed by Denis Villeneuve, presents a complex portrayal of emotional intensity, moral ambiguity, and psychological struggle in the aftermath of a child kidnapping. Conflict becomes the central element that shapes the characters, drives the storyline, and raises important questions about justice, resilience, and ethical boundaries. This study aims to explore the internal and external conflicts found in Prisoners, and how these tensions reflect challenges often encountered in real life. Using a descriptive qualitative method and based on William Kenney’s theory of conflict, the research closely analyzes key scenes and character interactions to identify patterns of tension and confrontation. The results show that Prisoners features 15 conflict events: internal conflict (26.67%), man vs. man (33.33%),man vs. society (26.67%), and man vs. nature (13.33%), with with man vs. man emerging as the most dominant, emphasizing the focus on intense personal struggles and confrontations between characters. The findings suggest that Prisoners (2013) uses conflict not just as a narrative device, but also as a way to invite the audience to reflect on moral choices, human limits, and the emotional cost of seeking justice in moments of crisis.

The reciprocal tariff policy has a significant impact on a number of countries, including Indonesia. In this scheme, Indonesian non-oil and gas products are subject to a tariff of 32% when entering the US market. Such a high tariff places Indonesian exporters in a less competitive position compared to other countries that have more favorable trade arrangements with the United States. This condition becomes more complex when viewed in the broader context of the US-EU trade war, which creates uncertainty and turbulence in the global economy. Indonesian exports are affected both directly and indirectly. Indirect impacts can be seen from disruptions to the global supply chain, the slowdown in the world economy, and decreased global demand. As global production networks become increasingly interconnected, any disruption in major economies will ultimately suppress demand for Indonesian export commodities. This means that even if Indonesian products are not directly targeted, the ripple effects of global trade tensions will still hinder Indonesia’s export performance. For instance, reduced consumption in Europe and the US due to rising product prices and inflation will diminish market opportunities for Indonesian goods.On the other hand, direct impacts arise because several Indonesian products have been explicitly subjected to tariffs by the US government. These include textiles and textile products (TPT), electronics and their components, footwear, furniture, and palm oil (crude palm oil/CPO). Such tariffs significantly reduce Indonesia’s competitiveness in the US market, potentially leading to decreased export volumes, lower revenues for domestic industries, and job losses in export-oriented sectors. Furthermore, the policy also makes European products much more expensive in the US market, which worsens the global supply chain, increases logistics costs, triggers inflation, and escalates uncertainty in international trade.

Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disorder characterized by decreased bone density, resulting in brittle, porous, and easily broken bones. This condition is more common in the elderly, especially women over 60 years of age, due to hormonal changes, the aging process, and lifestyle factors. Common clinical manifestations experienced by sufferers include back pain that can interfere with daily activities and reduce quality of life. Osteoporosis treatment does not only rely on pharmacological therapy, but can also be done through non-pharmacological therapies such as progressive muscle relaxation techniques that aim to reduce muscle tension and pain perception. This study aims to determine the effect of progressive muscle relaxation techniques on pain reduction in elderly osteoporosis sufferers in Bangun Rejo Village, Tanjung Morawa District, North Sumatra Province. The research method used a quasi-experimental design with a pre-test post-test control group design. The study involved 28 elderly respondents who met the inclusion criteria, divided into two groups: an experimental group that received progressive muscle relaxation intervention and a control group that did not receive intervention. The intervention was carried out in a structured manner according to standard procedures throughout the study period. Pain levels were measured using a numeric pain scale before and after treatment. Data analysis showed a significant reduction in pain levels in the experimental group compared to the control group, with a p-value of 0.040. These results indicate that progressive muscle relaxation techniques are effective as a non-pharmacological method for reducing pain in elderly people with osteoporosis. The findings of this study are expected to provide input for healthcare professionals, particularly nurses, in developing simple, safe, and affordable interventions to improve the quality of life of elderly people with osteoporosis, as well as encourage the routine implementation of this therapy in primary and community healthcare settings.

Indonesia has two frameworks of a criminal law system that runs in parallel, namely Western criminal law which comes from the Dutch colonial heritage through the Criminal Code (KUHP) and customary criminal law that develops in society based on traditional norms. Both have important positions in the national legal system despite their different characters and sources of legitimacy. The Criminal Code is present as a general written law with a strong codification and legal certainty, while customary criminal law is more flexible, dynamic, and emphasizes the value of social justice that lives in society. In practice, the application of customary criminal law is often oriented towards restoring harmony, deliberation, and family settlement. This is different from the Criminal Code which emphasizes formal sanctions in the form of imprisonment, fines, or other punishments that are retributive. This difference in orientation is what makes customary criminal law still relevant and accepted in various regions, even though it does not always receive full recognition in Indonesia's positive legal system. Along with the times, the government has drafted a Draft Criminal Code Bill (RUU KUHP) which is expected to be a form of national criminal law unification. The Criminal Code Bill from 2005 to the latest one in 2020 tried to incorporate elements of customary criminal law into the national legal framework. This aims to accommodate the legal pluralism that exists in Indonesia, as well as answer the needs of the community for a legal system that not only provides legal certainty, but also reflects a sense of social justice. Thus, the comparison between the Criminal Code and customary criminal law shows that there is tension as well as the potential for integration.

Anxiety experienced by pregnant women is a common psychological problem and can have a significant negative impact on maternal health and fetal development. This anxiety can be caused by various factors, including physical changes, concerns about the delivery process, and new responsibilities as parents. Therefore, it is important to find effective ways to address this anxiety. One non-pharmacological approach that can be implemented is the use of lemon aromatherapy, which is known to have calming and relaxing properties. This activity aims to increase the knowledge and skills of pregnant women in utilizing lemon aromatherapy as a method to reduce their anxiety. This activity was held in June 2025 at PMB Lismarini, involving 20 pregnant women who actively participated in this program. The method used in this activity included several stages: education on the benefits of aromatherapy, demonstrations on how to use it, hands-on practice using lemon aromatherapy, and evaluation conducted through pre- and post-tests to measure changes in participants' anxiety levels. The results of this activity showed a significant decrease in participants' anxiety levels. Previously, many pregnant women were in the severe and moderate anxiety categories, but after participating in the activity, they shifted to mild anxiety and even no anxiety. Lemon aromatherapy has been proven effective in providing relaxation and reducing emotional tension experienced by pregnant women. Therefore, this activity is expected to become a promotional educational model in maternal health services. Through this approach, it is hoped that pregnant women will better understand and utilize aromatherapy as a way to maintain their mental health during pregnancy. Furthermore, this activity can also provide health workers with insight into the importance of non-pharmacological approaches in supporting the mental health of pregnant women.

The author constructs the story world through elements such as plot, character, and setting. These elements are interconnected and form a cohesive whole within the narrative. This study aims to examine and analyze the story elements in the novel Angin Bersyair by Andrei Aksana. The theoretical framework used in this research is Robert Stanton's structuralism theory. This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach. Data collection was carried out through literature study, using techniques such as reading the novel, highlighting and identifying data, classifying, selecting, compiling the data corpus, and organizing the data. The results of the analysis show that the novel Angin Bersyair by Andrei Aksana is constructed using a mixed plot structure, the setting is categorized into place, time, and atmosphere. The characterization includes both main and supporting characters. The mixed plot in the novel combines both progressive and regressive plot patterns, allowing the author to weave past and present events fluidly to enrich the narrative tension and emotional depth. The temporal shifts also reflect the psychological complexity of the main characters, especially in relation to themes of love, identity, and longing. The setting of place varies from urban environments that reflect modern social dynamics to more introspective or symbolic places that reveal the characters’ inner worlds. The time setting spans multiple periods, indicating a narrative that draws heavily on memory and personal transformation. The atmosphere often shifts between melancholic, romantic, and contemplative tones, aligning with the protagonist’s emotional journey. Character analysis reveals a strong central figure whose emotional struggles and internal conflicts are supported and contrasted by secondary characters, enriching the story’s multidimensionality. The protagonist is depicted with psychological depth, while the supporting characters serve as foils or catalysts for change. Overall, this research highlights how Angin Bersyair employs literary elements to construct a rich and emotionally engaging narrative grounded in structuralist principles.