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The transformation of the modern labor market has posed significant challenges for young people, particularly in the form of career uncertainty, excessive work flexibility, and the mismatch between education and labor market demands. This study aims to explore how Indonesian youth respond to these conditions through the lens of ambivalence and resilience theories by Colombo & Rebughini. The research uses a qualitative method with in-depth interviews involving two university graduates working in fields unrelated to their academic backgrounds. The findings reveal that the lack of job stability, economic pressure, and educational mismatch drive young people to develop various adaptive strategies. These include personal resilience such as introspection and optimism, as well as social resilience supported by family and peer networks. Furthermore, the meaning of work among youth is shifting—not merely as a source of income, but as a space for self-actualization, skill relevance, and psychological comfort. This is consistent with previous studies in SINTA-indexed journals, which emphasize that Indonesian youth today are redefining success and meaningful work within an increasingly ambivalent social landscape. The study concludes that youth are not merely passive victims of economic uncertainty but are also active agents in constructing their own narratives of work and life. Therefore, it is essential for educational institutions, industries, and the state to provide adaptive environments that allow youth to grow sustainably within a dynamic labor ecosystem.

Sebatik Island, which is located on the border of Indonesia and Malaysia, is a very strategic area but is vulnerable to illegal immigration problems. The unclear geography, as well as the social and economic dependence of the community on Malaysia, worsens the situation by creating illegal crossing routes that are difficult to monitor. This article explores various collaborative efforts made by Indonesia and Malaysia to strengthen supervision and law enforcement in the Sebatik Island area. These efforts include joint patrols, cross-border coordination, improving immigration facilities, and more integrated law enforcement. However, obstacles such as differences in policy, limited personnel and the strength of smuggling networks still hamper the effectiveness of border management. For this reason, more intensive cooperation is needed, to ensure the protection of state sovereignty and the welfare of border communities.

This study aims to examine the village government's strategy in developing the tourism potential of Lake Rana Kulan, located in Rana Kulan Village, Elar Sub-district, East Manggarai Regency. The research uses a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques include interviews, observation, and documentation, using both primary and secondary data sources. Data analysis was carried out through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The study adopts the tourism development components theory by Gunn (2002), which includes attraction, service/facilities, promotion, transportation, and information. The results show that the village government is working to develop tourism attractions such as the lake's natural beauty, fishing and swimming activities, as well as cultural attractions like festivals. In terms of facilities, gazebos, toilets, parking areas, a stage, and trash bins are available, although food stalls and accommodations remain limited. Basic infrastructure such as solar power (PLTS) and internet networks are in place, but clean water supply remains a challenge. Promotion is conducted through social media and cultural festivals, with plans to develop a village website. Road access to the location is still damaged but under repair, supported by local motorcycle taxi services. In terms of information, there are directional signs and digital access via Google Maps and the Jadesta website. Overall, the strategies implemented indicate the village government's commitment to tourism development, although infrastructure and facility limitations remain obstacles.

This research discusses the process of relocating residents from informal settlements under the Pasopati Bridge to Simple Rental Flats (Rusunawa) in Solokan Jeruk, Bandung Regency. This relocation is a policy of the Bandung City Government and West Java Provincial Government to organize extreme slum areas and provide adequate housing for low-income people. Using a qualitative approach and literature study, this research analyzes the mechanisms for implementing relocation, the actors involved, and the social and economic impacts experienced by residents after relocation. The research results show that although relocation provides access to more adequate housing and basic facilities, residents face serious challenges in terms of social adaptation, loss of community networks, increased economic burden, and loss of old sources of livelihood. Relocation also causes psychosocial pressure and shifts in the structure of social interactions due to changes in the physical environment and social norms in the flat. This study emphasizes the importance of a participatory approach and comprehensive post-relocation interventions, including economic, social and psychological support, so that relocation is not just a physical transfer, but also a sustainable life transformation for affected residents.

This community service activity aims to increase the financial independence of the Women Farmers Group (KWT) in Sudiang, Makassar, through a networking approach and strengthening financial literacy capacity. The main problems faced by the local KWT are the still low understanding of group financial management, limited access to financial information, and dependence on external assistance. Through socialization, training, and interactive discussions, participants were provided with an understanding of the basic concepts of financial independence, simple financial record keeping, collective fund management, and the importance of institutional networks as a sustainability strategy. The results of the activity showed an increase in members' understanding of the importance of financial literacy and the ability to design an internal financial system independently. In addition, strengthening networks with local stakeholders was also started as a first step towards finding a KWT business. The activity concluded with a question and answer session and the presentation of certificates to participants as a form of appreciation and ongoing motivation. Going forward, further mentoring is needed so that the empowerment process can continue to develop consistently. As a follow-up to this activity, a sustainable mentoring strategy is needed so that the understanding and skills that have been acquired do not just stop at the level of knowledge, but can be implemented in real life in the KWT's daily activities. This mentoring can include monitoring the group's financial records, facilitating access to microfinance institutions, and training in building partnerships with external parties such as government, academics, and the private sector. With structured mentoring, KWT is expected to be able to build a transparent and accountable financial management system and support the growth of sustainable, productive businesses. This aligns with efforts to strengthen women's independence in the agricultural sector while contributing to the welfare of families and the wider community.

This research focuses on the involvement of community organizations (CSOs) in business activities in Makassar City, emphasizing the dynamics of power relations that develop outside the formal framework of the state. In daily practice, CSOs frequently conduct inspections, symbolic enforcement, and even intimidation against business actors despite lacking official government mandates, resulting in a shift in oversight functions to the informal realm. The aim of this research is to understand how CSOs can gain social legitimacy and exercise pseudo-authoritative authority in the public sphere. To address this, the research methods used include in-depth interviews with 18 informants and analysis of 21 relevant documents. The analysis shows that CSOs' authority is formed through informal socio-political networks that rely on three main factors: community support, closeness to security forces, and local media coverage that strengthens their symbolic legitimacy. This then results in pseudo-authority, a form of de facto authority that is accepted in certain social contexts even though it is not legally recognized. Further findings indicate resistance from business actors and community leaders who question the legality and economic impact of mass organization interventions, which are considered to have the potential to hamper the business climate and create uncertainty. However, the weak response from local governments actually emphasizes the gap in formal oversight mechanisms, opening up space for mass organizations to fill this role. This condition indicates that the authorizing environment is not institutional as it should be, but rather social, contested, and dependent on the dynamics of power relations at the local level. Thus, this study provides a picture of how the pseudo-authority practices of mass organizations are formed, accepted, and questioned in the context of urban social and economic governance.

This study examines in depth the history and development of Kaing Lunggi—the local term for songket cloth—in the Sambas region, West Kalimantan. This study has two main focuses. First, tracing the history of the cloth and textile trade in Southeast Asia that became the background for the entry of external influences into the Sambas region. Second, understanding how Kaing Lunggi emerged, developed, and transformed within the social, economic, and cultural contexts of the local community. Using a historical approach and textile cultural analysis, this study positions Kaing Lunggi as a cultural product born from the dynamics of regional trade since the Sambas Sultanate era. Historical records show that trade networks during that period connected Sambas with major trading centers such as Malacca, Singapore, and the coastal areas of Borneo. Through this route, there was an exchange of raw materials, weaving techniques, and decorative motifs that were then adapted by local artisans. The process of aculturation is visible in Kaing Lunggi motifs that combine local elements with external influences, such as typical Indonesian flora and fauna combined with geometric patterns and typical Malay stylization. The songket weaving technique demonstrates high skill and has been passed down through generations, making it an important part of intangible cultural heritage. Besides its economic value as a trade commodity, Kaing Lunggi also holds a symbolic role. It is worn in various traditional ceremonies, religious celebrations, and as a marker of social status in Sambas society. The use of color, gold thread, and the complexity of the motifs serve as indicators of the wearer's identity and prestige. The results of this study confirm that traditional textiles such as Kaing Lunggi function not only as cultural artifacts but also as active agents in shaping the history and identity of the community. They represent cross-cultural encounters and serve as evidence of the resilience of local traditions amidst globalization.

This study aims to enhance digital security literacy among Dompet Digital users. With the growing adoption of Dompet Digitals offering transactional convenience, digital security risks have also risen, especially among users with limited data protection awareness. The educational program focuses on introducing digital security risks, such as phishing, malware, and social engineering, along with providing protective strategies like two-factor authentication (2FA) and avoiding unsecured public Wi-Fi networks. The methods employed include socialization sessions, seminars, and workshops designed to build Dompet Digital users’ awareness in safeguarding their accounts. The program results indicate a significant increase in users' awareness and practical skills in identifying risks and implementing security measures. Additionally, users are expected to act as change agents, spreading this knowledge within their communities. Regular educational initiatives and collaboration with Dompet Digital providers are also recommended as ongoing steps to maintain digital security.

Indonesian Migrant Workers (PMI) abroad often face various social, legal, and cultural challenges that can increase their vulnerability in everyday life. One effort to minimize these vulnerabilities is through the establishment of regional community organizations as a platform for solidarity, advocacy, and cultural identity preservation. This community service activity aims to assist in the formation of the Ikatan Warga Ponorogo di Hong Kong (IWPH) — an association of PMI from Ponorogo working in Hong Kong. The methods employed include community needs assessment, facilitation of organizational meetings, formulation of organizational statutes and bylaws, and basic community-based advocacy training. The results of this activity showed high enthusiasm among PMI from Ponorogo to participate in this community as a forum for sharing information, social protection, and preserving regional cultural traditions abroad. Moreover, IWPH has begun to actively voice issues faced by PMI, such as overcharging, gender-based violence, and unclear employment contracts. The establishment of IWPH is expected to serve as a model for strengthening social networks and advocacy based on regional community groups, enhancing the bargaining power of Indonesian migrant workers abroad. This activity also reflects the contribution of higher education institutions in supporting the protection and empowerment of Indonesian migrant workers in various destination countries.

This research discusses the implementation of a non-cash payment system in Betun City, Malacca Regency. This study aims to find out how to implement the non-cash payment system, as well as to find out the supporting and inhibiting factors in the implementation of non-cash payments. This study uses a qualitative research approach with a qualitative descriptive research type. The data sources used in this study are primary data and secondary data. The data collection techniques in this study are observation, interviews and documentation. The results of this study show that the implementation of the non-cash payment system in Betun City, Malacca Regency has not been fully implemented by the people of Betun City, Malacca Regency using non-cash payments. Supporting factors in the implementation of the non-cash payment system in Betun City, Malacca Regency, are the cooperation between banks and the government and socialization to the community. The factors inhibiting the implementation of non-cash payments in the city of Betun, Malacca Regency are still low human resources and unstable internet networks.

Families with disabled members often face physical, emotional, social, and spiritual challenges. In this situation, the presence of Islamic religious instructors is essential to strengthen the mental and spiritual well-being of the family. This article aims to examine the strategic role of Islamic religious instructors in this context, an aspect that has not been widely studied before. Field research was conducted for two months, January–February 2025, at the Family Support Group in Wonosobo Regency, involving 27 respondents. The results of the study indicate that religious instructors have an important role in assisting families with disabilities. For this reason, a comprehensive and empathetic counseling strategy is needed, namely: an empathetic and conducive approach, a planned systematic approach, and a sustainable approach through networks. These three approaches are based on the principles of rahmatan lil 'alamin (compassion), wasathiyah (moderation), and participatory (involving the family as the subject). This article emphasizes the importance of the role of Islamic religious instructors, and recommends that the Ministry of Religion draft regulations that prioritize counseling services for families with disabilities.

This community service program aims to empower student entrepreneurs through digitalization and strengthening sustainable business capacity. The activities are comprehensively designed with a participatory and experiential learning approach, so that participants not only understand the concepts theoretically but also are able to apply them practically. The program consists of various activities, such as interactive workshops on digital marketing and sustainable business models, business clinics to analyze current business problems, digitalization simulations using online platforms, individual mentoring sessions by business practitioners, and presentations of business plans developed by each participant. A total of 30 students from various study programs were actively involved and demonstrated high enthusiasm throughout the process. A total of 30 students from various study programs were actively involved and demonstrated high enthusiasm throughout the process. Program evaluation was conducted through observation, questionnaires, and assessments of the developed digital action plans. The evaluation results showed significant improvements in cognitive aspects (understanding of digitalization concepts, sustainable business models, and digital marketing strategies), affective (interest and commitment to business development), and application (the ability to develop and present innovative business plans relevant to digital challenges). Ninety percent of participants were able to develop digital action plans that encompassed the use of social media, e-commerce, digital payment systems, and technology integration in business operations. Furthermore, the program encouraged collaboration among students in building business networks and young entrepreneur communities. Positive participant feedback demonstrated that the participatory approach and hands-on practice were effective in increasing student motivation and readiness to face business challenges in the digital era. The program has proven effective in enhancing students' entrepreneurial competencies and fostering an adaptive business mindset.

The rise of trade in protected wildlife threatens the preservation of biodiversity in Indonesia, especially in the Aceh and North Sumatra regions. This is because punishment does not provide a deterrent effect to the perpetrators and the involvement of officials in its implementation, so that law enforcement against the trade in protected wildlife has not been felt effective in the eyes of the public. In this thesis, the author wants to know the extent of the effectiveness of law enforcement carried out by Forestry Civil Servant Investigators (PPNS) against protected wildlife trade through issues related to law enforcement, obstacles in law enforcement and efforts that have been made to overcome these obstacles. This research was conducted in Section I of the Sumatra Regional Environmental and Forestry Law Enforcement Center. The research method used is a case study with a qualitative approach. Data was collected through interviews with PPNS Forestry and related parties, as well as analysis of documents related to protected wildlife trafficking cases. The results of the study show that the effectiveness of law enforcement by PPNS Forestry has been quite effective, although it is still faced with several obstacles in its implementation. Law enforcement against the trade in protected wildlife starts from preemptive, preventive, repressive and judicial actions. Light punishment, the use of undercover buy techniques, proof of evidence, involvement of officials, facilities and infrastructure, human resources and public awareness are still factors that hinder law enforcement. Therefore, efforts have been made to overcome these obstacles by revising the law, strengthening intelligence networks, adding and increasing human resources, coordinating with related agencies and socializing to the community. The author recommends that socialization be carried out to law enforcement officials regarding the equality of perception in the implementation of Law Number 32 of 2024 and establish close cooperation with the TNI and Polri intelligence networks and make strict rules against officers involved in the trade of protected wildlife.

The distribution and abuse of narcotics among children has become an increasingly alarming issue in Indonesia. Children are not only victims but also become perpetrators within drug networks. Law enforcement practices often neglect the principles of restorative justice and child protection, and are still not fully accompanied by adequate understanding and implementation by law enforcement officers. In addition, social stigma toward children involved in narcotics cases presents a major obstacle in their rehabilitation and social reintegration processes. This paper adopts a juridical and sociological approach to examine legal practices and the social impact experienced by child offenders of narcotics, while offering holistic solutions involving synergy between the legal system, families, and society. The findings emphasize the need to enhance the capacity of law enforcement, establish child-specific rehabilitation centers, and promote public education to eliminate the persistent negative stigma.

The rapid evolution of digital technology has significantly reshaped how Generation Z communicates, interacts, and participates in social activities. Born in a digital-native era, Gen Z demonstrates strong capabilities in using digital platforms, positioning them as key players across various domains, from social engagement to the workforce. This research applies a descriptive qualitative method to explore how Gen Z actively and creatively utilizes technology. Data were gathered through semi-structured interviews, online observation, and digital content analysis. The findings indicate that Gen Z frequently engages with social media platforms like TikTok, Instagram, and WhatsApp to express themselves, share insights, and expand their networks. However, uncontrolled usage also brings potential downsides such as digital addiction and exposure to inappropriate content. In the professional world, their digital proficiency offers a strong advantage, as they are quick to adapt to evolving digital work systems. In conclusion, Generation Z holds substantial potential to influence social and economic transformation, provided they are supported with sufficient digital literacy and appropriate guidance.

The purpose of this study was to determine the Economic Independence of the Nias Ethnic Group as a survival strategy in the face of social exclusion in Tarutung District, North Tapanuli Regency. The research method used was qualitative research. Data collection using techniques, observation, interviews and documentation. From the results of the study obtained. The economic independence of the Nias ethnic group can be seen from the existence of barbershops and tailors that have developed in Tarutung District. Social exclusion occurs among the Nias ethnic group which results in the Nias ethnic group preferring to create their own businesses. The economic adaptation strategy of the Nias ethnic group in Tarutung District, North Tapanuli Regency, that the economic adaptation strategy carried out by the Nias Ethnic Group is generally by utilizing social networks by utilizing social networks of family, friends, and communities. The Nias ethnic group who migrated to Tarutung, some of them have family or relatives who have migrated to Tarutung. Through the use of this network, the Nias ethnic group is able and easy to get information opportunities regarding job opportunities and business opportunities. Managing their own business is adjusted to their interests or skills, this business is limited in scale and managed by one individual. The Nias ethnic group establishes their own business because they have capital, either from capital collected by themselves or capital assistance from their families. adapting to existing jobs and in accordance with their respective skills. The development of the barbershop or sewing business of the Nias ethnic group in Tarutung greatly influences the development of the economic progress of the Nias ethnic group in Tarutung.

In the digital era, the ability to utilize social networks and digital platforms to gain financial education and make financial decisions in accordance with sharia principles is increasingly essential. This study aims to analyze the influence of social capital and digital literacy on Islamic financial literacy among Generation Z. A quantitative approach was employed, with primary data collected from 209 respondents through purposive sampling, consisting of Generation Z individuals residing in Yogyakarta. Data analysis was conducted using path analysis with the Structural Equation Modeling approach based on Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS), utilizing the SmartPLS 3.0 software. Construct reliability testing, discriminant validity, and hypothesis testing were carried out to evaluate the relationships between variables. The results indicate that social capital and digital literacy have a positive and significant effect on Islamic financial literacy. Digital literacy enhances individuals’ access to Islamic financial information through digital media, while social capital strengthens knowledge sharing and trust within communities. These findings highlight the importance of leveraging digital technology and reinforcing community-based approaches to improve Islamic financial literacy. This study contributes to the growing body of literature on the interaction between social capital, digital literacy, and Islamic financial literacy in the digital age and offers strategic insights for educational institutions and financial service providers to promote sharia-based financial literacy.

Education is widely recognized as a crucial investment with significant economic and social benefits. This study employs a bibliometric approach to analyze trends, influential works, and research patterns related to Return on Education (RoE). Using Google Scholar as the primary data source, publication metadata were retrieved and analyzed with VOSviewer to visualize co-authorship networks, keyword co-occurrences, and citation relationships. The findings indicate an increasing research focus on RoE, particularly in areas concerning economic returns, labor market alignment, and educational policy optimization. The keyword analysis highlights the importance of skill development, policy adaptation, and industry collaboration in maximizing educational returns. Additionally, citation network analysis reveals the most influential studies shaping this field. Despite its contributions, this study acknowledges limitations in data completeness due to Google Scholar’s metadata constraints. The insights derived from this analysis provide valuable guidance for policymakers, educators, and researchers in enhancing the effectiveness of educational investments.

Social networks seem to strengthen the position of the internet as a new communication medium, where distances seem to no longer be visible, information and messages can be conveyed globally in a short time. Various companies are trying to use social media marketing to develop their business, one of which is the Official Enormous Tutoring. The aim of this research is to analyze the Social Media Marketing Strategy in Forming Brand Awareness of Enormous Official Tutoring. The theory used is Quesenberry's social media strategy, namely analyzing business objectives, target audience, social analysis; big ideas and storytelling on social media and inspirational stories; Integration of social media with marketing, advertising and public relations. The approach used is qualitative with descriptive methods. Informant selection techniques were purposive and data collection techniques were interviews and literature studies. Data analysis techniques with Miles and Huberman are data reduction, data presentation, data verification and description. The findings or results of this research are that the ENS social media marketing strategy uses 3 elements, namely, firstly laying the basic framework for conversation, secondly making improvements and starting conversations, thirdly integrating marketing, advertising and public relations with social media. However, the third element is not integrated with public relations.

Social media is one of the most powerful tools brought into new opportunities not only for the marketing sector but also in the political sector for establishing networks within society, sharing information, and making awareness within the communities. SMN provides an exclusive platform for independent discussion for everybody. The former Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina was the head of the state and ruling the country under her power. The country was run consecutively for 3 terms, nearly 16 years without holding a free and fair election. This empirical case study is conducted to examine the power of social media in driving political change in Bangladesh. Secondly, how does the social media networking (SMN) platform impact changing the Gen Z mindset? Thirdly, how the social media tools has been used by the celebrity to mobilize the mass protest to remove the autocrat government in Bangladesh. On the other hand, to evaluate the opposition party like BNP gets benefit from the social media to get enough public strength to remove the autocratic government in Bangladesh. The survey was conducted to collect data through the questionnaire and 495 samples collected from all across Bangladesh. Meanwhile, non-random sampling techniques were also applied to get sample units in this research. The data was analyzed by using the SPSS software to get actual output. The collected all data was summarized to find out the frequency, percentage, correlation between the variables, and mean score of the research. The participant of respondents indicates the social media platform has influence on mass mobilization to change the regime in Bangladesh. The finding of the result shows that Facebook, Messenger, WhatsApp and TikTok are the favorite platforms used during the student movement. The significant of the result shows that social media was playing a vital key role in mobilizing all parties together and shaping the public opinion in one path to remove the Prime Minister of Sheikh Hasina on August 5th 2024.