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Outsourcing means handing over part of the work implementation to another company through a work contract agreement or worker/labor service provider. This research aims to analyze the form of disharmony in legal norms in outsourcing policies in Indonesia, and to analyze the protection of outsourced workers in terms of John Rawls's theory of Justice. This research is normative research using primary and secondary data obtained from literature reviews and statutory regulations related to the issues raised. The results of this research show that the work relationship that is practiced in the outsourcing system based on Article 65 paragraph (8) of Law Number 13 of 2003 states that work relations that initially occur between workers/laborers and the company receiving the work can in certain cases change to work relations between workers/laborers. with the employing company. This shift creates problems because from the start, employment relations only existed between the employer company and the workers/laborers. After the decision of the Constitutional Court Number 27/PUU-IX/2011, the working relationship between outsourced workers/laborers and outsourcing companies can be carried out through a Specific Time Work Agreement (PKWTT) or a Certain Time Work Agreement (PKWT), but the implication of the Constitutional Court's decision is that if the employment relationship between workers/workers and outsourcing companies that are not based on PKWTT or PKWT, this will create uncertainty about the employment relationship status for outsourced workers/laborers. Regarding the protection of the uncertainty of employment relations between outsourced workers/laborers, John Rawls stated that it would be unfair to sacrifice the rights of one or several people just for the sake of greater economic benefits for society as a whole. Justice as fairness means that not only those who are talented and have better abilities -in this case permanent employees of a company have the right to enjoy various social benefits more, but these benefits must also open up opportunities for those who are less fortunate in terms of These are outsourced workers/laborers in order to improve their standard of living.

Men's participation in the Family Planning (KB) program is still very minimal due to the limited choice of contraceptive methods. Efforts need to be made to develop contraceptive methods, one of which is using natural ingredients. Bitter melon (Momordica charantia L) is known to have potential benefits as a male antifertility agent. This research used an experimental design with a sample size of 20 mice divided into 4 groups randomly. Treatment groups 1-3 were given different doses, namely 100, 80, 60 mg of bitter melon ethanol extract/100g BW/day, and the control group was given distilled water for 35 days. The mice were sacrificed the day after the last dose, then spermatozoa were collected from the epididymis and their number, motility, viability and morphology were examined. The results of this study showed a significant decrease in the number and motility of spermatozoa and was directly proportional to the size of the dose given. In terms of viability parameters, there was a significant decrease at all doses. Meanwhile, for spermatozoa morphology, only a dose of 100 mg had a significant impact. The conclusion from the results of this research is that giving bitter melon fruit extract has an effect on the number, motility, viability and morphology of spermatozoa. The most effective dose is 100 mg/100 gBB/day.

The purpose of this research is to describe and find out the moral values ​​contained in the collection of short stories by Ustad Salim Menangis by Budi Maryono. This study uses a qualitative method. The approach used in this study is a qualitative descriptive approach and sociology of literature. The data collection technique used in this study was listening, reading, and taking notes. The technique of presenting research data uses informal techniques. The data analysis technique used in this research is content analysis. The results of the study show that there is a moral value contained in the collection of short stories by Ustad Salim Crying by Budi Maryono. There are three types of moral values, namely the human relationship with oneself, the human relationship with God, and the human relationship with the social sphere and the natural environment. The moral values ​​of human relations with oneself include working hard, promising, having principles, responsibility, managing time, never giving up, awareness, regret, and self-improvement. The moral values ​​of human relations with God include praying, trusting God, worshiping God, second chances from God, sacrifice, and surrender. The moral values ​​of human relations with the social sphere and the natural environment include caring, helping, loving, respecting, family responsibilities, advice, helping each other, establishing hospitality, and mother's love.

The purpose of this study is to describe the value of struggle figure main in the movie Battle of Surabaya directed by Aryanto Yuniawan. The problem explored in this research is the value of the struggle with the form of the value of the struggle which includes (1) the value of struggle willing sacrifice (2) value struggle unity (3) value struggle price-appreciate (4) value struggle abstinence give up (5) value struggle work same. This study used descriptive qualitative method. The subject of this research is an animated film entitled Battle of Surabaya directed by Aryanto Yuniawan. Data collection procedures in this study used non-participant observation techniques, documentation techniques, viewing techniques, and note-taking techniques. The results of this study indicate that the value of struggle figure main role in the film Battle of Surabaya directed by Aryanto Yuniawan with the form of values shows (a) the value of never giving up struggle in the film there are 5 forms of the value of never giving up struggle. (b) the value of struggle willing sacrifice in the film shows 3 forms of the value of struggle willing sacrifice. (c) the value of struggle Unity in the film shows 2 forms of the value of struggle union. (d) value of struggle price-appreciation in the film shows 3 forms of value struggle price-appreciate. (e) value struggle work same in the film shows 2 forms value struggle work same.

At the beginning of 2020 the world was shocked by a new virus thought to have originated from Wuhan, China. named 2019 Novel Corona virus. The World Health Organization (WHO) names the new virus as corona virus disease 2019 (Covid-19), that health workers, both doctors, nurses and hospital administration staff, need legal protection from the government. Health workers are willing to devote themselves to serving public health and even sacrifice their lives and those of their families to tackle the spread of Covid-19. The formulation of the problem in this study is How is legal protection for health workers and the Covid-19 acceleration task force? and How is the form of guidance and supervision of the implementation of Covid-19 prevention services, the method used is a normative juridical approach. The work safety of health workers due to the Covid-19 pandemic has not been carried out properly as mandated in laws and regulations, in the implementation of the rights of health workers During the Covid-19 pandemic, it is still neglected and has not been fulfilled. Therefore, the role and responsibility of the government is needed to fulfill the rights of health workers as the frontline.

   Health workers are noble jobs and professions that are at the forefront in dealing with health problems, especially in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic crisis. Health workers have to sacrifice their lives to protect the community from the spread of the covid-19 pandemic, health workers are also worried about the covid-19 pandemic, especially many health workers who are exposed to Covid-19 and the death of health workers, especially doctors and nurses. The implementation of safety and health for health workers aims to provide protection for health workers to be healthy, safe, productive, and avoid work accidents and occupational diseases. This research is focused on positive legal policies in Indonesia that regulate legal protection for the right to work safety for health workers who deal with the COVID-19 outbreak. The legal research used is normative legal research, the results of the study show that legal protection and fulfillment of the right to work safety for health workers who deal with the covid-19 pandemic outbreak are regulated in Indonesian laws.  

Friendships with people from different ethnicities and cultures sometimes lead to invisible conflicts. Problems arise when students from across the region gather and speak their local language even though there are other students who do not understand their language. Ideally when together with people from other regions it would be very good to use Indonesian as a unifying language. In developing national insight, there are three important values ​​that must be implemented, namely sacrifice, equality and kinship. A person's national insight becomes important as a person's perspective on himself as a nation that reflects a sense and spirit of nationalism and is able to maintain his identity as a nation with character. The aims of this study: 1) to describe family values ​​in the campus environment, 2) to describe the values ​​of sacrifice in the campus environment, 3) to describe the values ​​of equality in the campus environment; 4) describe the implementation of national insights for STPKat students. The study used descriptive qualitative methods, data collection techniques, namely data triangulation with interviews and questionnaires, documentation, and observation. The research respondents were students of St. Francis of Assisi College of Pastoral Catechetics (STPKat) Semarang. The results of the study show that: 1) The family values ​​of STPKat students can be applied by implementing an attitude of mutual respect for differences in ethnicity, race, culture and language in friendship relations, 2) the values ​​of sacrifice are carried out by adjusting ethnicity, race, culture and language with friends from other regions and, 3) the value of equality is carried out by recognizing that diversity in STPKat has the same or equal position.

Humans are basically spiritual beings. Because, a person can mentally react to something. Humans have always tried to relate to the divine. So the relationship with the god is in the form of worship. The concept of worship in both the Old and New Testaments is the same concept. The Hebrew word for century and the Greek for the beginning of latreia denote the occupation of slaves. And to perform "worship". Before Allah, then His servants must bow down in fear of adoration full of awe, awe and respect. This is the concept behind one's operation in every sacrificial activity in every ministry. Likewise with the implementation of public worship believing in the Lord Jesus. Human sacrifices given as thanksgiving offerings to God are part of worship. No after service offers. This is because the offer is not simply a symbol of giving with what one has, whether in money, or in kind, or in some other way. But the best thing about an offer is that to whom the offer is made the Lord Jesus must be based on faith or the right foundation of a gift from someone else or for some other purpose. Almost all forms of worship are carried out by Sunday schools for children, youth, youth, mothers, fathers, parents, Sunday services and other services bringing offerings of thanks for being part of the service. But the gift must be well understood and taken seriously.

Leadership is the ability and readiness of a person to be able to influence, encourage, invite, demand, move and direct people or groups to receive this influence to achieve a goal. The purpose of this study is to describe servant leaders according to Mark 10:42-45 besides that, this research also provides good basic knowledge about leadership and the relevance of servant leaders for today's Christian leaders. The research method used by the author in writing this scientific work uses a qualitative research method, namely by means of literature study techniques, and case studies, namely digging up information from the Bible, books and journals regarding servant leaders according to Mark 10:42-45 and their relevance to today's Christian leadership , then confronted with the current form of application of Christian leadership as a leader who wants to serve. Namely a leader who serves, not a leader who rules with an iron fist or violence and rules with power, but a leader as a servant who has sincere feelings, is humble, has a heart as a servant, is willing to sacrifice both in time and energy. Servant leaders are leaders who give, affirm, strengthen, encourage, and sustain.

Sacrificial offerings are something that cannot be separated from the beliefs of every believer. Christ willingly died on the cross to redeem His people. Therefore, how important the sacrifice of Jesus Christ is for humanity. For that, it is very important to understand the meaning of the sacrifice of penance. The meaning of the sin offering is an admission of guilt before God. the meaning of the sin offering must be known from the old and new testaments, namely the sin offering. The sin offering in the Old Testament was the sacrifice of a lamb to take away the sins of God's people. In the new covenant, the sin offering is Jesus Christ, who died on the cross as a sin offering in Ephesians 2:5-9. Therefore, it is very important for believers today to know and understand the true sacrifice and sin offering.

This research aims to: (1) Describe the value of the character's self-sacrificing struggle in the novel Step by J.S. Khairen. (2) Describe the value of the struggle for unity of the characters in the novel Step  by J.S. Khairen. (3) Describe the value of the struggle for respect for the characters in the novel Step by J.S. Khairen. (4) Describe the value of the character's patient struggle in the novel Step by J.S. Khairen. (5) Describe the value of never giving up struggle of the characters in the novel Step  by J.S. Khairen. (6) Describe the value of the character's cooperative struggle in the novel Step by J.S. Khairen. (7) Describe the implications regarding the value of the character's struggle in the novel Step by J.S. Khairen on literature learning in high school. This research is descriptive research with a qualitative research approach. The data collection techniques used are library techniques, listening techniques and further note-taking techniques. The data analysis technique uses text analysis techniques.The results of this research show that there are values of the characters' struggle in the novel Step by J.S. Khairen which is in accordance with Joyomartono's theory. The author found 25 data which were divided into six, namely 9 data on the value of being willing to sacrifice, 5 data on the value of unity, 2 data on the value of respect, 2 data on the value of patience, 4 data on the value of never giving up, 3 data on the value of cooperation. Apart from that, these values can be implied by studying literature in high school. Based on the 2013 curriculum in KD 3.8 interpret the author’s view of life in the novel read. and KD 4.8 Present the results of the interprestation of the author’s views both orally and in writting. The results of this study can be used as teaching material in studying literature in high school. Teaching materials can be used as a complement to the main textbook source.

This research is descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The data in this research is in the form of the value of love in the novel Moments Deep by Lia Seplia which is arranged in the form of phrases found in the novel. The data collection technique used in this research is literature study. Based on research results, love between men and women is love that is given to each other, the feelings that arise within both of them form a unified whole by, giving sacrifices to the partner by thinking about the interests of the partner, mutual trust between the partners even when they are far apart, and mutual honesty to express feelings. Love for the family occurs between parents and children, children and parents, younger siblings and older siblings and vice versa, or between siblings who have blood ties which includes an attitude of affection, giving attention and care to elderly parents by caring for and loving them, being willing to make sacrifices from parents are to educate and care for a child sincerely until the child grows and develops until now, responsibility in the form of parents can be given in the form of meeting the needs of their children, and others. Love between fellow humans is an effort made by humans by providing assistance or in the form of assistance as social creatures who should work together and lend a hand. Love between humans and God means the form of human faith in God by carrying out His commands and avoiding His prohibitions and surrendering with all sincerity, performing worship, praying for help and convenience for what is done, always being grateful for everything that has been given. His. There are implications for the value of love in the novel Saat- saatjauh by Lia Seplia in learning high school novel texts in the 2013 curriculum.

This article discusses the poem "Democracy" by Agam Wispi through a semiotic approach. According to Tinarbuko (2008), semiotics is the study of signs in order to find out how these signs function and produce a meaning. Meanwhile, according to Christomy and Yuwono (2004), argue that semiotics is the study of signs (signs), sign functions, and sign production. In semiotics there is a signifier (signifier) ​​which is a sign that can be seen by the eye, visible form / physical form while the signified (signified) is the meaning contained in the message that has the concept, function, and value contained in the sign. So the purpose of this study is to find out the signs of meaning in the poem "Democracy" through the method. In this study using semiotic analysis. Semiotic analysis is a qualitative data analysis technique that aims to find or analyze symbols or signs in a text systematically. And the conclusion in this study is that based on the analysis above, it can be concluded that the poem "Democracy" by Agam Wispi strongly ties its meaning to Indonesian political life. In discussing the poem, it tells about the people's struggle to burn and replace the rights they should have received for the hard work and sacrifices that have been made.

Summary Worship in the Christian sense is God's commandment, which must be fulfilled by everyone who is redeemed and saved through the Lord Jesus Christ. The purpose of the study is to answer: What is meant by the worship of a believer? According to the Bible, what are the components of worship? How do you live worship in the church life? This study used a qualitative method with a library research approach. The results of this study are: (1) True worship is serving God by offering various acts and attitudes of respect and adoration, submission and obedience with gratitude to the whole body, soul and spirit. (2) The elements of worship are an expression of the human mind which acknowledges that God is sovereign, full of power, and full of goodness. With a series of personal and human sacrifices approaching the altar of God with sacrifices. (3) Worship is lived in the life of the church with Jesus as the object of worship through hymns of praise, prayer, confession of sins, forgiveness, thanksgiving. The church life consists in offering the best sacrifices to God, that is body, soul.

Love can be used as an answer to the question of human existence. So many philosophers from the west and east offer concepts about love, Erich Fromm is one of them who considers that love is an art. The purpose of this study is to classify five objects of love from Erich Fromm's thoughts in poems by W.S Rendra. Poetry was chosen as the object of research because poetry can be used as a means for someone to express love. This research method is a literature study as well as a literature review. The results of this study are five titles of poems that represent the five objects of love. First, object of brotherly love entitled "Aku Mendengar Suara" because this poem contains Rendra who loves his oppressed brothers. The object of maternal love titled "Ibunda" contains a mother's love that is like the earth that provides its fertility for her children to grow and sacrifices everything a mother has for her children, truly loving even though she does not get anything from the child. The object of erotic love with the title "Barangkali Karena Bulan" is about exclusive love to one person, namely the poet's love for a woman. Self-love with the poem titled "Orang Biasa" contains Rendra's love for himself. Last, the object of God's love titled "Tuhan, Aku Cinta Padamu" is about Rendra's desire to return to Him and achieve unification between the servant and his God.

Efforts to increase, a sense of nationalism, a psyche where loyalty. someone who is totally devoted directly to the nation state on behalf of the entire nation. From Nationalism will flow a sense of social solidarity, a spirit of self-sacrifice and can foster a spirit of patriotism. The Quiz Competition is a learning technique through competitions, to be able to increase potential, talents, abilities, in thinking about general knowledge, as well as train thinking sharpness and dexterity in answering questions quickly and accurately. With this technique, students can measure their abilities by answering questions correctly and quickly. Generating students' interest in learning through a game approach is more effective in fostering curiosity and experience in playing smartly in an effective and motivating learning environment than not in the form of games. Nationalism is a deep understanding, loving the Nation and the state with a conscious sense of its citizens who jointly achieve to maintain, and devote the identity, integrity, prosperity, and strength of the Nation.