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Fitness center is a business or service center that provides sports services and sports facilities for its customers. The level of member satisfaction can be seen from the quality of service provided. With the professionalism provided by personal trainers, members will have their own interest in the services and ethics that personal trainers do. This study aims to determine the level of member satisfaction with the professionalism provided by personal trainers at ATLAS CLUB SPORT Surabaya. This type of research is presented using a descriptive quantitative research method with a survey approach, where the questionnaire instrument is used as support for data collection. This study uses the Servqual method to measure the level of professionalism provided by personal trainers to members. This method includes several aspects, namely tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy which are used to measure the professionalism of personal trainers. The study population was members who used personal trainer services totaling 100 people, and a sample of 25 people taken using the purposive sampling method. The results of this study indicate that the tangible aspect and the responsiveness aspect received the highest scores, namely 88% and 87%. Meanwhile, the aspects of reliability, assurance, and empathy each received a score of 86%. With the results obtained, it shows that the personal trainer of ATLAS SPORT CLUB Surabaya has provided professional quality, very satisfying service and also understands what members need.

Efficient and integrated public transportation services are a strategic need in sustainable urban development. The Surabaya City Government through the Transportation Department initiated the Wira-Wiri Feeder service on the Bratang-Pasar Turi route (FD07) as a feeder mode that connects densely active areas in the east and west of the city. This study aims to evaluate the implementation and performance of FD07 services using the public policy evaluation framework of William N. Dunn (2003) which includes the dimensions of effectiveness, efficiency, adequacy, justice, responsiveness, and policy accuracy. The research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques through field observations, in-depth interviews, and documentation studies. The results of the study show that the implementation of FD07 services has been running according to operational procedures with an average of 651 passengers per day, supported by field supervision and the Surabaya Integrated Urban Transport System (SIUTS) digital system. However, there are still obstacles in the form of limited fleet numbers, non-professional drivers, limitations of senior mechanics, and inadequate system development budgets. Dunn's six-dimensional evaluation shows that the effectiveness and efficiency of the service are in the medium category, with the main challenges being the accuracy of schedules and the accessibility of bus stop facilities for people with disabilities. This study concludes that improving the quality of human resources, adding fleets, strengthening digital systems, and massive public socialization are strategic steps to realize effective, inclusive, and sustainable feeder services in the city of Surabaya.

This study aims to analyze the quality of notarial services in the drafting of sale and purchase deeds at the Office of Notary–PPAT Pramudita Kartikasari, S.H., M.Kn., with a focus on factors influencing client satisfaction. The research background is grounded in the essential role of notaries in ensuring legal certainty in land transactions, which requires services that are prompt, transparent, and professional. The research employed a descriptive qualitative approach through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation, analyzed using Miles and Huberman’s interactive model. The findings indicate that service quality can be explained through the five SERVQUAL dimensions. In terms of tangibles, physical facilities were considered adequate, although the waiting area and technological equipment remained limited. The reliability dimension showed that deeds produced were legally valid and accurate, yet completion time was not always consistent. Responsiveness was generally satisfactory, though online responses were less prompt. Assurance emerged as the main strength, as the notary was able to provide legal certainty, clear explanations, and professional conduct, while empathy was reflected through attentiveness, flexibility, and personalized care for clients. Assurance and empathy were found to be dominant in enhancing satisfaction, whereas tangibles, reliability, and responsiveness require improvement. The study implies the need for facility improvements, better time management, and standardized communication, while maintaining legal certainty and empathy as the core values of notarial service.

This study aims to conduct an in-depth analysis comparing the legal mechanisms of constitutional amendment in Indonesia and South Africa. The research employs a normative juridical method with a comparative law approach. Primary data is sourced from the authoritative texts of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia (UUD 1945) and the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996. Data analysis is conducted qualitatively using content analysis techniques on provisions related to constitutional amendments in both supreme legal documents. The research findings reveal fundamental differences in the constitutional amendment paradigms of both countries. First, Indonesia adopts a rigid amendment system implemented by the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR) with very strict quorum and approval requirements. Second, South Africa adopts a more flexible and differentiated system, where Parliament acts as the constituent authority, with varying approval levels depending on the substance of the amended provisions ranging from simple majority to two-thirds, and even involving the Provincial Council for certain matters. Third, despite different approaches, both countries affirm the principle of constitutional supremacy. These mechanistic differences reflect Indonesia's strategic choice to prioritize consensus and constitutional stability, while South Africa emphasizes constitutional adaptability and responsiveness to socio-political developments.

This study examines the urgency of institutional transparency in the Secretariat of the Bogor Regency Regional People's Representative Council  (DPRD) amid demands for good governance. The objective is to analyze the strategic role of the Public Relations, Protocol, and Publication Team of the Bogor Regency DPRD Secretariat in disseminating public information, with a focus on the use of the @setwankabbogor Instagram account as an instrument of transparency. Using a qualitative approach with a case study design, this research applies qualitative content analysis and observation of Instagram accounts, supported by organizational documentation related to the main tasks of Public Relations. The communication practices found were analyzed based on the theoretical benchmarks of the Two-Way Symmetrical Model and Organizational-Public Dialogic Communication (OPDC). Preliminary research results show that although Public Relations has been effective in documenting protocol and routine administrative activities, content related to core legislative functions such as the budget (KUA/PPAS) and oversight tends to be less dominant than ceremonial posts. The communication model applied still leans toward the Public Information Model, rather than the optimal Two-Way Symmetrical Model. Analysis shows a deficit in dialogic elements, particularly in genuine responsiveness (mutuality) and proactivity in discussing complex public issues, which has the potential to hinder the development of public trust. Optimization requires a shift in strategy towards evidence-based content planning and a focus on proactive dialogue and responsiveness, supported by institutional commitment and increased human resource capacity.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the strategic role of air transportation management in Military Operations Other Than War (MOOTW), particularly in archipelagic contexts such as Indonesia, where rapid humanitarian response, territorial surveillance, and civil–military cooperation are essential for resilience. By applying a Systematic Literature Review (SLR), this article synthesizes findings on humanitarian logistics, technological transformation, and policy frameworks for strengthening national defense readiness. Design/methodology/approach – This study employs a qualitative Systematic Literature Review (SLR) methodology guided by PRISMA principles, analyzing 30 scholarly contributions from 2009–2025, including international peer-reviewed journals, Routledge and Springer volumes, arXiv preprints, and Indonesian academic publications.Results highlight that strategic air  transportation is indispensable for disaster relief, medical evacuation, and supply delivery in archipelagic nations. The adoption of AI, machine learning, UAVs, and reinforcement learning has enhanced responsiveness and equity in humanitarian supply chains. However, persistent challenges include aging fleets, interoperability constraints, and fragmented civil–military coordination. The study underscores the need for modernization of air assets, institutionalized civil–military collaboration, and integration of AI-based routing and command systems. Strengthening these aspects can enhance Indonesia’s resilience and preparedness in MOOTW scenarios. This article uniquely bridges global research on data-driven air power with Indonesian defense perspectives, proposing a scalable strategic framework for air transportation management that advances archipelagic resilience.

Customer Loyalty is critically influenced by several factors, including Service Quality, Customer Trust, and Price.1 This study aims to analyze the partial and simultaneous influence of Service Quality (X_1), Customer Trust (X_2), and Price (X_3) on Customer Loyalty (Y) toward Maxim online transportation services in Semarang City.1 Utilizing a quantitative associative method, data were collected from a sample of 100 Maxim users (N=100) via incidental sampling and analyzed using multiple linear regression (SPSS).1 The analysis confirmed that all three independent variables positively and significantly influence Customer Loyalty (all t_{hitung} > 1.98498).1 Service Quality (X_1) was determined to be the most dominant factor (\beta = 0.400, t=4.500), highlighting that driver performance, service assurance, and responsiveness are the primary drivers of long-term loyalty., 10 The overall regression model demonstrated a strong explanatory power, with an estimated Adjusted R^2 of 0.650, indicating that 65.0\% of the variation in Customer Loyalty is explained by these three factors. Managerial implications suggest focusing resources on continuous service improvement and maintaining high integrity (Trust) to convert consumer satisfaction into sustainable loyalty.

The global economy is increasingly marked by volatility, uncertainty, and disruption, compelling organizations to adopt business agility as a means of survival and competitiveness. Conventional agility emphasizes speed, responsiveness, and innovation, yet often lacks the ethical foundation required for long-term sustainability. In contrast, Islamic economic thought, guided by Maqasid al-Shariah—the preservation of religion, life, intellect, lineage, and wealth—prioritizes justice, fairness, and social responsibility in economic activities. This study analyzes how the principles of Maqasid can be aligned with business agility to form an ethically grounded and adaptive business model. Employing a qualitative research design with a library research approach, the study synthesizes insights from existing literature on agility, Islamic economics, and Maqasid through thematic content analysis. The findings indicate that while agility strengthens resilience and competitiveness, it requires Maqasid as a moral compass to ensure value-driven adaptability. The integration of agility and Maqasid creates a synergy that enables Islamic enterprises not only to withstand global turbulence but also to differentiate themselves as ethical, sustainable, and competitive actors in the global market. This research therefore proposes a Shariah-compliant agility model that balances responsiveness with ethical accountability, offering theoretical contributions to academic discourse and practical implications for Islamic financial institutions, halal industries, and Shariah-based SMEs. The study also highlights the role of policymakers in developing supportive frameworks that foster innovation while safeguarding Shariah compliance. Overall, the study underscores that agility guided by Maqasid is not merely a survival strategy but a pathway to global leadership in ethical and sustainable business practices.

This study aims to analyze the quality of waste transportation services provided by the Waste Management UPT in Bogor Regency, with a case study in Harapan Jaya Village. The research employed a descriptive quantitative approach using questionnaires distributed to 100 community respondents. The variables examined refer to the five service quality dimensions, namely tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. The findings indicate that community perceptions of waste transportation services fall into the “fairly good” category, with an overall average score of 3.39. Specifically, the tangibles dimension scored 3.46 (fairly good), reliability 3.47 (fairly good), responsiveness 3.16 (fairly good but lowest), assurance 3.21 (fairly good), and empathy 3.63 (good, highest). These results suggest that waste transportation services have been running fairly well, though improvements are needed, particularly in responsiveness. The study’s findings are expected to provide input for the Bogor Regency Environmental Agency to enhance the effectiveness and quality of waste management services, as well as encourage greater community participation in maintaining environmental cleanliness.

Digital transformation has fundamentally reshaped the landscape of public service delivery worldwide, with e-government emerging as a critical mechanism for enhancing government efficiency, transparency, and citizen engagement. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of e-government implementation in Indonesia, examining the trajectory of digital transformation in public services, the institutional frameworks supporting this transition, and the multifaceted impacts on service quality and governance outcomes. Through systematic literature review and critical policy analysis, this research explores the evolution of Indonesia's e-government initiatives from early adoption to current comprehensive digital service platforms, investigating both successes and persistent challenges. The findings reveal that Indonesia has made substantial progress in developing e-government infrastructure and applications across national and local government levels, with notable achievements including integrated digital identity systems, online business licensing platforms, and citizen complaint management systems. These initiatives have demonstrably improved service accessibility, reduced processing times, minimized corruption opportunities, and enhanced government responsiveness. However, implementation remains uneven across regions and government institutions, constrained by factors including digital infrastructure disparities, limited digital literacy among citizens and officials, organizational resistance to change, inadequate interoperability between systems, and cybersecurity vulnerabilities. The research identifies critical success factors for effective e-government implementation including strong leadership commitment, adequate resource allocation, comprehensive capacity building programs, citizen-centric design principles, robust legal frameworks, and collaborative partnerships between government, private sector, and civil society.

The State Civil Apparatus Information System (SIASN) is a digital platform developed by the State Civil Service Agency (BKD) to manage ASN personnel data and information in Indonesia. This study aims to evaluate the SIASN-based promotion service policy at the Sidoarjo Regency Regional Civil Service Agency based on State Civil Service Agency Regulation Number 7 of 2023. The research method used is qualitative research with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and documentation studies. Data analysis uses the Miles and Huberman interactive model, while the evaluation framework uses William Dunn's evaluation criteria which include effectiveness, efficiency, adequacy, responsiveness, and accuracy. The evaluation results show that the SIASN-based promotion service policy at the Sidoarjo Regency BKD has been quite effective in achieving the goal of improving service quality and has a good level of efficiency in reducing bureaucratic flows. However, in terms of adequacy, there are still gaps related to human resources and system integration. The policy's responsiveness to ASN needs is quite good although there is still room for improvement in aspects of communication and data updating. The main obstacles identified include weak validity of personnel data, the absence of a bridging system between SIPEKAT and SIASN, limited human resources, and minimal awareness of ASN in updating independent data.

The Child Friendly School policy is an important instrument in protecting children's rights and preventing violence in educational environments. This research aims to evaluate the implementation of the Child Friendly School policy at SD Negeri Kandangan, Krembung District, Sidoarjo Regency using William Dunn's policy evaluation approach. This research uses qualitative methods with a descriptive approach. Data collection techniques were carried out through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and documentation studies. Research informants were selected using purposive sampling techniques consisting of school principals, teachers, school committees, and students. Data analysis techniques use the Miles and Huberman model which includes data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The research results show that the evaluation of policy effectiveness achieves a fairly good level of success in creating a safe and comfortable learning environment, although there are still some teachers who use conventional disciplinary methods. The efficiency evaluation shows that schools optimize limited resources through community participation and village government support. The adequacy evaluation identifies the need for improved facilities such as prayer rooms and special rooms for students with special needs. The equity evaluation shows the school's commitment to providing inclusive educational services without discrimination. The responsiveness evaluation shows high stakeholder satisfaction with child-friendly school programs. The accuracy evaluation confirms that this policy is appropriate for inclusive schools that have students with special needs. This research contributes to the development of educational policy evaluation with a focus on child protection in inclusive schools.  

Agricultural extension workers play a strategic role in supporting agricultural development by enhancing farmers’ capacity as the main actors in the agricultural sector. The success of this process is strongly influenced by the performance of extension workers in delivering extension services that are responsive, accountable, and oriented toward service quality. This study aims to analyze the performance of agricultural extension workers in improving farmers’ capacity in Bone Regency, Barebbo District, Corawalie Village. The research employed a descriptive design using a qualitative approach supported by simple quantitative analysis. Data were collected through observation, interviews, documentation, and questionnaires involving 45 farmer respondents, and were analyzed using thematic analysis and a Likert scale percentage index. The results indicate that the overall performance of agricultural extension workers is categorized as high, with an average score of 80.76%. Service quality achieved the highest score, followed by responsiveness and responsibility. These findings demonstrate that extension workers have effectively provided services, assistance, and problem-solving support, which contribute to improving farmers’ capacity in managing their farming activities. The study implies that strengthening the performance of agricultural extension workers is essential to enhance farmers’ independence and professionalism in achieving sustainable agricultural development.

The advancement of digital technology has driven many service companies to transform toward faster, more efficient, and accurate systems. Himeji Express Banjarmasin, a company engaged in the field of goods delivery services, still faces challenges in data management and service processes that are mostly carried out manually. This condition leads to delays in shipment tracking, data entry errors, and limitations in report generation. To address these issues, a digital application was designed to optimize the delivery service processes at Himeji Express Banjarmasin. The application was developed using the Unified Modeling Language (UML) approach to model system requirements through use case, activity, sequence, and class diagrams. The implementation process utilized Sublime Text and XAMPP software, supported by an integrated database. The results show that the developed digital application can improve the effectiveness of managing customer, employee, pricing, cargo, and transaction data while generating automatic and real-time reports. This application enhances operational efficiency, transparency, and responsiveness to customer needs at Himeji Express.

The study explores the communication strategy of the Public Relations Division of the Ministry of Home Affairs (Kemendagri) in responding to the wave of student and community demonstrations in early September 2025. This research aims to identify the strategic approach and challenges faced by the division in managing public communication during a national socio-political crisis. Using a qualitative descriptive method through observation, participation, and in-depth interviews with two informants from the division, the study reveals that Kemendagri’s communication strategy emphasized transparency, cross-institutional coordination, and the empowerment of local governments to maintain stability. The division also adopted multi-channel communication, including social media, press releases, and press conferences, ensuring message consistency and public reassurance. However, several challenges were identified, such as the sensitivity of political issues, the spread of misinformation and hoaxes, limited human resources, and the suboptimal implementation of two-way communication. The findings indicate that public communication during a crisis requires accuracy, empathy, and collaboration across institutions. This study implies that strengthening transparency, enhancing crisis communication skills, and improving digital responsiveness are essential for the Ministry’s public relations performance in future crises.

The synchronization of mutex and semaphore mechanisms is an important technique in operating systems for managing concurrent resource access in multi-threaded environments. In the Android operating system, which relies on thread-based programming to maintain performance and responsiveness, these two mechanisms play a vital role in preventing race conditions and ensuring data integrity. A mutex is a locking object that ensures that only one thread can access a specific resource at a time, while a semaphore controls access to a limited number of resources by counting the number of threads that can access them simultaneously. In Android, these mechanisms are implemented using the Lock class for mutexes and the Semaphore class for semaphores, both of which can be used to control synchronization between threads in Android applications. This paper will discuss the application of these two mechanisms in the context of shared resource management, as well as a comparison of their performance and advantages in dealing with complex multi-threading scenarios on Android. Emphasis will also be placed on the challenges faced in using these two mechanisms in Android applications, as well as how proper programming can avoid deadlocks and improve application efficiency.

This research presents the design, development, and implementation of a mini smart car prototype that operates using Internet of Things (IoT) technology. The system is built around the ESP8266 microcontroller (Amica version), which functions as the core processing unit responsible for handling Wi-Fi communication and data processing. The motion of the car is controlled by an L298 motor driver module that regulates the operation of DC motors. The entire system is powered by a 3.7-volt rechargeable battery, ensuring portability and energy efficiency. The study discusses in detail the hardware configuration, software programming, and integration of IoT-based control through a web or mobile interface. Functional testing of the prototype, named MINIOT, focuses on evaluating the responsiveness, stability, and reliability of remote control operations. The results are expected to show that the system can effectively receive and execute user commands while transmitting real-time telemetry data, such as motor status and connection indicators. This project demonstrates the feasibility of low-cost IoT-based automation for small-scale robotic applications.

Patient satisfaction is a feeling that arises from the performance of health services that have been obtained after the patient compares it with what was expected. Rather than the reality that occurs there are still complaints about outpatient registration services based on electronic medical records, Frequent obstacles are if the network is disrupted, then access to the EMR can be hampered or cannot be accessed at all and the limited capacity of the waiting room is also an obstacle, especially with the large number of patients during peak hours so that many patients wait outside the waiting room. This study aims to determine the level of patient satisfaction in outpatient registration based on EMR. This study uses a quantitative method with a population of 13,750 and a sample of 99 outpatients. Based on the results of the study in 2025, it can be concluded that patient satisfaction with RME-based outpatient registration in the aspect of tangibles can be categorized as "Less Satisfied" especially regarding facilities such as AC/Television, from the aspect of reliability it can be categorized as "Satisfied" even though there are a few respondents who answered "Less Satisfied", from the aspect of responsiveness it can be categorized as "Satisfied" even though there are some patients who feel "Less Satisfied", from the aspect of assurance in RME-based outpatient registration it can be categorized as "Satisfied" but there are a small number of patients who answered "Less Satisfied" and from the aspect of empathy it can be categorized as "Satisfied" even though there are some patients who answered "Less Satisfied". So the researcher's suggestion is that the Hospital improves the quality of the waiting room, especially AC, television, increases the number of chairs and provides adequate seating for all patients, so that patients are more comfortable and avoid overcrowding

Digital transformation has fundamentally reshaped the landscape of public service delivery worldwide, with e-government emerging as a critical mechanism for enhancing government efficiency, transparency, and citizen engagement. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of e-government implementation in Indonesia, examining the trajectory of digital transformation in public services, the institutional frameworks supporting this transition, and the multifaceted impacts on service quality and governance outcomes. Through systematic literature review and critical policy analysis, this research explores the evolution of Indonesia's e-government initiatives from early adoption to current comprehensive digital service platforms, investigating both successes and persistent challenges. The findings reveal that Indonesia has made substantial progress in developing e-government infrastructure and applications across national and local government levels, with notable achievements including integrated digital identity systems, online business licensing platforms, and citizen complaint management systems. These initiatives have demonstrably improved service accessibility, reduced processing times, minimized corruption opportunities, and enhanced government responsiveness. However, implementation remains uneven across regions and government institutions, constrained by factors including digital infrastructure disparities, limited digital literacy among citizens and officials, organizational resistance to change, inadequate interoperability between systems, and cybersecurity vulnerabilities. The research identifies critical success factors for effective e-government implementation including strong leadership commitment, adequate resource allocation, comprehensive capacity building programs, citizen-centric design principles, robust legal frameworks, and collaborative partnerships between government, private sector, and civil society.

This study examines the role of the Constitutional Court of Indonesia (Mahkamah Konstitusi/MK) as a positive legislator through the lens of the living constitution approach, which conceptualizes the constitution as a dynamic and evolving document responding to social and political change. The main problem addressed is the extent to which the MK’s judicial activism in interpreting and even creating new legal norms aligns with constitutional principles, democratic legitimacy, and the balance of powers between the judiciary and the legislature. The objective of the research is to analyze how the MK’s progressive interpretations have transformed it from a negative legislator—which merely annuls unconstitutional laws—into a positive legislator that effectively fills legal gaps and constructs new constitutional meanings. Using a normative juridical method combined with case study analysis, this research explores key constitutional decisions, focusing on cases where the MK extended its interpretive authority beyond mere judicial review. The findings reveal that the MK, through the living constitution approach, justifies its role as a positive legislator by invoking principles of constitutional morality, justice, and responsiveness to societal evolution. However, this judicial creativity also generates tension with legislative supremacy and may risk overstepping the boundaries of judicial function. The synthesis of findings suggests that the MK’s transformation embodies the dynamic interplay between constitutional text and social context, reinforcing the adaptability of Indonesian constitutionalism. The study concludes that while the MK’s position as a positive legislator under the living constitution paradigm strengthens constitutional justice and protects citizens’ rights, it must remain anchored in checks and balances to prevent judicial overreach and preserve democratic legitimacy.