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This research aims to find out how the Dayak Ngaju Catholic community views the Sangiang ritual, how the Ngaju Dayak Catholic community appreciates the sacrament of anointing the sick and the implementation of the sacrament of anointing. ? in Ngaju Dayak culture. So. The method used in this research is a qualitative research method. Data was collected through interviews, observations and notes. The data obtained was analyzed following the steps of Miles and Huberman, namely reducing data, presenting data, and drawing conclusions. The results of the research show that the Ngaju Dayak people recognize the sangiang ritual as a healing ritual in their culture. And people know that the sacrament of Anointing of the Sick in the Catholic Church is one of the sacraments that prays for sick people to be given strength so they can overcome all illnesses with God's help. This conclusion shows that the sangiang ritual has a socially oriented dimension and makes people aware that living together requires a sense of mutual care. The values contained in the Sangiang ritual are the values of community and brotherhood. The presence of the Church in this culture is the starting point for proclaiming the Kingdom of God, especially by ensuring that the catechism is linked to the sacrament of the Anointing of the Sick, because it is God who acts for healing, especially during the sangang ceremony.

This study aims to find out the view of Dayak Ngaju Catholics about Sangiang Rituals, their appreciation about the sacrament of anointing the sick, and the implementation comparison about the sacrament of anointing of the Sick and rituals of Sangiang in Ngaju Dayak culture. The method used in this study is qualitative research methods. Data is obtained by interview, observation and documentation. The data obtained were analyzed using Miles and Huberman steps used through data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The results of the study show that Dayak Ngaju people know about the Sangiang ritual as a healing ritual in Dayak Ngaju’s culture. The people know about the sacrament of the anointing of the sick in the Catholic Church as one of the sacraments asking that the sick person is strengthened in order to be able to pass through all his illnesses because of God's help.This conclusion is that the sangiang ritual has a social dimension that directs, and brings people to realize that to live together requires a sense of caring between one another. The values contained in the sangiang ritual are values of togetherness and brotherhood. The presence of the Church in the culture is the entrance to proclaiming the kingdom of God, especially giving catechesis related to the sacrament of anointing the sick because God himself works to heal especially in the sangiang ritual.

Local culture, including the practice of weaving Buna motifs, is a cultural heritage that needs to be preserved in the era of globalization which, if not maintained, could hinder the development of traditional practices. This research aims to determine the importance of combining management principles and Christian values ​​in maintaining the practice of weaving Buna motifs. This research used a qualitative approach involving the principal, teachers and students of Nunkolo State High School as participants. Data collection was carried out through unstructured interviews, observation and analysis of related documents. The research discussion was analyzed descriptively which showed the results that the school principal plays a very important role in the world of education with his leadership in developing educational programs that support the preservation of local culture, as well as exploring how the Christian values ​​adhered to by the school can provide a moral and ethical foundation in preserving cultural heritage. The school principal's management seeks to strengthen Christian values ​​through the practical activity of weaving Buna motifs as a means of forming cooperation between students and craftsmen which has an impact on student behavior which increasingly respects traditions that have been maintained for a long time.

This research aims to determine the effect of marketing strategy and price on sales volume at PT. Pandum Parahita Lestantum both partially and simultaneously. The method used in this research is a quantitative approach. The research sample consisted of 100 people taken using saturated sampling. With data collection techniques using a questionnaire in the form of a Likert scale. Data analysis was carried out using data quality analysis techniques, classical assumptions, hypotheses, which were processed using SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) software version 25. The research results showed that from the results of research hypothesis testing there was an unsupported and partially significant influence between the strategies. marketing to sales volume.

Water is a very important need for living creatures on earth. Humans, animals, plants and other living creatures need water, clean water is very much needed and is a source of life for living creatures. However, bacteria or germs that cannot be seen by the eye are still detected in the water. The bacteria that are mostly detected in water are; Escherichia coli bacteria. Escherichia coli forms colonies that are convex, smooth with distinct edges, and round. Method used The qualitative literature review research method is an approach used to collect, evaluate, and synthesize studies in the scientific literature that are relevant to a particular topic. Based on research results, Escherichia coli bacteria are found in various types of water such as refillable drinking water, well water and river water as well as swimming pool water

How Christian teachings teach human responsibility to protect and care for the environment, by citing biblical teachings that support sustainable social justice. This can also include efforts by churches and Christian communities to promote ecological practices and promote some of their missions. In the context of Christian teachings, it is important to explain that the concept of environmental responsibility comes from the belief that God created the universe and empowered humans to protect it (Genesis 2:15). This encourages Christians to take responsibility for their actions towards nature and living creatures. Many Christian denominations emphasize the importance of preserving the environment as part of their moral and ethical obligations. They view environmental destruction as a violation of God's obligation to protect the earth. Awareness of the importance of the environment is a process that must be initiated for the survival of future generations, so that it is not affected by irresponsible human behavior today. The aim of environmental education is to introduce different values and clarify concepts in order to develop the attitudes and skills needed to understand and appreciate the interrelationships of humans, culture and the biophysical environment. The aim of this research is to dig deeper into the development of environmental awareness in Christian education.

This article deals with our plural and global society of today which impede the validity of ethical values. In this sense, the values of Christian ethics are needed to approach contemporary social issue. We must respond to the current situation of humanity by using library resources and observations of ethical issue in our society and how they can develop their normative effects under the conditions of freedom, plurality, demographic and digital change, as well as the complex economic and financial systems and, last but not least, under the fragile approval of the institutions of international politics. The argument then moves to the meta-theory of Christian ethics, namely the revelation of God as it is expressed in the ‘book of nature’, the written word, and the incarnate Word, Jesus Christ. The article concludes that as long as the values of Christian ethics remains faithful to this meta-theory, understands the modern macro-ethical questions and maintains a deep social focus, it will remain relevant in a plural and global society.

This study aims to analyse the effectiveness of the implementation of the Government Internal Control System (SPIP) at the Tanjung Mulia Hilir Village Office. The method used is descriptive qualitative with the COSO (Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission) approach. Data was collected through interviews with the village secretary. The results showed that the Tanjung Mulia Hilir Urban Village Office has tried to implement ethical values and integrity, improve discipline through electronic attendance, and carry out main tasks and functions according to regulations. External supervision is carried out by the sub-district and neighbourhood security efforts through routine patrols. Internal communication makes use of instant messaging applications, while the community can submit complaints through the Head of Neighbourhood or the link provided. Community development and empowerment programmes are conducted through Musrenbangkel and the IPKK programme. Monitoring and evaluation is conducted through neighbourhood walkabouts. However, there is still a need to strengthen internal controls, optimise information technology, synergise empowerment programmes, and conduct more systematic monitoring and evaluation. With commitment and continuous improvement, it is expected that SPIP in Tanjung Mulia Hilir Village Office can realise effective, responsive, and public service-oriented governance.    

A deep understanding of God's love and Christian faith is an important aspect in the spiritual life of every individual, especially the younger generation in the church. This article discusses efforts to increase understanding of God's love and Christian faith among the GMI Manna Balige youth association. The research method used is a quantitative approach through holding seminars which include material delivery, question and answer sessions, and interactive discussions. Evaluation is carried out through interview sessions to measure participant understanding. The results showed positive changes in participants' understanding and awareness of these concepts. It is hoped that this article can contribute to strengthening faith and love in the church community, as well as being a guide for developing similar programs in other churches.

Pancasila as the foundation of the Indonesian state has norms that regulate religious and cultural diversity. However, in practice, diversity is still a task that must be taken seriously.” This article discusses problems that arise due to diversity, such as conflicts between religious, ethnic and cultural communities. The purpose of writing this article is to provide relevant views related to multicultural education and its relationship with the principles of Christian values so that a tolerant nation is born. Indonesia is a nation that has different religions, ethnicities and cultures, but these differences often become one of the triggers for conflict. With the application of a strong multicultural understanding in a nation, Indonesia will become a strong nation and accept differences as heritage. The method used in writing this article is descriptive qualitative method, by conducting a literature review from several relevant sources, describing a thing, phenomenon, or social setting in explaining or describing related to the topic of multicultural and Christian values. By instilling multicultural education with the principles of Christian values (Galatians 5:22-23) such as love, peace, joy, kindness, generosity, faithfulness, gentleness, self-control is relevant to create a nation that is tolerant, lives in harmony, accepts and respects each other despite having different backgrounds.

Seeing that the times are increasingly advanced and everyone cannot be separated from this technology, the author hereby raises the issue of character formation through digital catechesis. This brings new opportunities and challenges in character formation. Digital catechesis, which utilizes digital media to convey catechetical messages, can be an effective tool for reaching the younger generation and helping them develop good character. This study uses qualitative methods by collecting information through literature analysis. Data collection methods involve analyzing and drawing information from various written sources, such as books, scientific journals, and articles. By utilizing technology wisely, digital catechesis can become an integral part of sustainable and meaningful character formation for individuals and their religious communication. Apart from the many benefits of this technological advancement there are also challenges, but by utilizing technology wisely, digital catechesis can become a tool. which is effective in conveying religious messages, forming character, and strengthening spiritual ties in society. Therefore, it is important for the Catholic Church and catechists to take advantage of the opportunities that exist in this digital era to continue the mission of character formation and spreading religious values.

This writing focuses on catechesis services, which are an integral part of ecclesiastical life for Christian believers. It is important for deepening the understanding of faith truths and their implementation in daily life within the social community. In this context, it aims to explore the relationship between theological understanding and practice in catechesis services for religious communities within the Christian context. Through a reflective theological approach, the author discusses how catechesis services can serve as a means to strengthen the foundation of believers' faith, integrate the teachings of Jesus Christ with the concrete experiences of Christian believers, and facilitate spiritual growth. The everyday reality is that in the struggle of life as a Christian, many still do not know Jesus Christ, as seen in our tendency to harbor mutual hatred towards one another. The methodology employed in this academic work includes literature review and practical findings from participating in a community service program at SMAK Bakti Luhur. The findings suggest that as followers of Jesus Christ, we must always acknowledge Him as the Savior of humanity, the only begotten Son of God the Father, and we, as believers, represent His presence in the world    

This writing focuses on catechesis services, which are an integral part of ecclesiastical life for Christian believers. It is important for deepening the understanding of faith truths and their implementation in daily life within the social community. In this context, it aims to explore the relationship between theological understanding and practice in catechesis services for religious communities within the Christian context. Through a reflective theological approach, the author discusses how catechesis services can serve as a means to strengthen the foundation of believers' faith, integrate the teachings of Jesus Christ with the concrete experiences of Christian believers, and facilitate spiritual growth. The everyday reality is that in the struggle of life as a Christian, many still do not know Jesus Christ, as seen in our tendency to harbor mutual hatred towards one another. The methodology employed in this academic work includes literature review and practical findings from participating in a community service program at SMAK Bakti Luhur. The findings suggest that as followers of Jesus Christ, we must always acknowledge Him as the Savior of humanity, the only begotten Son of God the Father, and we, as believers, represent His presence in the world    

The aim of this research is to determine the effectiveness of Christian Religious Education and Character Education book material for class VII SMP students, Revised 2016, published by the Ministry of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia in forming Christian character values. The data consisting of 14 chapters of Christian Religious Education and Character Education book material listed above were analyzed through library research using a qualitative approach method. The results of this research are that the material in the book Christian Religious Education and Character for Grade VII SMP students, Revised 2016, published by the Ministry of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia, is effective in forming Christian Character Values, if the structure of the chapters is reconstructed according to the analytical reference: the fruit of the spirit in Galatians 5:22 -23 is proven by the existence of Christian Religious Education and Character Book material for Class VII Middle School Students which contains material on Christian Character Values in accordance with the reference analysis of Galatians 5:22-23 (fruit of the spirit), namely: 1). Kasih refers to the material in chapter VII, chapter X, and chapter XI changed to chapters I, II, and III, 2). Joy refers to material from chapter VI changed to chapter IV, 3). Peace and Prosperity refers to the material in chapter I and chapter V was changed to chapters V and VI, 4). Patience refers to material in chapter III and chapter IV was changed to chapters VII and VIII, 5). Mercy refers to material in chapter II and chapter VIII was changed to chapters IX and X, 6). Kindness refers to material in chapter XII changed to chapter XI, 7). Loyalty refers to material in chapter IX changed to chapter XII, 8). Meekness refers to material in chapter XIII and chapter XIII, and 9). Self-Mastery refers to material from chapter XIV and remains chapter XIV.    

The aim of this research is to determine the effectiveness of Christian Religious Education and Character Education book material for class VII SMP students, Revised 2016, published by the Ministry of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia in forming Christian character values. The data consisting of 14 chapters of Christian Religious Education and Character Education book material listed above were analyzed through library research using a qualitative approach method. The results of this research are that the material in the book Christian Religious Education and Character for Grade VII SMP students, Revised 2016, published by the Ministry of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia, is effective in forming Christian Character Values, if the structure of the chapters is reconstructed according to the analytical reference: the fruit of the spirit in Galatians 5:22 -23 is proven by the existence of Christian Religious Education and Character Book material for Class VII Middle School Students which contains material on Christian Character Values in accordance with the reference analysis of Galatians 5:22-23 (fruit of the spirit), namely: 1). Kasih refers to the material in chapter VII, chapter X, and chapter XI changed to chapters I, II, and III, 2). Joy refers to material from chapter VI changed to chapter IV, 3). Peace and Prosperity refers to the material in chapter I and chapter V was changed to chapters V and VI, 4). Patience refers to material in chapter III and chapter IV was changed to chapters VII and VIII, 5). Mercy refers to material in chapter II and chapter VIII was changed to chapters IX and X, 6). Kindness refers to material in chapter XII changed to chapter XI, 7). Loyalty refers to material in chapter IX changed to chapter XII, 8). Meekness refers to material in chapter XIII and chapter XIII, and 9). Self-Mastery refers to material from chapter XIV and remains chapter XIV.    

Family is an intact fellowship or community based on intimate love that occurs between husband and wife and children in building a happy family. Especially in doing faith education for children's faith development, especially in today's digital era. The digital era brings various changes in human life, including in family dynamics. The application of Christian values in families in the digital era is very important to be applied in daily life. Christian values such as love, patience, joy and peace, gentleness, open communication, mutual respect, and forgiveness can be the foundation for everyone in building a strong and resilient family in facing the challenges of the digital era and educating children to apply Christian values in daily life to face the increasingly sophisticated and rapid technological developments wisely.

The purpose of this research is to 1) find out whether there is a relationship between the Spirituality of PAK Teachers and the Christian Character Formation of Teb State Middle School Students, 2) find out whether there is a relationship between Bible Study and the Christian Character Formation of Tebo State Middle School Students, 3) to find out whether there is a relationship between the Spirituality of PAK Teachers and Bible Study on the Formation of the Christian Character of Shiva SMP N Tebo. The research hypothesis is: "There is a significant relationship between PAK Teacher Spirituality and Bible Study on the Formation of Christian Character of N Tebo Middle School Students." The population is students of class VIII and IX of SMP N 3 Tebo, SMP N 30 Tebo, SMP N 31 Tebo totaling 290 people who are Christians. The research sample was determined using a purposive sampling technique, namely 36 students from class VIII and IX of SMP N Tebo as an experimental class using Religious Education and Bible Study Teacher Spirituality and 36 students from class XI MIPA 3 as a control class using normal treatment (conventional class). The instrument used in this research was a 50-item questionnaire. Research data for the questionnaire was analyzed using the average difference test formula (N-Gain Score). It was found that the average value for the experimental class was 82.4369 in the effective category. And the average value for the control class is 22.9433, which is in the ineffective category. Then carrying out an independent test using the t test obtained a value of t = 20.376> t table (α = 0.05; df = 70) = 2,000. Thus, it can be concluded that the research hypothesis is accepted, namely that there is a relationship between the Spirituality of Religious Education Teachers and Bible Study on the Formation of Christian Character in N Tebo Middle School Students, and H0 is rejected.    

The purpose of this research is to know Job’s faith in the suffering of the Book of Job 1-2 and the efforts to strengthen the Christian faith based on Job’s faith in suffering. The research method of this paper is a qualitative method with a literature study approach. The research was conducted by observing various literature texts according to the topic of discussion in the research. The results of the study show that there are various steps that can be implemented in an effort to strengthen Christian faith based on the book of Job 1-2, namely: living in fear of God, recognizing God’s sovereignty in life and having the right perspective on God’s actions and decisions in life.    

This article discusses holistic education in Catholic schools as a means of forming Christian character. Holistic education integrates spiritual, moral, intellectual, and social dimensions to build a whole person according to the values ​​of the Gospel. Case studies in several Catholic schools show that holistic education encourages students to actively participate in church and community life. This article also discusses challenges in its implementation, such as differences in student backgrounds, and strategies to overcome them.

Humans are creatures created specially by Allah, Allah created humans to be the same as Himself. This means that humans were created to live according to God's will. Humans try to find God in various ways and efforts but it is completely difficult to find the truth. So that makes people tend to think wrongly. Theology itself not only shows interesting facts related to the Christian Scriptures, but in the theological context, long debates often occur regarding certain topics within the scope of theology. Philosophy tends to use reason (logic) as a basis for carrying out arguments. Philosophy brings people to be able to think logically, straight and precisely. This is the case with the history of philosophy, so that seminarians, while studying the basic principles of various systems, can maintain elements that are proven to be true and find the roots of errors and refute them. Human life is a complex reality because in life, humans have no other choice but to always do something to maintain their existence. Before acting, each individual must decide, given certain risks, what to do.