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This study examines the representation of gender inequality and forms of women's resistance in Haifaa al-Mansour's film Wadjda using a Marxist-Socialist feminist perspective. This study aims to identify the forms of gender inequality represented in the film and analyze the forms of resistance carried out by female characters against the patriarchal structure in Saudi Arabian society. The research method used is a descriptive analytical method with a qualitative approach. Research data were obtained through observation and note-taking techniques of dialogue, scenes, and visual elements in the film related to gender issues and women's resistance. The results of the study indicate that there are four forms of gender inequality in the film, namely restrictions on women's roles, women's lack of freedom in behavior, patriarchal acts, and claims of culture and Islamic norms of Saudi Arabian society that are used to legitimize women's subordination. In addition, this study also found several forms of resistance carried out by female characters, especially Wadjda, such as the desire to own a bicycle, independent economic strategies, negotiations with school authorities, unconventional expressions of identity, and covert resistance shown by Wadjda's mother.

This study examines code-switching dynamics in parenting communication among two Indonesian migrant families who have acquired Malaysian citizenship. Using a qualitative approach with an intrinsic case study design, data were collected through in-depth interviews and observation of four informants comprising parents (First Generation) and children (Second Generation). Analysis was conducted using Poplack's (1980) typology, Gumperz's (1982) sociopragmatic framework, and Spolsky's (2004) language ideology perspective. Findings indicate that intra-sentential switching is the most productive form with Malay functioning as the matrix language, addressee specification emerges as the most dominant function, and message qualification reveals a negative pattern in which Indonesian is no longer effective as a command reinforcer. Second Generation informants in both families tend to identify as Malaysian, with varying intensity that correlates directly with the degree of Indonesian language exposure at home. Code-switching among First Generation informants is shown to function as a deliberate identity strategy, whereby Indonesian is selectively maintained in specific domains as a conscious effort to preserve cultural ties amid the dominance of Malay in everyday life.

This research aims to examine and analyze the phenomenon of speeding and illegal racing, which poses a significant threat to traffic safety within the legal jurisdiction of the Buleleng Resort Police (Polres Buleleng). The study employs empirical legal research methods, gathering primary data through observations and interviews with traffic police officers, alongside secondary data from legal literature and previous studies. The findings indicate that the speeding phenomenon in Buleleng is predominantly carried out by teenagers and young adults, often motivated by social media trends, peer pressure, and the search for identity. This reckless behavior leads to a high rate of traffic accidents, frequently resulting in severe injuries or fatalities. Furthermore, law enforcement efforts by Polres Buleleng face several challenges, including the high mobility of the perpetrators, lack of personnel during specific hours, and low legal awareness among the public. Preventive measures such as counseling in schools and repressive measures like electronic traffic law enforcement (E-TLE) and routine patrols need to be optimized. This study concludes that an integrated approach involving the police, educational institutions, and parents is crucial to mitigating the speeding phenomenon and ensuring traffic safety.

The New Testament is an essential part of the Christian Bible, containing testimonies concerning the life, ministry, death, and resurrection of Jesus Christ, as well as the development of the early Church. To fully understand its message, it is necessary to examine the historical and theological contexts that shaped its composition. This article aims to explore the New Testament from historical and theological perspectives by examining the social, political, cultural, and religious background of the first-century world, the process of the writing of the New Testament books, and their principal theological messages. The study employs a library research method with a descriptive-analytical approach to various biblical and theological sources. The findings indicate that the New Testament emerged within the context of Roman rule, Jewish religious traditions, and Hellenistic cultural influences, all of which shaped both the authors and their audiences. The books of the New Testament were written to address the needs of early Christian communities, affirm the identity of Jesus Christ, strengthen believers' faith, and provide guidance for Christian living. Theologically, the New Testament emphasizes central themes such as the Kingdom of God, salvation through Jesus Christ, grace, the formation of the Church, and eschatological hope. Therefore, an understanding of the historical background and theological message of the New Testament is essential for accurate interpretation and for maintaining its relevance to the life of the Church and contemporary Christian believers.

Cultural education plays a vital role in fostering children’s creative thinking skills. Batik, as Indonesia’s cultural heritage, embodies artistic values, symbols, and life meanings that can be utilized as a medium of learning. This study aims to describe the implementation of batik-based cultural education in enhancing the creativity of Indonesian children at Sanggar Bimbingan Al Ikhlas Sungai Penchala, Malaysia. The research method employed is qualitative with a case study design. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The findings reveal that batik activities improve children’s ability to generate ideas, select colors, and create patterns based on imagination. Moreover, children demonstrate increased confidence in expressing ideas through artwork. Teachers serve as facilitators who guide, motivate, and provide examples during the creative process. The conclusion indicates that batik-based cultural education enhances creativity, self-confidence, and cultural identity awareness among Indonesian children living abroad. This study contributes to the discourse on cultural education by highlighting batik as an effective medium for creative learning and identity development in diaspora contexts.

The dynamics of the global coffee industry during the 2024–2026 period were characterized by significant fluctuations that placed Starbucks in a vulnerable position due to multidimensional reputation crises, ranging from geopolitical sentiments to industrial relations tensions. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of Public Relations (PR) management strategies and integrated media models in restoring brand equity post-crisis. The research method applied is descriptive qualitative with a conceptual analysis approach, relying on digital literature studies and the collection of secondary data from international reputation research firm reports and credible mass media documentation. The research results indicate that the drastic decline in the Brand Strength Index was successfully mitigated through a strategic narrative transition from service efficiency toward the reinforcement of the original "The Third Place" identity. The utilization of data-driven Owned Media channels through loyalty applications proved to be the most crucial instrument in maintaining consumer retention amidst the global boycott. The research conclusion emphasizes that brand resilience in the era of digital volatility depends not only on rhetoric but on the synchronization between adaptive leadership, operational transparency, and the integration of an agile PESO communication model. This study provides a theoretical contribution regarding the importance of managing "reputation capital" through consistent sustainability commitments to maintain a balance between profitability and corporate communication ethics in an increasingly polarized global market

This study analyzes the evolution of indigenous knowledge within the context of Islamic da'wah in South Sulawesi, focusing on social and cultural dimensions. This research is predicated on the premise that Islamic da'wah in South Sulawesi evolves within a social framework influenced by persistent local cultural values and traditions. In this context, local wisdom serves as both a cultural identity and a strategic vehicle for disseminating Islamic doctrines. This research seeks to examine the transformation of local wisdom within Islamic da'wah methods and to discern its social and cultural ramifications. The study utilized a qualitative methodology using a descriptive-analytical framework. Data were gathered by library research, observation, and comprehensive interviews with religious leaders, traditional leaders, and community people engaged in culturally oriented da'wah activities. The results indicate that the evolution of local wisdom transpires through the adaptation, accommodation, and reinterpretation of indigenous cultural values within the context of Islamic teachings. This method makes da'wah more acceptable to society, enhances social integration, protects local cultural identity, and encourages a moderate, inclusive, and contextual type of religiosity.

This study aims to collect Serawai ethnic folktales, analyze their narrative structures, and identify the cultural values embedded within them. The research employs a qualitative descriptive method using structural and cultural value approaches. Data were obtained through interviews with informants, resulting in the collection of six Serawai folktales, namely Si Pahit Lidah (Serunting Sakti), Dusun Tinggi (Sebakas), Danau Kuranding, Batu Balai, Misteri Bukit Candi, and Sepit Kancing. The analysis focuses on structural elements, including theme, plot, characters and characterization, and setting, followed by an examination of cultural values using Clyde Kluckhohn’s cultural value orientation theory. The findings show that the six folktales are constructed through the integration of narrative elements that form a unified meaning and convey moral and cultural messages to the community. The dominant character, Serunting Sakti, represents wisdom, moral responsibility, and leadership. Furthermore, the analysis reveals that Serawai folktales contain five cultural value orientations proposed by Kluckhohn: the nature of human life, human work, human relations with time, human relations with nature, and human relations with others. These values are reflected in attitudes of wisdom, honesty, responsibility, hard work, appreciation of experience, environmental awareness, mutual cooperation, deliberation, and respect for customary traditions. Among these orientations, the most dominant is human relations with others. Overall, Serawai folktales function as oral literary heritage and as a medium for transmitting cultural values, preserving local wisdom, and strengthening Serawai cultural identity.

This article discusses ethical values in the philosophy of Islamic education as a response to contemporary challenges, such as moral crisis, declining character, and identity confusion. This study uses a literature review method with a philosophical and normative approach, based on Islamic teachings and the thoughts of educational figures. The results show that the philosophy of Islamic education contains important values such as monotheism, justice, responsibility, honesty, and good morals. These values are interconnected and play a significant role in shaping human personality. In addition to serving as a theoretical foundation, these values also function as guidelines in educational practice aimed at forming a complete human being (insan kamil). In the modern era, which is influenced by globalization and technological development, the application of Islamic ethical values is highly important to maintain a balance between intellectual intelligence and spiritual maturity. Therefore, the philosophy of Islamic education remains relevant as a solution for creating an education system that is not only intellectually advanced but also character-based and morally grounded. This study emphasizes that Islamic education needs to be directed toward the formation of moral awareness, the strengthening of spirituality, and the development of students’ social responsibility in daily life.  

This study aims to analyze the role of Gambus music education in fostering appreciation for Riau Malay oral traditions in higher education. Amidst the wave of globalization, oral traditions such as pantun, syair, and gurindam are losing their space of actualization among the younger generation. This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study design at the Universitas Islam Riau. Data were collected through participant observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The results indicate that Gambus music learning, which integrates experiential learning methods through three main stages textual analysis, musical practice, and contextual reflection is effective in increasing students' cultural awareness. The integration of oral tradition texts into musical materials allows students to deeply internalize moral, religious, and social values. Despite challenges such as limited curriculum time allocation, the involvement of expert practitioners serves as a key supporting factor in providing an authentic learning experience. The study concludes that Gambus music in higher education functions as a strategic educational instrument to revitalize oral traditions as a "living archive" and strengthen students' cultural identity.

Digital transformation has driven organizations to adopt the metaverse as a 3D virtual workspace that enables employee interaction through avatars, thereby introducing new challenges in managing organizational identity, work culture, and employee loyalty. This study aims to analyze the role of human resource leadership in establishing organizational identity, transforming work culture, and sustaining employee loyalty within a metaverse-based work environment. The study employs an integrative literature review approach by systematically collecting and synthesizing relevant scholarly sources from reputable publications within the last five years. The findings indicate that organizational identity in the metaverse is constructed through avatar representation and virtual environment design, while work culture undergoes a transformation toward flexible digital interaction patterns that still require reinforcement of organizational values. Furthermore, employee loyalty is influenced by the quality of virtual experiences and the effectiveness of leadership communication. In this context, digital-based HR leadership emerges as a critical factor in fostering employee engagement and trust in a non-physical interaction setting. This study contributes conceptually by integrating leadership, identity, culture, and loyalty within the metaverse framework, and provides practical implications for organizations in designing adaptive human resource management strategies in response to the advancement of immersive technologies.

This study aims to analyze the aesthetic values of Ranggawis Dance as a form of regional creative dance that develops in Purbalingga Regency. This research employs a qualitative method with a descriptive approach, supported by a choreographic aesthetic approach. The theoretical framework used is the aesthetic theory proposed, which includes aspects of form, content, and performance. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation, interviews, and documentation involving choreographers, musicians, dancers, and related parties in the performance of Ranggawis Dance. The data were analyzed descriptively using a qualitative approach by linking field findings with the applied aesthetic concepts. The results show that the aesthetics of Ranggawis Dance are formed through the harmony of form aspects, including movement, musical elements, and dancer composition; content aspects reflecting values of togetherness and joy within the community; and performance aspects demonstrated through synchronization (rampak) and dancers’ expressions. The dance movements, which combine Banyumasan, Jaipong, and contemporary elements, create a dynamic and harmonious impression, while the use of pentatonic scales strengthens the traditional character. The collaborative creative process between choreographers and musicians also contributes to the overall aesthetic unity of the performance. Therefore, Ranggawis Dance possesses strong aesthetic values, reflects local cultural identity, and has the potential to be further developed as part of traditional art preservation.

This study aims to analyze the visual appeal of anime characters through a case study of cosplayers in Surabaya. The focus of this research is to identify the factors that motivate cosplayers to idolize anime characters and to describe the visual elements that contribute to the formation of such appeal. This study employs a qualitative approach using observation, interviews, documentation, and questionnaire distribution to 30 active cosplayers aged 18–20 who are members of cosplay communities in Surabaya. The collected data were analyzed using Charles Sanders Peirce’s semiotic approach, which emphasizes the relationship between sign, object, and interpretant in the process of visual meaning-making. The results indicate that the appeal of anime characters is not solely influenced by visual aspects but also by emotional attachment formed through character representation. Specifically, facial features (66.7%) and body gestures (33.3%) are the dominant factors influencing cosplayers’ preferences, compared to other visual elements such as color, costume, and hair details. The semiotic analysis reveals that visual elements in cosplay function as a system of signs that represent character identity while simultaneously constructing aesthetic, emotional, and narrative meanings for the audience.

IIn the process of creating the feature video "Jejak Rasa: Akar dari Tanah Priangan," the author serves as the Director of Photography, responsible for managing the visual aspects to effectively and comprehensively convey the message. This is achieved through the application of various cinematographic techniques, such as careful selection of camera angles, types of shots, camera movements, and in-depth composition. The main goal of this feature video production is to showcase the cultural value of cassava as an essential part of the culinary identity of Tanah Priangan, while also highlighting its transformation from traditional food to modern culinary innovation with contemporary relevance and appeal. This work is expected to provide a more comprehensive visual representation of local food culture and raise public awareness about the importance of preserving culinary heritage as part of the nation's cultural wealth. The application of cinematographic techniques used not only strengthens the delivery of information but also effectively enhances the aesthetic quality of the work as a visual communication medium that can impact the audience emotionally and intellectually.

The development of digital technology has encouraged Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) to utilize social media as the main instrument in building brand awareness. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach with a field research type (field research). Data collection was carried out through observation, in-depth interviews with six sources (owner, financial manager, social media team, admin, crew, and customers), and documentation of the content of the TikTok account @mtm43surabaya. The results of the study show that: (1) MTMSBY43 implements a digital branding strategy with three main components, namely brand positioning as a social-based one-stop solution, a brand identity that focuses on a human-centered service approach, and a brand personality that reflects the character of local youth who are solution-oriented and socially concerned; (2) MTMSBY43 TikTok content is classified into three pillars, namely humanistic and realistic content (daily vlogs & live documentation), educational and transparent content (service portfolio), and humorous content (entertainment & engagement content) that builds high organic appeal; (3) TikTok acts as a primary growth driver for MTMSBY43's brand awareness through three mechanisms: creating brand recognition through the FYP algorithm, which reaches new audiences; driving brand recall through consistent uploads and a distinctive communication style; and building customer trust and brand loyalty through responsive two-way interactions

Texts depicting violence in the Old Testament, particularly Joshua 6:1–27, are often cited as evidence that the Bible legitimizes divine violence and genocide. This study aims to analyze the narrative of the conquest of Jericho through a historical-critical approach by integrating narrative structure analysis, historical-religious context, and a conceptual study of herem. The method used is a literature review with a qualitative approach that situates the text within the context of the Ancient Near East. The results of the study indicate that Joshua 6 is a systematically constructed theological narrative intended to affirm YHWH’s sovereignty as the Warrior-God and His faithfulness to the covenant with Israel. The concept of herem does not merely signify annihilation but functions as a mechanism for the sanctification of the people and the affirmation of covenantal identity in the face of the threat of syncretism. Furthermore, the use of war language in this text reflects the hyperbolic rhetoric characteristic of ancient literature, and thus cannot be read literally as a legitimization of modern violence. Consequently, a historical-critical reading affirms that this narrative is not a justification for genocide, but rather a theological construction that serves to shape the identity of faith and the understanding of God’s holiness and sovereignty in the history of Israel.

Male masculinity is a common theme in advertising. These potrayals often depict men as hardworking, resilient, and physically strong, thereby shaping an ideal male identity. This study uses Sara Mills’ critical discourse analysis perspective to examine the representation of the 2023 Extra Joss advertisement “Laki Buktikan!”. A qualitative descriptive approach is used, with data in the form of visuals, verbal narratives, and slogans that appear in advertising videos accessed via the TikTok application. The analysis will focus on the subjects and objects in the advertisement, the representation of masculinity, the position of the audience, the narrative structure, and the surrounding social context and gender ideology. The result of study show that the advertisement represents masculinity as an identity that must be continuously proven through strength, physical toughness, endurance, and a never-give-up attitude. Failure, defeat, and adversity are not condition that must be passively accepted, but rather condition demanding an active response from men to take concrete action. The advertisement not only promotes product, but also reproduces the ideology oh hegemonic masculinity by linking male self-proving to consuming Extra Joss energy drinks.

The development of globalization, digital technology, and social change has influenced the way young people understand and live out their faith. Secularism tends to place religion in the private sphere, so that religious values do not always become the basis for decision-making in daily life. This study aims to analyze the challenges of secularism to the formation of the identity of Catholic youth in the modern era and to formulate relevant religious education responses in addressing these dynamics. This research uses a qualitative approach with a literature study method that examines various scientific literature, Church documents, and research findings related to the phenomenon of secularism and the formation of the religious identity of Catholic youth. The results of the study indicate that secularism has a complex impact on the faith life of young people, including decreased participation in Church activities, the emergence of individualistic attitudes, and the tendency to view religion merely as a formal identity. However, on the other hand, the modern era also opens opportunities for young people to develop their faith creatively through the use of digital technology and involvement in faith communities. Therefore, Catholic religious education and pastoral accompaniment that are dialogical, contextual, and participatory are very important in helping Catholic youth integrate their faith into daily life. This study is expected to provide theoretical and practical contributions for educators and pastoral ministers in fostering the faith identity of Catholic youth in modern society.

In response to the rapid development of technology in the economic sector, every Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprise (MSME) is required to accelerate its competitive capacity. The Community Service Program (Kuliah Kerja Nyata/KKN) plays a role as a form of community engagement aimed at empowering local potential, including Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). Several challenges faced by the cassava chips MSME at the KKN location include low business capacity and competitiveness due to limited branding and minimal utilization of digital marketing technology.The objective of this community service activity is to accelerate the capacity and competitiveness of the cassava chips MSME through digital branding assistance and the utilization of digital marketplaces. The implementation employed observation, socialization, and direct assistance methods to MSME actors, which included the creation and updating of brand identity (logo), registering the business location on Google Maps, and mentoring in the establishment of digital stores on e-commerce platforms. The results of this activity indicate an increase in MSME actors’ understanding of the importance of branding and digital marketing, as well as an expansion of product marketing reach through online channels. This KKN activity has a positive impact on enhancing business capacity and serves as an initial step toward strengthening the sustainable competitiveness of MSMEs.

This community service was carried out at the Abar traditional pottery craftsman studio "Titian Hidup" with the aim of strengthening business competitiveness through the development of branding strategies based on local wisdom. Pottery crafts in Papua, especially in Kampung Abar, not only represent technical skills, but also contain philosophical values that reflect the history and cultural life of the indigenous peoples. However, until now pottery products do not have a brand identity that is able to express the richness of meaning and character that they have. The method of service includes deepening the philosophical character of the product, the application of technology, and socialization to craftsmen. This approach is designed to build awareness and knowledge about the importance of branding as an instrument to strengthen business identity. The results of the service show that artisans are beginning to understand the concept of professional branding, including product differentiation, cultural narratives, and the use of digital technology to expand market access. In addition, this activity encourages the adaptation of artisans to modern market developments without losing the cultural roots that characterize the product. Thus, this service contributes to the preservation of local culture while increasing the sustainability of the traditional Papuan pottery craft business through a structured and contextual branding strategy.