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Syncope or fainting is an emergency condition that commonly occurs during sports activities due to reduced blood flow and oxygen to the brain. Rapid and appropriate management is essential to prevent further complications. This study aims to determine the syncope management procedures following sports activities performed by healthcare professionals at primary healthcare facilities. This study employed direct observation and structured interviews with healthcare workers at Puskesmas Boba, Ngada on November 28, 2025. Observed aspects included initial patient condition, initial actions, vital signs examination, medical assistance provision, condition monitoring, and follow-up actions. Healthcare workers performed management according to first aid procedures by positioning patients supine, elevating both legs, loosening tight clothing, checking vital signs using sphygmomanometer and stethoscope, providing oxygen and fluids when necessary, and monitoring until condition stabilized. Main causative factors of syncope were dehydration, physical fatigue, hypoglycemia, and anemia. Syncope management requires systematic actions and adequate medical equipment. Preventive education for athletes and the community, as well as collaboration among healthcare workers, coaches, and physical education teachers is crucial to prevent recurrence.

Background: Compliance with routine infant immunization is essential for the success of vaccination programs and the prevention of vaccine-preventable diseases. However, adherence to immunization schedules remains suboptimal due to limited parental knowledge, concerns about vaccine safety, and the limited effectiveness of conventional health education. Audio-visual media offer a promising solution by delivering information in a more engaging, clear, and consistent manner. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of audio-visual educational media in improving adherence to basic immunization among infants in the service area of the Rum Balibunga Community Health Center. Methods: A quasi-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest approach was used. The sample included 40 mothers with infants aged 0-12 months selected through purposive sampling. Participants received an educational video on basic immunization. Adherence was assessed before and after the intervention based on completeness and timeliness according to the national schedule. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate methods, with the McNemar test for paired categorical data. Results: There was a significant improvement in immunization adherence after the intervention. Statistical analysis confirmed a meaningful difference before and after exposure, indicating the effectiveness of audio-visual media. Conclusion: Audio-visual education is an effective strategy to improve infant immunization adherence and can be widely applied in primary healthcare settings.

Pregnancy is a crucial period that requires intensive maternal health monitoring. Prenatal exercise is a non-medical intervention that is beneficial for improving physical fitness, reducing pregnancy complaints, and preparing mothers for childbirth. This study aims to determine whether there is a relationship between the knowledge and attitudes of pregnant women and the implementation of prenatal exercise at the Dolik Community Health Center. This study design was quantitative descriptive analytic with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 28 pregnant women selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire regarding knowledge, attitudes, and implementation of prenatal exercise, then analyzed using the Chi-Square test. The results showed that the majority of pregnant women had good knowledge (60.7 %) and a positive attitude towards prenatal exercise (64.3%). Bivariate analysis showed a significant relationship between knowledge and implementation of prenatal exercise (p = 0.021) and between attitude and implementation of prenatal exercise (p = 0.034). Mothers with good knowledge and positive attitudes were more likely to regularly participate in prenatal exercise. This study shows a relationship between knowledge and attitudes and implementation of prenatal exercise, so increasing education and fostering positive attitudes are important strategies to encourage participation of pregnant women.

Interpregnancy interval is a modifiable risk factor that may influence pregnancy complications, which remain a significant issue for maternal health despite most women being of ideal reproductive age. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between interpregnancy interval and pregnancy complications at Marisa Health Center. An analytical observational quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach was used. The study population consisted of pregnant women who received antenatal care at the Marisa Community Health Center during the study period. A total of 20 respondents were selected using total sampling according to inclusion criteria. Data were collected through medical record reviews and observation sheets covering maternal characteristics, gestational age, and pregnancy complications. Data analysis was conducted using univariate and bivariate analysis, with Spearman's Rho correlation test. Results showed that most respondents had a pregnancy interval of 1–2 years, and the most common pregnancy complication was anemia. Spearman's Rho test revealed a p-value of 0.542 and a correlation coefficient of r = −0.145, indicating no statistically significant relationship between pregnancy interval and complications. The study concluded that interpregnancy interval was not a dominant factor related to pregnancy complications in the respondents. Preventing pregnancy complications requires a comprehensive approach, including improving antenatal care quality, early detection of risk factors, and continuous pregnancy planning counseling.

Injuries, supported by continuous education, plays an essential role in preventing further injury and Sports injuries are common occurrences in physical activities, with minor injuries being the most frequently experienced by athletes, students, and the general community. Improper initial management of minor sports injuries may lead to more severe conditions and prolonged recovery periods. This study aimed to describe the management of minor sports injuries at Boawae Public Health Center based on observation and interviews with healthcare professionals. A descriptive qualitative method was employed through direct observation and structured interviews with a general practitioner and a nurse at Boawae Public Health Center. The results indicated that the most common minor sports injuries treated were contusions, mild sprains, muscle cramps, and muscle soreness. The initial management applied by healthcare providers was based on the RICE principle (Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation), accompanied by injury assessment before and after treatment. In addition, patients were provided with education regarding proper injury management and injury prevention. It can be concluded that appropriate early management of minor sports ensuring safe and sustainable participation in sports activities.

The third trimester of pregnancy is a challenging period since pregnant women experience various physical and psychological changes that can affect their readiness for childbirth. High anxiety levels and the presence of pregnancy complications are known to reduce maternal preparedness for labor. This study aims to determine the relationship between anxiety levels and pregnancy complications with the readiness of third trimester pregnant women in facing childbirth in the working area of Benteng Community Health Center, Selayar Islands Regency. This research used a quantitative approach with a correlational design and a cross-sectional method. The population consisted of all third trimester pregnant women, with a total sample of 86 respondents selected using purposive sampling. The research instruments included an anxiety questionnaire using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS), a pregnancy complication checklist, and a childbirth readiness questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test and multiple logistic regression at a significance level of α = 0.05. The results of the study showed no significant relationship between anxiety and readiness for childbirth (p < 0.550) or between pregnancy complications and readiness for childbirth (p < 0.690). Therefore, it can be concluded that anxiety and pregnancy complications are not significantly related to the readiness of pregnant women in the third trimester for childbirth. This indicates that maternal readiness is influenced by factors other than the variables studied, such as knowledge, family support, and previous childbirth experiences.

Injuries represent a common health issue associated with physical activity in both recreational and competitive sports settings. Appropriate initial management is essential to prevent complications and to facilitate optimal recovery. This study aims to describe the management of minor sports injuries at the Surisina Primary Health Center based on observational findings Sports and structured interviews with healthcare professionals. The study employed direct observation and structured interviews involving physicians and nurses at Surisina Primary Health Center on November 24, 2025. The findings indicate that sports injury management at the primary healthcare level involves a systematic initial assessment, comprehensive physical examination, and the implementation of simple immobilization techniques tailored to the type and severity of injury. Common injuries treated include sprains, muscle cramps, contusions, lacerations, ankle injuries, and minor fractures. Despite limitations in the availability of immobilization equipment, healthcare services were delivered effectively, supported by adequate patient education on injury care, warning signs, and activity recommendations during recovery. This study demonstrates the critical role of primary health centers in providing initial sports injury management and serving as practical learning sites for students in physical education and health programs.  

According to the latest data from WHO (World Health Organization) in 2024, there were around 1.7 billion cases of diarrhea in children worldwide which resulted in 443,832 deaths in children under 5 years of age each year, and an additional 50,851 children aged 9 years, while the country with the most diarrhea in children in the United States was 350 million cases each year and 48 million of them were caused by bacteria in food. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the role of parents and the initial handling of diarrhea in toddlers aged 1-5 years. This type of research is quantitative analytical with a cross-sectional study approach. The independent variable in the study is the role of parents, while the dependent variable is the initial handling of diarrhea in toddlers aged 1-5 years. The population in this study were all children suffering from diarrhea at the Gedang Village Health Center in 2024 as many as 283 people with a sample of 74 people. The sampling technique used was the Accidental Sampling technique. This study was conducted in the Working Area of ​​the Gedang Village Health Center, Sungai Penuh City, in January-June 2025. The results showed that most 47 (63.5%) respondents had poor parental roles, and most 42 (56.8%) respondents had poor initial handling of diarrhea in toddlers aged 1-5 years, with the results of the statistical test (Chi-Square) obtained a value of p = 0.005 (p <0.05). The conclusion of the study shows that there is a relationship between the role of parents and the initial handling of diarrhea in toddlers aged 1-5 years. The researcher's suggestion from the results of the study is that it can be applied in daily nursing practice, such as providing health education regarding the first handling of diarrhea, so that the role of parents will be even better.

Mawang Village occupies a strategic position as a buffer zone integrating the administrative center of Gowa Regency with other growth centers, featuring the ecological asset of Lake Mawang, which holds significant potential for ecotourism development. However, a discrepancy exists between spatial planning policies and the actual development of facilities and infrastructure on the ground. This study aims to identify the availability, accessibility, and physical feasibility of regional facilities and infrastructure as a fundamental database for area development. The method employed is descriptive-quantitative with a comparative analysis approach referring to the SNI 03-1733-2004 standards and spatial analysis. The findings indicate that religious and commercial/service facilities exhibit very high service levels with surplus conditions, while basic health facilities and early childhood education remain below minimum service standards. Spatially, the distribution of facilities tends to be concentrated along the main corridor, creating accessibility disparities for residents in inner residential areas. The collector road infrastructure is functionally adequate but lacks pedestrian facilities, while local roads suffer from pavement quality degradation. Furthermore, Lake Mawang, as a primary tourist attraction, still lacks basic supporting facilities. The implications of this research emphasize the need for equitable distribution of health facilities, revitalization of road quality, and the formulation of a comprehensive spatial detail plan for the lake area to achieve sustainable regional development based on local potential.

The implementation of the Health Workload Analysis (ABK Kes) method reveals both strengths and weaknesses, particularly regarding the suboptimal execution of core tasks such as filing and distributing medical records. This study aims to compare the workload of health human resources (SDMK) between primary and advanced healthcare facilities—specifically Banyudono 1 Public Health Center and Indriati Boyolali Hospital—both of which have implemented hybrid medical record systems. Using primary data collected through interviews and observations and analyzed via the ABK Kes method, the results indicate a need for 10 additional staff members in the Casemix Unit at Indriati Boyolali Hospital and 2 additional medical record practitioners at Banyudono 1 Public Health Center. The Available Working Time (WKT) at the Public Health Center was set at 75,000 based on the Minister of PAN-RB Regulation No. 1 of 2020, whereas the Hospital used real-time calculations. While the Public Health Center aligns its policies with Ministry of Health Regulation No. 19 of 2020, the Hospital adjusts its staffing needs based on the ABK Kes results. Given that this method focuses primarily on quantity, future research and development (R&D) should integrate Lean Thinking for process analysis, ABK Kes for capacity, Queueing Theory for dynamic analysis, and NASA-TLX for psychological evaluation to provide a more holistic assessment of staffing needs.

Empowering pregnant women in their third trimester through Respectful Maternity Care-based childbirth preparation counseling is a relevant promotive and preventive strategy for improving maternal health. This counseling not only provides knowledge about the signs of labor, stages of labor, pain management options, and birth planning, but also equips mothers with an understanding of their rights in midwifery care. Childbirth preparation education often focuses solely on clinical aspects and fails to fully address the psychosocial aspects and the rights of mothers as service recipients. This has the potential to lead to an unpleasant childbirth experience and even contribute to disrespect and abuse during labor. This counseling can equip mothers with an understanding of their rights in midwifery care. With an empathetic, participatory, and woman-centered approach, pregnant women are expected to be able to recognize their needs, convey their preferences, and communicate effectively with health workers. The purpose of this counseling is to improve pregnant women's knowledge before and after being empowered in their third trimester through Respectful Maternity Care-based childbirth preparation counseling.

Type 2 diabetes is a persistent medical condition with an increasing incidence that requires long-term treatment. One of the decisive factors in blood glucose control Patient self-awareness is a key variable examined in this study. The research was conducted to assess the relationship between self-awareness and blood glucose levels among individuals with type 2 diabetes in the Tuban Community Health Center area. A correlational analytic study with a cross-sectional design was utilized. The study involved a population of 135 patients, with a sample of 101 respondents selected using simple random sampling.Research data collection was conducted using a self-awareness questionnaire and a blood glucose observation sheet. Data analysis was performed using a chi-square test with a significance level of 0.05. The results of the analysis showed a p-value of 0.002 (p < 0.05), indicating a significant association between self-awareness and blood glucose levels. Based on these results, the study findings generally indicate that greater self-awareness typically allows for more optimal control of blood glucose levels.  

The maternal mortality rate (MMR) in Dompu Regency is still relatively high. Directly, this is caused by hypertension, COVID-19, etc., while indirectly, it is caused by reproductive status or four too (4T), namely too young, too old, too close together, and too many children. This research focuses on indirect causes that are often not overlooked, namely, to describe the knowledge and attitudes of pregnant women about 4T at the Matua Village Health Post in the Dompu Barat Health Center working area. This research is a quantitative research with a descriptive design. The population in this study were all pregnant women who had their pregnancies checked at the Matua Village Health Post in the Dompu Barat Health Center working area. Samples were taken using a total sampling technique from June to August 2023 with 40 people. Data collection techniques in this research were through interviews and filling out questionnaires. This research showed that the respondents' knowledge about 4T risks was mainly in the poor category. Namely, 18 respondents (46%), and the least was in the good and sufficient category, namely 11 respondents (27%) each. Respondents' attitudes about the risks of 4T mainly were in the harmful category, namely 31 respondents (78%). Meanwhile, nine respondents (22%) showed negative attitudes. Based on the research results, it was concluded that the knowledge of pregnant women at the Matua Health Post in the Dompu Barat Health Center working area was mostly in the poor category. Meanwhile, most mothers' attitudes are in the harmful category.

The coverage of Complete Basic Immunization (Imunisasi Dasar Lengkap or IDL) in Maharani Village remains low at 38.8%, falling short of the national target of 95%. This condition increases the health risk of toddlers contracting Vaccine-Preventable Diseases (PD3I). This study aimed to determine the relationship between mothers' knowledge and husbands' support regarding the completeness of basic immunization for toddlers in Maharani Village, within the working area of Rumbai Bukit Public Health Center. This research employed a quantitative analytic method with a cross-sectional design. The population in this study comprised all mothers with toddlers in the area, with a sample of 73 respondents selected using the purposive sampling technique. Data collection was conducted using validated questionnaires and observation of Maternal and Child Health (KIA) books, followed by univariate and bivariate analysis using the Chi-square statistical test. The results indicated that the majority of toddlers had incomplete immunization status (61.6%), mothers had a low level of knowledge (61.6%), and respondents did not receive support from their husbands (58.9%). Statistical test results confirmed a very significant relationship between mothers' knowledge (p-value = 0.000) and husbands' support (p-value = 0.000) with the completeness of basic immunization. The conclusion confirms that knowledge and husband's support are the main determinant factors. It is suggested that Rumbai Bukit Public Health Center implement a more inclusive health promotion strategy by involving the active role of husbands in monitoring child health.

Health services at the Puskesmas (Community Health Center) are an important sector directly related to the community. However, there are still various challenges in patient data management and handling complaints that can hinder service efficiency. One of the efforts to improve service quality is by developing a complaint information system that can efficiently manage and record patient complaints. This study aims to develop a complaint information system for services at the Puskesmas Waimangura using the Prototype method. This method was chosen because of its ability to produce system prototypes that can be immediately tested and developed according to user needs. The system is designed to allow patients to submit complaints related to the services received, as well as enabling Puskesmas staff to follow up on and record each complaint systematically. With the implementation of this system, it is expected to increase efficiency in managing complaint data, speed up problem resolution processes, and improve accuracy in recording patient and complaint data. The results of prototype testing show that this system simplifies the complaint process and provides convenience for staff in following up on patient complaints. The implementation of this information system is expected to improve the quality of services at Puskesmas Waimangura and accelerate responses to issues faced by patients.

Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of death among women, largely due to delayed diagnosis. Early detection through Clinical Breast Examination (CBE/SADANIS) is an important strategy to identify breast cancer at an early stage. However, the level of knowledge and awareness of Women of Reproductive Age regarding SADANIS remains low. This Community Service activity aimed to improve knowledge and awareness of SADANIS among Women of Reproductive Age through health education at PMB Rama Agustina. The activity was conducted through preparation, implementation, and evaluation stages. Health education was delivered using interactive lectures and discussions, supported by educational media such as leaflets and posters. Evaluation was carried out using pre-test and post-test questionnaires to assess changes in participants’ knowledge. The results showed an improvement in participants’ knowledge and a positive change in attitudes toward the importance of early breast cancer detection. In addition, participants demonstrated increased interest and willingness to undergo SADANIS examinations, either at the midwifery practice or at nearby primary healthcare centers. In conclusion, this activity was effective as a promotive and preventive effort to support early detection of breast cancer among women of reproductive age.

Stunting remains a major nutritional problem in Indonesia, impacting the quality of human resources. One important factor contributing to stunting is child feeding practices, especially during the First 1,000 Days of Life. Objective: This study aims to analyze the relationship between child feeding practices and stunting in toddlers. Method: This study used a cross-sectional design conducted in the Oesao Community Health Center (Puskesmas Oesao) working area. The sample was 30 toddlers aged 6–59 months selected using a purposive sampling technique. Child feeding practices were measured using a structured questionnaire, while stunting status was determined based on the WHO standard length/height-for-age (PB/U or TB/U) index. Data analysis was performed univariately and bivariately using the Chi-Square test. Results: The results showed that most toddlers with inadequate feeding practices experienced stunting. Bivariate analysis showed a significant relationship between child feeding practices and stunting (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Child feeding practices are significantly associated with stunting in toddlers. It is necessary to increase nutritional education and support families in feeding children as an effort to prevent stunting.

Balanced Nutrition Education and Strengthening Mothers' Participation in Posyandu Activities to Improve Toddler Nutritional Status Toddler nutrition continues to be a key focus in public health initiatives. Mothers' diet and active use of health services, particularly integrated health posts (Posyandu), are two factors that influence the nutritional status of toddlers. To help improve children's nutritional status, this community service project aims to strengthen mothers' involvement in Posyandu activities and raise their awareness of balanced nutrition. Thirty mothers of toddlers were targeted for this project, which was implemented in the Campalagian Community Health Center (Puskesmas) working area. Mothers were encouraged to actively participate in Posyandu activities through mentoring and education on balanced nutrition through counseling and interactive conversations. Mothers' attendance at Posyandu activities was monitored, and knowledge gains were measured using pre- and post-tests. The study found that mothers' average knowledge scores increased from 60 to 82, and mothers' attendance at Posyandu activities increased from 65% to 85%. This project demonstrates that balanced nutrition education and strengthening mothers' participation in Posyandu activities are effective in increasing mothers' knowledge and involvement, potentially supporting efforts to improve and prevent nutritional problems in toddlers on a sustainable basis.

Schizophrenia is a chronic mental disorder that requires long-term medication adherence to prevent relapse and improve patients’ quality of life. Caregivers play a crucial role in encouraging medication adherence through emotional, informational, instrumental, and supervisory support. This descriptive quantitative study with a cross-sectional design aimed to describe caregiver support and medication adherence among schizophrenia patients at the South Denpasar Public Health Center. A total of 100 respondents, who were family members or caregivers of schizophrenia patients, were selected using a consecutive sampling technique. Data were collected through structured interviews using questionnaires and analyzed descriptively. The results showed that most caregivers provided good support (63%), particularly in accompanying patients during medication intake, actively interacting with them, and following health workers’ recommendations. Furthermore, patients’ medication adherence was mostly in the moderate (45%) and good (35%) categories. These findings indicate that caregiver support plays a significant role in improving medication adherence among schizophrenia patients. Strengthening caregiver knowledge and optimizing health education by healthcare workers are essential to further enhance adherence.

Background: Hypertension remains a major public health problem, particularly in primary health care settings. The coexistence of diabetes mellitus may contribute to increased hypertension severity; however, evidence from primary care data in Indonesia remains limited. Objective: This study aimed to examine the association between diabetes mellitus and hypertension severity among patients attending a primary health care center in Indonesia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using secondary data obtained from medical records at a primary health care center in 2025. A total of 84 patients with hypertension were included using total sampling. Hypertension severity was classified into stage 1 and stage 2. Bivariate analysis was performed using the Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test as appropriate, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26. Results: Of the 84 participants, 33.3% had diabetes mellitus. Stage 2 hypertension was more prevalent than stage 1 hypertension. Diabetes mellitus was significantly associated with hypertension severity (p = 0.029), with a higher proportion of patients with diabetes mellitus presenting with stage 2 hypertension. Conclusion: Diabetes mellitus was significantly associated with greater hypertension severity in a primary health care setting. These findings highlight the importance of integrated management.