Publication Search

This study aims to analyze the comparison of solvency levels and claim payment abilities between two general insurance companies in Indonesia, PT Asuransi Dayin Mitra Tbk (ASDM) and PT Asuransi Jasa Tania Tbk (ASJT), considering the macroeconomic conditions in 2023. The methods used are qualitative and quantitative comparative analyses based on the audited financial statements and annual reports of both companies, as well as a review of macroeconomic data from official sources. The findings indicate that ASDM and ASJT managed to achieve positive performance despite economic challenges, with ASJT recording higher growth in premiums and net income. Both companies maintained solvency ratios above regulatory thresholds and controlled claims ratios. Business strategy adaptation, sound governance, and effective risk management contributed to these achievements. Macroeconomic factors such as inflation, interest rates, and exchange rates were found to influence the performance of both companies, with varying levels of sensitivity depending on their market segment focus. These findings provide valuable insights into the dynamics of the insurance business in Indonesia and highlight opportunities and challenges that industry stakeholders need to anticipate..

This study examines the influence of leverage, profitability, and capital structure on earnings management in consumer non-cyclicals companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the period 2019–2023. Earnings management has become a central issue in financial reporting, as it reflects managerial discretion in presenting financial information that may not fully align with the company’s actual economic condition. Understanding the determinants of earnings management is therefore essential to enhance transparency, credibility, and stakeholder trust in corporate financial reports. The research employed a quantitative approach using multiple linear regression analysis, with data processed through SPSS version 25. The sample consisted of 104 company-year observations, which were selected using purposive sampling techniques and subsequently refined through outlier testing to ensure data validity and reliability. The independent variables analyzed were leverage, profitability, and capital structure, while earnings management served as the dependent variable. The empirical findings demonstrate that leverage and profitability exert a significant influence on earnings management practices. Specifically, companies with higher leverage tend to engage in earnings management as a mechanism to meet financial obligations and reduce the risk of violating debt covenants. Similarly, higher profitability motivates managers to manipulate earnings in order to sustain investor confidence and maintain a favorable corporate image. In contrast, capital structure is found to have no significant effect on earnings management, indicating that financing decisions between debt and equity may not directly influence managerial behavior in financial reporting. These results highlight the importance of monitoring leverage and profitability indicators as potential predictors of earnings management. For corporate management, the findings suggest the need to implement stronger internal control systems and uphold ethical financial practices. For investors and regulators, the study provides useful insights into assessing company performance beyond reported earnings, thereby supporting more informed decision-making and promoting the integrity of capital markets.

This study aims to analyze how the elements of the Fraud Triangle, namely pressure, opportunity, and rationalization, influence the occurrence of financial statement fraud. Using a qualitative method with a descriptive approach and secondary data sources from relevant literature published in 2020–2025, this study examines various previous research findings related to the application of the Fraud Triangle theory in the industrial sector in Indonesia and internationally. The study results indicate that pressure, especially in the form of high financial targets and external pressure, is the dominant factor that triggers management to manipulate reports. Meanwhile, opportunity does not always have a significant impact on fraud due to the presence of effective internal control systems and external supervision. Rationalization has been proven to also drive fraudulent actions through moral justification by the perpetrators. This study concludes that the Fraud Triangle remains a relevant conceptual framework in understanding and detecting potential financial statement fraud, as well as providing implications for improving corporate governance and control systems.  

This article discusses the four-month internship experience at PT Pos Indonesia Regional V Surabaya, specifically in the Finance and Accounting section, with a focus on evaluating the effectiveness of using the SAP S/4HANA system in recording financial transactions. The research used a descriptive qualitative approach with a literature study method that was analyzed thematically. The results showed that SAP supports real-time transaction recording, is integrated between modules, has an adequate audit trail, and increases HR competence in terms of accuracy and work efficiency. The conclusion shows that the SAP system has proven effective in supporting operational efficiency and internal control of the company, while providing practical experience and important learning for students in facing the digital and integrated world of work.

Liquid Petroleum Gas, commonly known as LPG, is widely used in household activities, especially for cooking. However, its flammable nature makes this gas very hazardous if a leak occurs, which can result in an explosion that damages buildings, endangers the safety of those living there, and causes financial losses. Recently, the improper or unsafe use of LPG gas has led to numerous accidents and fires. This raises serious concerns for the people who use it. LPG gas leaks are often difficult to detect due to various factors, such as the absence of the gas's distinctive odor or the absence of people around the leak location. This study aims to detect gas leaks to minimize or prevent fires and LPG gas explosions. The methods in the research that will be carried out include identification, literature study, data collection, design, implementation, system testing, and conclusions. In this study, the design and implementation of an LPG gas leak detection system based on Arduino will be carried out to minimize this risk. The system will use MQ-2 to determine the concentration of LPG gas in the air. When a leak is detected, the Arduino microcontroller will process the input and automatically close the solenoid and activate the buzzer as an alarm. The implementation and testing results concluded that the system can detect LPG leaks above 600 ppm and respond effectively by cutting off the gas supply and providing an audible warning. This system is expected to improve household safety by providing early warning of gas leaks. Future developments may include integration with an Android app for smartphones, enabling more practical remote monitoring.

This research aims to examine and describe the implementation of a digital-based Cost of Revenue recording system at PT Alam Mulya as a logistics service company. Amid the rapid development of information technology, digital-based financial recording systems have become a strategic solution for enhancing efficiency, accuracy, and transparency in financial reporting. This study employs a qualitative descriptive approach, utilizing data collection techniques through literature review, direct observation, and interviews with parties involved in the company's financial recording process. The research findings indicate that the use of the Shortcut-AM application can accelerate the real-time recording of direct costs, reduce the risk of recording errors, and facilitate internal monitoring and audits. However, the effectiveness of the system still faces several challenges, such as delays in collecting supporting documents, account classification errors, and discrepancies between account mutation data and internal records. These challenges highlight the importance of cross-divisional coordination, ongoing technical training, and strengthening internal controls to ensure the system operates optimally. Thus, the digital-based recording system not only enhances operational efficiency but also serves as an essential foundation for maintaining the integrity and accountability of the company's financial reports.

Late payment of accounts receivable is a serious challenge that can disrupt the stability of the company's cash flow and financial performance. This study aims to evaluate the role of risk management in minimizing late payment of accounts receivable at PT Alam Mulya, a logistics company in Surabaya. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with a case study approach, through direct observation, interviews, and documentation during the five-month internship period. The results showed that the company has implemented risk management principles, such as customer identification, setting credit limits, monitoring maturity, and implementing active collection. However, the implementation has not been thorough and consistent, especially in the aspects of using digital systems, documenting credit policies, and applying sanctions for late payments. It was also found that decision interventions based on personal relationships hindered the effectiveness of risk control. This study recommends the implementation of an integrated digital system, the establishment of a written credit policy, and staff training related to risk management and collection. By strengthening comprehensive risk management, the company is expected to improve the efficiency of receivables management and maintain optimal cash flow sustainability.

The timeframe of financial statement publication refers to the interval between the end of the financial reporting period and the date the report is made available to the public. Prompt and timely publication of financial statements reduces information asymmetry between agents and principals. This study aims to provide empirical evidence on the effect of profitability and leverage on the timeframe of financial statement publication. The research was conducted on all companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2023 period. Industry type was used as a control variable. The sample was determined using a non-probability sampling method with a purposive sampling technique, resulting in 788 observations. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results show that profitability has a negative effect on the timeframe of financial statement publication, while leverage has no significant effect

Efficient budget management in the public sector requires reliable and relevant information. In this context, management accounting plays a crucial role not only as a financial recording tool but also as a support system for planning, controlling, and evaluating organizational performance. This article explores how management accounting can be implemented to help government institutions and non-profit organizations use public resources effectively. The study uses a descriptive qualitative approach by reviewing relevant academic literature. Findings indicate that a well implemented accounting system can enhance transparency, improve accountability, and reduce waste as well as the risk of budget misuse. Moreover, the financial and non-financial information it provides supports data-driven decision-making processes. Successful application of management accounting depends on strong leadership commitment, competent human resources, and the adoption of good governance principles. Therefore, management accounting serves not only as an administrative necessity but also as a foundational tool for delivering high-quality and trustworthy public services.

Risk control mechanisms in murabahah and mudharabah financing are implemented to anticipate potential risks arising from the customer's position. The objective is to uphold sharia principles while ensuring that the mitigation efforts by Sharia Rural Financing Banks (BPRS) provide advantages for both the bank and the wider community, particularly the customers. This qualitative case study investigates BPRS Madina in Yogyakarta. The findings reveal that BPRS Madina adopts several approaches to mitigate risks in murabahah and mudharabah financing. First, it verifies the completeness of financing documents using available data sources. Second, it checks for any history of problematic financing by the customer. Third, when necessary, the bank conducts restructuring to minimize risk. Additionally, BPRS Madina carries out risk control measures based on DSN MUI Fatwa No. 04/DSN-MUI/IV/2000 on Murabahah Financing and No. 07/DSN-MUI/IV/2000 on Mudharabah. While Islamic financial institutions do not inherently require guarantees in financing, they are permitted to request collateral to prevent losses. This collateral is not intended to ensure full compliance with the contract terms but rather to safeguard the return of the capital provided. Lastly, the risk management strategies employed by BPRS Madina for murabahah and mudharabah financing are deemed effective, as less than 1% of customers currently encounter issues, and operational risks remain well-managed.    

Information technology companies rely heavily on databases to store critical data that is vulnerable to leaks that can be financially and reputationally detrimental. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of database security mechanisms, especially encryption and access control, in preventing data leaks. The method used is a case study with a qualitative approach through observation and interviews at information technology companies, as well as technical analysis of database protection implementation. The results of the study show that to maintain data security, companies need to use end-to-end encryption and a biometric login system so that only authorized people can access it. Smart technology such as AI is also important for detecting threats quickly. In addition, using special tools to monitor devices and routinely test security helps reduce risks. No less important, providing security training to employees so that they are more vigilant and do not become a gap for data leaks. In this way, companies can be better prepared to face various threats in today's digital era.  

Corruption is a serious issue that can hinder development and undermine good governance. This article discusses various anti-corruption prevention efforts implemented at the Office of the Regional Financial and Asset Management Agency (BPKAD) in Kotabumi, North Lampung. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collected through interviews, observations, and document analysis. The findings indicate that BPKAD has adopted several preventive strategies, including increased transparency in budget management, the implementation of internal control systems, and ethics and integrity training for employees. Additionally, the use of information technology has been utilized to minimize the potential for irregularities. The main challenges in these efforts include resistance to change and a lack of awareness among some officials about the importance of anti-corruption culture. Therefore, stronger commitment from all organizational elements and support from external parties are needed to create a clean and accountable work environment.

The implementation of dengue fever control in Tanjungpinang City through the 1 House 1 Jumantik Movement program has not been optimal until now. The problem in controlling dengue fever through this program is that the community is inactive and does not know about the implementation of this program. The purpose of the researcher was to determine the implementation of dengue fever control through the 1 House 1 Jumantik Movement program in Tanjungpinang City. Qualitative Method and Policy Implementation theory by Marilee S Grindle. The results of the study showed (1) Content of policy, the researcher found from the indicators of the resources used, namely financial resources, the wages given were only enough for transportation costs. Insufficient resources also limited the number of jumantik cadres working, plus there was a change in funding sources to BOK which caused several health centers to experience a budget reduction in Jumantik honorariums (2) Context of Implementation found that the authority of each actor was not in accordance with the implementation manual for the 1 House 1 Jumantik Movement by the Ministry of Health. In addition, the government also did not provide guidance to the community so that many people did not know about this program.

The objective of the dissemination activity on managerial economic practices related to budgeting was to enhance the understanding and capacity of Karang Taruna administrators in managing organizational finances efficiently and responsibly.through training sessions and interviews, participants gained practical insights into planning, controlling, and evaluating budgets based on managerial economics principles. The outcomes of the activity demonstrated that applying efficiency and effectiveness principles in budgeting can improve accountability, transparency, and overall organizational performance.the budgeting process for the 2025 UMKM Bazaar served as a practical example, showing that structured and participatory financial management can enhance organizational governance and optimize the use of available resources.according to the final evaluation, the administrators showed significant improvement in budget planning and management skills, contributing to better performance and increased professionalism within Karang Taruna.this initiative represents a strategic step toward fostering the independence of community organizations in implementing sustainable programs.

This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach that aims to systematically describe the procedure for purchasing raw materials on credit at PT Bernofarm Pharmaceutical Company. The study focuses on various stages of purchasing, coordination between related departments (such as PPIC, purchasing, QC, warehouse, and accounting), and the use of documents and recording tools such as Microsoft Excel and ERP systems. This study is motivated by the importance of implementing standard purchasing procedures to ensure smooth production processes, accuracy of debt recording, and quality of raw materials. Primary data were obtained through direct observation during internship activities and unstructured interviews with management, especially the accounting department. Meanwhile, secondary data were obtained through a review of relevant literature to strengthen the analysis and discussion. The analysis technique was carried out qualitatively through the process of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study indicate that the procedure for purchasing raw materials on credit at PT Bernofarm is in line with the principles of internal control based on the COSO framework and meets applicable quality management standards, such as GMP/CPOB and ISO. Each stage from supplier evaluation, quality inspection, to debt repayment shows orderly and documented control. Thus, the procedures implemented support the operational effectiveness and integrity of the company's financial data.

This research aims to determine whether the budget formulation of the Merah Putih Village Cooperative is in accordance with the norms and statutory regulations as stipulated in Law Number 25 of 1992 concerning Cooperatives, particularly in relation to Article 33 paragraph (4) of the 1945 Constitution, which emphasizes the principle of independence in the national economy. The results of this study focus on optimizing the establishment of the Merah Putih Village Cooperative to support the formation of national-scale cooperatives that function not only as savings and loan institutions driving the economy, but also address the challenges and risks that may arise from the establishment of the Merah Putih Cooperative. First, the issue of economic scale is crucial. Operations at the village level are often limited by available resources and market reach. Second, human resource capacity is a determining factor. The management of funds amounting to IDR 3–5 billion requires financial, business, operational, and marketing management skills that are not always present in every village. Experience with Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) shows that one of their main challenges is finding local residents who are truly skilled managers. Third, elite capture or control by local elites can become a bottleneck. In villages with weak governance, influential figures may abuse their authority to control the cooperative for personal gain. Similar occurrences are often found in grant programs from Ministries/Agencies or the private sector, where key individuals dominate and exploit these resources for their own interests. Fourth, the risk of fraud.

This study aims to examine the role of bank account vouching procedures in maintaining the integrity of financial statements through a case study of MBKM Internship Mandiri program activities. The method used is descriptive qualitative with a case study approach. Data were obtained from observation of recording and verification of financial transactions, documentation of supporting documents, and interviews with finance, accounting, and taxation staff. Data analysis techniques were carried out through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results show that vouching is carried out systematically starting from the collection of General Ledger data, matching documents such as vouchers, transfer receipts, bank statements, and budgets, to the preparation of daily bank statements. The discussion shows that the vouching procedure functions not only as a technical control, but also as a strategic measure that strengthens transparency, accuracy of records, and compliance with accounting and taxation principles. Vouching supports documentation completeness and audit readiness, and is an important part of an effective internal control system. It has been shown to improve the accuracy of records and transparency of financial statements, while supporting the company's internal control function. This research confirms the importance of vouching as an effective preventive procedure in the financial control system

This study aims to analyze the determinants of the quality of government financial reports with a focus on the role of human resource (HR) competency through a systematic literature review. Based on the analysis of 10 selected articles, it was found that HR competency has a variety of influences on the quality of financial reports, ranging from significant positive to insignificant, depending on the context and moderating variables. Several studies have shown that human resource competency has a direct or indirect effect through mediators such as information quality or internal control systems. On the other hand, other studies have revealed that factors such as information technology, accounting systems, and internal control often have a more dominant impact. These findings highlight the importance of a holistic approach that combines improving HR competency with strengthening supporting systems to achieve optimal financial report quality. The implications of this research can be a reference for the government and stakeholders in designing effective HR development and financial governance policies.

This study aims to analyze financial statements as a tool to assess the financial performance of PT Unilever Indonesia Tbk for the period 2020–2023. Using a descriptive quantitative approach, this research calculates key financial ratios, including liquidity ratios (current ratio), solvency ratios (debt to equity ratio), activity ratios (total asset turnover), and profitability ratios (net profit margin). The results show that the current ratio experienced a declining trend from 66.09% in 2020 to 55.16% in 2023, reflecting a weakening ability of the company to meet its short-term liabilities. The debt to equity ratio increased from 315.90% in 2020 to 392.85% in 2023, indicating a high dependence on debt financing. Meanwhile, the total asset turnover improved from 315.90% in 2020 to 392.85% in 2023, suggesting better efficiency in utilizing assets to generate sales. However, the net profit margin declined from 16.42% in 2020 to 12.26% in 2023, signaling a decrease in the company's effectiveness in converting sales into net profit. Based on these findings, PT Unilever Indonesia Tbk is advised to enhance the management of current assets, strengthen its capital structure by reducing reliance on debt, and thoroughly evaluate cost control and marketing strategies to improve profitability and ensure business sustainability in the future.   

Marketing management is a planning process. implementing target market control and acquiring, retaining and growing customers through creating, delivering and communicating superior customer value. The aim of this research is to understand consumer needs and behavior, as well as analyze the market environment, increase consumer awareness and recognition of MSME products or services, increase the ability of MSMEs to compete in the market by developing innovative and effective marketing strategies. As for marketing strategies that can help develop MSME businesses and manage wise financial management, strategies can also be described using a SWOT analysis.