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Abstract. turbocharger is a vital component in many modern engines, which functions to increase engine performance and efficiency by compressing the air entering the combustion chamber. However, turbochargers often face various technical problems, one of which is damage to the turbo rotation. The purpose of this research is to discuss reducing RPM on ships to align research objectives, find out the problems that occurred during research, research objectives, problem formulation and research questions. This research method uses the qualitative type TSHD Rsa Marine 3 and the officers' efforts to take action when the main engine experiences a decrease in RPM, namely replacing components that affect the decrease in RPM such as replacing turbo components and air filters. This research was conducted using qualitative research methods, observation, interviews and related heritage. with a sudden drop in RPM. then take data such as RPM reduction statistics and pictures of component repairs that have a big influence on the reduction in Main Engine RPM. Based on the research results, it was concluded that the decrease in RPM was caused by damage to the compressor wheel and dirty turbo filter which resulted in abnormal RPM ME No. 2 on the ship.

Cervical root syndrome (CRS) is a clinical condition  caused by compression of the nerve roots in the neck area, often experienced by workers in static positions for long periods such a tailors. CRS can cause significant pain symtomps, affecting daily activities and quality of life. This study aims to determine the effect of a combination of neck calliet exercise and Neuromuscular taping on reducing pain in suffers of cervical root syndrome among tailors in Sragen. This research uses a design quasi-exsperimental with pre-test and post-test. the research subjectsw ere 26 tailor in sragen who where selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The invertion provided is a combination of neck caliet exercise and Neuromuscular taping. pain levels were measured using NRS scale before and after the intervention. Before the intervention 76.9%  of respondens experienced moderate pain (NRS score 4-6). while 23.1% experienced mild pain (NRS score 1-3). After the intervention 69.2% of respondents experienced in pain to the mild category, and only 30.8% still felt moderate pain. data analysis shows a significant reduction in pain levels after being given this combination intervention.The combination of neck calliet exercise and Neuromuscular taping  is effective in reducing pain in sufferers of cervical root syndrome among tailors. this intervention can be an afficient pharmacological alternative treathment for chronic neck pain.

Indonesia is an area rich in sea sand. The aim of this research is to determine the comparison of the compressive strength of mortar derived from sea sand and river sand, as well as the feasibility of using sea sand as a material in construction in coastal areas. The results of the research showed that the compressive strength of the mortar from the two materials tested at 28 days had a difference in compressive strength of up to 37.45%, the mortar made from sea sand aggregate produced a mortar compressive strength of 14.13 Mpa which can be categorized as type S mortar with minimum value 12.5 MPa, meanwhile, mortar made from fine river sand aggregate produces a mortar compressive strength of 22.59 MPa and is included in the type M mortar category which has a minimum value of 17.2 Mpa.  

Background: Based on world data, there have been 2.7 million cases of perineal rupture in mothers giving birth. This figure is estimated to reach the highest number collected until 2050, which is 6.3 million. Perineal rupture in Asia also often occurs in society, which is around 50%. According to data from the Indonesian Demographic Health Survey (SDKI), 75% of mothers who give birth in Indonesia experience perineal tears or perineal rupture. Objective: To describe the results of measuring the pain scale using the cold compress method. Method: This study method uses a case study method with a descriptive design and uses a Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) pain measurement sheet, in the cold compress method, the variable measured is perineal wound pain that has been given intervention 3 times a day in a span of 5-10 minutes for 3 days. Results: After cold compresses were given to two respondents who experienced perineal wounds, there was a change in the pain scale which was included in the mild pain category. Conclusion: The application of cold compresses can reduce the scale of perineal wound pain in postpartum patients.    

Abnormal pain is a general term encompassing various health complaints affecting the area between the chest and pelvis (including the abdominal wall and internal organs), with varying intensity, duration, and pain points. The research aims to identify the application of nursing care for acute pain by providing warm compresses to a patient with the initials Ny.W, who experienced abnormal pain in the Lavender ward at Kardinah Regional Hospital, Tegal City. This study applied a descriptive design. Data were collected through several stages, including anamnesis (gathering of medical history), direct observation, physical assessment, and documentation. The research findings indicated that the patient's issue was resolved on the third day, marked by a reduction in pain intensity. Overall, the nursing problem was managed within three days through the intervention of warm compresses as a nursing action.

Background: Indonesia is included in the category of gout arthritis sufferers which is quite high at 35% in the world, while in Central Java it reaches 7.3% while based on symptom diagnosis it is 24.7%, for the prevalence of gout arthritis in Sukoharjo City is 21.04%. The highest number of gout arthritis patients at the Sukoharjo Health Center is 134 sufferers, from the high value of gout arthritis in Indonesia if not treated cause pain and tingling in the joint area. For this reason, efforts are needed to control gout. One of the treatment is to do a warm compress of cinnamon. Purpose: Determine the pain scale before and after the administration of cinnamon warm compresses and see the effect of cinnamon warm compresses on pain in patients with gout arthritis. Method: This type of application uses a descriptive research method and by observing 2 respondents with a history of gout arthritis and given the implementation of a warm cinnamon compress. Result: The scale of pain after being given a warm cinnamon compress is mild pain. Conclusion: There is an effect of giving cinnamon warm compresses on pain in people with gout arthritis.

This research shows that plastic bricks use plastic waste as a mixed material, offering an innovative solution in the construction sector that is more environmentally friendly and sustainable. The raw material used in making these bricks is plastic waste, which will reduce the amount of plastic waste thrown away in landfills. And the use of recycled plastic waste 5 (PP) polypropylene as a binding material in the paving block mixture produces maximum compressive strength.

Parepare City is located on the coast with significant fisheries and maritime potential. The processing and consumption of shellfish in this city produces a lot of shellfish waste, which is often not utilized and accumulates into an environmental problem. To improve the properties of concrete, several types of additives that have certain functions are added to the concrete mixture, namely increasing the workability, durability, and hardening time of concrete. This study aims to determine the compressive strength of concrete and the composition of coarse aggregate of shells with superplasticizer added materials that are optimally produced. Using an experimental method carried out at the Laboratory of Structure and Materials, Muhammadiyah University of Parepare. The results showed that substitution of coarse aggregate with 5% shellfish waste and 0.5% superplasticizer increased the compressive strength of concrete at the ages of 7, 14, and 28 days. The 10% substitution still meets the compressive strength requirements at 28 days, although slightly lower than normal concrete. Substitution of shells up to 5% increases the compressive strength of concrete, and the 10% content is optimal, reaching the maximum value without significant decline. It is recommended that the use of shells as a substitute for coarse aggregate does not exceed 10% for optimal results and meets the planned compressive strength of 25 MPa.

Background: Dysmenorrhea pain is lower abdominal pain that can spread the lower back, waist, pervis, caused contractions uterine muscles when blood released from the uterus, causing the muscles highten and causing pain and cramps. The incidence rate in Indonesia 64,25% divided  primary dysmenorrhea 54,89% and secondary dysmenorrhea 9,36%. Warm compresses have the body’s  response heat which causes dilation of blood vassels wich improves blood circulation. Deep breathing relaxation through breathing exercises stimulates  body form  pain suppression system, wich ultimately can reduce pain intensity. Objective : Describe the results before and after administering warm electric compresses and deep breathing relaxation on the level of dysmenorrhea pain. Method: Case study method by observing pain levels and using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) measuring scale. Results: There was reduction  dysmenorrhea pain both respondents after giving warm compresses electric and deep breathing relaxtion to Nn. R  a scale of 6 to 4 and Nn. A a scale of 8 to 5. Conslusion: Applying warm compresses and deep breathing relaxation  young women with dysmenorrhea pain can reduce the level of pain.

Background: The elderly are more likely to suffer from gout with symptoms of pain and swelling in the joints.  Pain that is not handled properly can trigger a prolonged stress response, which will reduce the body's resistance. One non-pharmacological therapy that can be given to gout sufferers is a warm compress from Moringa leaves.  Warm compresses from Moringa leaves are a technique for applying compresses to joint areas that experience pain due to gout.  Objective: To determine the results of differences in pain intensity before and after applying a warm Moringa leaf compress to Lanisa.  Method: This research used a descriptive research design with a case study approach on 2 respondents in Pucangsawit Village, Jebres, Surakarta who experienced joint pain due to gout, carried out once every morning for 3 consecutive days within 20 minutes.  Results: there was a decrease in the intensity of gout pain after giving therapy to Mrs.  Y from a pain scale of 6 to a pain scale of 3 and in Mrs.  M from a pain scale of 5 to a pain scale of 2. Conclusion: the application showed that after applying a warm compress on Moringa leaves there was a change in the intensity of pain in both respondents.

Breast swelling in post partum mothers if not immediately resolved will cause mastitis and breast abscess. There are 32.6% of infants in Jawa Tengah who have not met exclusive breastfeeding with the main factor due to breast swelling. One of the non-pharmacological therapies used is cabbage leaf compress. This study describes the comparison of the development of breast swelling scale before and after the application of cabbage leaf compress. This research uses a case study of 2 respondents carried out for 3 consecutive days in the morning and evening with a duration of 15-20 minutes. the application of cabbage leaf compresses on both respondents obtained comparative results, namely in Mrs. A breast swelling scale 1 and in Mrs. T scale 2. The results of the study can be concluded that there is an effect of cabbage leaf compresses on the scale of breast swelling in both respondents.

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a disease of the wrist caused by repetitive movements in an abnormal position continuously and for a long time, so that the median nerve in the wrist becomes pinched or compressed. Risk factors that may influence the event CTS include age, gender, and occupational factors. The problem experienced by the patient is pain in the wrist, tingling in the palms that spreads to the fingers. Therefore the provision of interventions using ultrasound aims to reduce pain, andexercise therapy aims to increase the range of motion of the joints, increase muscle strength, and restore functional activity.

AEFI or Post-Immunization Adverse Event is a medical condition that is assumed to be related to immunization. Reactions that arise due to AEFI include high fever, abscesses/festering, seizures. The 2018 Lampung Provincial Health Office report noted that 32.6% experienced AEFI with the largest number being those experiencing high fever, namely 29.5%, festering 8.3%, seizures 0.97%, and others 0.57%. Reducing or controlling and controlling fever in children can be done in various ways, including pharmacologically and physically (non-pharmacologically), namely by using heat energy through conduction and evaporation methods. the effect of onion compress on reducing the baby's body temperature during fever after DPT immunization at PMB Yunita Vero Miza Lampung in 2024. Type of analytical survey research with a Post test Only Control Design approach. The research results showed a decrease in baby's body temperature after DPT immunization in the intervention group and control group after being given shallot compress with an average difference of 1.060. The results of the paired t-test obtained a p value = value 0.000 (p <0.05). there is an effect of onion compress on reducing the baby's body temperature during fever after DPT immunization at PMB Yunita Vero Miza Lampung

The third trimester of pregnancy is the final trimester of pregnancy, in this period the fetus grows within a period of 29-40 weeks, where this period is the time to prepare for childbirth. During the pregnancy process, physical and psychological changes will occur. Physical changes can cause discomfort such as pain in the symphysis pubis. Pubic symphysis pain occurs because during pregnancy there will be an increase in the height of the uterine fundus. Efforts to alleviate pubic symphysis pain include warm compresses and peppermint aromatherapy. This study aims to determine the effect of warm compresses and peppermint aromatherapy on pubic symphysis pain in third trimester pregnant women. This is a quantitative study with a quasi-experimental design using approach one group pretest-posttest design without control group. The total sample consisted of 66 third trimester pregnant women, selected using a purposive sampling technique. The Wilcoxon test results showed a significant effect of warm compresses and peppermint aromatherapy on reducing pubic symphysis pain, with a p-value of 0.000 (≤ 0.05). Warm compresses and peppermint aromatherapy can be used as nursing interventions to reduce pubic symphysis pain in third trimester pregnant women.

The purpose of collecting invoices at PT. ABC is to ensure that all transactions are well documented and to ensure the completeness of transaction data for the purposes of financial recording and reporting. The use of invoices in preparing financial reports is the main basis that must be used at PT. ABC. Invoices allow companies to monitor and manage transactions more effectively, as well as facilitate the accounting and financial management processes. This study was conducted using qualitative methods and using data collection techniques through interviews to understand in depth the process of preparing invoice-based financial reports at PT. ABC. This approach was chosen because it allows researchers to dig up information in detail and understand the context and dynamics in the financial reporting system. PT. ABC, a private company engaged in the field of CNG (Compressed Natural Gas) Supplier, requires an effective system to manage and organize financial data related to sales and expenditure transactions.  

A fracture is an interrupted occurrence of bone continuity determined by the type and extent of the injury. One of his treatments is Open Reduction and Internal Fixation (ORIF). A common problem in post-operative patients is pain, so it requires non-pharmacological implementation of one of which is compressed ice gel pack. To find out the results of ice gel pack compression therapy in post-operative patients. The application was performed with a descriptive method of case study to 2 respondents with a diagnosis of fracture and performed the operation Open Reduction and Internal Fixation (ORIF) performed 6 hours after the operation for 1x within 10-15 minutes. Based on the results of the application already performed there was a decrease in the intensity of pain in postoperative patients. ice gel pack compression therapy can be used as one of the non-pharmacological techniques or independent intervention in post-operative patients in particular on the action Open Reduction and Internal Fixation (ORIF)

The incidence of fever following DPT (Difteri Pertusis Tetanus) immunisation is relatively high, often necessitating treatment with fever-reducing drugs, which may have adverse effects on infants. Therefore, non-pharmacological methods that are effective, safe, economical, and practical are essential. This research aims to investigate the effectiveness of an onion compress combined with virgin coconut oil (VCO) in reducing body temperature in infants following DPT immunization. The study employed a quasi-experimental method with a one-group pre-test and post-test design. The study population consisted of infants who received DPT immunization in the midwife's independent practice (PMB) working area at the Pudak Payung Health Centre, Semarang, with a total sample size of 48 infants selected via purposive sampling. Data were collected through observation, analysed using descriptive statistics, and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Prior to the intervention, 47 infants (45.92%) exhibited fever, and 1 infant (2.08%) had a high fever post-immunisation. Following the application of the shallot compress with VCO, all infants (100%) showed a reduction in body temperature, with none experiencing fever thereafter. The analysis indicated a significant effect of the onion compress combined with VCO on reducing body temperature (Z = -6.042, p < 0.01). The average body temperature of infants post-DPT immunisation decreased from a mean of 38.5°C before the intervention to 37°C afterwards. In conclusion, the use of an onion compress with VCO effectively reduces body temperature in infants following DPT immunization. This non-pharmacological approach presents a promising alternative to conventional fever management strategies.

In the plastic molding industry, there is a compression molding process to make shoulder tubes for cosmetic products. This research was to determine the effect of dosage duration and press station down parameters on unmolded defects in shoulder extrusion tube products. This research method uses quantitative with an experimental approach. This method is carried out by varying parameter setting dosage duration of 0.25s, 0.30s, 0.35s and press station down of 4 bar, 5 bar, 6 bar. The result od the study found that the parameters of dosage duration, press station down and the interaction of the two variables have a significant effect on unmolded defects. The higher the dosage duration and press station down, the unmolded defects decrease as indicated by the average product weight meeting the standard. The lower two parameters, the more unmolded defects occur, indicating that the average product weight not meet the standard weight tolerance of good products.

This research is to direct the mixture of air and fuel exactly to the top of the midpoint of the dome in the cylinder head. In addition, Squish Head also determines the character of the motorcycle. Moreover, what is very prominent in the initial pull is that if the compression ratio is denser, the pull is lighter. This study aims to determine the effect of changes in the slope angle of the squish head of 15, 17 and 19 degrees on compression and torque. In this study, experimental research is used with a quantitative method, where information that can be calculated and measured is factual because it is in the form of numbers. Researchers to get the data will conduct tests using the dynotest tool. Changes in the slope of the squish head have an effect on the torque. At an angle of 15 degrees, torque is produced at 9.91 N.m at 6000 RPM engine rotation. Then at an angle slope of 17 degrees, the torque increases by 0.14 N.m to 10.05 N.m at 6000 RPM engine rotation. At an angle of 19 degrees, the torque increases by 0.17 N.m to 10.22 N.m at 6000 rpm.

Menstruation or menstruation is a sign that the reproductive system and organs in women are functioning. Menstruation causes various complaints such as discomfort caused by excessive bleeding during menstruation and complaints of pain known as dysmenorrhoea. Around 55 percent of women of childbearing age in Indonesia suffer from menstrual pain. Non-pharmacological therapies that can treat dysmenorrhoea are warm compresses and ginger aromatherapy. The aim of the research was to determine the effectiveness of ginger aromatherapy and warm compresses on menstrual pain in adolescents. The research design uses a quasi-experimental with control group design. The intervention group was given ginger aromatherapy and warm compresses on the first day of menstruation, while the control group was not given any intervention. Data analysis used the Mann Whitney test. The population in this study were all class IX female students at Sriwijaya Middle School, Palembang. The sampling technique used purposive sampling totaling 30 respondents. The menstrual pain scale uses the Numeric Ratting Scale (NRS). The results of the Mann Whitney test obtained a p value of 0.001, meaning that there was a difference in the pain scale in the intervention group that was given ginger aromatherapy and warm compresses for menstrual pain in teenagers compared to the control group that was not given the intervention. It is recommended that health workers intensify education regarding complementary therapies in reducing menstrual pain in adolescents.