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Accurate paddy field area data is a crucial factor in agricultural development planning, particularly as a basis for formulating data-driven programs and policies. One of the main problems encountered at the regional level is the continued reliance on administrative data that does not fully reflect actual field conditions due to land use changes, boundary inaccuracies, and limited verification processes. This study aims to determine an appropriate method for obtaining accurate paddy field area data through the application of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in Maros Regency. The research employed a descriptive quantitative approach using spatial analysis methods. The data utilized consisted of Paddy Field Base Data, National Geospatial Base Maps, high-resolution satellite imagery, and field verification data. Spatial analysis was conducted through digitization, overlay, intersect, and area calculation processes using ArcMap 10.8 software. The results indicate that GIS-based spatial analysis produces more accurate and verified paddy field area data compared to conventional administrative data. The integration of spatial data with field verification effectively minimizes measurement errors and boundary discrepancies. This method can serve as a reliable reference for providing accurate agricultural base data to support planning and policy-making in the agricultural sector.

Rice production remains a strategic component in supporting local food security, yet its performance is strongly influenced by the heterogeneity of farmers' characteristics. This study aims to describe the characteristics of rice farmers in Tonra District and analyze their implications for the formulation of agricultural extension programs. Using a descriptive quantitative approach with 100 respondents selected proportionally from eleven villages, the research examines key variables including land size, seed use, fertilizer application, age, education level, and farming experience. The findings reveal clear variations in productivity among farmers, where higher production is generally associated with larger landholding, optimal input use, productive age groups, higher educational attainment, and moderate farming experience. These patterns highlight how farmers' demographic and agronomic characteristics shape their management capacity and adoption of recommended practices. The study emphasizes that extension programs must be designed based on farmers’ actual profiles to enhance relevance and effectiveness. Tailored strategies—such as visual communication for low-education groups, mechanization support for senior farmers, and input-use optimization training—are necessary to improve productivity outcomes. The results provide an important basis for developing more targeted, responsive, and sustainable agricultural extension programming at the district level.

The financial sector plays an important role in promoting Indonesia's economic recovery. This study was conducted to determine the effect of credit to priority sectors on economic growth on the island of Sumatera. The data analysis technique used is dynamic panel data regression analysis with the system-GMM approach. The results of this study indicate that credit for the agricultural, forestry, and fishery sectors; manufacturing sector; the accommodation and food and drink provision sector can increase economic growth on the island of Sumatera, while the construction sector credit; wholesale and retail trade sector; and the transportation and warehousing sectors have a negative influence on economic growth. This shows that the credit of the banking sector has a positive and negative influence on economic growth on the island of Sumatera. Therefore, banks and the government are expected to increase financial literacy to the community and improve internet facilities, especially in rural areas.

This study aims to analyze the institutional effectiveness of Women Farmers Groups (Kelompok Wanita Tani/KWT) in enhancing members’ capacity and their role in agricultural enterprise development in Puulemo Village, Kolaka Regency. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed, with data collected through field observations, in-depth interviews with KWT leaders and members, and a review of relevant secondary data. Data were analyzed inductively through data reduction, data display, and thematic conclusion drawing.The findings indicate that the institutional effectiveness of the KWT is categorized as moderately effective, as reflected in a clear organizational structure, relatively high member participation, and the implementation of various capacity-building activities, including organic fertilizer production, horticultural cultivation, local food processing, and basic marketing practices. These activities have positively contributed to improving members’ knowledge, skills, and economic independence. However, institutional effectiveness has not been fully optimized due to limited post-training assistance, low digital literacy, and inadequate utilization of information technology for business development and product marketing.Furthermore, the KWT plays a strategic role in agricultural enterprise development through production activities, value-added processing, and local-scale marketing, which contribute to increasing household income. This study highlights the importance of strengthening institutional capacity, improving human resources, and optimizing the use of information technology and digital marketing to enhance the sustainability of KWT as a driver of rural women’s economic empowerment and local food security.

This community service program was conducted in Manarap Baru Village, Banjar Regency, South Kalimantan, focusing on the utilization of rice husks as a planting medium to promote creative economic development. The background of this initiative stems from the local soil conditions, which are predominantly fill soil and swamp, making it less suitable for plant cultivation. Additionally, the community—especially housewives—faces limited knowledge and resources in processing agricultural waste into economically valuable products. The implementation methods included preliminary surveys, socialization, educational outreach, hands-on practice, and evaluation. The materials delivered covered the benefits of rice husks as planting media and compost, techniques for converting husks into charcoal, and business opportunities derived from processed husk products.The results of the program showed a significant improvement in participants' understanding of independent planting media and compost production, reduced reliance on commercial products, and the emergence of new business opportunities that support sustainable agriculture.

Choosing a strategic business location is a key factor in building a successful enterprise, especially in Lautem Municipality, Timor-Leste. This area presents various opportunities for businesses such as grocery shops, small restaurants, repair workshops, and agricultural ventures. However, entrepreneurs often face challenges like poor road infrastructure, limited purchasing power, and inadequate transport access. This study developed a web-based Decision Support System (DSS) using the ELECTRE method to help business owners select the most suitable location. The system evaluates multiple location options based on important criteria such as population density, transportation access, and economic activity. By using this approach, entrepreneurs can reduce the risk of choosing an unprofitable location and improve their chances of success. The results show that implementing the ELECTRE method in a DSS is effective for identifying optimal business sites. These findings are expected to serve as a practical reference for entrepreneurs in Lospalos and nearby areas, while also supporting local economic development in the region.

Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) are regulated in Article 1 Paragraph (6) of the Regulation of the Minister of Home Affairs Number 39 of 2010, which states that BUMDes is a business formed by the village government with its ownership and management involving the village government and the community. BUMDesa Kareka Nduku, although it functions as a village economic empowerment institution, faces a number of challenges in its operations. Some of the main problems faced are difficulties in recording agricultural assets and tools, as well as the insynchronization between stock records in warehouses and records in the treasurer, which leads to frequent shortages of fertilizer and insecticide stocks. In addition, the manual recording process for capital and business loans causes the creation of monthly reports to take a long time, even more than an hour, and there are often errors because officers have to check daily reports from various fields. This resulted in delays in making reports that should have been submitted by the BUMDes.

This community service program aims to empower rural women through training in making steamed buns (bakpao) using yellow sweet potatoes in Sambirejo Village, Ngrambe District, Ngawi Regency. Yellow sweet potatoes are one of the abundant local agricultural products, yet their utilization has been limited to household consumption. Through this program, yellow sweet potatoes were processed into innovative food products in the form of bakpao, which provide nutritional value, consumer appeal, and economic opportunities. The method applied was Asset Based Community Development (ABCD) with a participatory approach, emphasizing the use of local assets and the active involvement of community members. The stages included asset identification, technical training through demonstration, hands-on practice, and evaluation. Participants were drawn from PKK women and local micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs). The results showed significant improvements in participants’ knowledge of local food diversification, technical skills in processing yellow sweet potatoes, and entrepreneurial motivation to initiate home-based businesses. In addition, the training encouraged participants’ creativity in developing more varied local food products. Therefore, the program not only contributed to women’s empowerment but also strengthened MSMEs, promoted local food innovation, and supported community economic independence.

This Community Service Program (PKM) was implemented in Siantar Martoba, Pematangsiantar City, with the aim of enhancing the local economy through empowering farmer groups in optimizing backyard land. The program is a collaboration between Universitas Murni Teguh PSDKU Pematangsiantar, Politeknik Bisnis Indonesia, and the Food Security and Agriculture Office of Pematangsiantar City, attended by 15 farmers on July 4, 2025. The resource person, Henry Dunan Pardede, S.P., M.M., provided training on cultivating high-value crops such as California Papaya and Caplak Chili. The activities consisted of preparation, training, field assistance, and distribution of seedlings. The results showed an improvement in skills, entrepreneurial motivation, and more productive use of backyard land. This program also contributed to the achievement of SDGs point 1 (No Poverty), point 2 (Zero Hunger), and point 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth) by strengthening the local economy based on agricultural potential. With a community-based approach, this program successfully increased food security, household income, and the sustainability of agricultural practices, while demonstrating the effectiveness of empowerment that can be extended to other areas facing similar challenges.

This community service program aims to empower rural women through training in making steamed buns (bakpao) using yellow sweet potatoes in Sambirejo Village, Ngrambe District, Ngawi Regency. Yellow sweet potatoes are one of the abundant local agricultural products, yet their utilization has been limited to household consumption. Through this program, yellow sweet potatoes were processed into innovative food products in the form of bakpao, which provide nutritional value, consumer appeal, and economic opportunities. The method applied was Asset Based Community Development (ABCD) with a participatory approach, emphasizing the use of local assets and the active involvement of community members. The stages included asset identification, technical training through demonstration, hands-on practice, and evaluation. Participants were drawn from PKK women and local micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs). The results showed significant improvements in participants’ knowledge of local food diversification, technical skills in processing yellow sweet potatoes, and entrepreneurial motivation to initiate home-based businesses. In addition, the training encouraged participants’ creativity in developing more varied local food products. Therefore, the program not only contributed to women’s empowerment but also strengthened MSMEs, promoted local food innovation, and supported community economic independence.

Agricultural practices that take local wisdom into account can provide significant benefits to the environment and society. Local wisdom plays a crucial role in sustainable agricultural practices. Time-tested knowledge and practices can provide solutions to the challenges faced by modern farmers, particularly in the context of climate change and environmental degradation. However, despite extensive research, a significant research gap remains, specifically how local wisdom in the Tumbang Datu Valley can be integrated into broader agricultural policies. The research used was descriptive with a qualitative approach. Qualitative research aims to understand social phenomena from the perspective of participants. Initial informants were selected purposively, selecting informants deemed to have extensive knowledge of the conditions in the village under study, using a snowball sampling technique. The first step was to identify key informants, who in this study consisted of 16 traditional leaders and farmers familiar with the culture in Lembang Tumbang Datu and directly involved in the practice. The local wisdom in the rice farming process, from pre-planting, planting, maintenance, to harvesting and post-harvest, is implemented based on ancestral heritage in line with environmental conservation. Farmers demonstrate their concern for nature through natural soil cultivation, selection of superior seeds, use of organic fertilizers, and implementation of efficient planting and irrigation systems. The application of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) and post-harvest technology demonstrates the farmers' ability to adapt to innovation while maintaining local wisdom. Overall, the rice farming system in Lembang Tumbang Datu demonstrates the synergy between tradition and modernity, supporting food security while preserving cultural heritage.

This study evaluates the retrofit design of the Semat weir on the Kali Gawe in Jepara Regency. The retrofit aims to adjust the weir’s hydraulic capacity to accommodate estimated flood discharges while ensuring the structure’s stability under applied loads. In the agricultural context, adequate water availability for irrigation directly affects crop yields; conversely, the rainy season often increases river flow and flood risk. Irrigation structures such as weirs are therefore required to raise river water levels to divert flow into irrigation channels and to regulate water distribution. Flood discharge estimates were derived from precipitation data and watershed (drainage basin) characteristics. Flood hydrograph planning is a critical design step for the weir. Log-Pearson Type III analysis was used to determine probable precipitation values for several recurrence intervals. Those design precipitation values were then converted into design flood discharges using synthetic unit hydrograph methods, specifically the Snyder, Nakayasu, and Gamma HSS approaches. Employing the Gamma synthetic unit hydrograph for the 50-year return period (Q50) produced a design flood discharge of 2,536.52 m³/s for that recurrence interval. Structural stability analyses of the redesigned weir indicate safety factors well above customary thresholds: overturning resistance factor = 11.6 (required ≥ 1.5), sliding resistance factor = 4.80 (required ≥ 2.0), and piping (internal erosion) factor = infinite (required ≥ 4). All evaluated stability parameters therefore satisfy standard safety criteria.

An educational activity on the use of agricultural waste as animal feed through fermentation technology was held in Kapedi Village, Bluto Subdistrict, Sumenep Regency. The aim of this activity was to improve farmers' understanding and skills in processing agricultural waste, such as rice straw and corn cobs, into alternative feed that is highly nutritious and environmentally friendly. The methods used included interactive extension, practical fermentation feed production, discussion, and evaluation. The results showed high enthusiasm among participants, increased knowledge about fermentation technology, and successful production of fermented feed that was liked by livestock and had the potential to increase productivity. The main obstacles, namely limited initial knowledge and the length of fermentation time, could be overcome with technical assistance. This extension not only provides an economical and high-quality livestock feed solution but also supports sustainable agricultural waste management. It is recommended that fermentation materials be facilitated, advanced training be provided, and socialisation be carried out in other villages so that the benefits of this technology can be expanded.

Dependence on chemical fertilizers has caused a decline in soil quality, groundwater contamination, and rising agricultural production costs due to unstable fertilizer prices. In recent years, frequent fertilizer crises have revealed the fragility of reliance on inorganic fertilizers within the national agricultural system. Hence, a transformation toward environmentally friendly and sustainable agriculture is urgently required. This study employed a scoring technique to analyze field observation data, which were narrated based on the written methodology. Respondents’ answers were categorized and classified according to their assumptions or opinions, with scores determined using a Likert scale. The Likert scale measures attitudes, opinions, and perceptions of individuals or groups regarding specific social phenomena. The results showed that key driving factors—such as affordable fertilizer prices, support from agricultural extension workers, and social encouragement from the community—achieved scores above 82%. This finding indicates that external conditions are quite favorable for promoting the use of organic fertilizers. However, major challenges remain, including the limited availability of organic fertilizers in the field and farmers’ long-standing dependency on chemical fertilizers. To address these challenges, it is essential to enhance the market availability of liquid organic fertilizers (POC) through collaboration between producers and farmer groups. Continuous technical assistance should be provided, including demonstration plots that display tangible improvements in rice yields using POC. Furthermore, government support in the form of targeted subsidies or special incentives for farmers transitioning to organic fertilizers is vital, while strengthening the role of farmer groups and agricultural extension workers as catalysts for the adoption of environmentally friendly innovations.

This community service article presents the implementation of the GELORA outreach and training program conducted in Sebanen Village, Jember, Indonesia, focusing on the promotion of low-cost and eco-friendly fermented feeds formulated from locally available agricultural residues such as papaya leaves, rice bran, molasses, and EM4. The program aimed to strengthen the capacity of smallholder catfish farmers and the village enterprise (BUMDes) through a series of integrated activities including a rapid needs assessment, hands-on training sessions, technical mentoring, and knowledge dissemination. As a result, participants demonstrated improved technical skills in household-scale feed formulation and fermentation, a stronger understanding of sustainable and circular economy principles, and an increased willingness to adopt environmentally friendly aquaculture practices. Moreover, follow-up mentoring groups were established to ensure program continuity and local innovation. This participatory model effectively combines community engagement with scientific evidence in aquaculture nutrition and is suitable for replication in other rural aquaculture development contexts.

Malnutrition issues such as stunting remain a serious problem in Dieng Village, despite the area's great potential in the agricultural sector. The main factors causing stunting include a lack of community knowledge about nutrition, low compliance with posyandu activities, and suboptimal food processing. This community service activity aims to increase the knowledge of mothers with stunted toddlers and pregnant women with Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) about balanced nutrition and stunting prevention efforts. The program targets 18 mothers with stunted toddlers and 2 pregnant women with CED. The activities included counseling sessions on the three types of food, balanced nutrition guidelines, and the importance of posyandu, using leaflets as media, followed by a cooking demonstration on how to make chicken and tofu nuggets as a high-protein menu that is easy to make. Based on the evaluation results, there was a significant increase in participants' knowledge, from an average pre-test score of 65% to 97.5% on the post-test. In addition, the enthusiasm and active participation of participants during the question and answer session showed that the combination of theoretical education and hands-on practice was effective in increasing awareness and understanding of nutrition and stunting prevention.

The Sustainable Food Yard Program (P2L) has great potential in improving food security and women's empowerment, but there are still gaps related to the effectiveness of the program in areas with certain geographical and social characteristics such as Kalolok Village, therefore this study is expected to provide theoretical contributions in the development of community-based empowerment models as well as practical contributions for village governments and stakeholders in designing sustainable empowerment strategies. This study uses the SWOT Analysis Method (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats Analysis). SWOT is used to evaluate the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the empowerment strategy applied to the Women Farmers Group (KWT) in the Context of the P2L Program in Batupapan Village. The results of the study using SWOT analysis The results of the IFAS analysis (2.67) and EFAS (2.57) indicate that the position of KWT Kalolok is in Quadrant I (Aggressive Strategy). This means that the group possesses significant internal strength and is supported by significant external opportunities. Therefore, development strategies need to focus on cultivation expansion, commodity diversification, technological innovation, marketing strengthening, and institutional development and internal capital. Therefore, developing cultivation innovations such as vertical farming/hydroponics is necessary to maximize limited land and providing intensive mentoring to assist in marketing produce through villages, village-owned enterprises (BUMDes), and local MSME networks.  

Along with the development of the times and increasingly competitive market demands, there is an urgent need to develop post-harvest handling strategies based on technological innovation, strengthening farmer capacity, and developing supporting infrastructure in Makale District. This strategy not only aims to reduce the level of yield loss, but also increase product added value, expand market access, and encourage agricultural-based regional economic growth. This study uses the SWOT Analysis Method used to evaluate strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats in the implementation of rice post-harvest handling strategies. The results of this analysis can be used to formulate recommendations for more effective and sustainable strategies for farmers and other stakeholders. The results of the study by carrying out a SWOT analysis include strengths including long experience, farmer group socialization, quality awareness, weaknesses including dominant age old, limited capital, traditional methods, high yield loss, opportunities including government programs, local rice demand, the role of extension workers, the availability of appropriate technology and Threats including extreme weather, competition with modern areas, limited infrastructure, low farmer regeneration. This study emphasizes the importance of transforming harvest-post-harvest practices from traditional to semi-modern based on farmer groups. A combination of training, provision of tools and ongoing support is essential to reduce yield losses, improve grain quality and maintain agricultural sustainability in Tana Toraja.

The use of technology in rice farming can significantly increase production, reduce management time, expand cultivated land, and improve product quality to meet consumer standards. When rice production meets market demand, the selling price becomes higher, thus increasing farmers’ income and welfare. The presence of farmer groups plays a vital role as a learning forum for gaining knowledge, implementing agricultural technology, and facilitating access to agricultural tools and machinery. This enables farmers to apply technology effectively, improve work efficiency, and address challenges in rice farming. Considering the great potential of this region for rice cultivation, supported by growing local food demand and the national food security program, technology implementation becomes essential. This study employed the Likert scale method to measure farmers’ attitudes, opinions, and perceptions, with samples collected through purposive sampling. The findings show that the role of farmer groups in implementing rice farming technology in the Misa Kada (Advanced) group reached 74.91%, while the Ta’pan Kila’ (Beginner) group reached 66.07%. This indicates that farmer groups have contributed effectively, though some activities remain suboptimal. Strengthening learning class programs is the most strategic effort to enhance farmers’ understanding of agricultural technology, improve productivity, and maintain Tana Toraja’s cultural values.

This community service activity aims to empower the Galansia Business Group in Sait Buttu Saribu Village, Pematang Sidamanik District, Simalungun Regency, which is engaged in the processing of agricultural products and household products. The main problems faced by the partners include limited production capacity, inconsistent product quality, simple business management, and traditional marketing methods. To overcome these problems, the community service team applied a participatory approach by providing appropriate technology, business management assistance, and digital marketing training. The results of the activities showed a significant increase in production capacity, time efficiency, and product quality consistency thanks to the use of onion slicing machines and liquid soap mixing machines. In terms of marketing, the partners successfully utilized social media as a means of promotion and distribution, and improved product packaging to make it more attractive and professional. In terms of management, the partners were able to implement simple digital-based financial records and were facilitated in handling business legality. The impact achieved was an increase in members' income of more than 50% and the growth of entrepreneurial spirit among the village's elderly. This program has proven to be effective in supporting business independence and can be used as a model for community-based MSME empowerment in the digital era.