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Online learning has become a significant trend in modern education. The basic concept of learning in online learning plays a key role in dealing with the challenges and problems that arise along with technological development.  The main trend in online learning involves increased accessibility and flexibility. Technological advances allow learners to access course materials from anywhere and at any time. However, emerging issues include lack of social interaction and feelings of isolation. The basic concept of effective learning in online learning should address these issues. This research aims to examine the basic concept of learning in online learning: trends, problems and solutions. This research uses qualitative method with literature study taken from various sources, including print media, electronic media, books and electronic journals. The research technique is done through exploration and journal search through Google Scholar related to the basic concept of learning in online learning. As for primary and secondary sources in the form of scientific papers that have been published with a high credibility index, namely Sinta 2 to Sinta 5. The results of data analysis are taken from a literature review by means of researchers collecting data, and complete information from various data collection procedures and with a specified time. The collected data is analyzed by using descriptive method to reveal the facts of events written in statements derived from the data sources studied. The results show that, online learning is a growing trend in education. The basic concept of effective learning should consider accessibility, interaction, motivation, and evaluation. Careful solutions are recommended to overcome the problems that arise in online learning and ensure a meaningful learning experience for all participants.

Incidents in water areas often pose major challenges in terms of handling victims and rescue, especially because environmental conditions are dynamic and difficult to reach. The main problem that needs to be addressed is how to provide an effective and timely response to incidents in waters, so that victims can get help quickly and the number of missing victims can be minimized. In addition, it is also important to ensure that rescued victims receive adequate care and assistance to ensure their safety and health. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to identify and in-depth analysis of methods and strategies that can be used in handling victims of incidents in water areas. This includes developing systems or procedures that are effective in providing assistance, as well as minimizing difficulties in finding missing victims. By better understanding the dynamics of incidents in water areas and the factors that influence victim safety, it is hoped that more effective strategies can be developed in dealing with emergency situations in water areas.

Occupational Safety and Health (K3) is a field that is involved in the safety, health and welfare of people who work in a project or institution. The ultimate goal of implementing Occupational Safety and Health is to maintain safety and health in the work environment. Occupational Safety and Health (K3) practices are carried out with several efforts, including prevention, providing sanctions and compensation, wound healing and care for workers, as well as providing health care and sick leave to workers. Even though the government has issued requirements and regulations governing the protection of workers, in reality the implementation of work or a project still involves neglect of requirements and regulations related to Occupational Safety and Health (K3) due to the lack of awareness of project implementers regarding the magnitude of the risks that must be borne by workers and companies. naturally. It is hoped that updating work procedures will provide warnings as well as new work habits so that previous incidents do not happen again. Activities like this must also be carried out periodically and consistently by continuing to develop monitoring and supervising work implementation methods that are based on an appropriate Occupational Safety and Health system.

Quality control review of concrete at PT. Merak Jaya Beton is important to ensure that the work carried out meets quality standards and is implemented according to existing procedures. PT. Merak Jaya Beton is one of the companies in Indonesia that produces precast concrete. At PT. Merak Jaya Beton, quality is highly regarded from trials before being taken to projects (trial mix and F’c)to construction projects (Slump tests), checking the proportions of mixtures and uniformity of basic materials at the batching plant, to hammer test checks. The process of selecting the right concrete materials can determine the amount or quantity of dependency on materials considering the quality requirements of the concrete used. Several specifications of ready-mix concrete are produced to meet the specifications demands from clients. Meanwhile, for material quantity planning based on the production volume to be implemented, it includes material needs, ordering cycles, and the amount of orders. In concrete mixtures, there are materials added during the Mixing process (admixtures), this is aimed to alter the properties of concrete to make it more suitable and cost-effective.

Old Age Security (JHT) is an important program in the social security system in Indonesia which is organized by the Employment Social Security Administering Agency (BPJS). Despite being a vital form of social protection, JHT claims management is often in the spotlight due to the various challenges it faces, including effectiveness, efficiency and fairness in disbursement of claims. In this context, this research aims to analyze JHT claims management at the Pratama Rantau Prapat BPJS Employment Branch Office. This study uses a qualitative research method with a case study approach. Data was collected through direct observation, interviews with officers and participants, as well as analysis of documents related to the claims process. The research results show that the JHT claims process faces various challenges, including the long time it takes to complete a claim, a lack of transparency and communication, and gaps in understanding between participants and officers. The conclusion of this research is that significant improvements are needed in JHT claims management. Recommendations for improvement include increasing process efficiency, increasing transparency and communication, and simplifying claims procedures. Implementation of these recommendations is expected to improve the quality of JHT claims services and provide greater benefits for participants in their preparation for a more financially secure retirement.

The purpose of this study was to determine the authority of the village head in fostering community peace and order in the village and to determine and examine the inhibiting factors of the village head's authority in fostering community peace and order in Bodae village and Keliha village. This research uses an empirical juridical approach method, namely the methods and procedures used to solve problems, this research first examines secondary data, then proceeds to conduct research on primary data in the field. The results of the research The authority of the Village Head in fostering the peace and order of the village community has not been carried out effectively, this is because there are several things behind it, namely the theft cases that occur because the environmental security system is not implemented effectively, unguarded livestock such as oxen that enter the residents' garden yards to cause losses to the farming community, chicken gambling can disturb the order of the village community. The inhibiting factors of the authority of the village head are the low level of human resources, the ineffective implementation of the environmental security system, the lack of understanding of the community in understanding order in the village environment.  

Early Breastfeeding Initiation is the process of allowing the baby to breastfeed on its own immediately after birth. This is nature and a gift from God that has been arranged for us. Doing it is also not difficult, it only takes about one to two hours. IMD must be carried out immediately at birth, without delaying weighing or measuring the baby. Babies should also not be cleaned, only dried except for their hands. This process must take place skin to skin between baby and mother. This research uses an analytical type of research with a retrospective research design. The research aims to determine the relationship between early initiation of breastfeeding (IMD) and exclusive breastfeeding at the Sonomartani Community Health Center. Based on the data in table 4.3, it can be seen that 5 respondents (38.5%) did not practice IMD but did not provide exclusive breastfeeding and 8 respondents (61.5%) did not practice IMD but did not provide exclusive breastfeeding. Carrying out IMD and providing exclusive breastfeeding was 21 respondents (95.5%). The statistical test results of the chi square test obtained a p value = 0.000, so it can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between Early Breastfeeding Initiation (IMD) and exclusive breastfeeding, namely Ha received. The importance of giving birth in a health service is to avoid sudden emergencies that can cause complications and to provide care according to procedures. This is in line with research by Norhana, Arifin and Yulidasari (2016) that mothers who give birth in health facilities are 15,167 times more likely to carry out IMD. Of the 20 respondents who successfully carried out IMD, 19 respondents (95%) were accompanied by their husbands and family when giving birth and 17 respondents (84%) of them succeeded in providing exclusive breastfeeding. Husband and family support play an important role in managing IMD and building maternal self-confidence. The relationship between early initiation of breastfeeding (IMD) and exclusive breastfeeding at the Sonomartani Community Health Center in 2022" with a total of 35 respondents and data processing that has been carried out using SPSS, it can be concluded that the chi square test value is p < 0.05, meaning that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted: Based on the research results, the majority of respondents who carried out Early Breastfeeding Initiation (IMD) were 22 respondents (62.9%). Based on the research results, the majority who gave exclusive breastfeeding were 26 respondents (74.3%). Based on the research results, there is a relationship between carrying out IMD and providing exclusive breastfeeding. The statistical test results obtained a chi square test value (p < 0.05) with a value of 0.000.  

Vocational training in Indonesia is organised based on cooperation or mutual agreement between educational institutions and companies. This research highlights the unavailability of legal regulations that specifically protect vocational trainees. The lack of specific regulations causes the implementation of existing labour regulations to be limited to companies where vocational training is held. Through this normative jurisprudence research, it can be seen that the vacuum legis condition, namely the existence of a vacuum of specific legal rules, has begun to have a solution. The Indonesian government has actually started to improve the quality of human resources through vocational education and training by making three new regulations related to vocational training. There are three new regulations that have been issued, namely: Presidential Regulation No. 68 of 2033 concerning Revitalisation of Vocational Education and Vocational Training issued on 27 April 2022. Coordinating Minister for Human Development and Culture Regulation No. 5 of 2022 governing the Organisation and Working Procedures of the National Coordination Team for Revitalising Vocational Education and Vocational Training, promulgated on 14 September 2022. Coordinating Minister for Human Development and Culture Regulation No. 6 of 2022 on the National Strategy for Vocational Education and Vocational Training, also promulgated on 14 September 2022. It is expected that these regulations can be implemented to protect the individual rights of prospective workers in vocational training in Indonesia.

This research investigates safety and health in the work environment of development projects in North Sumatra with a focus on PT Indomaret as a case study. The research method used involves a qualitative approach and literature analysis. Through in-depth interviews and field observations, key challenges were identified including lack of awareness and compliance with work safety procedures as well as the need for skills training. Environmental and technical factors, such as weather conditions and the selection of equipment that meets safety standards, also influence the level of risk. However, effective safety management practices, such as regular meetings and periodic inspections, were also found. The implications of this research emphasize the importance of increasing awareness, selecting appropriate equipment, and effective management practices to create a safe and healthy work environment. Recommendations include implementing regular training, careful risk evaluation, and maintaining effective management practices. This research provides valuable insights for practitioners and researchers in efforts to improve safety and health in the work environment of development projects in North Sumatra.

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern, with Mycobacterium tuberculosis as the causative agent. The emergence of drug-resistant forms, such as Multi-drug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) and Extensive-drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB), poses substantial challenges in TB management. This study focuses on analyzing the cost variations associated with laboratory examinations for MDR-TB and XDR-TB patients undergoing treatment cycles at a tertiary hospital.The methodology involved the inclusion of patients diagnosed with MDR-TB or XDR-TB who underwent a range of laboratory tests during their treatment. A cross-sectional retrospective analytics approach was employed, utilizing medical records from the hospital's MDR division.The results of the study, encompassing 30 MDR-TB patients and 2 XDR-TB patients, revealed significant differences in laboratory examination costs between the MDR-TB and XDR-TB groups (p = 0.018). This disparity underscores the financial burden associated with managing drug-resistant TB variants, particularly in terms of laboratory monitoring and diagnostic procedures.The discussion delves into the implications of these cost variations, highlighting the challenges faced by healthcare systems and patients in resource allocation and financial planning for TB treatment. The findings underscore the importance of cost-effective strategies and optimized laboratory protocols to ensure comprehensive yet affordable care for MDR-TB and XDR-TB patients.In conclusion, this study sheds light on the considerable cost variations in laboratory examinations for MDR-TB and XDR-TB patients, emphasizing the need for efficient resource utilization and targeted interventions to address the financial aspects of managing drug-resistant TB strains effectively.

The importance of rehabilitation for addicts or victims of drug abuse is to heal the physical, mental and mental conditions for addicts and victims of drug abuse. It isvery likely that addicts experience health problems as a result of drug abuse, so that the existence of rehabilitation services or health services will be able to improve the quality of life of addicts or drug abusers. The purpose of this study was to find out the legal regulations regardingrehabilitation, implementation of rehabilitation for narcotics convicts in class IIB Tanjung Pura and the role of class II Bprison in tanjung Pura in rehabilitating fostered residents. This research is included in the descriptive research with the type of empirical juridical research using qualitative analysis methods. From the results of the study it is known that the legal basis and regulations related to the rehabilitation of convicts who abuse narcotics are Law Number 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics, Law Number 12 of 1995 concerning Corrections, Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number 46 of 2012 concerning Procedures for Implementing Medical Rehabilitation For Addicts, Abusers, and Victims of Narcotics Abuse. SEMA Number 4 of 2010, Concerning Placement of Abusers, Victims of Abuse, Narcotics Addicts Into Medical and Social Rehabilitation Institutions and SEMA Number 3 of 2011 concerning Placement of Victims of Narcotics Abuse in Institutions of Medical and Social Rehabilitation. Rehabilitation in Class IIB Tanjung Pura Detention Centre is carried out in the form of medical rehabilitation, non-medical rehabilitation and social rehabilitation with stages in the form of providing initial information and screening and assessment and In carrying out the rehabilitation of inmates by the Tanjung Pura detention Centre Class IIB it has an impact There is a change in behavior and mentality, The emergence of awareness to stop consuming drugs, the emergence of obedience in worship and the percentage of awareness of drug addicts has increased    

Ships is used in trading activities between islands in Indonesia. Discharge is one of the most important activities in trading. Loading and discharge activities include document preparation, preparation of discharge equipment, preparation of the required workforce, preparation for the discharge, preparation for the actual discharge and the completion of discharge activities. This study discusses preparation procedures for coal discharging and the process of the actual coal discharge by PT Anugerah Jaya Mandiri Tubanan Bangkit. The data collection methods used in this study were observation, interviews, and library research. In this study, we can find out about the documents in the process of coal discharge and the process of carrying out coal discharge. PT. Anugerah Jaya Mandiri Tubanan Bangkit Jepara collaborates with various parties involved in the cargo unloading process. The process that must be gone through is the stevedoring and cargodoring process or moving the coal after it is unloaded from the ship.

This research aims to examine internal conflict management in organizations through narrative analysis of crisis communication. Qualitative methods were used to understand the causes of conflict, crisis management strategies, leadership roles, the impact of conflict, communication techniques used, and policies and procedures implemented in the organization. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis. The results revealed that internal conflicts are often caused by differences in interests, lack of effective communication, and organizational change. Effective crisis management strategies involve open communication, mediation, and a proactive approach. Responsive and thoughtful leadership plays a key role in conflict resolution. Poorly managed conflict negatively impacts productivity, employee morale, and team collaboration, and damages the organization's image. Communication techniques such as collaborative approaches and assertive communication are essential in managing crises.  The practical implications of these findings are the need for the development of clear conflict resolution policies, conflict management training, promotion of open communication, and periodic evaluation of policy effectiveness. With a comprehensive approach, organizations can improve work dynamics and strengthen teamwork.

The intense competitiveness in the commercial sector drives this research. Plastic trash in the environment is causing an increasing amount of natural damage. Customers are becoming more demanding when it comes to eco-friendly items. As a result, companies need to adopt green marketing as a new marketing tactic. Companies can get a competitive edge through green marketing by fostering greater customer trust. Young buyers favor things that are good for the environment. The purpose of this study is to determine the degree to which the purchasing decisions of the Class of 2020 Sharia Business Management students at the Faculty of Economics and Islamic Business, State Islamic University (UIN) Sjech M. Djamil Djambek Bukittinggi, are influenced by green marketing and brand image. Quantitative descriptive research is used in this study. Both primary and secondary data were used. With a sample size of 64 respondents, the study's population consisted of users of AQUA products. Data were gathered by questionnaire distribution and observation. Research instrument tests, which include validity and reliability testing, as well as traditional assumption tests, which include tests for heteroscedasticity, multicollinearity, autocorrelation, and normality, were employed in data processing procedures. using the aid of the SPSS22 program. Based on the research findings, it can be inferred that while brand image has a value of 0.00 less than 0.05 or (0.00<0.05), it can be concluded that brand image partially influences purchasing decisions. This is because the company is implementing a new marketing strategy, namely green marketing. The partially green marketing variable has a value of 0.002 which is smaller than 0.05 or (0.002 <0.05). Businesses can gain a competitive edge by using green marketing to enhance their positive consumer perception. It is possible to conclude that green marketing and brand image jointly have a large influence on purchase decisions because they both simultaneously have a computed F value > F table, or 249,499 > 3,148.

This research is motivated by several problems, including the low effectiveness of employee work at the University of Struggle Tasikmalaya, this is thought to be caused by the suboptimal implementation of SOPs carried out by the university so that employee work results are not in accordance with the provisions set. In addition, the quality of work life is less supportive so that there are still employees who have not been able to complete a job according to the time that has been set. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of standard operating procedures and quality of work life on work effectiveness at the University of Struggle, Tasikmalaya City. This study used a descriptive method with a quantitative approach. The respondents in this study were 132 employees at the University of Struggle Tasikmalaya, so the author took samples using the simple random sampling technique so that the number of samples in this study was 57 people. Analysis was carried out on data collected from observations, interviews, and questionnaires. The data analysis stage began with validity tests, reliability, transformation of ordinal values ​​to intervals, and data analysis in a verifiable/quantitative manner. The results of the study indicate that: 1) Standard operating procedures have an effect on work effectiveness at the University of Struggle Tasikmalaya. This means that the better the implementation of standard operating procedures for all employees in the University of Struggle environment, the more effective the employees' work will be. 2) Quality of work life has an effect on work effectiveness at the University of Struggle Tasikmalaya. This means that the better the quality of work life at the University of Struggle, the more effective the work will be. 3) Standard operating procedures and quality of work life on work effectiveness at the University of Struggle, Tasikmalaya City. This means that the better the implementation of standard operating procedures and the better the quality of work life at the University of Struggle, the more effective the work will be.

This study examines the quality of outpatient public services for BPJS Health patients at the Regional General Hospital of Dumai City. The purpose of this research is to assess how service quality is experienced by patients and how effectively outpatient services are delivered. A qualitative descriptive approach was used, with data collected through direct observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Informants included outpatient service staff and BPJS patients selected purposively to represent both service providers and service users. The analysis focuses on five dimensions of service quality: physical facilities, service reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. The results indicate that outpatient services are generally perceived as adequate, particularly in terms of physical facilities, diagnostic accuracy, and staff professionalism. However, delays in registration and service processes remain a major concern, mainly due to high patient volume and administrative procedures. In addition, differences in staff communication and interpersonal attitudes lead to variations in patient experiences. Overall, the study highlights the importance of improving service responsiveness and strengthening empathetic communication to enhance patient satisfaction and the effectiveness of public hospital outpatient services.

Conflicts between humans and wild crocodiles still occur frequently in East Nusa Tenggara. Conflicts often occur with residents who live on coastlines and river estuaries, where most of the population earn their living as fishermen and farmers. The objectives of this research are: (1) Want to know the form of legal protection for people who are attacked by crocodiles in crocodile habitats. (2) Want to know the pattern of conflict management between humans and crocodiles in their habitat. This research is a type of empirical juridical research, or what is called field research, namely examining applicable legal provisions and what happens in reality in society. Empirical juridical research is legal research regarding the application or implementation of normative legal provisions in action in every legal event that occurs in society. The results of this research show: (1) Legal protection that protects every human right that is attacked by a crocodile has been clearly regulated in law number 5 of 1990, government regulation number 7 of 199 9, government regulation number 13 of 1994, and ministerial regulations forestry number P.08 of 2008. (2) Efforts to overcome conflict between crocodiles and humans have been carried out by establishing a SATGAS or task force for dealing with conflict between humans and wild animals and consists of two units, where one unit is tasked with dealing with the community and the other unit tasked with dealing with wild animals. There are also several government agencies in it to respond to reports quickly and handle them according to SOPs or standard operational procedures for handling conflicts between humans and wild crocodiles which serve as standard guidelines for handling conflicts reported by the public. As well as efforts from the government, there have also been short-term efforts such as outreach and long-term efforts such as conducting more in-depth research on crocodiles. Based on the results of this research, it is hoped that there will be awareness from all components, both society and government, so as not to excessively convert land so that it destroys the natural habitat of crocodiles and causes crocodiles to escape into public areas.

Introduction: International Certificate of Vaccination (ICV) is an official international document issued by the Port Health Office as the agency with authority to prevent the entry and exit of infectious diseases from Indonesia to other countries or vice versa, as proof that a person has received certain vaccinations. Socialization is a social process where an individual develops attitudes to behave in accordance with the behavior of the people around him. In filling out and giving the International Certificate of Vaccination (ICV) the skills of polyclinic nurses at the Haji Hospital Jakarta are needed. For this reason, researchers see the need to hold a socialization of operational standards for filling out the International Certificate of Vaccination (ICV) regarding the ability of nurses to fill out the International Certificate of Vaccination (ICV) at the Jakarta Hajj Hospital Polyclinic in 2023. Objective: This research is to determine the ability of nurses to fill out International Certificate of Vaccination (ICV) in accordance with the International Certificate of Vaccination (ICV) Standard Operational Procedures Research Method: This method uses a quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest design type. Data collection methods include the use of observation sheets to measure nurses' abilities before and after the intervention. Socialization of Standard Operational Procedures for Filling Out the International Certificate of Vaccination (ICV). This study aims to assess the influence of Socialization of Standard Operational Procedures for Filling Out the International Certificate of Vaccination (ICV) on Nurses' Ability to Fill Out International Certificate of Vaccination (ICV) at the Jakarta Hajj Hospital Polyclinic in 2023. Results: Based on the results of statistical tests using the Paired Samples Test, the p value obtained was p 0.001<0.05, meaning there was a significant difference or influence between the abilities of nurses after carrying out the Socialization Standards. Operational Procedures for Completing the International Vaccination Certificate (ICV). Conclusion: The conclusion of the research is that there is an influence of the socialization of standard operational procedures for filling out the International Certificate of Vaccination (ICV) on the ability of nurses to fill out the International Certificate of Vaccination (ICV) in the polyclinic at Haji Hospital Jakarta.

Introduction: Children's and mothers' health determines the level of family and community health. The health empowerment success relies on the maternal mortality rate and neonatal mortality rate. The delivery prevalence with the SC method increases around the world by more than 10%-15% as recommended. In Latin America and the Caribbean, the prevalence of section caesarea procedures is high, 40.5%. The data of delivery mothers with Sectio Caesarea at HA Zaky Djunaid Pekalongan reached 100 mothers. Objective: This research revealed the characteristics of delivery mothers with Sectio Caesarea from the perspectives of age, parity, gravida, gestation interval, birth history, and height. Method: This qualitative research is a descriptive retrospective type of research by reviewing the medical records of delivery mothers with section Caesarea.Population: This research population consisted of all delivery mothers with section Caesarea at HA Zaky Djunaid Hospital, Pekalongan City, from July 2023 to August 2023.Sample: The research samples were 100 delivery mothers with Sectio Caesarea taken with total sampling. Results: From the data analysis, the characteristics of delivery mothers with SC, based on age, were mostly 29 years old. Most mothers were multiparity and multigravida. The mothers had SC history with 2-5 years of gestational interval. Most mothers were 148cm high.  

The provision of sports facilities such as sports fields, running tracks, and swimming pools constitutes a standard public amenity provided by local governments to serve as venues for sports activities. Each region allocates land differently for each public facilities. Local governments tend to repurpose sports infrastructure for other facilities, as currently planned in the city of Pangkalpinang. The aim of this research is to examine the regulations and procedures governing the process and responsibilities regarding the repurposing of sports facilities. A normative legal research method with a normative juridical approach was chosen for this study. The findings indicate that the repurposing of sports facilities must adhere to the provisions of the legislation. Local governmets must follow procedures and regulations regardung repurposing. Peraturan Menteri Pemuda dan Olahraga Nomor 9 Tahun 2022 Tentang Tata Cara Peniadaan dan/atau Pengalihfungsian Prasarana Olahraga Aset/Milik Pemerintah Pusat atau Pemerintah Daerah provides technical specifications regarding responsibilities of parties involved in repurposing sports facilities. There are sanctions for those who violate the regulations on repurposing sports infrastructure. It is hoped that through this research, the Pangkalpinang City Government and other parties will take into account the regulations concerning the repurposing of sports facilities.