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Indonesia is a State of Law, this is stated in the explanation of the 1945 Constitution which states that; "The Indonesian state is based on law and not based on mere power." Law is a rule or regulation that regulates society. All behavior and actions of its citizens must be based on law, therefore, Indonesia is a country of law, obliged to carry out legal functions consistently as a means of upholding justice.  As times progress, of course crime becomes more developed and organized. One of the problems that often comes to the surface in people's lives is crime in general, as currently we often encounter delinquency in the form of narcotics abuse. In Article 1 Paragraph 1 of Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 35 of 2009 concerning NARCOTICS, the meaning of narcotics, namely substances or drugs derived from plants, either synthetic or semi-synthetic, which can cause a decrease or change in consciousness, loss of taste, reduce or eliminate pain, and can cause dependence, which are differentiated into groups as attached in the Law - The Narcotics Law is often used outside of medical and scientific purposes, which in the end will become a danger for the user, which in the end can also have an influence on the social order of the people of the nation and state. Combating narcotics abuse is not an easy thing to implement but the state is determined to eradicate it. Narcotics abuse covers all levels of society, including poor, rich, old, young and even children. Narcotics abuse has increased from year to year, which ultimately harms the nation's future cadres. One of the efforts made by the government to tackle the narcotics problem is through improvements in legal regulations. This improvement is very necessary because the influence of narcotics is very large on the survival of a nation.

This study aims to find out about the procedure for measuring the isolation resistance of the main equipment of the 150 kV conventional substation (AIS) as many as 5 bays at the Panakkukang Substation through the measurement of the insulation resistance value in accordance with the predetermined standards. The method used in this study is quantitative descriptive. The subject of the study to be studied is a comparison of isolation resistance values in pre- and post-treatment. This was done to find out if there was a change in the insulation resistance value of the main equipment of the Substation. The main equipment studied is LA, PMT, CT, VT, and Transformer. Measurements were taken with a Megger measuring instrument, with a voltage injection of 5kV. For 5kV voltage injection, the maximum value of the test device is >1000 GΩ. The standard used is IEEE 43-2000, which is > 1 MΩ / 1 kV. Based on the results of research that has been carried out on each main equipment of the substation at GI Panakkukang. It can be concluded that the isolation resistance value in each main equipment of the substation at GI Panakkukang is above the minimum value (> MΩ/1 KV) in accordance with the IEEE Std 62: 1995 standard, VDE Catalogue 228/4, and the standard used by PLN in the "Power System Maintenance Guidebook" in 2014 the isolation resistance value at each main substation at GI Panakkukang has increased after being maintained. Maintenance can be carried out by cleaning the equipment body and foreign materials, and measuring the insulation resistance periodically.

Violations of quarantine regulations in Batam City continue to occur to this day. Despite the enactment of Law No. 21 of 2019 concerning Animal, Fish, and Plant Quarantine, which replaced Law No. 16 of 1992 on the same subject and introduced stricter criminal sanctions for violations, there has still not been a deterrent effect on those bringing prohibited items without meeting quarantine requirements. This research addresses how the authority and implementation of quarantine investigators' powers are regulated in handling cases of animal entry that have bypassed the designated import and export points in Batam City, what obstacles or challenges quarantine investigators face, and the solutions at the Animal, Fish, and Plant Quarantine Office of the Riau Archipelago at the Hang Nadim and Telaga Punggur Service Units. The research method combines normative legal research with empirical sociological approaches, utilizing both inductive and deductive methods to analyze and clarify the relationship between research variables and the research object. This approach aims to provide a comprehensive understanding that benefits readers, particularly future researchers and academics. The findings reveal ongoing uncertainty among quarantine investigators in enforcing quarantine regulations in Batam City. This issue arises from differing interpretations of Law No. 21 of 2019 among quarantine officers and the shortage of human resources, which affects investigators' focus on legal enforcement actions, including criminal sanctions. In Batam City, the resolution of quarantine regulation violations prioritizes the philosophy of "ultimum remedium" where punishment is seen as a last resort. Administrative sanctions for quarantine violations include quarantine detention, rejection, and/or destruction of the violating items.

The implementation of democracy at the village level can be proof that political development in Indonesia has developed rapidly by involving local communities, so that they are able to carry out the functions of regional government power in order to achieve the goal of advancing and prospering people's lives. Non-voting behavior are a group of people who are unwilling and negligent in giving their voting rights in elections for various reasons, whether in legislative elections, regional elections, presidential elections or village head elections. Non-voting behavior are also called blanks or abstentions in elections that are limited to an organization, company or institution. Voter absence at an election is closely related to voter dissatisfaction or satisfaction. In Kote Village, non-voting behavior has a large number compared to other villages in Singkep Pesisir District. The existence of this phenomenon certainly has a cause for non-voting behavior by the Kote Village Community. The aim of this research is to determine the factors causing non-voting behavior in Kote Village, Lingga Regency and the main factors causing non-voting behavior in Kote Village, Lingga Regency. The research method used in this research is a descriptive qualitative method. Data collection was carried out through interviews with several informants who were related to the research. The results of the research show that the non-voting behavior carried out by the people of Kote Village is caused by several things, namely the attitude of the community who are less concerned about the ongoing Village Head Election which is based on the lack of influence of the Village Head Election on the community. Some communities find it difficult to contribute to village policy making and do not understand the ongoing village election system. Apart from that, there are people who believe that the Village Head candidate they support will win or lose in the ongoing Village Head Election so they feel there is no need to come to vote. However, the reason why most people in Kote Village do not vote is because of work factors that cannot be left behind due to economic needs and educational factors, especially students who study outside the area and are unable to return to Kote Village to carry out the Village Head election.

Of course, in every government there must be an administrative part, where this part plays an important role in the management of government administration. One of the government institutions that are always tied to administrative affairs is Bawaslu Surabaya. Bawaslu acts as a state agency responsible for managing correspondence documents and election-related information.  Starting from the submission of correspondence to the Mail archive, everything is part of the sub. HR Bawaslu. However, due to the storage and arrangement of files that are still manual, making it difficult to determine the numbering of letters to be worked on, or search for incoming and outgoing files that have been archived. Therefore, in this study will be a solution to overcome these problems by building a numbering and archive management system using the Laravel framework.  Laravel Framework has its own advantages such as, easy to develop, faster performance, data security, data reload more stable, and much more. So Laravel can be an efficient and effective solution for developers in building powerful, large-scale, and easy-to-develop web applications.

Growing demand for electricity savings has led to the development of an automatic LED emergency light system. It is based on providing light when the power is cut off. Once fully charged, the battery ceases charging, and in the event of a power failure, the LEDs are automatically powered by the battery. The project focuses on two primary functions: it automatically activates during power outages to give illumination, eliminating the need to search for the switch, and the battery rapidly begins recharging as the main power is restored. The emergency light is crucial due to the inconsistent voltage distribution and frequent power outages in operational regions of communities and diverse enterprises. The system includes a power supply that converts 230V AC to 12V DC, a relay that uses a control pulse to alternate between connecting the battery to the LEDs and isolating it, and a rechargeable Li-ion battery that supplies power to the LEDs during blackouts. The parallel-connected LEDs light up during a power outage in the circuits. The circuit architecture shown here serves to mitigate the entire discharge of the battery, hence enhancing the battery's longevity. Key components of the system include a step-down transformer, a bridge circuit to convert AC to DC, a Zener diode to maintain voltage stability, capacitors for energy storage, and various diodes to control current flow. The project highlights the advantages of LED emergency lights, such as efficiency, longevity, and minimal energy waste, though it acknowledges the higher initial cost and temperature sensitivity as disadvantages. The automatic LED emergency light is suitable for use in homes, offices, retail shops, and other commercial settings. The project demonstrates a cost-effective and compact solution that enhances daily life by providing reliable lighting during power failures.

The Covid-19 pandemic has reduced people's purchasing power and made people's activities all online. Digital literacy needs to be carried out by MSME actors, especially Electronic MSMEs, where they still carry out offline buying and selling activities both in terms of promotion, marketing, and service communication. This study aims to determine the implementation of digital literacy for Electronic MSME actors to go online. Digital literacy is an effort to change and develop activities based on skills and knowledge by using technology. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach using data analysis techniques Reduction, Display and Conclusion. This research was conducted at the Electronic MSMEs, Padangsidimpuan City, North Sumatera. The results showed that 88% of the understanding of Electronic MSME technology was based on the digital literacy capabilities they had, obtained through digital literacy activities carried out and received many benefits for the online sales system.

One of the tridharmas goals for higher education is the existence of a campus can provide benefits and prosperity to society. After the Covid-19 pandemic, there was a slowdown in people's economic activities, marked by a large number of unemployed people and a decrease in purchasing power, as well as a reduction in the income of MSMEs (UMKM) in the area around the UPN Veteran Jakarta campus. If this conditionremain ignored, it will lead to a negativeimpact and reduce social relations between campus residentsandsurrounding residents. Because efforts areneeded to improve campus relations with local residents while empowering the economy through Sportavest 2023 activities. This research containsservice activities regarding empoweringcommunity MSMEs in Pondok Labu Subdistrict to be able to promote their products widely and increase income from product sales which synergized with sports activities from student.

Human nature, social life, requires humans to socialize with and interact with other humans for survival. There are the five important elements of socialization: social, cultural, social institutions, social stratification or the final grouping of society: power and authority. The study was done to identify social differences and factors that contributed to social differences. The study used qualitative descriptive methods with an objective approach to literature. Well-illustrated social differences in the background of both mice (country mouse) and (city mouse), they had conflicting backgrounds. The cause of these differences is that they live in different neighborhoods.    

Human nature, social life, requires humans to socialize with and interact with other humans for survival. There are the five important elements of socialization: social, cultural, social institutions, social stratification or the final grouping of society: power and authority. The study was done to identify social differences and factors that contributed to social differences. The study used qualitative descriptive methods with an objective approach to literature. Well-illustrated social differences in the background of both mice (country mouse) and (city mouse), they had conflicting backgrounds. The cause of these differences is that they live in different neighborhoods.    

This research aims to provide an overview of experimental procedures to determine the correct price and solubility product (Ksp) as materials in introductory chemistry practical work. This research was preceded by an experiment to assess solubility values ​​and products, and then a descriptive analysis was carried out regarding the results obtained. Based on the results of the study, it is known that the steps for determining Ksp are (1) Calculating the mass of substances that can dissolve in a specific volume of solvent, (2) Calculating the mass of substances that can dissolve in 1 liter of solvent (solubility in g/L), (3) Calculating moles substances that can dissolve in 1 liter of solvent (molar solubility in units of mol/L), (4) Calculate the concentration of each ion, and (5) Calculate the Ksp of the compound from the concentration of each ion raised to the power of the reaction coefficient.

: Fire is one of the most detrimental hazards to the community, therefore a fire prevention system is needed to reduce the impact and losses caused by fire. This study aims to design a fire protection system that has a high level of reliability, capable of detecting various types of fires, this study aims to find out whether the provision of equipment in building A of Universitas PGRI Palembang has met the requirements according to the technical requirements of the fire protection system in buildings and the environment according to the regulation of the Minister of Public Works No.26/PRT/M/2008. The planning of the fire protection system in building A of the University of PGRI Palembang includes, planning the detector system, sprinklers, fire alarms, water volume and pumps. The results of the planning of this fire protection system are 22 detector points, 50 sprinkler points, a water volume of 190 m3, a water tank volume of 164 m3, a pump power of 112 kW, and a GWT capacity of 92 m3.

This Community Partnership Program (PkM) activity was carried out at SLB Nurul Ikhsan Ngadiluwih Kediri. The service location is approximately 12 km from the PSDKU campus of Dian Nuswantoro University, Kediri. In the current era, almost all students are required to be able to master technology, especially information technology. Students' mastery of technology is used to support learning activities and improve skills. One of the software technologies used to support educational activities is Microsoft Office Basic, namely Microsoft Word and Microsoft Power Point. Special Education or Special Schools (SLB) are schools intended for children with special needs to receive basic services that can help them gain access to education. SLB is an educational institution that provides education to children with special needs so that it can be used as a provision for the child's future growth and development. Nurul Ikhsan SLB was founded by a private foundation, namely the Nurul Ikhsan Education Foundation, located in Ngadiluwih Village, Ngadiluwih District, Kediri Regency, East Java. One of the visions, missions and goals of SLB Nurul Ikhsan is that students are equipped according to their type of ability, with the aim that SLB graduates have high basic social characteristics, have knowledge, skills and independence as the basis needed to continue their studies to the next level of education. higher level, working in society, socializing and being able to develop themselves in accordance with the principles of lifelong education. Through this training activity, it is intended to provide insight and additional skills to Nurul Ikhsan SLB students to explore and practice directly operating Microsoft Word and Microsoft Power Point.

Bullying behavior is not a new phenomenon, but has been happening in Indonesia for a long time and continues to increase. Bullying behavior is mentioned as a form of negative action based on the misuse of power and strength that is carried out intentionally and repeatedly by one or a group of students who are offensive. This study aims to determine the relationship between parenting patterns with bullying attitudes in adolescents. This study used a correlational study method with Accidental Sampling sampling technique which obtained the research subjects as many as 132 teenagers.. The data analysis technique used in this research is descriptive analysis and inferential analysis. The results of this study indicate a significant relationship between parenting and bullying attitudes in adolescents based on a sig value that is less than 0.05, which is 0.039. This study also shows the Correlation Coefficient value of -0.216 (rcount > 0.1946), meaning that there is a low and opposite correlation between parenting and bullying attitudes. This value also means that the higher the parenting style, the lower the bullying attitude in adolescents. The results of this study indicate that the highest dimension is found in the bully dimension which indicates that the bullying attitude of adolescents is mostly shown through the bullying behavior that has been carried out by the teenager. The results in this study also stated that the parenting pattern that was widely applied by the respondent's parents was permissive parenting. Parenting styles play different roles in child development adequately and depend on children's involvement in bullying behavior.

This study aims to: 1) Describe the profile of students' mathematical literacy abilities in the personal context domain in solving algebra problems based on components in class VII students of SMP Negeri 9 Singkawang in the 2020/2021 academic year; 2) Describe the profile of students' mathematical literacy abilities in the personal context domain in solving algebra problems based on components in class VII students of SMP Negeri 9 Singkawang in the 2020/2021 academic year; 3) Describe the profile of students' mathematical literacy abilities in the personal context domain in solving algebra problems based on components in class VII students of SMP Negeri 9 Singkawang in the 2020/2021 academic year. This research method is a qualitative research method. The subjects in this study were 30 class VII A students. The object of this study is mathematical literacy abilities in algebra material. The data collection instruments were written tests and interviews in accordance with the strategic competency indicators that had been tested with content validity, construct validity, reliability, level of difficulty and discriminatory power. The results of the study showed that: 1) Of the 30 students who took the mathematical literacy ability test, in the personal context domain the average student score was 45.83 and was in the moderate category; 2) Of the 30 students who took the mathematical literacy ability test, in the work context domain the average student score was 57.22 and was in the moderate category; 3) Of the 30 students who took the mathematical literacy ability test, in the general context domain the average student score was 54.44 and was in the moderate category.

The abacus is a traditional calculating tool from Southeast Asia such as China, Korea, Taiwan and Japan. According to Chen (2009), it is said that the abacus existed in Babylonia and China around 2400 BC and 300 BC. In education in Indonesia in the 1990s the abacus began to enter the form of arithmetic courses, after 700 years of disappearance. The impact of the abacus is amazing, a kindergarten child who masters mathematics can calculate faster than a calculator. The abacus succeeded in attracting the attention of mothers with small children, who then enrolled their children in abacus arithmetic courses. This program is very appropriate for children aged kindergarten to elementary school. The conditions that occurred in RW 01, Gedong Village, the proposing team found that there were still many children who had difficulty using addition, subtraction operations, or using the abacus. Parents don't even understand how to use the abacus in calculating. Maybe this is because there are no parents to teach their children, because the majority of children in RW 01 are from the lower middle class. To overcome the problems mentioned above, the solution offered in this community service is to provide socialization on abacus arithmetic media to parents of children in the RW 01 Gedong Village environment, in order to optimize children's potential, including: increasing the ability to calculate faster, balancing the use of left and right brain and optimizing it to achieve a level of analytical thinking and correct analytical thinking, training concentration thinking power, helping children to master other subjects, developing imagination so that children's creativity develops, and getting used to numbers makes children not I'm afraid of exact lessons

The problem in this study is whether there is an effect of leg power training on dollyo's kicking ability in taekwondo in SKTC Dojang Sea athletes. The purpose of the study was to determine the extent of the effect of leg power training on dollyo's kicking ability in taekwondo in SKTC Dojang Sea athletes. The research hypothesis of agility training is the influence of limb power training on dollyo's kicking ability in taekwondo. The research method used is the experimental method.  The population in this study was all SKTC Dojang Sea athletes totaling 16 athletes, the sample was the entire population divided into two groups, namely 8 experimental group athletes and 8 control group athletes. The data collection instrument "dollyo kick test" technique is one athlete holding a punching bag and the other taking turns kicking using the Dollyo kick technique to the target provided for 30 seconds. The way to score is by calculating the amount of explosive power of kicks made by test participants. The research design used: randomized control groups pre-tast and post-test design. Hypothesis testing using statistical techniques with t test. The results of hypothesis analysis, obtained t observation worth 13,256 while t table obtained from degrees of freedom n1 + n2 - 2 is 8 + 8 - 2 = 14 and confidence level   = 0.05 is 2.145. In accordance with the test criteria, accept Ho if the observation t is smaller than the table t, and reject Ho if the observation t is greater than the table t. Because t observation is greater than t in the table, the results of the analysis show reject Ho and accept Ha. Research conclusion: From the results of research that has been proven by training and data analysis objectives based on the variables measured, a conclusion can be drawn that there is an increase in dollyo kicking ability in taekwondo in SKTC Dojang Sea athletes.  

The influence of early mathematics learning and learning motivation on student learning outcomes is very significant [1]. Students' numeracy literacy skills need to be supported by the ability to learn mathematics as early as possible. Advanced mathematics learning needs to be supported by good arithmetic skills. Every learning process is expected to produce good learning outcomes. Conventional mathematics learning is difficult for low-level students to understand. Guidebooks that are in accordance with the learning curriculum tend to present mathematical concepts that are textual. In order for mathematics learning to be more interesting for students, it is necessary to develop learning media that are easily accessible to students and educators. One application that can be used is interactive Powerpoint [2]. In this community service, a learning media about arithmetic was developed that underlies every logic of calculation in advanced mathematics. Assistance was given to students in grade III of elementary school, with the pretest method, presentation of material using interactive Powerpoint media, and posttest. The validation test of the learning media was carried out by educators by providing an average test result of 84.36%. The results of this community service state that arithmetic learning media using interactive Powerpoint can be used in grade III of elementary school.

Government institutions have an important role in maintaining state stability, but often separatist conflicts arise due to dissatisfaction with a government system that is considered unfair. This research aims to examine the structure and dynamics of the government systems of Indonesia and Malaysia, which adhere to a presidential system, and Malaysia, which adhere to a constitutional monarchy system, so as to provide a comprehensive understanding of political dynamics in Southeast Asia. The research method uses a qualitative descriptive approach with literature study to understand the structure and dynamics of the Indonesian and Malaysian government systems. The research results show that Indonesia has a presidential system of government with strong executive power, while Malaysia has a constitutional-monarchical system with a complex division of power between the prime minister and the states. Although both share historical and cultural similarities, differences in their governmental structures lead to different strengths and weaknesses in the exercise of executive power and the relationship between heads of state and heads of government. In conclusion, although Indonesia and Malaysia have historical and cultural similarities, differences in their government systems result in different dynamics in the exercise of executive power and the relationship between the head of state and head of government. Understanding these differences helps clarify the challenges and opportunities faced by both countries in building and strengthening their governance systems in accordance with the needs and dynamics of their societies. Through this research, it is hoped that it can provide a deeper understanding of the structure and dynamics of the government systems of the two countries, as well as their implications.

Analgesics are compounds that in therapeutic doses relieve or suppress pain, without having general anesthetic action. Traditionally, the herb bamboo grass (Lophatherum gracile Brongn.) has been used and proven empirically to reduce pain, so it may have an analgesic effect. This can be caused by the content of secondary metabolite compounds, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, steroids/triterpenoids, saponins and glycosides, but this has not been scientifically proven. This research aims to determine the secondary metabolite compounds contained in fresh bamboo grass herbs, simplicia and dekokta and the effectiveness as an analgesic of the bamboo grass herb dekokta in mice.This research was carried out experimentally, including making simplicia and decoction, phytochemical screening and analgesic effectiveness testing. bamboo grass herb dekokta in male mice induced with 0.5% acetic acid intraperitoneally under the stomach, orally administered bamboo grass herb dekokta at a dose of 100 mg/kgBW, 200 mg/kgBW, 300 mg/kgBW, CMC 0.5% (blank), methampirone 65 mg/kgBB. Count the number of animal movements every 5 minutes for 1 hour. From the number of writhes obtained, the percentage of analgesic power and analgesic effectiveness were calculated. Next, the data obtained was analyzed statistically using SPSS ver.20 One Way ANOVA followed by the Tukey test. The results of the phytochemical screening of fresh bamboo grass, simplicia and dekokta contain alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids and glycosides. The greater the dose of bamboo grass herb dekokta given, the greater the percentage of reduction in writhing, so that the analgesic power and analgesic effectiveness are greater. . The results of the One Way ANOVA test and the Tukey test showed that the dose of 300 mg/kgBB had the best analgesic power at 50 minutes, not significantly different from administering 65 mg/kgBB of methampirone.