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Understanding mechanical and organic solidarity theories, education management can utilise these insights to design an effective, inclusive and relevant education system in the face of continuous social and technological change. The purpose of this research is to explain the Dynamics of Mechanical Solidarity and Organic Solidarity in Education Management: A Durkheimian Perspective. The method used in this study uses qualitative research procedures using a research approach in the form of a literature study. The sources of information in this study were reviewed from various novel sources of literature, research reports, essays, theses, dissertations and posts both print and electronic related to the Dynamics of Mechanical Solidarity and Organic Solidarity in Education Management: A Durkheimian Perspective. The results of this study show that education management should be able to create the right balance between these two types of solidarity. This means understanding the importance of maintaining valuable social norms while accommodating individual diversity. In a modern society, education management should allow students to grow according to their potential, enable student participation in decision-making, encourage collaboration between stakeholders, and respond with flexibility to social change.

In the context of modern education management, Auguste Comte's theory offers a valuable contribution in shaping thought and practice. The relevance of Comte's theory is not limited to one aspect of education management, but involves various dimensions such as scientific understanding, adaptation to social change, character and moral building, and the role of education in the evolution of society. The purpose of this study is to explain the Relevance of Auguste Comte's Theory in the Development of Modern Education Management. The method used in this study uses qualitative research procedures using a research approach in the form of a literature study. Sources of information in this study were reviewed from various novel sources of literature, research reports, scientific essays, theses, dissertations and posts both print and electronic related to the Relevance of Auguste Comte's Theory in the Development of Modern Education Management. The results of this study show that Comte's thought, especially the concept of positivism, the role of science in education, social evolution, morals, and the role of education in the development of society, has a significant impact on educational thinking and practice. The application of Comte's principles in education management allows us to design education that is based on evidence, science and scientific approaches. In addition, an understanding of social evolution helps us adapt to changes in society, while a focus on the formation of character, morals and social values supports the development of responsible individuals in society.

This article discusses the perspective of pastoral counseling in addressing bullying among late adolescents aged 15-18 years that affects the psychological well-being of adolescents. Bullying is a significant social problem among teenagers and can have negative impacts on their psychological well-being. The purpose of this research is to explore the role of pastoral counseling in helping adolescents cope with the psychological effects resulting from bullying. The research method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method with a literature review approach, depicting the characteristics of late adolescents aged 15-18 years who are vulnerable to bullying and its impact on their psychological well-being. The research findings indicate that pastoral counseling can provide emotional support, moral guidance, and reinforcement of religious values that assist adolescents in overcoming the pressures of bullying. The implications of this research are that the perspective of pastoral counseling is relevant and beneficial in aiding the protection and recovery of adolescents affected by bullying. It is hoped that this article will provide further understanding of the role of pastoral counseling in addressing bullying among late adolescents aged 15-18 years.

This study reviews the crucial role of video content as the main tool in product promotion media with the aim of increasing consumer engagement and branding success. Through in-depth analysis of marketing strategies that use video content, this research identifies the positive impact of video content on consumer engagement levels, building emotional connections, and increasing brand awareness. The factors of creativity, authenticity and understanding the target market are also considered important elements in the success of a promotional campaign. The practical implications of this research provide valuable guidance for marketing practitioners to optimize the role of video content in achieving branding goals and increasing consumer appeal. 

This research explores the use of Text Mining Methods as an innovative approach to extract important information from research report text. With a strong conceptual foundation from the literature review, this research details the key concepts of Text Mining, such as tokenization techniques, sentiment analysis, and entity extraction. The steps of applying Text Mining Methods to research reports are explained in depth, with a focus on using such techniques to improve the efficiency and accuracy of information extraction. Through the evaluation of the method's performance, the research demonstrates a significant improvement in analysis speed and information extraction accuracy compared to conventional methods. The research conclusions provide a holistic picture of the potential of Text Mining Methods in improving the effectiveness of the research report text analysis process. The implications of this research stimulate thoughts on the applicability of this technology in various disciplines that rely on research reports as a primary source of information. Thus, this research makes a positive contribution to the understanding and development of text analysis techniques to support more efficient decision making.

The use of documentary video learning media can have a positive impact on the learning process, especially the understanding of complex concepts and their application in everyday life. Documentary videos can provide a deeper perspective and insight into real life, so it can be a window or tool to better see and understand real life. In this study, documentary videos have been evaluated in the context of Social Studies learning at the junior high school level. The literature review method was used to analyze various aspects of the use of documentary video learning media, including its impact on concept understanding and application in daily life. The results of this literature review provide an in-depth understanding of the factors that support the effectiveness of documentary video learning media, such as good design, content relevance, and instructional support. However, it also identifies some constraints, including the limited accessibility of technology and the need for teacher support in effective implementation. Thus, the findings from this study provide a strong basis for recommending the implementation of documentary video learning media in social studies learning in junior high schools. The practical implications can provide guidance for the development of more interesting and effective learning materials, by utilizing the potential of documentary videos as innovative and relevant learning aids.

The use of documentary video learning media can have a positive impact on the learning process, especially the understanding of complex concepts and their application in everyday life. Documentary videos can provide a deeper perspective and insight into real life, so it can be a window or tool to better see and understand real life. In this study, documentary videos have been evaluated in the context of Social Studies learning at the junior high school level. The literature review method was used to analyze various aspects of the use of documentary video learning media, including its impact on concept understanding and application in daily life. The results of this literature review provide an in-depth understanding of the factors that support the effectiveness of documentary video learning media, such as good design, content relevance, and instructional support. However, it also identifies some constraints, including the limited accessibility of technology and the need for teacher support in effective implementation. Thus, the findings from this study provide a strong basis for recommending the implementation of documentary video learning media in social studies learning in junior high schools. The practical implications can provide guidance for the development of more interesting and effective learning materials, by utilizing the potential of documentary videos as innovative and relevant learning aids.

This study aims to assess the challenges faced in implementing the Social Sciences (IPS) curriculum in the era of globalization. Employing a literature review methodology, it gathers and analyzes data from academic publications, educational policy reports, and case studies related to the IPS curriculum. The findings suggest that the current IPS curriculum needs to integrate contemporary global issues and utilize educational technology to enhance student engagement and understanding. The study also identifies an urgent need for teacher professional development to teach methods that meet the needs of 21st-century students. Furthermore, the study recommends strategies to strengthen students' critical and analytical skills in responding to global dynamics. The main conclusions emphasize the importance of collaboration between educational institutions and policymakers in designing and implementing an adaptive and sustainable curriculum.

The research aims to explain the history of mental health from pre-historic times to the contemporary era. The research focus involves the analysis of empirical factors, paradigm shifts, and the evolution of approaches to the treatment of mental disorders. The research method used is descriptive qualitative, allowing researchers to deepen historical concepts of mental health and analyze their development. Data was obtained through literature reviews from previous research and analysis of reference books. Relevant information is drawn from journal conclusions and book summaries to form a comprehensive understanding of the historical footprint of mental health. As a result of research from journals and books, it can be concluded that the history of the development of mental health has involved significant changes in the paradigm of treating mental disorders. Starting from the pre-scientific era with the concepts of animism and naturalism, to the transition to the modern era which marks the peak of scientific development in the field of mental health. With this shift, the history of mental health reflects the evolution of society's view of mental disorders from mystical beliefs to modern scientific understanding. This research summary provides in-depth insight into how the evolution of mental health concepts has influenced approaches and treatments in society.  

This study delves into the intricacies of the Maritime Education and Training (MET) program at the Maritime Institute Jakarta (STIP Jakarta), focusing on Semester 3 cadets. Adopting a qualitative and descriptive research approach, the research aims to elucidate the perspectives of 240 cadets through the lens of academic self-checked intelligence, professional competences, motivations, and their interconnections. The findings reveal diverse self-checked intelligence profiles across Nautical, Technical, and Port and Shipping Management majors, necessitating a nuanced curriculum tailored to their distinct strengths. English communication emerges as a pivotal professional competence, urging a strategic enhancement of language instruction to equip cadets for effective communication in the global maritime community. Motivations driving cadet dedication encompass familial legacies, a love for the sea, and the pursuit of international exposure. Recognising and nurturing these intrinsic motivators emerges as a crucial element for sustaining cadet engagement. The positive correlation between self-checked intelligence and professional competences underscores the importance of tailored support mechanisms, prompting recommendations for mentorship programs and supplementary resources. Implications for STIP Jakarta include the need for continuous quality improvement through periodic curriculum reviews, fostering a holistic approach that combines technical proficiency with soft skills. The research contributes to the discourse on maritime education, offering a roadmap for institutions to navigate industry dynamics and diverse cadet needs. The findings, discussions, and recommendations collectively enrich the understanding of Semester 3 cadet perspectives, offering actionable insights for educators, administrators, and policymakers to refine and elevate maritime education at STIP Jakarta.

This research explores the potential of Indonesian animated children's songs videos in supporting vocabulary development in toddlers. Sampling from the "Lagu Anak Indonesia Balita" channel on YouTube, the study utilizes observational methods of visual style and literature review to understand children's visual responses to the content. The results indicate that Indonesian animated children's song videos, with their short duration and repetitive lyrics, can create an enjoyable learning experience. From a phonological perspective, the repetition of sounds in the lyrics aids in the recognition of language sounds. Semantic aspects are represented through the introduction of various vocabulary in an easily digestible manner. The simple syntax of the lyrics supports the understanding of basic sentence structures, and pragmatically, these songs can be applied in everyday communicative contexts. In conclusion, Indonesian animated children's song videos can positively contribute to the vocabulary development of toddlers through a holistic and enjoyable approach. The findings of this research can serve as a foundation for the development of early childhood education curricula that effectively utilize animated media.

Motivation to learn for a student is important. With motivation, students are able to participate in the learning process enthusiastically and are able to improve learning achievement and achieve learning goals. However, since the Covid-19 pandemic until now, students' learning motivation has begun to decline, which also affects their learning achievement, achievement of learning goals, and enthusiasm during the learning process. Catholic religious teachers, as educators and motivators, take a role in increasing students' learning motivation. In this effort, teachers experience challenges and obstacles. This article contains an understanding of student motivation, efforts that a Catholic religious teacher can make to increase student learning motivation, and the challenges experienced in these efforts. Writing this article will use the literature review method. This method is carried out by collecting various valid and reliable sources, whether in the form of books, articles, journals, etc. as reference material in writing and collecting information that is appropriate to the material discussed in this article.

This research investigates the perspectives of 240 Maritime Institute Jakarta (STIP Jakarta) cadets regarding knowledge representation in navigational decision support systems. Grounded in a qualitative descriptive approach, the study unfolds over three semesters, examining academic self-checked intelligence, professional competences, motivations, and the cadets' viewpoints on the complexities of maritime education. The cadets, enrolled in an international programme, undergo extensive preparation for internships within the global shipping industry, necessitating proficiency in English communication aligned with International Maritime Organization standards. The findings reveal a positive correlation between academic self-checked intelligence and professional competences, underscoring the significance of metacognitive strategies in shaping technical proficiency. Motivations, both intrinsic and extrinsic, emerge as crucial influencers shaping cadets' perspectives on knowledge representation. The study also highlights the evolving confidence of cadets in English maritime literacy, emphasising the necessity of tailored language instruction strategies. Recommendations for enhancing maritime education include promoting metacognitive strategies, integrating real-world applications, tailoring language instruction, providing continuous motivational support, and ensuring regular curriculum reviews. These recommendations offer practical insights for educators and administrators to refine instructional practices and align curricula with industry demands.While acknowledging limitations such as reliance on self-reported data and the focus on a specific cohort, this research contributes to the discourse on maritime education. It serves as a foundation for future studies, urging a diversified methodology and extending the scope to include multiple maritime institutions for a more comprehensive understanding. As STIP Jakarta continues to prepare cadets for global maritime challenges, the insights gleaned from this study are integral for adapting and advancing educational practices.

The scientific method is a systematic and structured approach used to gather data, observe natural phenomena, and develop scientific understanding. The scientific method helps students in developing critical thinking skills, problem-solving abilities, and a deep understanding of physics concepts. This article explains how the scientific method can be integrated into physics education to create a learning environment focused on experiments, observations, and data analysis. This method also encourages learners to develop research skills and think creatively. Developing a physics curriculum based on the scientific method can enhance students' interest in science and prepare them to face challenges in our increasingly interconnected and science-based society. This article is based on the results of previous related journal reviews, which provide a research foundation and in-depth information about the role of the scientific method, and it then links it to physics education.    

A covenant is an event in which one person promises to another or in which two people promise each other to do something. The purpose of this community service is to add information about the benefits of the agreement, add information about laws related to the agreement, and add information about the function of the cooperation agreement. With a better understanding of legal capacity, people can make legal and binding agreements and contracts, and understand the legal consequences that may arise from such agreements or contracts. Improving public understanding of the role of legal capacity in agreements and contracts is a key step in realizing legal certainty and Justice. The results of the dedication and discussion contain data collection, the length of time for carrying out activitie, and data analysis. The results of the data analysis are completed with a detailed discussion instead of raw data, a review of the relationship between the results and basic concepts, and or hypothesis testing results.

An introduction to algorithms begins with a basic understanding of the algorithm itself. An algorithm is an organized sequence of steps to solve a problem, taking into account systematic sequence and logical goals. Meanwhile, a programming algorithm is a set of instructions that a computer is asked to execute to solve a problem. Good mastery of programming algorithms is absolutely necessary for people who want to study computer science or mathematics. Therefore, this article aims to help readers who want to learn the importance of programming algorithms through basic concepts. This paper uses a literature review method from various types of existing sources to discuss history, function and properties, algorithm structure, notationincluding natural, pseudocode and flowcharts.  

MSMEs, in particular in sector industry creative , have become bone back economy in many countries. Although sector industry creative show potency significant growth , MSMEs in it often experience   various obstacles , such as lack of effective management .   Problem management source Power HR people don't optimized can become obstacle Serious in reach performance maximum . Application practice management source Power effective human beings in MSMEs can become a key strategy For overcome challenge the . Urgency study This give insightful and informed views   about HRM practices that can adopted by MSMEs in the sector This . Method used in study This is Systematic Literature Review (SLR) with collect and analyze related journals   with keywords .   Based on studies literature conducted , found   that  understanding deep about connection between HRM practices and MSME performance in context industry creative . Of a number investigated literature , can   concluded that proper implementation of HRM can give impact significant positive   to MSME performance in the sector This . Recruitment and selection creative identified as step crucial start .   Through results MSMEs can get this attract and retain individual with talent suitably creative   with demands industry dynamic creative .   Research also shows that development Skills creative through training programs is factor decider in increase Power MSME competitiveness and innovation . Findings This give substantial and relevant insights   for practitioner business , stakeholders interests , and researchers For optimizing HRM practices with consider context unique industry creative . Implications from study This is that effective HRM implementation can become pusher growth and sustainability of MSMEs, strengthening position they 're inside industry continued creativity.  

The purpose of mentoring students in Islamic Date lessons through youtube learning media about the prophet's sirah nabawiyah Prophet Muhammad SAW at Ponpes Thawalib Padang so that students better understand and remember more about the prophet Muhammad's sirah nabawiyah. By using youtube as a learning medium, students are more interested in listening and paying attention in carrying out the learning process. This assistance is carried out using the first stage of Participatory Action Research (PAR) method, conducting questions and answers or reviewing students' memories of the Prophet Muhammad SAW what students previously knew before watching youtube, then watching youtube sirah nabawiyah about the Prophet Muhammad SAW, then conducting discussions or questions and answers with students asking things related to what they have watched Finally, draw conclusions from what they have watched, which is asked from one of the students or several students to draw conclusions, then concluded more clearly by the teacher so that the students understand more about the Prophet Muhammad SAW. As for the results of the assistance that has been carried out in the first stage, there is a response given by the students to the questions given about the understanding of students who previously knew about the Prophet Muhammad SAW,  After watching the youtube sirah nabawiyah about Prophet Muhammad SAW, students and teachers had a discussion about what had been watched so that questions arose given by students to what they had understood. Finally, make conclusions about the Prophet Muhammad SAW through watching YouTube that has been watched with students. By using YouTube, students are more interested in knowing the nabawiyah sirah about the Prophet Muhammad SAW.

Conflict management is an essential aspect of organizational life that significantly impacts performance and productivity. This article presents research findings from four journals that discuss conflict management in various contexts. The research findings include strategies for avoiding conflict in unmarried couples facing unplanned pregnancies, communication styles of female village heads in local governance, the influence of conflict management on the performance of community health center employees, and conflict management in educational settings. These research results emphasize the importance of understanding conflict management theories, such as avoidance approaches, communication styles, and the role of communication in conflict resolution. A solid understanding of this literature provides the foundation for the development of training and educational programs in conflict management.

Accounting pays close attention to aspects of foreign currency transactions and adjustments to the functional currency that impact financial statements. PSAK 10 is the main guideline in regulating changes in foreign exchange rates and affecting businesses. A good understanding of PSAK 10, functional currency, and foreign currency transactions is crucial for business entities, especially those operating in a foreign currency economic environment. The case study used in this research is descriptive qualitative with literature review method. Research that characterizes research subjects based on emerging facts is known as descriptive qualitative research. The results of the research on the case study of PT Dianta Mitrafairindo Internasional highlighted the significant role of foreign exchange transactions in the company's operations, with management seriously implementing proper accounting processes, dealing with foreign exchange differences, and recording them thoroughly. Despite a loss in 2018, the company managed to record a profit in 2019, demonstrating its seriousness and commitment in managing foreign exchange risks. Overall, PT Dianta Mitrafairindo Internasional demonstrated accuracy, vigilance, and a strong commitment to foreign exchange-related accounting aspects in the context of its global business.