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In an effort to improve the community's economy in Petemon Village, Sawahan Subdistrict, Surabaya City, this research analyzes the empowerment of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). The results show that although programs to encourage MSMEs exist, their implementation is not optimal. One of the problems found is the lack of coordination between related agencies, the lack of training and capital distributed for MSMEs, and the lack of monitoring the growth of MSMEs. According to this study, although efforts have been made to support the applicable laws, the implementation of the program needs to be improved, especially in terms of fair distribution, effective socialization, and assistance that suits the needs of MSMEs.

Systematically, this paper describes the reasons for the importance of educational entrepreneurship in character building for students and assumes that educational entrepreneurship will encourage students to start entrepreneurship. The many problems of poverty do have consequences on competition in getting jobs because in Indonesia it is very limited. It is only fitting that as the next generation of the nation in the future, students should be persistent in encouraging the spirit of entrepreneurship so that they do not rely on limited job opportunities but must become job providers and creators. The method used in this study is the Literature Review method, which is to review the themes raised. The way to collect information from this library activity is from various library sources which are needed as a source for developing new ideas in the form of a framework which will eventually become a theory. Entrepreneurial character through learning about entrepreneurship can be built through higher education. For students to cultivate entrepreneurial traits, they must start early because truly reliable and successful entrepreneurs start from small to large things or businesses, not the other way around. Students must get rid of thoughts about entrepreneurship, namely when starting a business they must have large capital money and feel unable to take risks that will be faced in the future.

With the physical development of cities and industrial areas, as well as the development of transportation facilities, air quality also experiences changes in the composition of the atmosphere compared to normal conditions, which is characterized by the entry of polluting materials. Gasses and small particles/aerosols enter the air in constant quantities over long periods of time and affect not only human life but also animal and plant life. Currently, the development of electric vehicles in urban areas such as Indonesia and the Special Capital Region (DKJ) of course causes problems in the transportation system, also causes damage to common land by various interests and disrupts the existing air quality and also affects the atmosphere when pollution occurs.  Transportation is the largest contributor to air pollution, namely around 85%, because transportation is a proven source of emissions. Therefore, law enforcement efforts to improve the transportation sector without ignoring other sectors, including strategic actions, must be prioritized.  The number of buses and trains has also increased.  It will also control the number of private cars and improve much of the public transportation system.

A rapidly developing economy cannot be separated from the support of capital provided through banking credit. However, system errors in the operation of M-banking can cause losses for both customers and banks. This study aims to analyze the legal protection for parties against system errors in M-banking operations and the responsibilities that must be met. The research method used is normative legal research with a statutory approach and conceptual approach. The legal sources used include primary and secondary legal sources, collected through literature study and analyzed using descriptive analytical methods. The results of the study indicate that although there are regulations governing the responsibilities of M-banking service providers, legal protection for customers needs to be strengthened, particularly in terms of dispute resolution mechanisms and compensation. This research recommends enhancing system security and consumer education to minimize risks and the establishment of more specific regulations regarding the responsibilities of M-banking providers in dealing with system errors.

By considering the role of intervening variables, such as ownership structure, financial performance, and company characteristics, this study aims to analyze the impact of macro fundamentals, capital structure, and on firm value in manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2019-2023 period. The analytical tool used is Smart-PLS and descriptive quantitative methodology. This study states that ownership structure, macro fundamentals, and capital structure insignificantly affect firm value. In addition, an examination of intervening variables reveals that, in contrast to business characteristics, ownership structure and financial performance moderate the relationship between macro fundamentals, capital structure, and firm value. These results imply that macro fundamentals, capital structure, ownership structure, and financial performance should be considered in evaluating firm value. These results highlight the importance of maintaining an ideal capital structure and improving financial performance for firms to increase firm value.    

This study aims to analyze the effect of macro fundamentals, capital structure, ownership structure on firm value with profitability as an intervening variable in agri-food companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2014 to 2023. This research uses documentation studies as a data collection technique and for data processing, Smart-PLS (Partiral Lerast Squarers) is used. The results show that capital structure has a significant influence on firm value, while ownership structure does not show a significant influence. In addition, profitability is proven to be an intervening variable that strengthens the relationship between capital structure and firm value, but does not strengthen the relationship between firm size and firm value. These findings provide important implications for the management of Agri-Food companies in making decisions related to financing and ownership strategies to increase firm value.

This study aims to analyze the effect of macro fundamentals, capital structure, ownership structure on firm value with profitability as an intervening variable in agri-food companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2014 to 2023. This research uses documentation studies as a data collection technique and for data processing, Smart-PLS (Partiral Lerast Squarers) is used. The results show that capital structure has a significant influence on firm value, while ownership structure does not show a significant influence. In addition, profitability is proven to be an intervening variable that strengthens the relationship between capital structure and firm value, but does not strengthen the relationship between firm size and firm value. These findings provide important implications for the management of Agri-Food companies in making decisions related to financing and ownership strategies to increase firm value.

This study aims to test and analyze the relationship between micro fundamental variability, macro fundamental to firm value, ownership structure, financial performance, and capital structure in Insurance Services Companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Population search on 30 financial statements of Insurance Services Companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This research method uses purposive sampling with a total sample of 10 companies with the years 2021-2023. The data analysis technique in this study uses Partial Least Square which consists of Inner Model, Outers Model and Weight Relation. The results showed that of the 13 hypotheses made, 3 hypotheses were accepted while 10 hypotheses were rejected. The test results show that 10 indicators have insignificant values.    

The aim of this research is to analyze whether there is an influence of Macro Fundamental Analysis, Micro Fundamental Analysis on Company Value with Capital Structure, Company Characteristics and Financial Performance in Service Companies Listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange in 2019-2023. This research uses quantitative research and the type of data used is secondary data obtained from the results of annual reports of companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) for 2019-2023 through the official website of the Indonesia Stock Exchange and other supporting journals related to this research. . The sample used in this research consisted of 6 financial services companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, whose data were then analyzed using the Smart-PLS version 4 application. The results of this research show that among the proposed hypotheses there are 7 independent variables that have a positive and significant effect on the variables dependent, while the remaining 6 variables have a negative effect on the dependent variable, namely company value

5G (5th Generation) networks are a major breakthrough in the world of wireless communication technology that offers much faster data transfer rates, very low latency, and greater capacity compared to previous generations. The development of 5G networks brings both challenges and opportunities for enterprises in improving their operations. The main challenges include large infrastructure investments, limited frequency spectrum, data security and privacy, and compatibility and interoperability with existing technologies. On the other hand, the opportunities offered by 5G networks include better connectivity for the Internet of Things (IoT), real-time communication with low latency, real-time analysis of big data, virtual and augmented reality applications, and the development of innovative new services and business models. To capitalise on these opportunities, companies need to invest in 5G technology, develop the right digital strategy, pay attention to data security and privacy aspects, and collaborate with relevant parties. By facing the challenges and properly utilising the opportunities of 5G networks, companies can achieve a competitive advantage and drive sustainable business growth in this increasingly digital era. This research adopts a systematic literature review (SLR) approach to investigate and analyze literature relevant to corporate business transformation.

This research investigates the impact of macroeconomic fundamentals on financial performance and capital structure, with earnings management and firm characteristics as intervening variables, focusing on manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The macroeconomic fundamentals analyzed include inflation, exchange rates, GDP, and interest rates, which are hypothesized to affect stock returns. Capital structure is measured by the debt-to-equity ratio and the debt-to-asset ratio. Financial leverage is gauged using the interest coverage ratio and the debt-to-operating income ratio. Firm characteristics encompass the company's age, the number of board commissioners, the number of directors, and the number of audit committee members. Financial performance is evaluated using indicators such as EBIT, DFL, DOL, DPR, asset turnover, and EPS growth. The research employs a quantitative method with data analysis conducted using Smart PLS. The results indicate that financial leverage significantly influences firm characteristics and capital structure but does not significantly impact financial performance. Macroeconomic fundamentals significantly affect firm characteristics but do not significantly impact financial performance, earnings management, or capital structure. Firm characteristics significantly influence financial performance but not earnings management. Capital structure significantly affects earnings management but does not significantly impact financial performance. This study aims to provide insights for decision-makers to enhance company financial performance through effective management of capital structure and earnings management.

This study aims to analyze the effect of ownership structure on financial performance in service companies by considering the role of capital structure, earnings management, and company characteristics as intervening variables. The data used in this study comes from the financial statements of service companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during a certain period. The analysis tool used is SmartPls. The results showed that ownership structure has a significant influence on the company's financial performance. In addition, capital structure is also found to have an important role as an intervening variable in the relationship. These findings provide important insights for managers and stakeholders in optimizing ownership and capital structure to improve the financial performance of the firm.

This research was conducted with the aim of analyzing the influence of macro fundamentals, micro fundamentals, on company value with capital structure, financial performancel and company charactelristics in pharmacelultical indulstry companiels listeld on thel Indonelsian stock elxchangel in 2013-2022. This relselarch is relselarch ulsing Smart PLS4-baseld statistical data analysis melthods. Thel melthod ulseld in thel relselarch is a qulantitativel melthod, and thel data collelcteld is selcondary data on indelpelndelnt and delpelndelnt variablels. This data is takeln from financial relports and annulal relports as welll as othelr intelrnelt soulrcels on thel Indonelsia Stock Elxchangel welbsitel, namelly www.idx.co.id. Thel relselarch relsullts show that macro and micro fulndamelntal factors havel a significant influlelncel on company valulel, with capital strulctulrel and financial pelrformancel acting as meldiators that strelngtheln or welakeln this rellationship. Company charactelristics welrel also foulnd to play an important rolel in deltelrmining company valulel, elspelcially in thel contelxt of sizel and produlct divelrsification. Thel implications of this relselarch providel insight for pharmacelultical company managelrs and invelstors relgarding thel importancel of paying attelntion to fulndamelntal factors in making stratelgic delcisions. Thel relsullts of this relselarch also show thel importancel of adaptivel policiels to macroelconomic changels to maintain and increlasel company valulel in thel pharmacelultical indulstry in Indonelsia.

This study aims to investigate the influence of macro fundamental variables (such as inflation, interest rates, and exchange rates), micro fundamental variables (such as DER, DPR, DR), as well as capital structure variables, financial performance, and ownership structure as intervening variables on firm value in the mining sector on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This study uses a quantitative approach with secondary data from the financial statements of mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2010 to 2019. Data collection is done by random sampling of these companies, and data analysis uses the SmartPls 4 application to test the relationship between the variables studied. The results of this study are expected to provide a deeper understanding of how macroeconomic and microeconomic fundamental factors, as well as capital structure, financial performance, and ownership structure, contribute to firm value in the context of the mining sector in Indonesia. The practical implications of this study are expected to provide guidance to stakeholders, including company management, investors, regulators, and academics, in optimizing investment strategies and decision-making in this highly potential sector. This research can also make a theoretical contribution in expanding the understanding of the factors that influence firm value in the mining sector

This relselarch aims to ulndelrstand thel factors that influlelncel thel valulel of oil and gas selctor companiels on thel Indonelsia Stock Elxchangel (BElI) for 3 oil and gas companiels in Indonelsia throulgh macro and micro fulndamelntal analysis. This selctor is crulcial for thel elconomy, influlelncing thel coulntry's incomel and elconomic stability. This relselarch involvels intelrvelning variablels sulch as ownelrship strulctulrel, financial pelrformancel, and capital strulctulrel. Thel relsullts of thel PLS-SElM analysis show that ownelrship strulctulrel doels not havel a strong rellationship with financial pelrformancel or company valulel, althoulgh institultional and pulblic ownelrship may havel an influlelncel. Micro fulndamelntals sulch as elxchangel ratels and delbt ratios (DAR and DElR) havel a significant impact; Thel elxchangel ratel has a nelgativel elffelct on financial pelrformancel, whilel a highelr delbt ratio reldulcels company valulel. Financial pelrformancel, melasulreld throulgh ElPS, ROEl, and DAR, grelatly influlelncels company valulel. Bootstrapping analysis shows that ownelrship strulctulrel, macro fulndamelntals and micro fulndamelntals havel a significant elffelct on financial pelrformancel and company valulel. Financial pelrformancel is thel main factor that deltelrminels company valulel. This relselarch elmphasizels thel importancel of stratelgiels to improvel financial pelrformancel and elffelctivel ownelrship managelmelnt to increlasel company valulel in thel Indonelsian oil and gas indulstry. Thel relselarch relsullts providel valulablel insights for company managelrs, invelstors and fultulrel relselarchelrs to delvellop belttelr stratelgiels

A balanced DER can increase company value. Appropriate managerial ownership can increase company value. This research aims to analyze the influence of capital structure with the DER proxy and corporate governance with the managerial ownership proxy both partially and simultaneously on firm value with the MVE proxy in BUKU 4 banking companies that IPO on the IDX for the 2019-2023 period. In this research, quantitative research methods were used. The population used was companies participating in the banking group that conducted an IPO on the IDX from 2019 to 2023. The sampling method used a purposive sampling method so that 6 banks were selected. The research data was processed using the classic Asumi test, multiple linear regression analysis, partial test, simultaneous test, and coefficient of determination test. The results of this study show that the data does not have econometric problems. Partially, DER has a positive and significant effect on MVE as evidenced by t count > t table and significant values ​​< 0.05 or 5,038 > 1,701 and 0.000 < 0.05. Partially, managerial ownership has a positive and significant effect on MVE as evidenced by t count > t table and significant values ​​< 0.05 or 3,105 > 1,701 and 0.004 < 0.05. Simultaneously DER and managerial ownership have a positive and significant effect on MVE as evidenced by calculated f > f table 21,356 > 4,200 and a significant value of 0.000 < 0.005.

This study aims to investigate the effect of macro fundamental analysis and ownership structure on firm value in the context of automotive subsector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2018-2022. This study also identifies capital structure and financial performance as intervening variables that mediate the correlation between the independent variables (macro fundamental analysis and ownership structure) and the dependent variable (firm value). This study utilizes a quantitative approach with secondary data obtained from company financial statements and Indonesian macroeconomic data. The analysis method uses Smart PLS (Partial Least Squares). The results of this study indicate that macro fundamental analysis and ownership structure have a significant influence on firm value through capital structure and financial performance. The implication of this study is the importance of effective management of these factors to increase firm value in the long run.

This study aims to assess the feasibility of the Lontong Tuyuhan MSME business which has a location in Tuyuhan Village, Rembang Regency in Pancur District. The data analysis methods used are revenue analysis, profit analysis, cost analysis, and also business feasibility analysis using the Revenue Cost Ratio (R/C Ratio), Return On Investment (ROI), and Benefit Cost Ratio (B/C Ratio) analysis tools. ). This study uses qualitative research methods with primary data collection tools in the form of observation, questionnaires, interviews, and documentation. Data was obtained through 6 informants, namely the owner of the Lontong Tuyuhan MSME business which has a location in Tuyuhan Village, Rembang Regency in Pancur District. The Lontong Tuyuhan MSME business that has been researched can be said to be adequate to run with an average R/C Ratio of 2.11 B/C Ratio of 1.11 and ROI of 171.30%. The Lontong Tuyuhan MSME business that was observed had an estimated average revenue of IDR 31,322,500/month. With an average monthly capital excluding initial capital with a nominal value of IDR 14,893,425/month and an average profit of IDR 16,429,075/month.

The background to this thesis is that apart from Muslim customers, there are also non-Muslim customers who are gold pawning customers at the Pekanbaru branch of Bank Syariah Mandiri. The aim of this research is to find out the motives of non-Muslim communities for using gold pawning financing services at Bank Syariah Indonesia Jambi Branch Office and to find out how Islamic economics views the motives of non-Muslim communities for using gold pawning financing services at Bank Syariah Indonesia Jambi Branch Offices. The population in this study was 4 non-Muslim customers who used the gold pawn financing services of Bank Syariah Indonesia, Jambi City Branch. This research is field research or what is known as field research. The location of this research is Bank Syariah Indonesia, Jambi City. The sample in this research was all non-Muslim customers, namely 4 people who used gold pawning financing services at Bank Syariah Indonesia, Jambi City. After the author conducted research, it can be concluded that the motive for non-Muslim people to become gold pawning customers at Bank Syariah Indonesia Jambi City Branch is because non-Muslim customers need capital, such as to sell in markets. Some of the motives used by non-Muslim customers are personal motives, cultural motives, religious motives, stimuli, Islamic economic views on the motives of non-Muslim communities for using gold pawn financing services at the Pekanbaru branch of Bank Syariah Mandiri in accordance with the rules of Allah SWT, leading to the achievement of goodness, prosperity, helping humans to achieve success.

The aim to be achieved in this research is to find out the socio-economic status and empowerment of fishing fishermen. The method used to answer the problems in this research is a literature review using secondary data sources. The results of the research show that the social and economic conditions of the capture fishermen group can certainly be seen from the types of fishermen, the first of which is boat charter fishermen, where they have a more stable social and economic status. Second, fishermen in the labor category where these fishermen have the most worrying social and economic status. Third, owner fishermen, where this type of fisherman has good social and economic status. Fourth, entrepreneurs in this mechanism are at the most important social and economic strata. Empowerment that can be carried out is First, the revitalization of ships and fishing gear, which in this case is realized by the government through the formation of groups. Second, empowerment that can be carried out is by providing capital assistance to fishermen where the mechanism for providing assistance can be implemented on a rolling basis using regional money. Third, conduct training for fishermen