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Law No. 19 of 2013 on the Protection and Empowerment of Farmers aims to improve farmers' welfare through various programs, including fertilizer subsidies. However, the distribution of subsidized fertilizers often faces issues such as misallocation, delays, and misuse. The Farmer Card (Kartu Tani), an innovation to facilitate the distribution of subsidized fertilizers, has significant potential to address these problems. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the Farmer Card in the distribution of subsidized fertilizers, identify the challenges faced by farmers in its use, and propose solutions for the optimization of the Farmer Card. Using a descriptive qualitative approach through literature review, this study finds that the main challenges include technical issues, lack of socialization, bureaucratic hurdles, and farmers' distrust of new technology. Proposed solutions include enhancing technological infrastructure, providing intensive training for farmers, and simplifying administrative procedures. The study's results indicate that improvements in these aspects can enhance the effectiveness and transparency of subsidized fertilizer distribution through the Farmer Card.

This study examines the ongoing process of transitioning archive storage systems to digital formats within both governmental and private organizations, with a specific focus on assessing the benefits and drawbacks associated with digital applications. Moreover, this study also compares various aspects of archive management between state and private companies, including archive storage principles, storage systems, equipment and supplies, recording systems, lending systems, maintenance and care, and manual archive evaluation. The study utilized a descriptive approach with a qualitative method. Information was gathered through interviews pertinent to the research objectives. Findings revealed both commonalities and distinctions in the management of archives between public and private enterprises. Both types of companies use digital systems for records management, but there are differences in the applications used. Private companies use an application called Dynamics AX, which has advantages in terms of flexibility and integration with other management systems, but also has disadvantages in terms of high costs and training needs. On the other hand, state companies use the West Java Electronic Document Information System (SIDEBAR), which is more focused on administrative needs and government documentation, and has advantages in terms of accessibility and regulatory compliance, but disadvantages in terms of limited features and technical support. A further comparison shows that record-keeping systems in private companies tend to be more modern with the use of the latest technology, while state companies are more conservative with an emphasis on compliance with government regulations and standards. The equipment and supplies used by private companies are more sophisticated, while state companies prioritize simplicity and cost efficiency. In terms of loan and maintenance systems, private companies have faster and more efficient procedures, while state companies have stricter and more organized procedures. In general, this study finds that the conversion of archives into digital formats brings considerable advantages to both state-owned and private companies, though each faces unique hurdles during the process. Ongoing assessment and adjustments to systems are crucial for enhancing the effectiveness and efficiency of record management across both sectors.    

Sexual violence poses a significant danger to the safety and well-being of individuals in higher education settings. Within this framework, educational institutions have an obligation to provide protection, assistance, and appropriate procedures for victims and perpetrators of sexual violence. This article discusses the implementation of Law No. 12 of 2022 on the Protection of Women in the Prevention and Handling of Sexual Violence in higher education using the literature study method. The main objective of this article is to examine the methodology used by higher education institutions in implementing the law to prevent and handle cases of sexual violence. By reviewing various literature sources such as academic literature, research reports, and government policies, this article provides an overview of the steps taken by higher education institutions to comply with the law. The conclusions of this literature review are expected to provide valuable perspectives for stakeholders, including universities, government agencies, and advocacy groups, to strengthen women's protection and promote a safe and inclusive academic environment.

Perioperative anesthesia management is divided into preoperative preparation, intraoperative services (during the operation), and postoperative services. Preoperative anesthetic management is the first step in a series of anesthetic procedures carried out on patients who are planned to undergo surgery. Intraoperative anesthesia management is carried out by pre-induction, induction and maintenance assessments. Postoperative anesthetic management consists of discontinuing the anesthetic drug and stabilizing the patient.

The transfer of land ownership is often done through sales and purchases. People who are under guardianship may also do the transaction through specific procedures that have been regulated in Indonesia. This research aims to answer the two problem formulations raised, namely what are the requirements for the sale and purchase of land and buildings by sellers who are under guardianship due to a stroke based on the laws and regulations in Indonesia and what are the legal consequences of buying and selling land and buildings by sellers who are suffering from a stroke (Case Study of Supreme Court Decision Number 3586 K/Pdt/2020)? This normative-empirical legal research uses a law and case approach by obtaining data through literature studies and interviews. A seller who is under guardianship due to a stroke must have a court determination regarding guardianship and the appointment of a curator to represent him in carrying out legal acts of buying and selling land and buildings. Because the seller who was suffering from a stroke in the case study was not proven to be incompetent, the Sale and Purchase Deed was legally valid.

This study set out to ascertain whether the provincial governments of West Java and DKI Jakarta will adopt a performance-oriented budgeting approach. A case study using a qualitative methodology is the research technique employed. This study makes use of secondary data that is comparative-analyzed from a variety of literary sources, including government publications, news articles, and journals. The results of this exploratory inquiry demonstrate that a full paradigm shift in the issue between legislative and executive policies that result in system change is still lacking in consistency and completeness. This is because old procedures are being used, and their size and cost requirements are unclear. What is needed is an integrated monitoring system that, with the support of regional leaders and without any sectoral ego among field agents, other areas could adopt. Then, greater budget transparency must keep pushing government organizations to use faster, higher-quality electronic procurement of products and services, or e-procurement (e-proc).

Airport Operation Landside and Terminal (Aolt) officers still often find field inspections and find findings stating that the facilities in the airport terminal area are functioning normally, the facilities are normal and the toilets are clean and fragrant and dry, all findings are documented to be reported and repairs are carried out by the relevant units to carry out checks and all activities and findings regarding damage to facilities are reported in the manual log book recording and the my inspection application. This researcher aims 1). Knowing the performance of AOLT officers at Adisutjipto Yogyakarta International Airport.2). Find out what the role of officers is in inspecting facilities at the Yogyakarta Adisutjipto International Airport terminal. 3). Knowing the efforts of AOLT officers in overcoming obstacles to inspection of facilities at Adisutjipto International Airport. This research uses qualitative methods. Research subjects and objects, researchers are supported by data collectors using observation methods, interview methods, and documentation methods with supporting documents at the Airport Operation Landside and Terminal (Aolt) units to answer the research problem formulation, the researchers carried out 3 stages of data analysis techniques consisting of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions and verification. The results of this research show that 1) AOLT officers have compliance with good inspection procedures, adequate abilities in identifying problems, and effective reporting and communication processes, 2) Airport Operation Lanside and Terminal officers at Adisutjipto Yogyakarta International Airport have a major role in monitoring facility conditions, reporting findings, corrective actions, and coordinating with related parties. 3) In handling facilities, the solutions implemented must focus on expanding facilities, regular maintenance, improving services, and collaborating with related parties. In this way, airport toilets can become more comfortable facilities and meet higher standards.

There was a divorce that broke the relationship between a husband and a wife. But there are other attempts to unite the couple through one word called reference. This study aims to describe and analyze the different references and reference procedures between the KHI and some of the Mazhab views. The research carried out using library research with the collection of data obtained from the study of the library (library research). The data received is divided into two primary data and secondary data. Furthermore, the data analysis techniques in this research are qualitative with deductive-inductive reasoning. The results of the study show that there is a reference difference in the view of the mazhab and KHI which is the maintenance of marriage. According to Mahab Shafi'i, the reference is to restore the status of marriage law in the midst of 'iddah after the occurrence of talak Raj'i. According to the hambali reference was to return to the state of the wife after the happening of the talak raj'i and is still in the iddah without repeating the interruption. Meanwhile, according to Imam Malik the referral is the return of the wives who have been interrogated other than Ba'in, with without doing interruptions and in the time of iddah. The husband who commits a ruse is a man who is lawful, reasonable, self-righteous, and not a murderer. According to Mazhab Syafi'i, the reference must be expressed in a clear or concise manner. However, according to the scholars, including Mazhab Hanafi, referrals are usually performed orally and are usually also performed directly by spouses. When the husband and wife of the village office are required to request a letter of reference for reference to KUA by showing an act of divorce issued by the Religious Court then to the office of religious affairs with the purpose of informing the KUA to reference, conducting examination, paying the fees of the registrar of references then issued the testimony has made a reference published by KUA and revoking the marriage book

Law No. 19 of 2013 on the Protection and Empowerment of Farmers aims to improve farmers' welfare through various programs, including fertilizer subsidies. However, the distribution of subsidized fertilizers often faces issues such as misallocation, delays, and misuse. The Farmer Card (Kartu Tani), an innovation to facilitate the distribution of subsidized fertilizers, has significant potential to address these problems. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the Farmer Card in the distribution of subsidized fertilizers, identify the challenges faced by farmers in its use, and propose solutions for the optimization of the Farmer Card. Using a descriptive qualitative approach through literature review, this study finds that the main challenges include technical issues, lack of socialization, bureaucratic hurdles, and farmers' distrust of new technology. Proposed solutions include enhancing technological infrastructure, providing intensive training for farmers, and simplifying administrative procedures. The study's results indicate that improvements in these aspects can enhance the effectiveness and transparency of subsidized fertilizer distribution through the Farmer Card.

Every existing religion has procedures, systems, practices, rituals and rules that must be followed by its adherents. This article describes the opinions of experts regarding religion and Dale Cannon's ideas about the six main ways of being religious as written in his book Six Ways of Being Religious. These six ways can be found in almost every existing religion, the six ways are as follows: The Way of Scared Rite, The Way of Right Action, The Way of Devotion , The Way of Shamanic Meditation, The Way of Mystical Quest, The Way of Reasoned Inquiry.  

In science and science learning, the emphasis is on concepts related to people's lives and the environment. Students are expected to have basic abilities for logical and critical thinking, curiosity, inquiry, problem solving, and skills in social life. The humanistic learning model views students as subjects who are free to determine the direction of their lives. Students are directed to be fully responsible for their own lives and also for the lives of others. In this research, researchers used a qualitative research approach. Several approaches that are worth using in this method are dialogical, reflective and expressive approaches. The dialogical approach invites students to think together critically and creatively. The teacher does not act as a teacher who only provides material intake that students need as a whole, but the teacher only acts as a facilitator and dialogue partner. The population in this research is all teachers and students. Meanwhile, the samples taken in this research were school principals, science and science teachers and students. Humanistic education in science and science learning is an alternative in realizing education that has a very significant influence on future generations. Applying humanistic education in learning can increase students' intrinsic motivation. So that students tend to be enthusiastic and involve themselves actively in learning when they are listened to, appreciated, cared for and treated well. Applying humanistic education to the science and science learning process grade V at SD Negeri 050728 Tanjung Pura can be done using procedures such as planning, implementation and evaluation.

This article aims to find out about the process of receiving revenue from the Karawang BAPENDA tax sector, with a focus on recording, reporting. the reason can provide valuable insight for local governments in increasing effectiveness and efficiency in local tax management. this research method is qualitative using descriptive analysis, which is a research method that tries to describe the object. The results of the study indicate the process of receiving local revenue from the Karawang BAPENDA tax sector by using Sipadi and after being inputted, a tax form is made, namely SSPD, to be submitted to employees and then paid according to tax and will receive STBP and STS will also be made by using the system, it will be more efficient in errors between systems and humans. obstacles in the receipt of local revenue by Bapenda Karawang related to deposit certificates, local tax payment certificates, and proof of payment certificates include data entry errors, incomplete documents, difficulty verifying payments, and technical problems in administration and reporting systems. To address these issues, Bapenda Karawang could improve officer training, use advanced information technology, and increase transparency of financial reporting. Additional measures include strengthening coordination between units, periodic evaluation of systems and procedures, and providing easy and clear access to local revenue information to the public.

This research is motivated by several problems that: There are several things that have been identified in relation to the implementation of the national health insurance policy on public health services, such as: In supporting the success of health services and reducing health costs for the community, the government in collaboration with PT. Health Insurance holds a Community Health Insurance (Jamkesmas) program. Social Health Insurance services include first-level outpatient care, advanced outpatient care, inpatient care, drug services, childbirth, advanced diagnostic support services, medical equipment and supplement services, operative and non-operative medical procedures, medical rehabilitation services, intensive care Intensive Care Unit (ICU), hemodialysis (dialysis), and emergency services. The method used is a qualitative descriptive method. The results of the study show that: Based on the results of the analysis, it is known that in the service process, both the Jamkesmas pattern and the JKN pattern, are carried out in accordance with the service procedures, namely: self-esteem, meeting expectations (exceed expectations), improvement and rediscovery, forward-looking (vision), continuous improvement (improving), full attention (care, empathy), finally always holding empowerment (empowerment). The obstacles faced by employees in implementing the Jamkesmas and JKN patterns in public health services in Pangandaran Regency are: (1) access to health center services is still limited to certain diseases; (2) the availability of expert personnel is still minimal, (3) the availability of nurses is still limited; (4) the availability of other professional personnel such as pharmacists is still lacking; (5) inpatient facilities are still lacking and so on, which results in less than optimal service. Efforts made by employees in overcoming obstacles when implementing the Jamkesmas and JKN patterns in public health services in Pangandaran Regency are (1) improving access to health center services; (2) adding expert personnel, (3) adding nurses; (4) adding professional personnel; (5) improving inpatient facilities.

Digital literacy is the ability to obtain, understand, and use information based on various digital sources. Information and communication technology development was increasing rapidly, and the Republic of Indonesia Constitution number 14 year 2005 demanded professional teachers be able to utilize digital technology and assess the validity of information from digital sources. Gilster said there are four aspects of digital literacy competence: internet searching, guidance of hypertext, evaluation of information content, and knowledge assembly. The researcher focuses on the problem of the digital literacy ability of Islamic education teachers and civil servants in Islamic education learning. The type of this research is field research with descriptive and qualitative approaches, which did not produce statistical analysis procedures or quantification methods. However, the research was analyzed through illustrations, narrative and interpretive words. Data collection was carried out through interviews, observation, and documentation. The research results showed that: First, based on the internet searching for Islamic Education teachers at MTsN 1 Hulu Sungai Tengah and MTsN 3 Hulu Sungai Tengah can search the information on the internet using search engines. Second, the ability to guide hypertext or hypertextual navigation of Islamic Education teachers at MTsN 1 Hulu Sungai Tengah and MTsN 3 Hulu Sungai Tengah still require a deeper understanding. Third, based on the ability to evaluate the information content of Islamic Education teachers at MTsN 1 Hulu Sungai Tengah and MTsN 3 Hulu Sungai Tengah, Islamic Education teachers still need to be more critical of the information that they find on the internet. Fourth, the ability to have a knowledge assembly for Islamic Education teachers at MTsN 1 Hulu Sungai Tengah and MTsN 3 Hulu Sungai Tengah also still needs deeper knowledge and understanding. Fifth, the ways implementation of digital literacy in the learning process of Islamic Education are using a computer laboratory, a laptop, and LCD to convey the information or material from the internet.

Background: Spinal (subaracnoid) anesthesia is a regional anesthesia with the injection of local anesthetic drugs into the subarachnoid space. Spinal anesthesia can be given for procedures involving the lower limbs, pelvis, and perineum. Patients with spinal anesthesia are evaluated to determine whether or not the patient can be transferred to the ward. The indicator currently used is the Bromage Score, which is an indicator of the achievement of lower limb movement ability. The Bromage Score is an instrument for assessing the strength of the lower extremity muscles in patients after spinal anesthesia (Texas Children's Hospital, 2016). Full motion assessment score 0, unable to move the leg extremities score 1, unable to flex, but able to move the total leg score 2, unable to move the leg score 3. Purpose: To determine the effect of passive ROM exercises of the lower extremities with bromage score acceleration in post-spinal anesthesia patients. Research method: Using a quasi-experimental method with a posttest only control group design. The sample of this study amounted to 20 respondents, 10 respondents in the intervention group and 10 respondents in the control group. The intervention group performed passive ROM and the control group did not perform passive ROM. Sampling was done by consecutive sampling. The research instrument was an observation sheet, a watch. Results: The results of the statistical test used were Mann Whitney, after the P Value test = 0.000 (P Value <0.005). Conclusion: There is an influence between passive ROM exercises of the lower extremities and the acceleration of the bromage score in post-spinal anesthesia patients in the conscious recovery room.

The integration of metaverse technology in employee training has the potential to significantly enhance digital skills, collaboration, and overall learning outcomes in virtual workspaces. This study explores the effectiveness of metaverse-based training compared to traditional methods, focusing on participant engagement, learning retention, and practical application in immersive virtual environments. The results indicate that metaverse technology leads to increased participant engagement, offering real-time communication, interactive simulations, and realistic task scenarios that foster deeper involvement and better skill acquisition. Additionally, the immersive nature of metaverse platforms improves learning effectiveness, especially for high-risk tasks such as medical procedures and technical skills that benefit from hands-on experience. However, challenges such as technological barriers, infrastructure limitations, and initial resistance from employees were identified, requiring organizations to provide adequate support and training for smooth adoption. While the upfront costs of developing and maintaining metaverse training platforms are significant, the long-term benefits—such as scalability, reduced need for physical resources, and enhanced training outcomes—outweigh these initial investments. Organizations looking to implement metaverse-based training solutions should carefully consider the required technological infrastructure, support for employees, and privacy concerns. Future research should explore advancements in metaverse technology, including AI integration, and investigate the broader adoption of these technologies across various industries, focusing on overcoming adoption barriers and measuring their long-term impact on workforce development.

Occupational safety and health (K3) is an important aspect that must be considered in the workplace to maintain employee welfare and increase company productivity. This research aims to evaluate the implementation of K3 at PT. Medan Smart Jaya and its impact on employees and the company as a whole. Through analysis of the results and discussion, it is concluded that the implementation of K3 at PT. Medan Smart Jaya has provided positive results. The work safety programs implemented have succeeded in reducing the number of work accidents, reducing injury rates and increasing employee productivity. These results show that the company is committed to creating a safe and healthy work environment for all employees. However, there are several aspects that still need to be considered in order to increase the effectiveness of implementing K3 in PT. Medan Smart Jaya. First, work safety training programs need to be refined and updated regularly to remain relevant to technological and regulatory developments. Second, employees' active involvement in work safety and health efforts needs to be increased, so that they feel responsible for the safety of themselves and their colleagues. Third, routine monitoring and evaluation needs to be carried out periodically to ensure that all safety procedures and regulations are strictly followed by all employees. Fourth, companies must continue to promote a safety culture in the workplace through various means, such as providing rewards for good safety practices and improving communication about work safety issues. By taking these steps, PT. Medan Smart Jaya can continue to improve the implementation of K3, creating a safer, healthier and more productive work environment for all employees. Apart from that, the company can also strengthen its reputation as a workplace that is responsible and oriented towards employee welfare.

The aim of this research is to find out whether the accounting information system for cash receipts and disbursements is running effectively and efficiently. Meanwhile, the benefit of this research is as material for consideration and input in improving cash receipt and disbursement procedures at PT. Pelindo Daya Sejahtera, and to produce a Web-Based Cash Receipts and Disbursements Application Program. In this research the author used primary data and secondary data such as interview results, observations and documentation.The theoretical framework is to analyze the Cash Receipts and Disbursements Accounting Information System, namely by analyzing the information needed by management, related functions, procedural networks, documents and accounting records used, as well as document flowcharts.From this research it was found that all cash recording at PT Pelindo Daya Sejahtera is still semi-manual, namely using Microsoft Excel. The author suggests that PT Pelindo Daya Sejahtera use the Web-Based Cash Receipts and Disbursements Application Program to help record cash receipts and disbursements data, as well as make it easier to create reports effectively and efficiently.      

This research was conducted because the author observed the conditions at the Ciamis Regency Regional Financial and Asset Management Revenue Office, which showed that some employees had suboptimal performance even though they already had adequate competence. This low performance is caused by a lack of attention and support from leaders, lack of cooperation between divisions, employee competencies that are still below organizational expectations, and rapid development of information technology that is not balanced by the improvement of knowledge, skills, and work attitudes of employees. As a result, the results of the work produced have not been optimal. Many employees lack discipline in carrying out the rules and work procedures set by the organization, which can also be seen from the untimely attendance and the presence of employees who are absent from their duties. Employee empowerment is also uneven because employees who have the necessary skills are limited, so more work is done by certain employees only. The delegation of work is also often not accompanied by a complete explanation to the recipient, causing the completion of the work to exceed the set time target and the quality of the work is not optimal. The purpose of this research is to study, know, and analyze the influence of the work environment, competence, and empowerment on employee performance. This study uses an explanatory survey method with a quantitative approach, as well as descriptive and inferential statistical data analysis techniques with correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis tools. The results of the study show that the work environment, competence, and empowerment are empirically in high condition, and have a significant influence on employee performance. A good work environment, very high competence, and optimal empowerment have a positive effect on high employee performance.

This research was conducted at the Baun weekly market. The background to this research is markets that should provide quality, clean and halal food, however carrying out trade in animal meat that does not comply with sales standards. The problem studied is animal husbandry procedures in selecting livestock for farming slaughter at the baun market and the role of supervisor and responsibilities of the district livestock service Kupang, the role of breeders in terms of consumer protection regarding the sale of animal meat (Cow and Pork) at the baun market. This research uses empirical methods or methods with data obtained from direct interviews in the field. 1) Procedures for cattle breeders and pigs to be slaughtered according to procedures and supervised directly by the livestock service Kupang Regency and the quality of the meat produced is safe and high quality at the Baun market. 2) Supervision of animals and animal meat (beef and pork) is carried out by veterinarians, breeders, Kupang district livestock service, BPOM, health service, (LPPOM MUI), (BPKN), (LSPK), market foremen, and sub-district/district governments.