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The problem of substance abuse has made all countries in the world worried. The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime  noted that at least 271 million people worldwide or 5.5% had consumed substances in 2017. The dangers of substance abuse in users have an impact on biological, psychological and social aspects. These various adverse impacts will certainly have an impact on psychological conditions and a decrease in self-esteem, which in turn can lead to a decrease in quality of life. Community therapy is a treatment that uses a psychosocial approach, a community of addicts who help each other to recover and keep quitting substances. Implementation of drug rehabilitation with community therapy methods can improve psychopathology, self-image and quality of life.  

Background: Life in prison can trigger stress that affects blood pressure. One way to control blood pressure in hypertensive patients is to use non-pharmacological therapy interventions. One of them is to use autogenic relaxation and music therapy methods. Purpose: This study aimed to determine the effect of autogenic and music therapy on reducing blood pressure for inmates. Method: The research method is quasi-experimental, with one group pretest and posttest design. This research was conducted in a prison in the Surabaya area. The total sample of this study is 20 respondents. Result: After autogenic and music relaxation therapy, participants with normal blood pressure levels increased to 60%. Based on the Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test result, it's known that p-value = 0,001 with (?<0.05), which means this program may affect participants' blood pressure. Conclusion: The use of autogenic and music therapy may reduce blood pressure. This program significantly lowered participants' perception of stress, and it enhanced their perception of health

Baground: The coverage of infants who received exclusive breastfeeding at the M. Taha Health Center was 59.26%, the last of the 14 health centers in Bengkulu Selatan Regency, due to one of the reasons for the lack of milk production. Oxytocin massage is one solution to overcome the non-smooth milk production. Purpose: The purpose of this research is to study the effect of oxytocin massage therapy on the smoothness of breast milk in post partum’s women in the M. Taha Health Center, Bengkulu Selatan Regency. Method: This is research uses a pre-experimental with the One Group Pre-Test and Post Test Design Method. The population is all post partum’s women <24 hours in the working area of ??the M. Taha Health Center, Bengkulu Selatan Regency. Sampling used the Accidental Sampling technique, with a sample of 16 respondents. Data collection using interview techniques and oxytocin massage therapy treatment. Results: The results showed that from 16 respondents, the average value of the smoothness breast milk before the oxytocin massage treatment was 4.19 and the average value of the smoothness breast milk after the oxytocin massage treatment was 8.38. Conclusion: There is an effect of oxytocin massage therapy on the smoothness breast milk in post partum’s women in the Working Area of ??the M. Taha Health Center Bengkulu Selatan Regency. It is recommended to the Puskesmas that oxytocin massage therapy can be used as a permanent procedure as a post partum’s service at the Puskesmas and teach/socialize to mothers about oxytocin massage and its benefits for breast milk mothers.

People with gout arthritis complain of pain in the joints, toes, hands, knees and have never used lemongrass water to reduce joint pain and choose analgesic drugs as pain relief. Lemongrass plant contains essential oil that has chemical properties and pharmacological effects, namely a spicy and warm taste as an anti- inflammatory and relieving analgesic pain.. The purpose of this research was to find out the effect of lemongrass (cymbopogon citratus) on the reduction of gout arthritis pain in The Community In The 1st Winenet Village, Bitung. This research used a pre experimental method with one group pretest-posttest design. The population were residents who suffered from gout arthritis and who experienced joint pain. Sampling using a purposive sampling technique with the number of samples were 12 respondents using the Lamesho formula. The instruments used in this research were observation sheets and pain intensity scale measurement sheets using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). The collected data was processed by running the computer program be analyzed by a Wilcoxon Signed Rank test with the significance level α = 0,05.The results of this research indicated that there are differences in pain intensity before and after giving lemongrass, with a ρ value (0,001) < (0,05), meaning that there is an effect of giving lemongrass on reducing gout arthritis pain.The conclusion of this research is that lemongrass can be used as a non- pharmacological therapy to reduce pain in gout arthritis. It is expected that the result of this research will be useful in reducing pain in patients with gout arthritis and can be used as an additional reference for further research.    

Background: Surgery or surgery that has been planned can bring about a stress reaction in patients, both physiological and psychological stress. The occurrence of this stress can lead to a condition of preoperative patient anxiety. Planned surgical actions can cause physiological and psychological responses in patients. The psychological response that usually occurs in preoperative patients is anxiety. Research Objectives: Knowing the effect of giving spiritual therapy guided by prayer on the level of anxiety in preoperative patients with spinal anesthesia in Jombang Hospital. Research Methods: This type of research uses a quasi experimental method with a pre post test research design with a control group design. Respondents were given pretest and posttest treatment using the APAIS scale measurement. The sample in this study was 22 respondents in the intervention group and 22 respondents in the control group. The sampling technique used consecutive sampling technique. Data collection was carried out in November - June 2021. Research Results: The results of data collection were processed using the Wilcoxon test in the intervention group of 0.000 and in the control group of 0.014 and using the Mann Whitney test. Results The Mann Whitney test yielded p=0.006 (p<0.05), so Ha was accepted. Conclusion: There is a significant effect of prayer guidance therapy on the anxiety level of preoperative patients with spinal anesthesia.  

Hypertension is a condition where systolic blood pressure is more than 120 mmHg and diastolic pressure is more than 80 mmHg which can be measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg). In addition to pharmacological therapy, hypertension management can also use non-pharmacological therapies, one of which is foot soak therapy in warm water. The purpose of this research is to determine effect of warm water foot soak therapy on blood pressure in patients with hypertension at Bailang Health Center Manado City. This study uses a pre-experimental method with a one-group pretest-posttest design without a comparison group. The population with the result that 165 people patients diagnosed with hypertension. The sampling process used a probability sampling technique  with the result that 15 respondents. Data collection was observations. The data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test with a significance value (?) of 0.05. From the results of the study was that there was an effect of warm water foot soak therapy on blood pressurein patients with hypertension at Bailang Health Center Manado City with a value of p = 0.008. This p value is smaller than the value of a = 0.05. The conclusion of this study was that there was an effect of warm water foot soak therapy on blood pressurein patients with hypertension. This p value is smaller than the value of a = 0.05. It is hoped that the respondents will be able to take advantage of warm water foot soak therapy as an alternative in lowering blood pressure and this can also be done regularly.

Hydrotherapy also called hydrothermal therapy, is the use of water,in any of its forms, for the maintanance of health or the treatment of disease (Wardle, 2013). Footbath is a kind of hydrotherapy. There are many benefits of footbath hydrotherapy for patients with heart failure such as to improve and/or maintain functional ability and quality of life. The aim of this research is to identification the effectiveness of hydrotherapy for oxigen saturation of patients with heart failure. The methodology of this research is use quantitative design with one group pretest and posttest with intervention group design. This research did Maret 2023 in The Integrated Heart Centre Haji Adam Malik Medan Hospital. 16 Responden of this group. According demografi charachteristic results in intervention group found that according of age patients majority (62.5%) are older age with 56-65 years mean 55.06+ 8.71.  Second half three respondent (62,5%) is men. According to education level majority respondent is Senior High School (62.5%). More than hal of respondent (62.5%) is Heart Failure Chronic > 60 months (5 years) (Mean + SD= 31,44 + 26,63). Almost all respondents (87,5%) had a family with history heart failure too. Pre and Post Paired t-test results are significant different for oxygen saturation at intervention groups (p<0,05) (SpO2: t= -1.581, p= 0.004  ). It means the effectiveness of hydrotherapy significantly can increase spO2.  This research has found that significant different of oxigen saturation of patients with heart failure after hydrotherapy in intervention group.

Hypertension is an increase in blood pressure above normal which has a very close relationship with the elderly, so it can cause complications and cardiovascular disease if not treated properly. In the treatment of hypertension, the elderly can control blood pressure by using the Benson relaxation technique. Benson relaxation is a non-pharmacological therapy that uses the breathing relaxation method by involving the patient's belief factor. This case study aims to describe the application of Benson relaxation therapy 10-15 minutes, 2 times a day, for 3 days can reduce blood pressure in the elderly with hypertension in the Pegandan Public Health Center Semarang. The type of case study used is descriptive. The subjects used were 2 people with criteria of age > 60 years, BP 140/90 mmHg – 159/99 mmHg. The instrument used is a digital sphygmomanometer and Benson relaxation SOP. The final result of the application of Benson relaxation showed that subject I experienced a decrease in blood pressure on the first day, namely 158/92 mmHg to 138/84 mmHg on the third day, subject II experienced a decrease in blood pressure on the first day, namely 158/86 mmHg to 130/76 mmHg on the third day. The level of family independence of the two subjects increased from the level of independence of III to IV. Benson relaxation is recommended to help lower blood pressure in the elderly with hypertension

A nurse is someone who works and provides excellent and quality service 24 hours a day, so a nurse must be in good physical condition. The condition of the body which should be in the rest phase must be conditioned on working conditions which can result in work stress and end in work fatigue. Work fatigue is a tired condition felt by a person which is also characterized by a decrease in work productivity. Workload is the volume of work of nurses in a hospital unit. This study aims to determine the relationship between nurse characteristics and workload with work fatigue in inpatient rooms at the Tanjungpinang City Regional Hospital. The design of this research is cross sectional. The sample in this study was 86 patients treated at the Tanjungpinang City Regional Hospital using a total sampling technique and the data were analyzed using the chi square test. The results show that there is a relationship between workload and the level of fatigue in inpatient nurses at Tanjungpinang City Regional Hospital with a p value of 0.000. It is recommended that nurses should carry out Benson therapy after providing nursing care so that the level of fatigue can be reduced, understand the work and duties of nursing so that nurses can carry out their duties according to applicable regulations, and make the best use of rest time.

Stres merupakan reaksi seseorang baik fisik maupun emosional apabila ada perubahan dari lingkungan yang mengharuskan seseorang menyesuaikan diri. Salah satu teknik non-farmakologi yang dapat digunakan untuk menurunkan stres yaitu dengan terapi musik karena penggunaan terapi musik dapat mengaktifkan syaraf menjadi rileks sehingga dapat membuat tubuh dan pikiran menjadi tenang dan perasaan menjadi nyaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menurunkan tingkat stres dimasa pandemi covid-19. Desain penelitian one group pre test and post test design menggunakan metode kuantitatif eksperimen. Tehnik pengambilan sampel purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukan tingkat stres sebelum dilakukan terapi musik mayoritas stres sedang dan setelah dilakukan terapi musik berubah menjadi mayoritas stres ringan. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan tingkat stres sebelum dan sesudah dilkukan terapi musik. Disarankan kepada masyarakat dapat menjadikan terapi ini sebagai alternatif untuk menurunkan tingkat stres di masa pandemi covid-19.    

Period teenager is period of the reproductive system already experience maturity for reproduce so that on period teenager also already experience menstruation. wrong a common syndrome happen in the menstrual process is painful period. this syndrome the symptoms different different each individual wrong only one is dizziness,nausea,abdominal pain, constipation until faint so that could disturbing activity. For resolve problem the can do  treatment in a manner pharmacology with consume drugs and can also use remote method  more safe from on consuming medicine is method therapy acupressure. Purpose devotion this give education about acupressure therapy as alternative method for treat painful period. live use method belended learning (lectures, QandA, and practicum) was carried out for 33 female students to make it easy understand what is conveyed and capable apply it in life everyday.Results activity counseling this is happen enhancement significant to knowledge female student about acupressure method for treat dysmenorrhea

Birth Ball is a birth ball that can be used by mothers in labor in the first stage to a position that can help progress labor. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the Birth Ball on reducing the intensity of labor pain during the first active phase. The type of research used in this study was a quasy experiment. The research was conducted at PMB Karmila, Bantan District. The population in this study were all third trimester pregnant women. The sample in this study were 20 pregnant women using purposive sampling. Data analysis was carried out univariately, bivariately using the T-Dependent statistical test (paired T-Test). The results showed that there was an effect of birth ball on the intensity of labor pain in the first stage. to the community, especially primigravida women who experience labor pain to be able to do birth ball therapy to reduce the level of pain in the first stage of labor.\      

Background :Hospitalization is a critical condition in children, when the child is sick and is being treated in the hospital. Hospitalization can be considered as a threatening experience and becomes a stressor so that it can cause a crisis for children and families. In an effort to reduce the impact of children from hospitalization experienced by children during child care, we need a medium that can express anxiety, one of which is coloring picture therapy. Data from the Children's Room at Adjidarmo Rangkasbitung hospital found that children who were hospitalized from January to June 2022 had 979 cases of hospitalized children or an average of 163 cases per month. Writing purpose :the effect of giving play therapy coloring pictures on reducing stress due to the impact of hospitalization in pre-school-aged children at Adjidarmo Rangkasbitung Public Hospital, Banten Research methods :This study used a pre-experimental denham design with one group pretest-posttest design. One-group pre-post test design to obtain stress level data before and after the intervention. The number of samples in this study were 32 pre-school children who fit the inclusion criteria. The instrument used for data collection used a questionnaire and then the data were analyzed using the paired t test. Research result :the average stress on children due to hospitalization before the intervention was given was 21.09 pont or included in the moderate category and after the intervention became 13.13 or included in the moderate. There is an effect of giving play therapy coloring pictures to reduce stress due to hospitalization in pre-school-aged children at Adjidarmo Rangkasbitung Hospital, Banten with a p value of 0.000. Conclusions and recommendations:Image coloring play therapy can be effective in reducing stress in children due to hospitalization, therefore health workers can apply image coloring play interventions to children who are hospitalized

One of the decline in body systems experienced by adult women is the urinary system. In an adult woman, the decrease in the hormone estrogen causes atrophy of the urethral tissue and the effects of childbirth cause weakness of the pelvic floor muscles which can lead to disturbances in controlling urine output, which is called urinary incontinence. The impact of urinary incontinence is experiencing irritation in the area around the vagina, feeling embarrassed, withdrawing from the environment and can lead to depression. Efforts that can be made to overcome urinary incontinence include non-pharmacological therapy in the form of Kegel exercises. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of urinary incontinence before and after being given Kegel exercises. This study uses a quantitative method with a Quasi Experimental design with a Pre-post test approach to Non-equivalent Control Group, the sample in this study amounted to 39 respondents with a sampling technique using purposive sampling. The results of this study showed that the average level of mild urinary incontinence in pre-test women in the intervention group I was 12 people (60%) and post-test was 15 people (75%) then 5 people were normal (25%). While the level of mild urinary incontinence in pre-test women in the intervention group II was 9 people (47.4%) and at the post-test as many as 16 people (84.2%) then found normal as many as 3 people (15.8% )    

Preoperative actions can have a psychological impact on patients such as fear and anxiety. To overcome anxiety can be done pharmacologically and non- pharmacologically. One of the non-pharmacological therapies to reduce anxiety is instrumental music therapy. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of instrumental music on anxiety in preoperative patients in the Lukas Inpatient Room, Santo Vincentius Hospital Singkawang. The method used is a quasi-experimental design with Pre And Post Test Without Control. Sampling was carried out using the Probability Sampling technique with the Simple random sampling technique with a total sample of 31 people. The method of data collection was using the APAIS questionnaire sheet and MP3 instrumental music. Data analysis used was univariate and bivariate analysis using the Saphiro-Wilk normality test, probability value (sig) <0.05 and non-parametric Wilcoxon test obtained p-value 0.000 <0.05. This study shows that most of the patients before being given instrumental music therapy experienced high anxiety by 51.6%, the level of anxiety after being given instrumental music decreased to moderate anxiety by 38.7%. There is an effect between before being given instrumental music therapy and after being given instrumental music therapy to preoperative patients in the St. The results of the study can be proposed as a suggestion in the management of anxiety at the General Hospital of Santo Vincentius Singkawang by using instrumental music in preoperative patients

Preoperative actions can have a psychological impact on patients such as fear and anxiety. To overcome anxiety can be done pharmacologically and non- pharmacologically. One of the non-pharmacological therapies to reduce anxiety is instrumental music therapy. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of instrumental music on anxiety in preoperative patients in the Lukas Inpatient Room, Santo Vincentius Hospital Singkawang. The method used is a quasi-experimental design with Pre And Post Test Without Control. Sampling was carried out using the Probability Sampling technique with the Simple random sampling technique with a total sample of 31 people. The method of data collection was using the APAIS questionnaire sheet and MP3 instrumental music. Data analysis used was univariate and bivariate analysis using the Saphiro-Wilk normality test, probability value (sig) <0.05 and non-parametric Wilcoxon test obtained p-value 0.000 <0.05. This study shows that most of the patients before being given instrumental music therapy experienced high anxiety by 51.6%, the level of anxiety after being given instrumental music decreased to moderate anxiety by 38.7%. There is an effect between before being given instrumental music therapy and after being given instrumental music therapy to preoperative patients in the St. The results of the study can be proposed as a suggestion in the management of anxiety at the General Hospital of Santo Vincentius Singkawang by using instrumental music in preoperative patients

Foot sensitivity is very important for people with Diabetes Mellitus because of the risk causing trauma, because there is a decrease in sensitivity, the feet of people with diabetes mellitus often do not feel stimulation, and wounds often occur so that they can make the wound bigger and smelly or diabetic ulcers occur and make sufferers experience a decrease in self-confidence.The purpose of this research is to know the effects of diabetic foot exercise on foot sensitivity of patients for Diabetes mellitus Type 2 at Talawaan Health Centre. This research is quantitative study through using experimental research. Involving the sample of 15 respondents and  used the sampling technique with total sampling. Collecting and processing using the Wilcoxon test with P Value of 0.001 with value (? = 0.05). The result of this study indicates that Ha is accepted, and Ho is rejected. The conclusion of study that can be drawn is that there is an effect that foot exercise therapy on has patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 in the Talawaan Health Centre.

Amyloidosis is a term for various groups of diseases with lots of amyloid protein in organs and/or tissues, causing disease. In this condition, amyloid protein is deposited in the dermis layer of the skin which is called lichen amyloidosis. Lichen amyloidosis is the most common type of cutaneous amyloidosis. The prevalence of cutaneous amyloidosis is relatively rare, only 0.2-0.3%. It is chronic in nature which usually appears later in life. This article discusses a case of a 39-year-old female patient who came with complaints of spots on both sides accompanied by itching. These complaints have been experienced since ± 2 years ago and are felt to be getting worse in the last few months. Previously the patient had used a type of topical medication obtained from the local puskesmas, but there was no improvement. Examination of the general status found the general condition of the patient looked moderately ill, conscious awareness, vital signs within normal limits. Dermatological status obtained efflorescence in the form of macules to multiple papules with hyperpigmentation, well defined, discrete available, accompanied by scaling and lichenification. Patients were treated with oral corticosteroids (methylprednisolone), topical corticosteroids (desoximethasone) and salicylic acid. Patients are also educated to avoid scratching and rubbing on the lesions. The patient showed thinning lesions after 7 days of therapy.

This study aims to describe the condition of speech disorders experienced by children aged 5 years. Technical data collection is done through observation and interviews with children who are the object of research. The results of observations and analyzes carried out refer to psycholinguistic studies related to language disorders. It was found that the speech disorder experienced by Djiat was caused by a disturbance in his nervous system which was triggered by an injury or trauma during the prenatal period. Speech disorders are also caused by the lack of a good stimulus from the environment. Thus, children who experience difficulties in transformation really need communication activities. One of the symptoms in children with language and speech disorders is that there are pronunciation errors, both in the mechanism of the movement of the points of articulation and in the pronunciation. Handling that can be done for children who experience language and speech disorders is to do speech therapy, oral motor, and melodic intonation

Background: Pharmacoecomics has been defined as the description and analysis of the costs of drug therapy to health care systems and society. Pharmacoeconomics research identifies, measure, and compares the costs and consequences of pharmaceutical product and service. Within this framework, research and methods related to cost-minimization, cost-effectiveness, quality-of-life and other humanistic assessments are include. In-essence, pharmacoeconomics analysis uses tools for examining the impact of alternative drug therapies and other medical interventions Based on this background, the author is interested to explain about the role of Pharmacoecomics on health service in pharmacist students at Bintang Persada School, Denpasar. Purpose: The purpose of this activity is as a form of implementation of Tri Dharma Stikes Bali Wisnu Dharma Denpasar. Methods: Participants who took part in this activity were 83 students using the pretest and posttest methods. Results: The results obtained were an increase in the pretest score (before being given education) which was 62.11% to 83.22% in the posttest result (after being given education). Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between posttest scores, which increases after education is held, so pharmacoeconomics education needs to be given and pharmaceutical products utilization in health service followed by cost utillity evaluation and cost effectiveness as well as impact evaluation of quality adjusted life years of patients.