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This study aims to determine the role of communication patterns in student human relations on the emergence and dynamics of toxic relationships. Communication patterns, both verbal and nonverbal, are important elements in interactions between individuals that affect the quality of interpersonal relationships. In the context of university students, communication patterns are often influenced by the level of emotional maturity, cultural background, and social environment. Unhealthy communication patterns, such as domination, manipulation, or a tendency to avoid conflict, can be the main trigger of toxic relationships. Conversely, healthy communication with openness, empathy, and respect can prevent toxic relationships and improve problematic relationship dynamics. This research uses a type of qualitative research using the literature study method sourced from books, journals regarding the research discussed by examining the Role of Communication Patterns in Student Human Relations Against Toxic Relationship. Communication patterns have a significant role in shaping the dynamics of student relationships, including toxic relationships. Healthy communication patterns, including openness, empathy, and respect can prevent toxic relationships, while unhealthy communication patterns such as domination, manipulation, or closure, are often the main triggers. Students who lack interpersonal communication skills are vulnerable to getting trapped in toxic relationships, which can have a negative impact on their mental health and academic performance. Increased self-awareness, use of assertive communication, boundary setting, and external support are key steps to prevent or overcome toxic relationships. With positive communication patterns, students can build healthy relationships, support personal development, and create a harmonious social environment.

The Merit System is an approach that emphasizes employee assessment based on abilities, achievements, qualifications and work results carried out fairly. Work relationships include interactions between employees with both colleagues and superiors. The Merit System will run well followed by a person's work relationship running harmoniously so that a person will have a commitment to work well. A person's performance is categorized as performing well in accordance with the targets/standards set by the company. This research aims to analyze the effect of implementing the merit system and employment relations on employee performance at Bandung Adventist Hospital. The research method used was quantitative research with descriptive analysis with 89 employee respondents. The results of this research show that the implementation of the merit system does not have a significant effect on employee performance, while work relationships have a significant effect on employee performance. The combined effect of the implementation of the merit system and work relations on employee performance has a significant effect of 18.2%. From this data it can be concluded that implementing a merit system in accordance with Law No. 5 of 2014 and working relationships that have good communication can improve employee performance.

The development of the internet and technology has changed the marketing system, providing opportunities for business people to market their products through online media in promoting their products. Technological advances have created new forms of interaction and socialization, one of which is the innovation of communication technology in the form of social media. One of the most popular and trending social media today is Instagram. The use of Instagram is currently a form of online business communication strategy and Heelsaddict with the @Heelsaddict account, uses Instagram to run a business bag through the process of sending photos and sharing them widely. Heelsaddict is an online shop that sells and provides various collections of local bag products. This study aims to determine how much influence the social media account Instagram @heelsaddict has as an online business media on consumer buying interest. The concept used in this study is Instagram social media and consumer purchasing interest using the AIDA model. This study uses a quantitative method with a survey method approach, using Taro Yamane to obtain a sample of 100 respondents, Non Probability Sampling sampling technique, while the data collection technique uses questionnaires via googleform. The results of the study showed that there was a positive and significant influence between the influence of social media on buying interest with a strong level of influence.

The advancement of information and communication technology has significantly altered the ways adolescents interact and establish social relationships, particularly through social media. This study aims to examine the impact of human relations on adolescents' interactions and behaviors on social media platforms, taking into account psychological, sociological, and cultural dimensions. Employing a qualitative approach with a literature review method, this research explores interaction patterns among adolescents on platforms such as Instagram, TikTok, and Twitter. The findings reveal that social media creates virtual spaces that enhance social networks but also pose risks such as reduced quality of face-to-face interactions, social anxiety, and mental health issues. This study emphasizes how the intense use of social media reshapes traditional communication patterns and influences adolescents' behavior and self-concept. Based on these findings, strategic recommendations are proposed for parents, educators, and policymakers to guide healthy social media use, balance its benefits and drawbacks, and foster the development of more meaningful social relationships among adolescents.

This research discusses the communication strategy between sellers and buyers on social media as part of an effective marketing strategy. Social media has become a key platform in modern marketing due to its ability to create direct interaction and build relationships between sellers and buyers. The communication strategies applied include the use of relevant content, personal approach, quick response, and utilization of interactive features of social media. The results show that effective communication can increase customer engagement, build trust, expand market reach, and drive increased sales. However, there are challenges in maintaining communication consistency and facing increasing competition in the digital world. Therefore, an innovative and customer-focused approach is required to achieve success in marketing through social media. Communication strategies between sellers and buyers on social media play an important role in supporting the success of marketing strategies in the digital age. Social media has evolved into a major platform for direct interaction between sellers and buyers, offering ease of access, wide reach, and cost-effectiveness compared to traditional marketing methods. This research explores the various communication strategies used by sellers to build relationships with buyers, including the use of relevant and engaging content, a data-driven personalized approach, and prompt responses to customer needs and questions. This research concludes that an effective communication strategy on social media serves not only as a promotional tool, but also as a means to build long-term relationships between sellers and buyers. With the right approach, social media can be a powerful platform to support marketing success, increase customer satisfaction, and achieve overall business goals.

Language literacy is essential for effective communication, especially in text-based interactions where nonverbal cues are absent. This study aims to explore the mediating role of feedback in clarifying ambiguity in text messages among students. While there is already research on feedback and language literacy, there is a gap regarding how feedback can specifically address ambiguity in digital communication. Using a descriptive survey method, data was collected from 30 students at Medan State University through a questionnaire distributed via WhatsApp. The analysis results show that syntactic ambiguity is the most prevalent type, followed by semantic and referential ambiguity. The findings showed that feedback strategies such as repetition, reformulation, and explicit clarification significantly improved understanding and reduced miscommunication. Students reported that these strategies helped clarify ambiguous messages and encouraged clearer interactions with the lecturer. In conclusion, effective feedback mechanisms are essential for improving communication clarity in text messages, especially in academic contexts. This study underscores the importance of developing feedback literacy among university students to effectively navigate ambiguity, thereby improving their language literacy and overall communication skills. Further research can extend these findings by exploring different contexts and demographics to generalize the results.

In today's increasingly competitive digital business environment, entrepreneurs must develop smarter and more effective marketing strategies to promote their products. Food vloggers play a pivotal role by influencing their followers through social media content, particularly culinary reviews and personal experiences with food products, which encourage followers to purchase the recommended items. This study investigates the impact of marketing content and customer engagement on the purchase intentions of followers of the @sigerfoodies Instagram account.  Using a quantitative research approach, data were collected through questionnaires, employing a non-probability sampling method with a purposive sampling technique. The sample consisted of 140 respondents. Data analysis, including instrument validity, normality tests, multiple linear regression, and hypothesis testing, was conducted using SPSS 26. The findings indicate that both marketing content and customer engagement of @sigerfoodies significantly and positively affect the purchase intentions of culinary products in Bandar Lampung. To enhance its influence, Sigerfoodies is encouraged to organize giveaways, share engaging culinary facts, and foster interactions with followers to strengthen long-term relationships.

Financial Technology (FinTech) is an innovation in financial services that uses digital technology to provide easier, more efficient and affordable access. This article discusses the development of FinTech in Indonesia, including its role in increasing financial inclusion, providing digital banking services, electronic payments, and peer-to-peer lending business models. Through literature analysis, this article shows that FinTech has driven significant changes in financial access and interactions, especially for those in remote areas or without access to traditional financial services. Although FinTech offers many advantages, such as efficiency and ease of transactions, challenges such as limited access to technology and security risks still need to be overcome. Adaptive regulations and collaboration with traditional financial institutions are needed to maximize the potential of FinTech in supporting financial inclusion and sustainable economic development in Indonesia.

The advancement of information and communication technology has significantly altered the ways adolescents interact and establish social relationships, particularly through social media. This study aims to examine the impact of human relations on adolescents' interactions and behaviors on social media platforms, taking into account psychological, sociological, and cultural dimensions. Employing a qualitative approach with a literature review method, this research explores interaction patterns among adolescents on platforms such as Instagram, TikTok, and Twitter. The findings reveal that social media creates virtual spaces that enhance social networks but also pose risks such as reduced quality of face-to-face interactions, social anxiety, and mental health issues. This study emphasizes how the intense use of social media reshapes traditional communication patterns and influences adolescents' behavior and self-concept. Based on these findings, strategic recommendations are proposed for parents, educators, and policymakers to guide healthy social media use, balance its benefits and drawbacks, and foster the development of more meaningful social relationships among adolescents.

This study aims to analyze the role of human relations in developing effective communication in the workplace. Effective communication is one of the most important factors in an organization's success, which depends not only on technical skills, but also on the quality of interpersonal relationships between team members and managers. Healthy human relations, which involve respectful interactions, building trust, and open communication, can support the achievement of organizational goals by creating a more productive and harmonious environment. This research method uses a qualitative approach with literature analysis and literature review techniques to identify relevant theories and previous research results regarding the relationship between individuals in the workplace and their impact on organizational communication. Data sources are taken from various scientific articles, books, and journals that discuss topics about organizational communication, human relations, and work psychology. The results of this study show that positive interpersonal relationships in the workplace play a crucial role in creating effective communication. Employees who feel valued and supported by their colleagues and employers tend to be more open to communicating information, providing constructive feedback, and collaborating efficiently. Conversely, interpersonal tension or poor communication can lead to miscommunication, conflict, and decreased productivity. The research also highlights the importance of communication training and interpersonal relationship management as part of organizational development to create a better work environment and support long-term success.

This study aims to explore the dimensions of religiosity, encompassing spiritual, intellectual, emotional, ethical, and social aspects. Using library research methods, the research delves into the interactions and contributions of each dimension to religious experiences through a comprehensive analysis of various academic literature.The research findings reveal that religious dimensions are interconnected and influence individual spiritual quality. The spiritual dimension relates to personal experiences and relationships with God, the intellectual dimension focuses on understanding religious teachings, the emotional dimension regulates responses to religious practices, the ethical dimension covers moral values, and the social dimension concerns interactions within religious communities.The study identifies key challenges in religiosity, such as religious shallowness and moral crisis. As a solution, the research offers a multidimensional Islamic Religious Education (PAI) design that integrates divine, humanistic, and natural values. This approach aims to form a generation with a balance between rationality, morality, and spirituality.The research conclusion emphasizes the importance of holistic religious guidance that encourages faith strengthening, critical education, and awareness of human responsibilities. This study provides a theoretical contribution to understanding the complexity of religious experiences and developing a responsive religious education model that addresses modern challenges.Keywords: Religious Dimensions, Islamic Religious Education, Spirituality, Multidimensional, Moral  

The Medan Grand Mosque is an example of a combination of colonial and Islamic architecture in North Sumatra. Built during the Dutch colonial rule, the mosque combines elements of distinctive Western architectural design and Islamic architectural styles, creating a unique and historic work. The existence of the Medan Grand Mosque makes it an architectural icon in the region which reflects the combination of strong colonial influences with the richness of local islamic culture. This article aims to explore the development of the architecture of this mosque as a symbol of religious and cultural identity in the midst of the colonization process, as well as its role in the history of urban development in Medan. Through this study, it is hoped that we can better understand how the Medan Grand Mosque not only functions as a place of worship, but also as a visual symbol that depicts the interaction between local traditions, Islam, and the influence of colonial architecture in North Sumatra.  

This research explores the use of Augmented Reality (AR) in the prototyping of product design, focusing on mobile applications for e-commerce. The aim of this study is to evaluate how AR can enhance the prototyping process in product design, improve efficiency, and facilitate better interaction between designers and end-users. The research method involves developing a mobile application prototype with AR and testing it with end-users. The results indicate that AR accelerates the design process, improves visualization accuracy, and enhances design communication. This study provides insights into the benefits and challenges of using AR in product design.

This investigation examines the implementation of linguistic politeness in English as Foreign Language (EFL) instruction in Karawang, with particular emphasis on faculty-student interactions. Utilizing an ethnographic qualitative methodology, the research encompasses one faculty member and thirty-five, first-semester students. Data acquisition was conducted through non-participant classroom observations and semi-structured in-depth interviews. The findings demonstrate that the faculty member systematically implemented politeness strategies through indirect communication and face-threatening acts management. The incorporation of Sundanese cultural values in instruction was manifested in the utilization of address systems and modifications in communication approaches. The implementation of politeness significantly contributed to the enhancement of students' communicative competence and the establishment of a conducive learning environment. This research underscores the significance of integrating linguistic politeness and indigenous cultural values in EFL instruction to facilitate pedagogical effectiveness.  

This research is motivated by the problems of life in modern society which increasingly tends to be individualistic and fragmented, for this reason, shared values ​​are becoming increasingly important to maintain. The aim of this research is to build unity between people who have different backgrounds, both in terms of social, economic and cultural aspects. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative approach, and the qualitative method was chosen because it allows researchers to understand social phenomena in more depth, with a focus on interactions between individuals, groups and communities in the context of sacrificial sacrifice. The research concludes that the results of this article are that the sacrificial service, with all the social processes that accompany it, has a very large role in building and strengthening shared values ​​in society, creating a more inclusive environment, and strengthening social relations between individuals with different backgrounds.

The study used a qualitative descriptive approach method. The purpose of this study was to determine the acquisition of slang lexicon by teenagers on the X application, providing insight into language in the modern era, the role of social media in language development, understanding slang in forming individual and community identities in social media, and understanding rapid language changes due to technological developments. Language variety is a variation of language that differs according to the context of use, including the relationship between the speaker and the listener. Slang, as a form of variation that continues to develop, is heavily influenced by social media, especially the X application (formerly Twitter), which is the main platform for teenagers. Through interactions on social media, users learn and absorb new vocabulary quickly, which shapes their social identity. This study used a qualitative approach to analyze the slang lexicon that appears in the application, finding categories such as abbreviations, foreign words, and phonological changes. Although slang enriches communication, there is a risk of reducing the use of formal language that needs to be balanced with language literacy education.

The Use of Local Plants in Legok Hayam Cultural Village, Girimekar Village, Cilengkrang District, Bandung Regency for Tali Paranti Traditional Needs. This research aims to explore the community’s knowledge about the use of plants for Tali Paranti traditional activities. Data was collected through open interviews by visiting informants and closed surveys, including the distribution of questionnaires via Google Forms to reach all informants. The results of the study show that Coconut received the highest use value of 0.25, and the Fidelity Level was 25%. Through both qualitative and quantitative methods, this research provides insights into the interaction between the community and plants in the context of local culture.

This article examines the deployment of information network systems, namely the adoption of Indonesia One Search (IOS) in university libraries. The used methodologies include of literature reviews and online observations, designed to comprehensively analyze the implementation of IOS. A system is characterized as a collection of interacting components aimed at achieving certain objectives, while information is the outcome of data processing that serves a purpose for the receiver. This essay emphasizes the significance of cooperation among libraries in establishing efficient information networks. The text elaborates on many collaborative methods, including library acquisition, collection sharing, and inter- library lending. This partnership offers enhanced information access, resource efficiency, personnel specialization, and less material duplication. Indonesia One Search (IOS) is a unified search platform that consolidates collections from libraries, museums, archives, and electronic information sources across Indonesia. IOS, introduced by Ismail Fahmi, Ph.D., and overseen by the National Library of the Republic of Indonesia, seeks to provide extensive and accessible information for students and other users. “The iOS development process includes bibliography compilation, text analysis, and anti-plagiarism services. The functionalities provided by iOS, like full-text search and interaction with digital library apps, illustrate its capacity to fulfill information requirements in the digital age. The use of IOS at institutions, including the Indonesian Education University and the Indonesian Islamic University, demonstrates its efficacy in enhancing students' knowledge retrieval skills. This study underscores the need for libraries to adapt to user requirements in the digital age and highlights the possibilities for cooperation across libraries to enhance services via technology.  

This research aims to examine the role of environmental management in supporting the development of sustainable tourism at Asstro Highland Ciater. Apart from that, this researcher aims to find out and evaluate the concept of environmental management in order to preserve the environment. The background of this writing is because this tourist attraction relies heavily on nature. so environmental management is very important to study, several problems that want to be discussed include: 1. waste management that is not yet optimal 2. increased use of natural resources such as water and energy that is not controlled 3. as well as low awareness of tourists and local communities which has an impact on damage to local ecosystems, the method used includes in-depth interviews with tourist attraction managers and local communities to identify policies and managerial practices implemented in environmental management. Apart from that, field observations were carried out to assess environmental conditions and interactions between visitors and the natural surroundings. The main results obtained from this research were: 1. Efforts to reduce plastic waste 2. Conservation measures which include the use of water-saving equipment and energy use 3. Management can provide education to tourists regarding the importance of maintaining cleanliness and preserving nature, from this research it can recommend the development of ecotourism and strengthening sustainable tourism branding through preserving nature. 

A geographic information system are highly valuable tools that help individuals or visitors explore noteworthy destinations. Implementing GIS for online restaurant searches within Southwest Sumba Regency aims to assist users in effortlessly obtaining detailed and accurate information about restaurant locations, enabling them to identify and reach these spots efficiently. The purpose of this project is to design a GIS application that leverages the capabilities of the Google Maps API. This API represents a sophisticated set of modern programming tools that facilitate seamless interaction between different software systems. The GIS application is developed using the waterfall methodology, which emphasizes a structured software development lifecycle to ensure uniformity and operational clarity. Therefore, the results of this study, with a geographic information system mapping the location of eating restaurants can provide information to tourists, as well as the community regarding the location of eating restaurants in the Southwest Sumba Regency area quickly and easily.