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HIRARC is a document that contains hazard identification, risk assessment and risk control in order to reduce the occurrence of occupational safety and health disturbances. The type of research used is qualitative with a descriptive approach. The research aims to explain the value of the risks contained in each work area by describing the work safety analysis process by determining the level of likelihood and severity of each risk. Based on interviews and observations conducted by researchers in the Boiler section of PLTU Nii Tanasa Kendari, there are several potential dangers ranging from physical, mechanical, chemical, electrical, to ergonomic dangers. The results of the analysis of potential hazards show a low risk of 9 types of danger, a moderate risk of 7 types of danger, a high risk of 8 types of danger.The controls used are technical engineering such as providing fire extinguishers and first aid kits, installing handrails and guardrails to anticipate falls from heights, and providing insulation and dampening for equipment that is at high risk of causing work accidents. Administrative controls such as providing work instructions and SOPs, cleaning work environment areas and using PPE.

This research analyzes the dressing table products of PT XYZ using anthropometric methods, taking into consideration body measurements such as hip width, thigh length, seated body height, and elbow length. The primary objective is to assess the suitability of product dimensions with human body structure from an anthropometric perspective. The process of testing data uniformity involves calculating the average of observation results, standard deviation, and establishing upper and lower control limits with the coefficient value of k. Adequacy testing of data is conducted to evaluate the quantity of collected data. Subsequently, ideal dimensions for the dressing table product will be determined. The analysis results indicate significant differences between the initial dimensions and the ideal dimensions, concluding that adjustments to product dimensions are necessary. Therefore, it is recommended that PT XYZ make adjustments to the dimensions of the dressing table product based on anthropometric principles to enhance user comfort and customer confidence in the product.                                        

The home industry that is developing in Sading village is the sengait jaja industry. This is due to the large number of requests and relatively cheap prices. Ergonomics analysis is needed to create safe, comfortable, healthy working conditions, so as to create effective work activities and can increase productivity. The method used in this research is descriptive with observation, interview, and documentation methods. The results of this study were analyzed descriptively with an ergonomic approach. The results of this study are the occurrence of repetitive movements, bad working posture, static working positions, extreme temperatures and work stress in workers who make jaja sengait. From the results of this analysis it can be suggested by (a) redesigning the work station; (b) adapting work facilities to anthropometry and types of work, so that work attitudes can be more ergonomic; (c) work environment and carrying out exercise actions in between breaks to reduce musculoskeletal disorders, fatigue and can reduce boredom at work so that productivity increases.

Low back pain (LBP) is a non-specific condition of acute or chronic pain in or near the lumbosacral spines that can be caused by inflammatory, neoplastic, traumatic, or other disorders. Long standing can be caused discomfort for the worker’s body. A survey conducted by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in 2011, low back pain is found in the top 10 diseases in Indonesia. As for jobs that required on standing for long duration and correlation by increased risk for low back pain, one of which is in a cake company called Rotte Bakery in Pekanbaru. The production process at Rotte Bakery required a lot of human roles, especially in terms of physical aspects, allowing staffs to long standing while working which can cause ergonomic problems such as low back pain. The research conducted by observational analytic method, with a cross sectional study design. The sampling technique used accidental sampling which was statistically tested using the chi-square test. The research purposes to determine the correlation of the long standing with low back pain event on Rotte Bakery Pekanbaru city staffs 2020. The result showed that there was a relationship (p-value = 0,000) and a significant correlation (p-value < 0.05) long standing with lower back pain event on Rotte Bakery Pekanbaru city staffs. Rotte Bakery staffs advised to pay attention to standing time while working, adhere to the rules for using a complete PPE, and the company can provide education at the beginning before starting work.

One of the problems among silk sarong weavers is complaints of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs), namely the emergence of muscle complaints due to unergonomic work attitudes. Complaints that are felt include the muscles of the neck, shoulders, arms, hands, fingers, back, waist and lower muscles. The aim of this research is to determine the factors associated with MSDs complaints among silk sarong weavers in Pakanna Village, Tanasitolo District, Wajo Regency. This research is a quantitative study, using a cross sectional study approach, with a population of 124 people and a sample of 42 people selected using purposive sampling. Work posture risk assessment uses the REBA method and measurement of the level of MSDs complaints using the Nordic Body Map questionnaire. The research results showed that of the 42 respondents there were 37 (88.1%) with medium work posture risk, and 5 (11.9%) with high work posture risk. Meanwhile, for MSDs complaints, there were 21 (50.0%) who suffered from moderate MSDs complaints, 11 (26.2%) who suffered from mild MSDs complaints, and 10 (23.8%) who suffered from severe MSDs complaints. Based on the results of the chi-square test, it shows that there is a relationship between MSDs complaints and work posture (p value = 0.005), age (p value = 0.013), work period (p value = 0.002), length of work (p value = 0.000), history of illness. (p value = 0.000). Therefore, workers are advised to rest when they start to feel pain or soreness in any part of their body, and diligently stretch their muscles while working. Relevant agencies should provide education regarding work risks and work procedures in accordance with ergonomic principles.

.Degenerative diseases in the elderly, if not handled properly, will add to the state’s financial burden, which is not small. This study’s general purpose was to determine ergonomic gymnastics’s effectiveness in lowering blood pressure in the elderly. This research method uses a pre-experiment with a group pre-test and post-test design. The sample in this study amounted to 20 people, using the purposive sampling technique. The results of this study indicate that respondents before being given the intervention had blood pressure in the Stage 1 hypertension category, as many as 12 respondents (60%), and in the Stage 2 hypertension category, as many as eight respondents (40%). After being given the intervention, blood pressure in the Stage 1 hypertension category, as many as two respondents (10%), and pre-hypertension, as many as 18 respondents (90%). The chi-square statistical test showed a p-value = 0.018 (p < 0.05). These results indicate that H0 is rejected Ha is accepted, so it can be concluded that ergonomic exercises effectively reduce blood pressure in the elderly. It is recommended that health center officers socialize with the elderly by providing ergonomic exercises to reduce changes in blood pressure in elderly patients.      

Puskesmas Banyuanyar is a health facility located in Banjarsari District which has dua target areas, namely Banyuanyar Village and Sumber Village. With the boundaries of the Banyuanyar Puskesmas target area, in the north it is bordered by the working area of Boyolali Regency, in the south it is bordered by the working area of the Manahan Health Center, in the east it is bordered by the working area of the Gambirsari Health Center, and in the west it is bordered by the working area of Karanganyar Regency. Based on data from visits to the Banyuanyar Health Center physiotherapy poly, the incidence of Low Back Pain cases is found annually as many as 122 cases from 468 physiotherapy cases, this is caused by age, injury, and work factors. Pain is the main complaint that is often felt by patients in the condition of low back pain. The purpose of this program is to provide education and understanding on how to maintain low back health, prevention of low back pain and exercises that can be done at home. The method used is by providing counseling in the form of health promotion about low back pain and using leaflets as a medium of counseling, targeting the community who attend the Seruni RW 08 Sumber Elderly Posyandu. The author uses pre test and post test to determine the level of understanding of the people present. The results of the questionnaire showed an increase in participants' understanding as seen from the average pre-test score of 1.52, while the post test score obtained an average value of 8.43. This means that there is an increase in understanding of 6.91 from the average score of the questionnaire filled out by the community who attended the Seruni RW 08 Sumber Elderly Posyandu.

The fish processing industry in Cilacap district is a business that is quite popular, because processed fish is a superior product in Cilacap district, one of which is mackerel fish crackers. This is influenced by the fact that the Cilacap district is a coastal area and is a place for tourist visits so that people's interest in various food flavors is quite high. Ergonomic analysis is needed to create safe, comfortable and healthy working conditions so that work activities can be effective which has an effect on increasing productivity. The method used in this research is descriptive experimental through observation and interview methods. Located in the Agung Rasa mackerel fish cracker home industry. The results of the research obtained an ergonomic analysis using an approach to 8 ergonomic aspects in the form of use of muscle power, work attitude, nutrition, work environment, work time, information systems, socio-cultural conditions and human-machine interaction which is known to still not show ergonomic working conditions. From the results of this analysis, recommendations can be made in the form of implementing short breaks or implementing exercise between work activities to avoid feelings of boredom, fatigue and musculoskeletal complaints, then improvements to work stations, regular working time arrangements and layout arrangements can be implemented to create ergonomic working conditions.

Lower back or waist pain is a disorder in musculoskeletal position due to incorrect ergonomics, characterized by pain in the muscle area between the costal border and the inferior gluteal fold. Risk factors that can influence the incidence of lower back pain are age, gender, body mass index, smoking habits, lack of exercise, years of work, work position, and heavy workload. This community service is a forum to improve and provide education to the elderly about prevention and how to deal with lower back pain using a home program. This service activity was carried out using the counseling method with approximately 20 respondents participating. After being given a presentation of material regarding low back pain and a demonstration regarding recommended home exercises/home programs, most respondents understood and were able to explain the definition, risk factors, symptoms and prevention of low back pain.

 Working position when typing is closely related to ergonomics or comfort issues, especially in the areas of design, position and proper body posture. MTrPs is a condition describing acute or chronic soft tissue pain, which occurs in muscles or muscle fascia. MTrPs cause contraction of knots or nodes that can form in a muscle band junction which is a source of pain. Pain or discomfort in the form of a prickling, throbbing, cutting and burning sensation in the loose connective tissue that covers the trapezius muscle due to trigger points. Data on computer workers in the Pedurungan Wetan area is 24 workers. This research method is a pre-experimental one group pre and post test design and sampling using purposive sampling technique. The population of this research is rental workers who work in Tlogosari Wetan, Pedurungan, Semarang City. The research instrument uses VAS (Vasual Analog Skill). The research stages consist of preparation, implementation and processing of research data. The steps taken at the preparation stage are literature study, field survey, outreach to rental workers. The implementation stage is carried out by collecting data. The results of this study showed that there was a relationship between typing time and the occurrence of MTrPs in the Upper Trapezius Muscle.

Background; Hypertension in the elderly increases every year, in Pacitan Regency there are 6,211 people, in Nawangan District there are 1,290 people with hypertension and in Sempu Village there are 87 elderly people with hypertension. The cause of high hypertension is influenced by lifestyle, scale factors and environmental factors, and if not immediately overcome it will cause premature death and disability rates for sufferers.Purpose; Knowing changes in blood pressure in elderly people with hypertension before and after the application of ergonomic gymnastics. Method; This application is with descriptive research methods and observing an event. Descriptive research is research conducted to describe or describe an event that occurs in society. Result; The results of blood pressure measurements before ergonomic exercise were carried out on the two respondents, namely Mrs.T with a blood pressure of 165/90 mmHg and Mrs. W with a blood pressure of 160/100 mmHg, both classified as having stage 2 hypertension or moderate hypertension.. The results of blood pressure measurements after ergonomic exercise on Mrs. T 150/80 mmHg and Mrs. W to 140/90 mmHg classified as stage 1 or mild hypertension.. Conclusion; This ergonomic exercise can lower blood pressure in elderly people with hypertension

uric acid is the result of purine metabolism, it will cause pain and rheumatic pain in the joints. Handling to reduce pain is with warm ginger compresses and rgonomic exercises. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of ginger warm compresses and ergonomic exercises on reducing gout arthritis pain in the elderly in Mojolegi Village, Gading District, Probolinggo Regency.This type of research is quasi-experimental with a cross over group design approach. The population of 51 people was selected by purposive sampling technique and obtained 36 respondents who met the inclusion and exclusion requirements of the study. The instrument used is the numerical pain scale observation sheet (NRS). The results showed that the pain scale of ginger warm compresses for period I pre-test was 5.17 post-test 3.00, period II pre-test was 3.94 post-test 2.39. In the ergonomic exercise group, period I pre-test was 5.39 post-test 3.67, period II pre-test was 3.89 post-test 2.61. The results of data analysis obtained valuesρV 0.000 in the warm ginger compress group and the ergonomic exercise group so that it can be concluded that both therapies were equally effective, there was no difference between warm ginger compress and ergonomic exercise in reducing gout arthritis pain in the elderly.Ginger warm compresses and ergonomic exercises are non-pharmacological measures that can be applied to relieve pain and provide a sense of comfort. Thus, implementing these two therapies requires sufficient recovery time (wash out) so that the effects of the first intervention are not carried over to the second intervention.    

This study aims to evaluate the impact of ergonomic exercises on blood pressure in hypertensive patients in the village of Setia Suka Maju Sirihit – Rihit. The research employed a One Group Pre-test – Post method using purposive sampling, with 10 respondents selected from a population of 50 who met the criteria. Data were collected using an ordinal scale and observational instruments. The results of the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test using SPSS indicated significance < 0.05 (p=0.00), signifying the influence of ergonomic exercises on lowering blood pressure. The conclusion of this study asserts the effectiveness of ergonomic exercises in reducing blood pressure in hypertensive patients in Setia Suka Maju Sirihit – Rihit Village, Pahae Jae Subdistrict, North Tapanuli Regency in 2023.

Hypertension or high blood disease is actually a disorder of blood vessels that results in the supply of oxygen and nutrients carried by the blood is hampered to the body tissues in need.hypertension is often called the silent killer dark killer, because it includes diseases that women are declared hypertensive if their blood pressure is 160/95 mmHg. (Nurhaidar, 2010).In addition to hypertension, gout is now also a topic that is very much discussed by women, because most uric acid attacks women, especially the elderly. However, in this day and age it is not only the elderly who can get gout, adults can also get this gout. Irianto in his book entitled Public Health Science said that gout is referred to as a degenerative disease because the incidence rate is related to the degeneration process in old age that takes place according to time and age. (Simamora and Saragih 2019).  Research conducted in the scientific journal Permas shows the results that of the 13 causes of gout, most of the causes are diet and lifestyle. So that those who should be more susceptible to gout are men because their serum uric acid levels are higher than women.(Sulistyoningtyas and Khusnul Dwihestie 2022).Community service activity entitled  "Socialization on the Application of Ergonomic Gymnastics to Reduce Blood Pressure in Kabil Village, Kavling Baru, RT 003 RW 013, Danau Indah Punggur" The activity was welcomed by RW 013 Kavling Baru, Punggur with the hope of getting information about handling hypertension and gout, so as to control and prevent various kinds of disorders of the cardiovascular system in the form of hypertension,  heart, or stroke that can interfere with public health.

     Dalam aktivitas kerjanya karyawan PT Sucofindo mengalami berbagai pajanan potensi bahaya, salah satunya faktor ergonomi. Bahaya ergonomi dapat mengakibatkan produktivitas dan kualitas pekerja menurun serta dapat menimbulkan penyakit akibat kerja. tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui gambaran tingkat risiko keluhan musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) pada pekerja PT. Sucofindo Surabaya Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah observasional deskriptif dengan desain cross sectional menggunakan metode Alberta (heavy frequent awkward lifting), Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA), Rapid Office Strain Assessment (ROSA) dan Nordic Body Map (NBM) variabel yang diukur yaitu postur kerja karyawan PT Sucofindo. karyawan PT Sucofindo yang menjadi responden mengalami musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) tinggi. Sebagian besar responden mengalami gangguan musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) di kantor cabang Kalibutuh mempunyai keluhan nyeri otot di daerah leher dan bahu sebesar (15%), laboratorium A.Yani mempunyai keluhan nyeri otot di daerah leher dan bahu sebesar (40%), dan KUP Gresik tidak ditemukan keluhan pada semua responden. Responden dari kantor cabang Kalibutuh dan laboratorium A.Yani juga sebagian besar (40%) mengalami keluhan di bagian punggung bawah (lower back) sedangkan KUP Gresik tidak ditemukan keluhan pada semua responden. Sebagian besar responden (80%) merasakan keluhan tersebut 12 bulan terakhir, dan sisanya baru merasakan 7 bulan terakhir (40%).akibat posisi kerja dan stasiun kerja yang tidak ergonomi. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa karyawan PT Sucofindo yang menjadi responden dalam penelitian ini sebagian besar mengalami musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) tinggi. Sebagian besar responden pada kajian ergonomi ini mengalami gangguan musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) di daerah leher, punggung atas, dan punggung bawah akibat posisi kerja dan stasiun kerja yang tidak ergonomis. Perusahaan disarankan untuk mengadakan program tiap 10-15 menit melakukan istirahat dan peregangan, melakukan penilaian postur kerja dan stasiun kerja pada seluruh karyawan Sucofindo agar bisa dilakukan perencanaan ergonomi untuk mencegah gangguan MSDs pada seluruh karyawan, mengadakan ergonomic awareness training pada karyawan.

ARPS merupakan suatu perusahaan yang bergerak dalam produksi Kemasan Compact, Lipstick, botol dan juga Jar. Pada proses sortir pekerja borongan di departemen Blow Molding, terdapat salah satu permasalahan yaitu kursi yang digunakan untuk duduk. Hal ini menunjukkan kursi yang digunakan perlu dilakukan desain ulang agar pekerja dapat bekerja dengan nyaman dan tidak mengalami gangguan masalah kesehatan sehingga dapat meningkatkan produktivitas pekerja. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan menggunakan ukuran kursi sebelumnya yang sudah sesuai dengan antropometri pekerja dan didesain lagi agar lebih ergonomi. Hasil desain ulang kursi sesuai dengan antropometri dilihat dari tinggi kursi dari lantai, lebar kaki kursi, lebar bawah alas kursi. Tinggi alas duduk kursi dari lantai, panjang alas uduk kursi.lebar alas duduk kursi, panjang sandaran punggung, lebar pijakan kak dan tiinggi pijakan kaki dari lantai. Sehingga diharapkan Hasil perancangan ulang kursi dengan desain rancangan baru terdapat perbedaan pada jarak sandaran dengan kursi sebelumnya agar pekerja dapat bersandar sehingga pekerja tidak mengalami kelelahan atau penyakit akibat kerja.  

This study analyzes work posture in cigarette manufacturing at PT Wan Tobacco Cigarette using the Standard Nordic Questionnaire (SNQ) and Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) methods. Manual handling work has the potential to cause health risks due to physical loads and non-ergonomic postures. PT Wan Tobacco Cigarette faces problems with ergonomic risky work activities, especially in the cigarette manufacturing machine section, with worker complaints such as muscle fatigue and health problems in the hands, upper arms, back and neck. The SNQ method is used to identify complaints on the employee's body parts, while the REBA method is used to analyze work posture as a whole. This study focuses on assessing work posture when transferring tobacco to cigarette making machines. The REBA method was chosen because of the complexity and dynamics of employee activities. This research is expected to contribute to improving workers' posture to make it more ergonomic and help PT Wan Tobacco Cigarette control the risk of health problems caused by ergonomic factors. By identifying work posture problems and employee complaints, companies can implement changes in the design of work methods and work stations that are more ergonomic to improve worker comfort and welfare.

Pekerjaan membersihkan jalan memerlukan penilaian potensi bahaya ergonomi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi faktor bahaya ergonomi pada pekerjaan membersihkan jalan di Area ITS Raya dan menentukan potensi bahaya yang muncul dari pekerjaan tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analitik kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross sectional. Hasil penelitian diharapkan dapat membantu untuk mengetahui potensi bahaya pada pekerjaan membersihkan jalan dan memberikan rekomendasi untuk pengurangan risiko pada pekerjaan tersebut. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat beberapa faktor bahaya ergonomi yang dapat berdampak pada kesehatan pekerja diantaranya adalah postur tubuh yang tidak tepat, kelelahan otot, dan beban kerja yang berlebihan. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan peningkatan kesadaran dan pengetahuan pekerja dalam menjalankan pekerjaan membersihkan jalan agar dapat mengurangi risiko bahaya ergonomi pada pekerjaan tersebut.

Abstrak Posisi bekerja saat mengetik berhubungan erat dengan masalah ergonomi atau kenyamanan, terutama di bidang desain, posisi, dan sikap tubuh yang tepat. MTrPs adalah suatu kondisi menggambarkan rasa nyeri deskriptif pada jaringan lunak akut atau kronis, yang terjadi pada otot atau fasia otot. MTrPs menimbulkan kontraksi knot atau node yang dapat terbentuk dalam sebuah taut band otot yang menjadi sumber rasa sakit. Nyeri atau rasa tidak nyaman berupa rasa tertusuk perih, berdenyut, rasa sayatan, dan terbakar pada jaringan ikat longgar yang membungkus otot trapezius dikarenakan adanya trigger point. Data pekerja komputer di wilayah Pedurungan Wetan sebanyak 24 pekerja. Metode penelitian ini adalah pra eksperimen one group pre and post test design dan pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Populasi penelitian ini adalah pekerja rental yang bekerja di Tlogosari Wetan, Pedurungan, Kota Semarang. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan VAS (Vasual Analog Skill). Tahapan penelitian terdiri dari persiapan, pelaksanaan, dan pengolahan data penelitian. Langkah yang dilakukan pada tahap persiapan adalah studi literatur, survey lapangan, sosialisasi kepada pekerja rental. Tahap pelaksanaan dilakukan dengan pengambilan data. Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan adanya hubungan lama mengetik dengan terjadinya kondisi MTrPs Otot Uper Trapezius. Uji hipotesis yang digunakan adalah Chi Square Test untuk menganalisis signifikansi hubungan lama mengetik terhadap terjadinya myofascial trigger point syndrome otot upper trapezius pada pekerja rental. Pada perhitungan analisis data, diperoleh nilai p sebesar 0,000 sehingga p < 0,05. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara lama mengetik terhadap terjadinya myofascial trigger point syndrome otot upper trapezius pada pekerja rental. Kelemahan dari penelitian ini adalah tidak dapat mengontrol responden dalam mengendalikan lama waktu bekerja. Kata kunci : Lama Mengetik, Myoasial Trigger Point, Nyeri Otot Uper Trapezius

Elderly residents who live in madania homes use the kitchen as a kitchen places for cooking activities, and have complaints about height and slippery floor conditions, according to the elderly as many as 32% of cooking kitchen users representing the elderly population using purposive sampling, proposed design improvements for elderly cooking places by considering the anthropometric size of elderly users, using a focus approach group discussion to facilitate the wishes and complaints experienced by the elderly, the shape and size of the proposed new kitchen design for the elderly by adding a foothold in front of the kitchen to facilitate cooking reach, with a cooking kitchen width: 53 cm; Height: 132cm; length 53 cm, using anthropometric measurements, namely front arm reach (JTD) 53 cm; shoulder width(LB) (maximum) 43 cm; height (TB) 158 cm; elbow height (TS) 132 cm. The design is the result obtained from the first focus group discussion, then the results of the second focus group discussion explain the proposed new design drawings for the elderly's kitchen to the elderly, related to the suggestions obtained from the results of the first focus group discussion and the senior citizens agree with the results drawn, by having a height, width, length according to body size by adding non-permanent footing facilities in front making it easier for users to reach the kitchen for cooking activities, floors that are designed to be safe and non-slippery, and additional cupboard facilities to make it easier to store cooking utensils.Sig (2-tailed) of 0.003 <0.05 indicates that the H1 hypothesis is accepted.