Publication Search

The heart is a vital organ that plays a crucial role in the circulatory system, responsible for pumping oxygen-rich blood and nutrients throughout the body and returning blood containing carbon dioxide to the lungs. Anatomically, the heart consists of four chambers. The coronary vascular system supplies oxygen and nutrients to the heart muscles. The physiology of the heart involves the cycle of heart muscle contraction (systole) and relaxation (diastole), heart rate regulation, and the electrical conduction system that coordinates the heartbeat. Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a disorder of the coronary blood vessels due to atherosclerosis, causing narrowing or blockage of the arteries, hindering blood flow, and leading to ischemia. Prevention of CAD can be done by maintaining a healthy diet, exercising regularly, avoiding smoking, and controlling blood pressure, cholesterol, and blood sugar levels. Understanding the anatomy, physiology, and coronary artery disease is essential for maintaining heart health and preventing cardiovascular disorders.

Adolescence is a transition phase towards adulthood which is marked by physical, behavioral, cognitive, biological and emotional changes. WHO defines adolescence as the period between the emergence of secondary sexual signs to sexual maturation and the transition to independence. The concept of toxic masculinity is a problem, reinforced by the culture of smoking which is seen as a symbol of masculinity. The increase in the number of teenage smokers in Indonesia is related to the transmission of smoking culture from generation to generation. Efforts to increase awareness about the dangers of smoking are carried out through social media such as Instagram. The use of visual animation video and strong messages on Instagram can be effective in increasing teenagers' awareness about the dangers of smoking and changing their perception of cigarettes as a symbol of masculinity. This research uses qualitative methodology. To collect data using interview, observation, literature and documentation methods. The aim of this research is to produce an effective Public Service Advertisement to raise awareness of the dangers of normalizing cigarette consumption due to Intergenerational Toxic Masculinity among adolescent boys in Semarang City which is disseminated via Instagram.

Driving discipline is an important attitude that must be possessed by all drivers or drivers in order to arrive safely at their destination. Traffic violations still occur frequently, one of which is smoking and calling while driving. The Transportation Service is an implementing element of the Regional Government in the field of Transportation which has the main task, namely Organizing Government affairs in the field of land, sea and air transportation, in accordance with the Laws and Regulations. This type of research shows empirical juridical research, with data collection techniques through interviews, observations, and literature/document studies. The data collected is analyzed descriptively, the data that has been processed will be analyzed using the descriptive analysis method. The results of this study show: (1) The implementation of the duties and functions of the Kupang City Transportation Office for motorcyclists who smoke and call while driving is not / or has not been effective in accordance with the provisions of applicable laws and regulations. (2) There are several factors that hinder the implementation of the duties and functions of the Kupang City Transportation Office for motorcyclists who smoke and call while driving, including the legal factors themselves and the factors of facilities and infrastructure, namely the main obstacle is the unavailability of the budget. These two factors certainly have an interest that always hinders or affects the implementation of the rules regarding the prohibition of smoking and calling while driving, making the rules ineffective. Based on the results of the research, the author has several suggestions, namely improving the implementation of duties and functions for motorcyclists who smoke and call while driving, in accordance with the provisions of applicable laws and regulations and add educational programs and campaigns in the community related to the dangers of smoking and calling while driving, in addition to law enforcement must be carried out consistently by providing clear sanctions so that it has a deterrent effect,  and local governments need to allocate budgets to improve facilities and infrastructure that support control.      

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is a life-threatening condition characterized by severe inflammation and damage to the alveoli, leading to impaired oxygen exchange in the lungs. Older adults are particularly vulnerable to ARDS due to age-related physiological changes and the presence of comorbidities. This literature review aims to explore the risk factors, pathophysiology, and management strategies of ARDS in the elderly population. The review identifies key factors such as immunosenescence, decreased lung elasticity, and the presence of chronic conditions like hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease as contributing to the increased susceptibility to ARDS in older adults. Infections, especially pneumonia and sepsis, are found to be significant triggers for the onset of ARDS. Additionally, environmental factors, such as long-term exposure to air pollution and smoking, further elevate the risk. Prevention through vaccination and the management of comorbidities are highlighted as essential strategies for reducing the incidence of ARDS. The review also emphasizes the importance of lung-protective ventilation strategies in the treatment of ARDS in older adults. Overall, this paper underscores the need for comprehensive healthcare approaches, including early detection, vaccination, and integrated care for managing comorbid conditions to mitigate the impact of ARDS in the elderly. Further research is recommended to develop more effective and tailored treatment approaches for this vulnerable population. 

Cholesterol is a lipid compound produced by the body and obtained from food, functioning to build cell membranes, produce certain hormones, and support metabolic processes in the body. Excessive cholesterol levels can increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases. This Community Service initiative aims to enhance the understanding and awareness of staff and employees at St. Yoseph High School, Cakung, regarding the risks of high cholesterol and preventive measures through routine screenings and health education. The program follows the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) approach, encompassing planning for education and screenings, conducting information sessions and cholesterol measurements, evaluating program effectiveness, and implementing follow-up actions for continuous improvement. Education on a healthy lifestyle, which includes a balanced diet, physical activity, and avoidance of alcohol and smoking, plays a vital role in maintaining normal cholesterol levels. Routine screenings are also essential for the early detection of high cholesterol risks. This initiative is expected to promote healthy behaviors and support improved workplace health by raising awareness about the importance of cholesterol prevention in the work environment.

This research aims to analyze the awareness of Medan State University and Medan Area University (UMA) students as citizens in understanding social rights and responsibilities regarding the use of dangerous chemicals in cigarettes. The background to this research is based on the increasing consumption of cigarettes among students and its impact on health and the environment. The method used in this research is a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through interviews and observation. Interviews were conducted with students from various departments at both universities to explore their knowledge and attitudes regarding chemicals in cigarettes. Apart from that, observations were carried out in the campus environment to see cigarette consumption behavior among students. The research results show that students' awareness of their rights to obtain accurate information about the dangers of smoking and their social responsibility to educate their friends is still low. Therefore, more effective educational programs are needed to increase students' understanding of this issue and encourage proactive action in protecting themselves and the environment from the negative impacts of smoking.

Problematic Internet use is the inability to control the desire to use the Internet, which is associated with psychological, social, educational and vocational problems. The internet is a place where young people can get all the information they need. Therefore, the use of the Internet by the younger generation must be directed so that they do not encounter information that is false, misleading, or even detrimental to themselves. Excessive internet use can also worsen the quality of teenagers' sleep, and teenagers may even be at risk of experiencing more serious mental health problems, such as depression. The aim of this activity is to increase knowledge about preventing internet addiction by doing physical activity. The results of the questionnaire obtained from the ASSIST questionnaire showed that of the 36 respondents there were 12 respondents (33.3%) who were addicted to smoking. Meanwhile, the Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ) 20 questionnaire shows that out of 36 respondents there were 8 respondents (22.2%). Internet addiction in teenagers can affect the content of their thoughts regarding the life goals they pursue

Postoperative nausea and vomiting is one of the side effects that often occurs in spinal anesthesia. Nausea and vomiting affect patient morbidity such as stress, discomfort, dehydration, prolonging treatment time and increasing treatment costs. This study aims to determine the effect of acupressure therapy on the incidence of nausea and vomiting after spinal anesthesia in the recovery room at the Imelda Workers Indonesia General Hospital, Medan. This type of research is quantitative research with quasi-experimental research methods. Data reports in the province of North Sumatra showed that there were 25,602 patients who underwent surgery. Meanwhile, at the Indonesian Umim Workers Hospital in Medan, data on surgical patients for January-March 2024 totaled 666 patients, and 250 patients had spinal anesthesia. This research was carried out in February - June 2024 at the Imelda Indonesian Workers General Hospital, Medan. The research sample was taken as many as 20 respondents. incidence of nausea and vomiting after spinal anesthesia at the Imelda Workers Indonesia General Hospital, Medan. Based on the characteristics of respondents based on age, they were in the age range of 36-40 years, namely 55%, based on gender, the majority of respondents were women, namely 60%, respondents based on smoking history were the majority 65%, the distribution of respondents with a history of nausea and vomiting was the majority 55% and the majority of respondents with nausea and vomiting were 60%. The recommendation for this research is that acupressure therapy can be applied in nursing practice so that patients are able to perform it independently. For the Imelda Workers Indonesia General Hospital, Medan, it is necessary to score the risk of nausea and vomiting in patients before surgery to minimize the incidence of post-operative nausea and vomiting.

Postoperative nausea and vomiting is one of the common side effects of spinal anesthesia. Nausea and vomiting affect patient morbidity such as stress, discomfort, dehydration, prolonging treatment time and increasing treatment costs. This study aims to determine the effect of acupressure therapy on the incidence of nausea and vomiting after spinal anesthesia in the recovery room of the Imelda Labor Indonesia General Hospital, Medan. This type of research is a quantitative study with a quasi-experimental research method. Data reports in the province of North Sumatra, there are 25,602 patients undergoing surgery. While at the Umim Labor Indonesia Hospital, Medan, the data on surgical patients as of January-March 2024 amounted to 666 patients, 250 patients were found to have spinal anesthesia. This study was conducted in February - June 2024 at the Imelda Labor Indonesia General Hospital, Medan. A sample of 20 respondents was taken.: The results of the statistical test obtained an α value of 0.000 (α <0.05), thus it was concluded that there was an effect of acupressure therapy on the incidence of nausea and vomiting after spinal anesthesia at the Imelda Labor Indonesia General Hospital, Medan. Based on the characteristics of respondents based on age, they were in the age range of 36-40 years, which was 55%, based on gender, the majority of respondents were women, which was 60%, respondents based on a history of smoking were 65%, the distribution of respondents with a history of nausea and vomiting was 55% and the majority of respondents with an incidence of nausea and vomiting was 60%. The recommendation for this study is that acupressure therapy can be applied in nursing practice so that patients are able to do it independently. For the Imelda Labor Indonesia General Hospital, Medan, it is necessary to carry out a risk scoring of nausea and vomiting in patients before surgery to minimize the incidence of nausea and vomiting after surgery.

Postoperative nausea and vomiting is one of the common side effects of spinal anesthesia. Nausea and vomiting affect patient morbidity such as stress, discomfort, dehydration, prolonging treatment time and increasing treatment costs. This study aims to determine the effect of acupressure therapy on the incidence of nausea and vomiting after spinal anesthesia in the recovery room of the Imelda Buruh Indonesia General Hospital, Medan. This type of research is a quantitative study with a quasi-experimental research method. Data reports in the province of North Sumatra, there are 25,602 patients undergoing surgery. While at the Umim Buruh Indonesia Hospital, Medan, the data on surgical patients per January-March 2024 amounted to 666 patients, 250 patients were found to have spinal anesthesia. This study was conducted in February - June 2024 at the Imelda Buruh Indonesia General Hospital, Medan. A sample of 20 respondents was taken.: The results of the statistical test obtained an α value of 0.000 (α <0.05), thus it was concluded that there was an effect of acupressure therapy on the incidence of nausea and vomiting after spinal anesthesia at the Imelda Buruh Indonesia General Hospital, Medan. Based on the characteristics of respondents based on age, they were in the age range of 36-40 years, which was 55%, based on gender, the majority of respondents were women, which was 60%, respondents based on a history of smoking were 65%, the distribution of respondents with a history of nausea and vomiting was 55% and the majority of respondents with an incidence of nausea and vomiting was 60%. The recommendation for this study is that acupressure therapy can be applied in nursing practice so that patients are able to do it independently. For the Imelda Buruh Indonesia General Hospital, Medan, it is necessary to carry out a risk scoring of nausea and vomiting in patients before surgery to minimize the incidence of nausea and vomiting after surgery.

Hypertension is a condition that is often encountered. Hypertension is a condition when blood pressure rises. Risk factors that can cause hypertension are age, race, gender, lifestyle, sodium consumption, smoking, alcohol consumption, stress level, and education. The urgency of this research is that the number of hypertension patients at the Purwodiningratan Surakarta Health Center experiences a spike every year. Based on a preliminary study at the Community Health Center, data was obtained that the number of hypertension patients in the last five year period experienced a spike, then fell, then spiked again. The objective problem of this research is the increase in hypertension patients, so it is necessary to research the relationship between knowledge, attitudes and family support and efforts to control hypertension. The importance of this research is a manifestation of efforts to control hypertension which continues to experience a surge using interview methods and distributing leaflets with the aim of a community approach. The aim of the research is to analyze the magnitude of the impact of the hypertension control program using the swallow method (interviews and leaflets). The research approach used cross sectional. The sample was 77 hypertensive patients at the Community Health Center. The sampling technique used the accidental sampling method based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The statistical test uses a linear regression test at a significance level of 0.05.   

The Implementation of Smoke-Free Areas (KTR) is an important effort in tobacco control to protect the public from the dangers of smoking. This research aims to analyze the comparative implementation of KTR regulations between Indonesia and Singapore using Lawrence M. Friedman's legal system approach, which includes components of legal substance, legal structure, and legal culture. The research method employed is normative juridical with a comparative legal approach, using secondary data collected through literature study and analyzed qualitatively. The research results show that in terms of legal substance, KTR regulations in Singapore are more comprehensive and stringent with heavy sanctions, while in Indonesia they remain partial with relatively light sanctions. In the legal structure aspect, Singapore has a more effective system of supervision and law enforcement with technological support and adequate human resources, whereas Indonesia still faces coordination challenges between institutions and limited supervisory personnel. From the legal culture perspective, the level of awareness and compliance of Singaporean society towards KTR regulations is higher compared to Indonesia, which is still influenced by a permissive culture towards smoking behavior.    

Non -communicable disease (PTM) is one of the increasing health problems in society every year and contributes to the largest proportion of death worldwide. According to a global status report on non -communicable diseases, non -communicable diseases can occur due to lack of exercise, smoking and malnutrition, which causes increased blood pressure, increased blood sugar levels and increased blood lipids. If not prevented, this increase will get worse and lead to chronic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, cholesterol, dysplidemia, gout arthritis and obesity. The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that 40 million people worldwide suffer from non -communicable diseases, with the cause of cardiovascular disease, diabetes and injuries to be the main cause (Syam'ani, 2023).      

This study aims to identify the potential and development strategies for a community-based tourism village in Asap Indah Tourism Village. Data were obtained from observations, interviews, and literature studies. A SWOT analysis was applied to determine the weaknesses, strengths, opportunities, and challenges of developing Bedono tourism village, which can be used to determine the appropriate strategies for community-based tourism development in Bedono Village, Sayung District, Demak Regency. In this research, the process of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing was carried out simultaneously. The research results concluded that Asap Indah Tourism Village in Wonosari Village, Bonang District, Demak Regency has high potential for development into a community-based tourism village, including fish smoking, water apple agro-tourism, local restaurants, and Bule fishing spots. Based on the SWOT analysis, several strategies can be enhanced to develop Asap Indah tourism village in Wonosari Village, Bonang District, Demak Regency, including strategies for developing tourist attractions, such as creating integrated tourism packages and holding special events; forming a tourism management team; enhancing promotion strategies; improving infrastructure; improving tourism human resources; and strengthening cooperation with stakeholders and investors. If these potentials are developed by involving and empowering the local community, they can increase the value and benefits for the local population in terms of economy, socio-culture, religion, and environment.

The incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus mostly occurs in children and adolescents has increased significantly every year, especially in developed countries in Western Europe which continue to experience the highest increase. The purpose of this study was to analyze the risk factors for type 1 diabetes in children and adolescents in developed countries in Western Europe. This type of research is a systematic literature review. The literature search strategy as a source of information was carried out by accessing electronic databases online, namely Science Direct, PubMed, and Google Scholar. Article quality assessment using Critical Appraisal Skill Programme (CASP). The results showed that out of 10 (2014-2024), conducted in the United Kingdom (n=1), Sweden (n=1), Germany (n=1), England (n=2), Denmark (n=3), Norway (n=1) and conducted in Norway and Denmark (n=1). Of the 10 articles, 5 out of 10 articles examined BMI on the development of type 1 diabetes in children and adolescents. The results of this systematic review found that age, gender, race, family history of diabetes, socioeconomic, BMI, nutritional intake in mothers and children, physical activity, infection and smoking will increase the risk of type 1 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents in developed countries in Western Europe.  

Hypertension is a non-communicable disease (ncd) which is a major problem in the health sector and continues to increase every year even though many preventive and promotive measures have been developed following advances in science and technology. to find out analysis of risk factors related to the incident of hypertension in heads of families in tatinang and tita mandiri village waesala regency seram bagin barat tahun 2024. This type of research uses quantitative methods with a cross sectional approach. sampling method used a total sample population of 133 people. data analysis was carried out using univariate, bivariate analysis with chi square and multivariate analysis with logistic regression. Based on the results of the stress logistic regression test, p = 0.042; smoking p = 0.998; alcohol p = 0.996, and diet p = 0.000. diet is the dominant factor with a logistic regression value of p = 0.000 with an or or exp (b) = 12,722. There is a relationship between stress levels, smoking, alcohol and diet. these are the most dominant factors related to the incidence of hypertension in the tatitang and tita mandiri hamlets, while the age factor is not related to the incidence of hypertension.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the most common metabolic disorder worldwide. DM is the most common chronic illness in adults. It is estimated that 300 million people will have DM by 2025, and it will reach approximately 439 million and the prevalence is estimated to be 7.7% by 2030. The decrease of blood glucose levels in patients with DM decreases the mortality and morbidity rates significantly.Objective: To identify the potential risk factors of poor glycemic control among patients having type2 Diabetes mellitus in Al-diwaniya city. Methods: A total of 340 patients were included in the study. This was cross sectional study conducted in the Diabetes  Center at Al-diwaniya city, Iraq, from period of 1st of February to the 1st September2023. Based on the cutoff point of Glycosylated hemoglobin of 7, the poor control were the patients with (Glycosylated hemoglobin is ≥ 7) and the good control were the diabetic patient with Glycosylated hemoglobin is <7. A questionnaire developed to gather the demographic, lipid profile, disease characteristics and lifestyles behaviors and filled by the researcher through direct interview. Results: The total number of poor controls was 221 and the good control was 119 patients. There was no significant difference between the two groups regarding sex, age, marital status and occupation. A significant association was observed between the control status and high education level (p=0.001) dyslipidemia (p=0.001), cholesterol level (P=0.002), high TG level (p<0.001), and LDL level (p=0.025). Smoking, Body Mass Index and HDL level were not significant factors (p>0.005). All disease characteristics including the duration, family history of DM, FBS, type of medication were significant factors (p<0.001). Lifestyles  behaviors including  self-monitoring, healthy diet, physical activity, and adherence were significant factors (p<0.001). Conclusion: The most important potential risk factors for poor control diabetes were dyslipidemia, poor adherence and longer duration of diabetes. Enhancement of education of the patients and their healthcare providers on these factors are great benefit in glycemic control.

Stroke is a fuctional disorder tahat manifest as nerve paralysis, resulting from either an obstruction of blood flow to the brain due to a lock of oxygen or a cessation of blood supply due to blockage or bleeding. The risk factors are blood pressure, cholesterol, history of diabetes mellitus, history of smooking, atrial fibrillation, body mass index, physical activity, and family history of stroke. This study aims to determine the factors associated with stroke incidence. This typeof researchis descriptive and has a retrospective study design. The sampling technique used was accidental sampling wit a sample size of 60 respondents, where the population was 4355stroke patients. The research results used the stroke risk scorecard (SRSC)measuring tool. The statistical is Chi-square. The research results showed that the majority of respondents were erderly, aged 46-65 tahun years (80,0%), male (50,0%), female (50,0%) and had comorbid hypertension (56,7%). N  The Chi-square test revealed several risk factors, including blood pressuare, a history ofdiabetes mellitus,smoking history, atrial fibrilation, BMI, and family history of risk. Menwhile, the results of the multiple linear regression test show that the most dominant variable is physical activity, with a standardized cooefficient betta valueof 0,366. It is hoped that the results of this research can be used as a basis for input for health servise providers to provide comprehensive nursing care for stroke patients.  

Background: This research is motivated by the high prevalence of smoking among students, necessitating effective interventions. The research problem is whether there is a significant influence of anti-smoking campaign messages on the intention to quit smoking among active smokers in FIKOM Unpad. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of anti-smoking campaign messages, as well as the influence of attitudes, subjective norms, and behavioral control on the intention to quit smoking among active smokers in FIKOM Unpad. Methods: This study uses a quantitative approach with a survey method through questionnaires distributed to 120 respondents who are active smokers among FIKOM Unpad students. Data were analyzed using the coefficient of determination test and the T-test to measure the significance of the influence of these variables. Results: The results of the study show that anti-smoking campaign messages have a significant influence on the intention to quit smoking. Additionally, attitudes, subjective norms, and behavioral control also have a significant influence on the intention to quit smoking. The conclusion of this research is that anti-smoking campaign messages are effective in increasing the intention to quit smoking among active smokers in FIKOM Unpad. This research provides an important contribution to the development of effective health communication strategies through campaign messages.

Excessive fat accumulation is called obesity. Obesity occurs at all ages, but is most common in the first year of life, at school age and in adolescence. The main behavioral and risk factors for obesity include an unhealthy or unbalanced diet, lack of beneficial activities, such as smoking, and lack of fiber, such as vegetables and fruit. Therefore, preventing and controlling obesity is very important. Nutrition education is an educational approach that functions to increase teenagers' knowledge, attitudes and behavior towards nutritional problems. Education can be done using media, one of which is posters. Posters are a type of media that contain health information with a combination of clear visuals to attract readers' attention. Posters as a health promotion media have the advantage of increasing awareness, trust and attitudes towards health. The aim of this research is to develop poster media for obesity prevention for students at Senior High School 5 Surakarta. This research method uses Research and Development (R&D), with the ADDIE model being developed in 5 stages, namely (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). The results of this research showed that the assessment of poster media from stage 1 material experts was 59% inadequate, stage 2 material experts were 62% with decent results, and stage 3 material experts were 76% with decent results. Stage 1 media experts were 88% very decent results, and stage 2 and 3 media experts were 100% very decent. The media aspect got a percentage result of 91%, the media usefulness aspect was 89% which was very feasible. Overall, the average final assessment score was 89.9%, a very decent category. And a field trial was carried out which was attended by 30 students, producing results of 85% from the media aspect and 84% from the media usefulness aspect, including the very feasible category, so it can be concluded that the media developed is "very suitable" for use in preventing obesity in teenagers in Senior High School 5 Surakarta.