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This research is to assess how corporate governance, ownership structure, company attributes, leverage, and accounting conservatism together influence tax avoidance in manufacturing companies listed on the IDX from 2019 to 2021. This research uses quantitative techniques by analyzing financial reports.

The position of wealth functions to cover basic needs as provisions for carrying out worship to Allah, SWT. Assets in Islamic legal governance function to spread prosperity to the weaker sections of society. Therefore, the weak party's right to ownership of property must be released and distributed to other parties, whether requested or not. Economic inequality is a trigger for crimes committed because of poverty, such as theft. Islam views that poverty is not an insult, but Islam provides solutions to poverty alleviation such as by requiring the payment of zakat and encouraging infaq shodakoh and other forms of obligations which aim to care for the weak, such as waqf. Islam is very concerned about equal distribution of property ownership, in fact its concern is included in the structure of the pillars of Islam, namely the obligation to pay zakat.

. Land rights are rights that are obtained from a legal relationship between the right holder and the land, including space above the ground and or space under the ground. The understanding of land rights is one of the individual rights to land, namely rights that give authority to the holders of the rights, whether individually or also as a group of people collectively or as a legal entity, to use in the sense of controlling, using and or taking advantage of certain land parcels. Ownership of land must have legal certainty, both customary law and land law or positive law concerning the certainty of land rights as property rights so as not to cause conflict. The method used by the author in collecting data is through surveys, interviews and studies of primary literature (books that talk about soil) and secondary literature (supporting books). Survey is a quantitative research using the same structured questions for everyone, then all the answers obtained by the researcher are recorded, processed, and analyzed.

The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of ownership structure, dividend policy, and sales growth on financial performance, as well as the simultaneous effect of ownership structure, dividend policy, and sales growth on financial performance. The data used in this study consists of secondary data derived from annual financial reports which can be accessed via the official website www.idx.co.id. The population used in this study are pharmaceutical companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the 2018-2021 period. The sample used in this study uses a saturated sampling method. The analysis used in this study is multiple linear regression, using SPSS 22 software. The results of this study indicate that dividend policy has an effect on financial performance while ownership structure and sales growth have no effect on financial performance

The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of solvency ratio, capital structure, and social responsibility on financial performance. This research uses 20 samples consisting of 5 companies in the cigarette industry subsector based on the time period 2018-2021. Data is collected from annual reports available on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The analysis in this research uses 3 (three) approaches, including descriptive statistics, correlation, and regression. Based on the results of this research, it can be concluded that of the six elements, including ROA, ROE, DER, DAR, WC, and CSR, show good financial performance. In addition, DER and DAR measures negatively affect ROA and ROE. This is because the increase in solvency value causes the company's profit to decrease, it means that the company's high debt ownership makes the company pay higher interest so that the company's profit is small. WC and CSR have no impact on ROA and ROE. This is because the company's asset ownership can cover their current debt and CSR implementation can help convince interested parties to invest in the company. Based on the research conducted, the company should minimize the use of debt as funding in its operational activities, because it can affect the profitability of the company which causes a decrease in the value of ROA and ROE. In addition, the company should reconsider the implementation of CSR because it can help create a positive image of the company in the eyes of the public, even though the company's expenses will increase

The capital market is an investment vehicle for those who have excess funds. People invest in the capital market with the aim of earning income or return on investment. Investment can be defined as an activity of placing funds in one or more assets during a certain period in the hope of obtaining income and or increasing the value of the investment. The main purpose of the company to invest is the rate of return. The main purpose of investors investing their funds in securities is, among others, to get the maximum rate of return through policies, for example, dividends at a certain risk will get certain results with minimal risk. From the results of the research, it is found that there is a negative influence of Ownership Structure, a positive influence of Dispersion of Ownership, and a negative influence of Capital Structure on the Dividend Policy of Manufacturing Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2007-2011.

This research aims to test the relation between ownership structures and capital structure firm value of basic industry & chemistry firm. This research places the capital structure as a mediating variable for the relationship between ownership structure and firm value. The sample used is a company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2014-2019, using a purposive sampling technique got 115 samples that meet the criteria. Data processing using the IBM SPSS 23 series program as an analysis tool. The result is that management's ownership has a negative effect on capital structure, and a positive effect on firm value, while institutional ownership has a positive effect on capital structure, and a negative effect on firm value. This study also found that capital structure is a mediating variable of the relationship between management ownership and firm value. Keywords: ownership structure, capital structure, firm value  

This study aims to determine the effect of managerial ownership, intellectual capital, capital structure on firm value with profitability as an intervening variable. The population used in this study are manufacturing companies in the consumer goods industry sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) 2018-2022. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling and data management using SPSS 16. This type of research is a research with a quantitative approach. The analytical method used is multiple regression analysis. The research results obtained based on the partial test (t test) obtained: (a) Managerial Ownership does not partially have a significant effect on Profitability (b) Intellectual Capital partially has a significant effect on Profitability (c) Capital Structure partially has a significant effect on Profitability. (d) Managerial Ownership partially has a significant effect on Firm Value, (e) Intellectual Capital partially does not have a significant effect on Firm Value (f) Capital Structure partially has a significant effect on Firm Value. (g) While for the results of intervening variables using path analysis test shows that managerial ownership and capital structure have a significant effect on firm value through profitability but intellectual capital cannot significantly affect firm value through profitability.

Measurement of firm performance becomes very important for management to evaluate and planning for future goals. Several factors can affect firm performance, including profitability, ownership structure, and company size. For that this study aims to examine the effect of profitability, ownership structure, company size on firm performance with capital structure as an intervening variable. Data obtained during the period 2016-2018 from manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The results in this study indicate profitability, ownership structure and firm size simultaneously (together) affect the capital structure. Profitability, ownership structure, firm size, and capital structure simultaneously (together) affect the firm's performance.

This research aims to examine the effect of firm size, profitability,financial leverage, boox-tax differences and public ownership structureto income smoothing at manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange (Bursa Efek Indonesia) in 2014-2017.The population in this research are Manufacturing Companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (Bursa Efek Indonesia). Sampling method using purposive sampling in the technique of data analysis is multiple linear regression analysis.The results of this research indicate that firm size, profitability, financial leveragehave a positif significant influence on Income Smoothing. Public ownership structurehave a negativesignificant effect on Income Smoothin whileboox-tax differences have no effect on Income Smoothing.  Keywords: Firm Size, Profitability, Financial Leverage, Boox-Tax Differences, Public Ownership Structure, and Income Smoothing.

This study examines the effect of capital structure, independent commissioners, managerial ownership, institutional ownership and firm size on earnings quality. The sample in this study used 104 data from 26 manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2014-2017 by using purposive sampling method. The analysis tools used are normality test, classical assumption test, multiple linear regression test, model test and hypothesis test. Based on the research that has been done, the results of this study showed that frim size have a significant positive effect on earnings quality, capital structure and independent commissioners have a significant negative effect on earnings quality. While managerial ownership and institutional ownership have no significant effect on earnings quality.  Keywords: capital structure, independent commisiones, managerial ownership, institutionalownership firm size and earnings quality

This research aims to investigate the impact of ownership structure (foreign ownership, promoter ownership, managerial ownership, and public ownership) on firm value mediated by idiosyncratic risk. The population used is the whole companies listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange (BEI) on the period of 2013-2017. The number of samples is 182 companies each year, which was selected by purposive sampling method. This research uses documentary data, i.e. the annual report and financial statements. Path analysis used to analyze data and hypothesis mediation analysed by using Sobel test. The results show that foreign ownership, managerial ownership, and public ownership have a negative and significant impact on the idiosyncratic risk, while the promoter ownership has a positive and significant impact on the idiosyncratic risk. Idiosyncratic risk and promoter have a negative and significant impact on firm value, foreign ownership  has a positive but  insignificant impact on firm value, while managerial ownership and public ownership have a positive and significant impact on firm value. In addition, idiosyncraticn risk can madiate the impact of ownership structure (foreign ownership, promoter ownership, managerial ownership, and public ownership) on firm value. The implication of this research is that companies and investors can consider the importance of idiosyncratic risk through diversification of ownership structure as a mechanism for achieving firm value. The idiosyncratic risk is expected to assist the investor in making business decisions as they reflect the company’s specific information and fluctuate accordingly and the movement is independent of market movements.  Keywords : ownership structure, foreign ownership, promoter ownership, managerial ownership, public ownership, idiosyncratic risk, and firm value

This study examines the effects of institutional ownership structures, managerial ownership structures, public ownership structures, growth opportunities,debt convenant (leverage), tax and political costs, litigation risk to accounting conservatism. The research was conducted at the Indonesian Stock Exchange by using a go public manufacturing company as the unit of analysis. The sampling method used purposive sampling with the observation period from 2014-2016. Relationship and between variable is described by using multiple regression analysis. The results showes that the institutional ownership structures had no significant effect on accounting conservatism,managerial ownership structures had no significant effect on accounting conservatism, public ownership structures had no significant effect on accounting conservatism, growth opportunities has negative no significant effect on accounting conservatism, Debt Convenant (leverage) has negative effect on accounting conservatism, tax and political costs has positive effect on accounting Conservatism, litigation risk has negative effect on accounting conservatism  Keyword: institutional ownership structures, managerial ownership structures, public ownership structures, growth opportunities,debt convenant (leverage), tax and political costs, litigation risk and accounting conservatism.

This study aims to examines the effect of ownership structure on corporateperformance of manufacturing companies listed in BEI or Indonesia StockExchange for the period 2010-2013. Ownership structure consisted offoreign ownership, government ownership, managerial ownership,institutional ownership and family ownership. Corporate performance ismeasured by ROE (Return on Equity). This study is used 216 samples ofmanufacturing companies listed in BEI or Indonesia Stock Exchange forthe period 2010-2013. This study is used a multiple regression. The resultsshow that foreign ownership, government ownership, institusionalownership and family ownership have a positive and significant effect toCorporate performance. Managerial ownershiphas no influenceonCorporate performance.

This study aims to analyze the factors that affect the capital structure. Factors examined as independent variables are profitability, company size, business risk, growth opportunities and managerial ownership. Variable profitability, company size, business risk is analyzed in the perspective of the pecking order theory and variable growth opportunities and managerial ownership is analyzed in the perspective of agency theory.Hypothesis testing using multiple regression. The population in this study is manufacturing companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange. Sampling technique using purposive sampling method. The samples used 222 observations are pooled data from 2008 to 2010. Types of data used are secondary data. Statistical tests showed hypotheses for the variables profitability and business risk accepted. This means that the profitability and business risk significantly and negatively related to capital structure. Hypothesis testing results for firm size variable positive and significant impact on capital structure. Thus the hypothesis is rejected due to size of company direction opposite hypothesis. Variable growth opportunities and managerial ownership and significant negative effect on capital structure.Keywords: capital structure, profitability, company size, business risk, growth opportunity, managerial ownership, the pecking order theory, agency theory.

This study seek to examined factors that affect the timeliness of corporate internet reporting (CIR) in listed companies on the Indonesian Stock Exchange. Key factors used firm characteristics (firm size, type of bussiness, profitability, leverage, liquidity, issuance of stock) and corporate governance variables (public ownership structure, proportion of supervisory board and supervisory board size).Population of this study was Indonesian Listed Company in 2008 at Indonesian Stock Exchange .The sample was 195 firms Based on purposive sampling technique. Multiple regression analysis used to test the hypothesis.The regression analysis found that a significant relationship between the timeliness of CIR and firm size. However, others variable like type of bussiness, profitability, leverage, liquidity, stock issues, public ownership structure, proportion of supervisory board and supervisory board size was not significant relationship with timeliness of CIR.. This results indicated that firms typically in big size se modisclore timely information on their web sites