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This research aims to analyze the performance of employees in providing birth certificate making services at the Sananakulon Village Office, as well as identify supporting and inhibiting factors in the service process. The approach used is qualitative with data collection methods through in-depth interviews, direct observation, and documentation. The research informants consisted of village officials, service officers, and community members who had taken care of birth certificates, which were selected using the purposive sampling technique. Data analysis is carried out through the stages of data collection, data reduction, and conclusion drawn. The results of the study show that the performance of employees in birth certificate services is quite good, characterized by responsiveness and a friendly attitude towards the community. However, the implementation has not fully met the employee performance indicators according to Dwiyanto's theory (2006), especially in terms of efficiency and accountability. Supporting factors include employee commitment, leadership support, and community participation, while inhibiting factors include limited human resources, infrastructure, and lack of technical training. This study recommends increasing employee capacity and improving technology-based service systems to support more optimal and accountable public services.

The implementation of the Land Dispute Handling and Resolution Policy through Mediation at the Pekanbaru City Land Office has several phenomena such as the number of mediations exceeding the target every year, no change in targets, and a low number of resolutions through mediation. This policy aims to provide legal certainty in order to implement land policy, which is one of the tasks and functions of the Ministry of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning/National Land Agency. The purpose of this research is to analyze and describe the Implementation of Land Dispute Handling and Resolution Policy Through Mediation at the Pekanbaru City Land Office. Additionally, it aims to identify the inhibiting factors of the Implementation of Land Dispute Handling and Resolution Policy Through Mediation at the Pekanbaru City Land Office using the Policy Implementation theory according to Van Meter and Van Horn. This research employs a qualitative descriptive research type by collecting data through interviews, observations, and documentation. The results of this study indicate that the Implementation of Land Dispute Handling and Resolution Policy Through Mediation at the Pekanbaru City Land Office has not been carried out effectively due to several shortcomings in various factors. The inhibiting factors include the complexity of synchronizing mediation schedules, inadequate budget, and low mediation success rate.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Village Information System (SID) in Pematang Gajah Village based on Article 86 of Law No. 6 of 2014 concerning Villages, as well as identify inhibiting and supporting factors in its implementation. Pematang Gajah Village has been developing the Village Website since 2022 as a form of SID implementation. This research uses a qualitative approach with data collection techniques in the form of observation, interviews, and documentation. The results show that even though SID has been equipped with hardware, software, and networks, access to information to the public has not been optimal due to uneven socialization. In addition, SID does not contain data on the development of villages and rural areas, and has not been supported by planning information from local governments. The main inhibiting factors include limited understanding of the community and village apparatus towards technology, incomplete socialization, and unstable internet networks. On the other hand, the existence of village websites, budget allocation, and the availability of technological devices are significant supporting factors. The commitment of village officials in gradually increasing the use of SID is also an important capital in system sustainability. This study recommends increasing human resource capacity, equitable distribution of socialization, and strengthening infrastructure support as strategic steps in optimizing SID at the village level.

This research aims to describe the collaboration between teachers and parents in meeting the learning needs of students with speech delays at Karangan 1 State Kindergarten. It focuses on examining strategies applied to overcome learning barriers while identifying both supporting and inhibiting factors in the practice of inclusive education. The central concern is how interaction and cooperation between home and school create a consistent, responsive learning environment for children with special needs. Employing a qualitative descriptive approach with a case study design, the study was conducted for one trimester of the 2024/2025 academic year. Research participants included classroom teachers, parents of children with speech delays, and relevant documentation related to inclusive education policies. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and document studies, with interview guides and observation sheets as instruments. Validity was ensured through triangulation and member checking, while data analysis followed the Miles and Huberman model: reduction, display, and conclusion drawing. Findings reveal active teacher-parent collaboration characterized by regular communication, joint discussion of learning strategies, and parental involvement in school programs. Supporting factors include open communication, shared commitment, and policy support, while obstacles involve limited teacher training, insufficient learning media, and lack of access to speech therapy specialists. The study highlights the need for continuous inclusive training, adequate learning resources, and regular communication forums to optimize education for children with speech delays.

Drug abuse among university students is a serious phenomenon that affects the social, moral, and intellectual aspects of the younger generation. Students, who are ideally positioned as agents of change and drivers of national development, are often found to be vulnerable to drug abuse. This study aims to analyze the implementation of Law No. 35 of 2009 on Narcotics in preventing drug abuse among university students in Lampung Province, as well as to identify its inhibiting factors. The research employs a normative juridical and empirical juridical approach, using primary and secondary data obtained through interviews, field studies, and literature reviews. Key informants include the Narcotics Directorate of the Lampung Regional Police, P4GN Unila, the Vice-Rector III for Student Affairs and Alumni at Unila, and lecturers from the Criminal Law Department at Unila. The findings show that the Lampung Regional Police have implemented preventive strategies such as counseling, campaigns, urine tests, and drug abuse education on campuses, as well as repressive strategies through law enforcement against students involved in narcotics distribution, with 283 recorded cases over the past five years. However, the effectiveness of implementation is still hindered by limited campus facilities (counseling centers, safe reporting systems), the lack of regulatory responsiveness to digital challenges, and low student trust in law enforcement. Therefore, prevention efforts need to be strengthened through cross-sectoral synergy, policy updates, and the enhancement of the role of universities in creating a safe, healthy, and drug-free campus environment.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the social and economic characteristics of fishing households in Muara Telake Village and to identify the supporting and inhibiting factors affecting fishermen. This research employs a quantitative descriptive method with a descriptive analysis approach and purposive sampling technique, involving 24 respondents. Data were analyzed using percentage techniques to illustrate the overall social and economic conditions of the fishermen. The results indicate that the social condition of fishermen falls into the “moderate” category, with an average percentage of 67.29%, covering indicators such as education, age, number of dependents, and health. Meanwhile, the economic condition is also categorized as “moderate,” with an average percentage of 53.70%, encompassing income, expenditure, housing conditions, and asset ownership. Supporting factors include good health, government assistance, family support, and the fishermen’s experience. Conversely, inhibiting factors include low education levels, unpredictable environmental conditions, limited capital, fluctuating fuel prices, and restricted market access, which affect productivity and the welfare of fishing households. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to enhance both social and economic well-being.

This study aims to describe the implementation of the Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening Project (P5) through the entrepreneurship theme at SMP Negeri 5 Kota Bengkulu and to identify its supporting and inhibiting factors. P5 is a program within the Merdeka Curriculum that emphasizes project-based learning to foster 21st-century skills and character, which include the dimensions of faith, global diversity, cooperation, independence, critical thinking, and creativity. This research employed a descriptive qualitative method with data collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. The findings reveal that the implementation of P5 was systematically carried out in planning, implementation, and evaluation stages. In the entrepreneurship theme, students were engaged in designing, producing, and marketing cassava chips. These activities enhanced entrepreneurial skills while also promoting independence, creativity, collaboration, and responsibility. The main supporting factors included strong leadership commitment, teacher creativity, availability of simple facilities, and involvement of parents and the local community. On the other hand, inhibiting factors identified were limited teacher training, a short project duration, minimal production resources, and the absence of standardized evaluation instruments. Overall, the implementation of P5 through the entrepreneurship theme successfully provided meaningful learning experiences that not only strengthened students’ understanding of entrepreneurship but also integrated Pancasila values into daily practice. The results of this study may serve as a reference for other schools in developing contextual P5 projects oriented toward character building.

This study aims to examine the implementation of the cooperative learning model Think Pair Share (TPS) in improving students’ learning outcomes in Arabic language learning at Pesantren Paqusatta, as well as to identify the supporting and inhibiting factors in its application. This research employs a qualitative descriptive method and is categorized as field research. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and document studies using a descriptive technique. The findings reveal that the implementation of the Think Pair Share model in Arabic language learning is effective in enhancing students’ learning outcomes and engagement. Students became more active and confident through the three main stages of the Think Pair Share model: first, providing a question or problem for students to think about individually (think); second, asking them to discuss in pairs (pair) to share answers and refine their understanding; and third, selecting several pairs to present their discussion results in front of the class (share), followed by correction and feedback. The supporting factors include providing opportunities for students to think independently, encouraging peer discussion, presenting ideas in front of the class, fostering collaboration among students, accelerating comprehension of learning materials, and helping improve Arabic speaking skills. Meanwhile, the inhibiting factors consist of limited vocabulary, difficulties in constructing sentences, students’ shyness or lack of confidence and fear of making mistakes when speaking, the need for more time in discussion and presentation, and limited facilities.

This study aims to examine and analyze how the implementation of Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) impacts employee performance improvement at Chatter Lounge Restaurant, Gumaya Tower Semarang. The background of this research stems from initial observations and interviews that revealed inconsistencies in SOP implementation, particularly in aspects of grooming and staff attitudes toward guests. A qualitative descriptive method with a case study approach was employed to gain a comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with four key informants, direct observations of operational activities, and digital documentation related to SOP practices. The data analysis followed the interactive model of Miles and Huberman, which includes three main stages: data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that SOP implementation positively contributes to enhancing employee discipline, time efficiency, and accuracy in following service procedures, leading to a more standardized service quality. Nevertheless, the implementation is not yet fully optimal as several employees lack a comprehensive understanding of SOP content. Inhibiting factors include limited advanced training opportunities, one-way briefings that restrict interactive communication, and the absence of a performance-based reward system to motivate staff. The study highlights that while SOPs serve as a crucial guideline to improve consistency and professionalism, their effectiveness depends heavily on continuous reinforcement and employee engagement. Therefore, it is recommended that the restaurant management strengthen SOP implementation through ongoing training, more participatory internal communication, and the establishment of performance-based reward mechanisms to maximize employee motivation, ensure service excellence, and ultimately enhance guest satisfaction.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the Hatch and Carry Center (H&C) in increasing the population of Elaeidobius kamerunicus pollinating weevils, fruit set levels, and Fresh Fruit Bunch (FFB) productivity in oil palm plantations at Division 6 Estate SGT 02, PT Kayung Agro Lestari, West Kalimantan. The research was conducted over six months, from July to December 2024, using a quasi-experimental comparative design. The period without H&C (July–December 2023) served as the control, while the period with H&C (July–December 2024) was treated as the intervention, allowing for a clearer analysis of differences before and after program implementation. Primary data were collected through monthly field observations on the number of male and female flowers, weevil populations, fruit set levels, and parthenocarpic fruits, providing consistent information on plant reproductive dynamics. In addition, in-depth interviews and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) with stakeholders were conducted to identify supporting and inhibiting factors during implementation. Secondary data on FFB production were obtained from company harvest records in both periods to compare productivity trends. Quantitative data analysis employed the t-test to examine significant differences between the control and treatment periods, while qualitative data were thematically analyzed to explore the dynamics of program execution. The combination of both approaches is expected to provide a comprehensive understanding of the effectiveness of H&C as an innovation in oil palm pollination management.

Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) play a crucial role in driving economic growth at both local and regional levels, including in Malang Regency. Their presence not only creates new job opportunities but also stimulates the economic activities of local communities. Nevertheless, SME actors still face a number of significant challenges. These include limited capital, incomplete business legality, low managerial capacity, and restricted access to wider markets. Such conditions often hinder SMEs from optimizing their competitiveness. This research aims to examine the implementation of SME empowerment programs carried out by the Cooperative and Micro Business Office in Kepanjen, as well as to identify supporting and inhibiting factors. The study employed a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collected through in-depth interviews and documentation studies. The findings reveal that SME empowerment was implemented through various programs, such as training to enhance skills, continuous business mentoring, facilitation of access to financing through financial institutions, and product promotion via exhibitions and digital platforms. These programs have provided positive impacts by strengthening the capacity and visibility of SMEs in the region. The success of these programs is supported by the strong commitment of the local government, synergy among institutions, and active participation of SME actors. On the other hand, several obstacles remain, such as low digital literacy among entrepreneurs, difficulties in obtaining financing due to legal constraints, and complex bureaucratic processes. The results of this research emphasize that SME empowerment requires adaptive strategies, continuous mentoring, and proper program mapping in accordance with local conditions.

This study analyzes the public relations efforts of Radio Republik Indonesia (RRI) Banten in maintaining its existence in the digital era and identifies the inhibiting factors faced. Using a qualitative method with a case study approach, this research involved in-depth interviews with informants from various divisions at RRI Banten, as well as observations of the communication strategies and programs implemented. The results of the study indicate that RRI Banten has undertaken a significant digital transformation, including through the development of the RRI Digital application as a means to expand broadcast access, active use of social media to reach a wider audience, and the implementation of a broadcast program segmentation strategy to adapt to the needs and preferences of listeners from various groups. However, the study also identified several crucial inhibiting factors. Limited human resources, particularly in mastery of digital technology, remain a major obstacle in optimizing the transformation program. In addition, the uneven geographic coverage of broadcasts in some areas limits public access to RRI services. Increasingly fierce competition with other digital media that offer greater flexibility, speed, and interactivity also poses a major challenge. On the other hand, the lack of optimal digital promotion and difficulties in reaching the interests of the younger generation hamper the increase in RRI's popularity in the era of media digitalization.

The application of restorative justice by the police in cases of assault is based on Indonesian National Police Regulation Number 8 of 2021 concerning Handling Criminal Acts Based on Restorative Justice. This regulation provides a basis for investigators in resolving criminal cases by exploring the values ​​of justice that exist in society. This study aims to analyze the application of restorative justice by the police in cases of assault and the inhibiting factors. The research method uses a normative juridical and empirical juridical approach, with secondary data through library research and primary data through field studies. The results indicate that the resolution of cases of assault complies with the provisions of the regulation, as both formal and material requirements are met, and a peace agreement exists between the perpetrator and victim. This process adopts local wisdom values ​​by involving the perpetrator, victim, their respective families, and community leaders. However, obstacles to its implementation exist, including third-party intervention from the victim's family, the perpetrator's limited financial capacity, external interests, lack of community understanding, and communication barriers between the perpetrator and victim. Therefore, specific regulations regarding restorative justice are needed, incorporated into criminal procedural law provisions, for example through the Criminal Procedure Code (RKUHAP), to provide a strong legal basis and ensure legal certainty.

This study aims to discuss the implementation issues of Gresik Regency Regional Regulation Number 7 of 2002 as an effort to overcome street prostitution. Gresik Regency, known as the City of Islamic Students, faces challenges related to prostitution practices. Although Gresik Regency only has the authority to regulate street prostitution, efforts were made by issuing Regional Regulation (Perda) Number 7 of 2002 concerning the Eradication of Prostitution and Indecent Acts in Gresik Regency. However, in its implementation, this Perda is considered ineffective in overcoming the growing number of street prostitution. Several problems emerged, including the implementation of the Perda and its level of success. The research method used is the sociological juridical method with data collection techniques through observation and interviews. The results of the study show that the Gresik Regency Satpol PP implemented Perda Number 7 of 2002 by conducting raids. However, the raids still face obstacles such as information leaks, limited authority, and military interference in prostitution efforts. In addition to raids, the authorities also provide an introduction to the Perda to prostitutes and pimps as a preventive measure. The analysis of the factors driving the effectiveness of the law shows that this Regional Regulation has not been implemented optimally. Inhibiting factors include law enforcement, public legal awareness, and cultural factors. The author recommends that the Gresik Regency Government conduct socialization of Regional Regulation Number 7 of 2002 to the public to improve understanding and legal awareness. In addition, Satpol PP needs to conduct routine raids in collaboration with the police to follow up on the involvement of military personnel and take firm action against civil servants who leak the implementation of raids. The public is also expected to support the authorities in overcoming prostitution

This qualitative research investigates the critical factors inhibiting ship arrival efficiency and their impact on shipping agency performance at PT. Berkah Tata Baruna Banten Branch. Through comprehensive interviews with maritime professionals, port operators, and agency management, the study examines three primary variables: pilot tugboat services, cargo loading-unloading productivity, and document processing efficiency. Utilizing thematic analysis and narrative synthesis, findings reveal significant operational integration challenges that directly affect agency performance metrics. The research demonstrates that synchronized maritime service delivery substantially influences stakeholder satisfaction and business sustainability. Results indicate that technological integration barriers, communication gaps, and human resource development needs constitute primary obstacles to optimal port performance. Beyond identifying constraints, the study highlights how fragmented coordination between service providers creates inefficiencies that extend vessel turnaround times and increase operational costs. Respondents emphasized that transparent communication channels, standardized documentation procedures, and adequate training programs are essential to building resilient port systems. Moreover, the research shows that investment in digital platforms for real-time data sharing could accelerate clearance processes, while workforce development initiatives would ensure higher service reliability. The study contributes theoretically by developing frameworks of integrated maritime service performance and practically by offering policy-oriented recommendations to strengthen agency competitiveness. Overall, the findings provide valuable insights for stakeholders seeking to enhance Indonesia’s maritime logistics capacity, aligning operational improvements with the nation’s broader economic and global shipping ambitions.

This study aims to analyze and find the inhibiting factors faced by North Lampung Police investigators in handling domestic violence (KDRT) cases. The research approaches used are normative juridical and empirical juridical The normative juridical approach is carried out by examining laws and regulations related to the handling of domestic violence, such as Law Number 23 of 2004 concerning the Elimination of Domestic Violence. Meanwhile, an empirical juridical approach is carried out through the collection of primary data from interviews with investigators, prosecutors, academics, and non-governmental organizations active in handling domestic violence. Secondary data is obtained from legal literature, official documents, and applicable regulations. The results of the study show that there are several significant obstacles in the process of investigating domestic violence cases. These obstacles include the lack of sensitivity of investigators to the psychological condition of the victim, social pressure and stigma towards the victim that makes reporting low, and limited public understanding of forms of domestic violence, especially non-physical ones such as psychological and economic violence. Internal obstacles also arise from the limitations of supporting facilities such as victim-friendly examination rooms, psychological assistants, and special training for investigators in handling gender-based cases. From the juridical side, the lack of a clear rule regarding the limits of penal mediation in domestic violence cases creates legal uncertainty and opens up space for perpetrators to escape criminal snares through peace that is often impure. In addition, the patriarchal culture that is still strong in society is a structural obstacle in the law enforcement process that favors victims, especially women. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the capacity of investigators through continuous training, the provision of victim-friendly support facilities, widespread legal socialization to the community, and the reformulation of legal policies that are more firm and in favor of victims. Thus, law enforcement of domestic violence cases can be carried out more effectively, fairly, and oriented towards the protection of human rights.

This study aims to analyze consumer preferences for purchasing organic products in Bandar Lampung City. With increasing awareness of the importance of a healthy lifestyle and environmental sustainability, organic products are increasingly popular among consumers. This study uses a quantitative approach with a survey method to collect data from consumers who purchase organic products in various markets and shops in Bandar Lampung City from November to December 2024. The variables analyzed include factors that influence purchasing decisions, namely age, education level, gender, frequency and location of purchase, and sources of information about organic products. The results show that consumers of organic products are aged between 18-56 years, with the majority being female and from those with higher education (bachelor and postgraduate). Consumers prefer organic products because of health considerations and better quality compared to conventional products. However, higher prices and product availability are inhibiting factors in purchasing organic products. This study provides important insights for organic product producers and marketers in designing more effective marketing strategies, as well as contributing to the development of the organic product market in Bandar Lampung City.

This research aims to analyze the role of morning exercise activities on the health and physical fitness of fifth-grade students at SD Negeri 48 Pagar alam. Morning exercise as a routine physical activity in the school environment potentially provides significant benefits to the physical development and health of elementary school-aged children. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with an observational approach. The research subjects were 28 fifth-grade students of SD Negeri 48 Pagar alam, located in Rimba Candi Village, Candi Jaya Sub-district, Dempo Tengah District. Data collection was carried out through participatory observation, structured interviews with teachers and students, and physical fitness measurements using the Indonesian Physical Fitness Test (TKJI) for children aged 10-12 years. The results showed a significant improvement in components of students' physical fitness including cardiorespiratory endurance, muscle strength, flexibility, and balance after the implementation of routine morning exercise programs for one semester. Additionally, it was identified that morning exercise activities contributed to increased learning concentration, discipline, and school enthusiasm. Several factors supporting the success of this program include support from the school, availability of adequate facilities, and active participation of teachers as role models. Meanwhile, inhibiting factors include unpredictable weather conditions, student tardiness, and limited variation in exercise movements. This research concludes that morning exercise plays a strategic role in improving the health and physical fitness of fifth-grade students at SD Negeri 48 Pagaralam, thus it is recommended to be established as a sustainable program with the development of movement variations and provision of competent instructors.

This study aims to determine the village government's efforts to encourage community participation in development in Mario Village, Tanasitolo District, Wajo Regency, and to identify inhibiting and influencing factors in the implementation of these efforts. Community participation is considered a crucial element in sustainable village development, as without active involvement from residents, development programs are difficult to achieve optimal results. This study used a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through interviews, observation, and documentation. This approach allows the researcher to capture in-depth insights and perspectives directly from the community and village officials. This method allows the data obtained to more comprehensively describe the dynamics of community participation and the strategies implemented by the village government. The results show that the village government has implemented various efforts to encourage community participation, including through village deliberations, mutual cooperation activities, and community service. Community involvement was encouraged through collective decision-making and shared responsibilities in development programs. These efforts have generally had a positive impact on community involvement. However, the study also found inhibiting factors, particularly the community's economic limitations that affect their ability to participate in development. Furthermore, some residents still face challenges in terms of awareness and understanding of the importance of active participation. Therefore, more inclusive strategies oriented towards the socio-economic conditions of the local community are needed. Inclusive policies and adaptive strategies are essential to fostering sustainable rural development. This research is expected to serve as a reference for village governments and other stakeholders in formulating more effective policies, so that village development can proceed effectively, sustainably, and truly benefit all levels of society.  

This study aims to analyze the effective role of the Al-Qurtuby Islamic Boarding School in shaping the character of students. As one of the oldest Islamic educational institutions in Indonesia, the Islamic boarding school holds a very strategic position in developing the morals and ethics of the younger generation, especially amidst the increasing moral crisis that is occurring in the modern era. This study uses a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation so as to be able to describe the reality of the character formation of students in depth. The results show that the Al-Qurtuby Islamic Boarding School has three main functions: as a transmission of Islamic knowledge, a preserver of Islamic traditions, and a center for the development of prospective ulama (Islamic scholars). These three functions contribute significantly to fostering a character of peace, tolerance, independence, and a sense of responsibility in students. The character formation process is carried out through various methods, including the exemplary behavior of kyai (Islamic clerics) and ustaz (Islamic teachers), habituation in daily activities, and the provision of educational advice and sanctions. Supporting factors for the formation of students' character at this boarding school include the students' high internal motivation to learn, maintained discipline, and a conducive Islamic boarding school environment full of religious values. However, this study also identified inhibiting factors, such as student boredom due to busy schedules, limited facilities, and the challenge of adapting to changing times that demand innovation in teaching methods. The implications of this research are that it provides information for Islamic boarding school administrators in designing more effective strategies for developing character education, while also serving as a reference for other Islamic educational institutions wishing to adopt a similar approach. Thus, Islamic boarding schools remain relevant in producing a generation with noble character capable of facing future social and moral challenges.