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This study aims to see the effect of Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) and Return on Assets (ROA) on Stock Price in PT. Wilmar Cahaya Indonesia, Tbk which is listed on the IDX during the period 2015–2022. The data used in this study is in the form of the company's annual financial statements obtained through secondary sources. This study uses a quantitative approach with multiple linear regression analysis methods, while data processing is carried out using the SPSS application. The results of the study show that partially the Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) variable has a negative effect on the Share Price, while the Return on Assets (ROA) does not have a positive effect on the company's Share Price. However, the results of the simultaneous test show that DER and ROA together have a positive and significant influence on the Stock Price. These findings provide an idea that the combination of capital structure and profitability remains an important indicator in assessing the performance of a company's shares even though their partial relationships show different tendencies. In addition, this research can be a reference for investors in considering the company's fundamental condition before making investment decisions, as well as provide additional insights for management in managing the capital structure more optimally.

The purpose of this study is to examine and assess how PT BCA applies PSAK 4 and PSAK 65 in the development and presentation of its consolidated financial statements. This study is primarily motivated by the importance of consolidated financial statements as a useful source to offer a comprehensive view of an entity's financial condition, especially when the entity has subsidiaries. This research method can be categorized as descriptive qualitative research, utilizing secondary data sources, including PSAK and BCA's financial statements for the years 2022 to 2023. The findings indicate that BCA has reliably complied with PSAK 4 and PSAK 65 standards. This includes accurately combining the financial statements of its parent company and subsidiaries based on the control principle, eliminating inter-entity transactions, and transparently disclosing the NCI portion of equity. Furthermore, the fair values ​​of assets and liabilities have been combined and assessed in accordance with appropriate standards. In summary, BCA has demonstrated a strong commitment to maintaining accountability, information transparency, and effective corporate governance practices, thereby ensuring its financial statements reliably and accurately reflect the group's financial condition. From this conclusion, it can be stated that BCA has implemented both PSAKs systematically and effectively to increase reporting transparency.

This study aims to assess the effect of PSAK 57 implementation on the quality of financial statements in Indonesian public companies. PSAK 57 is significant because it facilitates the presentation of uncertain liabilities and assets in an honest, relevant, and transparent manner, which ultimately strengthens stakeholder confidence in these financial statements. This study applies a descriptive quantitative approach using secondary data, namely annual reports and financial statements from public companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) within a certain period. The evaluation was conducted to measure the degree of compliance with PSAK 57 and its relationship with financial statement quality parameters, such as relevance, reliability, and comparability. The research findings indicate that the implementation of PSAK 57 has a positive impact on the quality of financial statements, as entities that consistently adopt this standard demonstrate higher levels of transparency and accountability. This conclusion conveys a crucial message to practitioners and regulators to continue to deepen their understanding and implementation of PSAK 57 in order to strengthen the quality and integrity of financial reporting in Indonesia.

This research aims to examine the effect of profit optimization on market reaction and the mediating role of tax avoidance in this relationship among insurance sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the 2020–2023 period. Profit optimization is proxied by Return on Assets, market reaction by stock returns, and tax avoidance by the Effective Tax Rate. This research employs a quantitative approach using secondary data obtained from the financial statements of 17 insurance sub-sector companies, with a final sample of 10 companies selected through purposive sampling. Data analysis was conducted using classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression, and path analysis. The results indicate that profit optimization has a positive and significant effect on tax avoidance. However, tax avoidance does not influence market reaction, and profit optimization also does not have a direct effect on market reaction. Furthermore, tax avoidance is able to mediate the effect of profit optimization on market reaction. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of how earnings information quality, taxation strategies, and investor responses interact in shaping capital market dynamics within the insurance industry. The findings also provide a foundation for future research to explore external factors that may influence these relationships, offering additional academic value for strengthening subsequent studies.

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a strategic role in driving Indonesia's economic growth, but still face limitations in systematic financial management. The use of digital accounting applications is one solution to improve the quality of MSME financial recording and reporting. This activity aims to highlight the advantages of financial reporting education using the Jurnal Bijak application at the J't Fresh MSME in Palangka Raya City. The methods used included interviews, observation, and documentation. The results of the activity showed that the Jurnal Bijak application is effective, efficient, and easy to use by MSMEs in recording financial transactions. This application enables the preparation of accurate and structured financial reports based on simple transaction evidence, such as income and expense records, general journals, and ledgers. The resulting financial statements include Income Statement, Statement of Changes in Equity, Statement of Cash Flow, and Statement of Financial Position. The main advantages of this program focus on increasing financial literacy, reducing recording errors, and time efficiency in the accounting process, thereby supporting transparency and accountability in MSME management.

State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) are business entities whose capital is wholly or primarily owned by the government, and in the form of Persero, partial capital participation from the private sector is permitted. Earnings quality reflects the firm’s true economic condition; therefore, it is influenced by financial conditions and the policies implemented. This study aims to examine the effect of accounting conservatism, capital structure, liquidity, profitability, and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) disclosure on earnings quality in SOEs listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2023 and 2024. Research data were obtained from financial statements and sustainability reports as secondary sources, and analyzed using multiple linear regression with the assistance of SPSS software. The findings indicate that accounting conservatism has a positive effect on earnings quality, whereas liquidity and profitability have negative effects. Meanwhile, capital structure and CSR disclosure show no significant effect on earnings quality. These results provide empirical insights for stakeholders in understanding the factors that influence the reliability of earnings information in SOEs.

This study aims to analyze the influence of profitability, liquidity, and leverage on firm value, both partially and simultaneously. The background of this study is based on the importance of firm value as an indicator of managerial performance and a factor that attracts investor attention. The approach used is quantitative with a causal-associative research type. The data used is secondary data obtained from the financial statements of 19 companies in the healthcare sector. Based on the analysis, the results indicate that profitability has a positive and significant effect on firm value, indicating that good financial performance can increase market perception of firm value. On the other hand, liquidity and leverage do not show a significant effect on firm value. This indicates that these two factors do not significantly influence market assessments of companies in the healthcare sector that are the object of this study. However, simultaneously, all three variables are proven to have a significant effect on firm value, indicating that although their partial effects are different, all three factors have a collective contribution in shaping firm value. From the results of this study, it can be concluded that profitability is the main factor that plays a role in increasing firm value, while liquidity and leverage require further attention in a more specific context.

This study examines the challenges encountered by auditors in evaluating the fairness of notes payable and equity accounts as part of the financial statement audit process. These accounts carry a high risk of misstatement when recognition, measurement, or disclosure does not align with applicable standards. The purpose of this research is to provide an in-depth overview of the procedures, techniques, and professional judgments applied by auditors in assessing the fairness of both accounts, including issues related to misclassification, incomplete audit evidence, and limited responses from third-party confirmations. This study employs a descriptive qualitative method through a literature review of relevant academic publications. The findings indicate that auditors frequently face obstacles such as the mixing of accrued interest with the principal amount, low confirmation response rates, and inadequate supporting documentation. These challenges require auditors to perform alternative procedures and strengthen substantive testing to obtain sufficient and appropriate audit evidence. The implications of this study highlight the need for consistent application of auditing standards, comprehensive documentation, and effective communication with clients to ensure financial statements present a true and fair view.

This study focuses on the role of auditing in improving the credibility and reliability of financial statements, particularly through the examination of cash and cash equivalents, which are the most liquid assets and also the most vulnerable to errors and fraud. The purpose of this study is to improve the understanding of financial statement users, including investors, financial analysts, consultants, academics and accounting practitioners, as well as accounting students, about the function of cash and cash equivalents audit reports in improving business quality. This study found that comprehensive and independent cash and cash equivalent audits can increase user confidence in the transparency, accountability, and reputation of companies. This study conducted semi-structured interviews with eight informants in Jakarta, Bogor, and Depok. The results show that three main factors influence financial statement users' perceptions of audit quality: auditor credibility, audit process independence, and the audit's ability to demonstrate good corporate governance. According to the results of this study, cash audits are very important as a measure of management integrity and a tool for assessing company quality. The study is also expected to help auditors and management improve audit practices that are clearer, more independent, and focused on the needs of financial statement users.

This study aims to see whether financial distress, leverage, and profitability affect accounting conservatism in manufacturing companies in the food and beverage subsector listed on the IDX for the 2021–2024 period. The independent variables used are financial distress, leverage, and profitability, while the bound variables are accounting conservatism. Data processing was carried out using the SPSS version 26 program with multiple linear regression methods. Sampling used purposive sampling techniques with certain criteria so that 63 companies were obtained as a sample for four years of observation (2021–2024). Of the total 252 financial statement data, after the deletion of outlier data, the number of data used became 183. The results of the study show that simultaneously financial distress, leverage, and profitability affect accounting conservatism. Partially, these three variables also have a positive effect on accounting conservatism. In addition, these findings indicate that companies with financial pressures and certain levels of financial management tend to apply higher prudential principles in the preparation of their financial statements.

The purpose of this research is to analyze how strategies for collecting and managing Third Party Funds (DPK) affect the profitability level of Bank Jatim. As the bank’s main funding source, the effectiveness of DPK management significantly determines its ability to distribute credit, maintain liquidity, and improve financial performance. This research applies a qualitative descriptive methodology within a case study framework at Bank Jatim, with data collected through comprehensive field observations. conducted during the MBKM internship program in the Accounting and Financial Management Division, complemented by the analysis of Bank Jatim’s financial statements for the 2024–2025 period. The findings reveal that the 15% growth in DPK in 2024 positively contributed to the increase in productive assets, net interest margin (NIM), and return on assets (ROA). Bank Jatim’s main strategies include increasing the proportion of low-cost funds (CASA), digitalizing services through the JConnect application, collaborating with local governments, and providing exclusive services for priority customers. These approaches not only promote the growth of low-cost funds but also strengthen customer loyalty and the bank’s competitiveness amid the evolving banking landscape. The study concludes that innovative, efficient, and digitally based DPK management enhances Bank Jatim’s profitability and reinforces its role as a regional development bank. The study recommends strengthening financial literacy among the public and diversifying deposit products to expand the customer base..      Keywords: Third Party Funds, Bank Jatim, Profitability, Digital Banking, Financial Management Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana strategi penghimpunan dan pengelolaan Dana Pihak Ketiga (DPK) berpengaruh terhadap tingkat profitabilitas Bank Jatim. Sebagai sumber pendanaan utama, efektivitas pengelolaan DPK memiliki peran penting dalam menjaga kemampuan bank untuk menyalurkan kredit, mempertahankan likuiditas, serta meningkatkan kinerja keuangan secara keseluruhan. Metode penelitian yang diterapkan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan studi kasus pada Bank Jatim. Data dikumpulkan melalui kegiatan observasi langsung di lapangan. program magang di Divisi Akuntansi dan Manajemen Keuangan, serta melalui analisis laporan keuangan Bank Jatim periode 2024–2025.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan DPK sebesar 15% pada tahun 2024 memberikan dampak positif terhadap peningkatan aset produktif, Net Interest Margin (NIM), dan Return on Assets (ROA). Strategi utama yang diterapkan Bank Jatim mencakup peningkatan proporsi dana murah (CASA), digitalisasi layanan melalui aplikasi JConnect, kolaborasi dengan pemerintah daerah, serta penyediaan layanan eksklusif bagi nasabah prioritas. Strategi tersebut tidak hanya berhasil mendorong peningkatan dana murah, tetapi juga memperkuat loyalitas nasabah dan daya saing Bank Jatim di tengah ketatnya persaingan industri perbankan.Kesimpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengelolaan DPK yang inovatif, efisien, dan berbasis digital berkontribusi signifikan terhadap peningkatan profitabilitas Bank Jatim sekaligus memperkuat perannya sebagai bank pembangunan daerah. Rekomendasi dari penelitian ini adalah perlunya peningkatan literasi keuangan masyarakat serta diversifikasi produk simpanan untuk memperluas basis nasabah   Kata kunci: Dana Pihak ketiga, Bank Jatim, keuntungan , Digital Banking, Financial Management

This study aims to examine the effect of ownership structure on audit report lag (ARL) in State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) in Indonesia. The ownership structures studied include managerial ownership, government ownership, and institutional ownership. The research method used is a quantitative approach with multiple linear regression analysis, using secondary data obtained from annual reports and audited financial statements of SOEs listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2019-2023 period. The results show that managerial ownership has a negative effect on ARL, meaning that the higher the managerial ownership, the faster the audit report completion. Conversely, government ownership has a positive effect on ARL, indicating that the greater the government ownership, the longer the time required to complete the audit report. Institutional ownership also has a negative effect on ARL, indicating that companies with institutional ownership tend to be faster in completing audit reports. This study provides insight into the role of ownership structure in influencing the efficiency of audit report completion time in Indonesian SOEs.

The purposes of this study analyze financial distress of non-food retail companies registered on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) between 2021 to 2024, as impacted by profitability, liquidity, leverage, and firm size. The sample criteria were as follows: (1) companies operating in the non-food retail sector and listed on the IDX during the specified period; (2) companies that consistently presented complete annual financial statements for each year; and (3) companies whose financial statements indicated that they reported a profit in the current year. Purposive sampling was employed to select the sample, resulting in 25 companies with a total of 100 observations. This research employed a quantitative approach using secondary data. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression in SPSS version 25. The results of the partial test (t-test) revealed that profitability (ROA) and liquidity (CR) had a significant positive effect on financial distress. This suggests that higher profitability and liquidity increase the Altman Z-Score, thereby reducing the risk of a company experiencing financial distress. In contrast, leverage (DAR) and firm size (LN) were found to have no significant effect. These results emphasize the dominant role of internal factors, particularly profitability and liquidity, in shaping the financial condition of non-food retail companies in Indonesia.

This study aims to analyze the effect of liquidity and solvency ratios on the profitability of PT GoTo Go-Jek Tokopedia Tbk. The liquidity ratio in this study is measured using the Current Ratio (CR), while the solvency ratio uses the Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) and Debt to Asset Ratio (DAR). The research data includes the 2018–2020 financial statements of PT Tokopedia Tbk and the years 2021–2023 after the company transformed into PT GoTo Go-Jek Tokopedia Tbk. The research method uses a descriptive quantitative approach with secondary data from the company's annual financial statements. The results show that the company's liquidity ratio fluctuates in the range of 1.55–3.14, while the DER is in the range of 0.12–0.42 and the DAR is between 0.17–0.34. The results of the simultaneous test showed the value of sig. The F Change of 0.003 < 0.05 indicates that CR, DER, and DAR have a less significant correlation relationship with Return on Assets (ROA). A determination coefficient value of 0.382 showed that 38.2% of the ROA variables were influenced by CR and DAR, while the remaining 67.8% were explained by other factors outside the model. Overall, the research findings confirm the importance of efficient debt management and optimization of capital structure to increase the company's long-term profitability.

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a vital role in Indonesia’s economy. However, most business actors have not fully implemented proper inventory accounting in accordance with standards. This study aims to analyze the recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure of raw material inventories at Pabrik Super Jaya and evaluate their compliance with the Financial Accounting Standards for Micro, Small, and Medium Entities (SAK EMKM). This research employed a qualitative descriptive method with primary data obtained through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results indicate that inventory recognition is still manual, using notebooks without formal evidence. Measurement is based on raw material costs, labor, and daily expenses, without formal methods such as FIFO or average. Financial reporting is limited to a simple income statement without detailed inventory or notes to financial statements. Disclosure is limited to physical quantities and nominal values. Thus, Pabrik Super Jaya’s inventory practices are not fully aligned with SAK EMKM standards

This study examines how the profit-sharing system is implemented in the Easy Mudharabah Savings product at Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI) Cimahi Branch Office in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (PSAK) 405 about Mudharabah Accounting. This study combined field observation and literature review in a descriptive qualitative manner. Interviews, documents, and literature reviews on the National Sharia Council's (DSN-MUI) fatwa on the mudharabah contract were used to gather the data. The findings demonstrate that the Easy Mudharabah Savings program at the BSI Cimahi Branch has been appropriately and sharia-compliantly executed in conformity with PSAK 405 regulations. Customer deposits, as opposed to the bank's permanent liabilities, are recorded as Temporary Syirkah Funds. Based on the agreed-upon nisbah and the average daily balances of the clients, the profit-sharing method is used to calculate the profit-sharing. Furthermore, PSAK 405 is followed in the presentation and disclosure of financial statements, while there is still opportunity to further customer information transparency. All things considered, the results of this study show that the Islamic banking profit-sharing system's implementation of PSAK 405 upholds the values of equity, cooperation, and openness.

This study examines the application of Financial Accounting Standards Statement 45 on Financial Reporting of Non-Profit Entities at the Istiqomah Foundation, which operates in the education sector. Non-profit organizations, especially educational foundations, require an accountable financial reporting system to maintain stakeholder trust. The purpose of this study is to analyze the conformity of the Istiqomah Foundation's accounting practices with PSAK 45 standards and to identify obstacles encountered in its implementation. The research method uses a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques through interviews, observation, and documentation. The results show that the Istiqomah Foundation has prepared a statement of financial position and activity report, but there are still deficiencies in the presentation of the cash flow statement and notes to the financial statements. The classification of net assets is not fully in accordance with the provisions of PSAK 45, which distinguishes between permanently restricted, temporarily restricted, and unrestricted net assets. The main obstacles found include limited human resources who understand non-profit accounting and the absence of an adequate computerized accounting system. The study recommends the need for non-profit accounting training for foundation financial managers and the development of an accounting information system that is appropriate to the characteristics of non-profit educational entities.

This study aims to understand the application of zakat accounting at LAZ BAZNAS Jambi City, to identify the obstacles in implementing zakat accounting at LAZ BAZNAS Jambi City, and to determine the suitability of the zakat accounting application at LAZ BAZNAS based on PSAK No. 109. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method, with data collected through interviews. The results of the study indicate that, first, the application of zakat accounting at BAZNAS Jambi City—based on the elements of recognition, measurement, and disclosure—has been implemented in accordance with PSAK No. 109. In terms of presentation, BAZNAS Jambi City provides cash flow financial reports, and the amil section is also included in the fund change report. Second, the obstacles faced by BAZNAS Jambi City include inefficiency in the distribution process in terms of time and energy, and the inability to use banking accounts. Other challenges are related to the lack of understanding and skills among human resources, the complexity of transactions, and insufficient government support to enable cooperation with banks, which would facilitate the distribution of zakat funds. Third, the conformity of zakat accounting application at BAZNAS Jambi City has been generally appropriate. However, in the presentation of financial statements, there are no changes in managed assets and no notes to the financial statements. Therefore, in terms of conformity, the financial statements of BAZNAS Jambi City are not yet fully in accordance with PSAK No. 109.

This study aims to analyze the effect of profitability, liquidity, and asset structure on the capital structure of banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2019–2023 period, with firm size as a moderating variable. The research employs a quantitative approach using secondary data obtained from financial statements. The sample was determined through a purposive sampling technique, resulting in 27 banking companies that met the criteria. Data were analyzed using multiple regression analysis and Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). The results reveal that profitability has a negative and significant effect on capital structure, indicating that banks with higher profitability tend to reduce their dependence on external financing. In contrast, liquidity and asset structure do not have a significant effect on capital structure, suggesting that these factors are less influential in determining debt policy within the banking sector. Furthermore, the MRA results demonstrate that firm size moderates the relationship between profitability and capital structure, implying that larger firms can better manage internal funds to reduce leverage. However, firm size does not moderate the effects of liquidity and asset structure on capital structure. These findings contribute to understanding capital structure determinants in the Indonesian banking industry.

This study aims to analyze the effect of institutional ownership and firm size on auditdelay with audit quality as a moderating variable in 54 mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the 2021–2024 period. Using a quantitative approach with panel regression analysis, The audit delay is calculated using the number of days between the end of the financial year and issuance date of the audited financial statements; Institutionelles Eigentum is calculated by percentage institutional shareholding; firm size by the natural logarithm of total assets; and audit quality is proxied by the reputation of the Public Accounting Firm (Big Four and Non-Big Four). The results show that institutional ownership has no effect on audit delay, firm size has a negative effect on audit delay, and audit quality weakens the negative effect of both institutional ownership and firm size on audit delay. These findings highlight the need for companies and auditors to reconsider the effectiveness of monitoring mechanisms and audit quality to achieve more optimal audit completion.