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Occupational diseases continue to pose significant challenges to worker health and productivity worldwide. This integrative literature review analyzes ten selected journal articles from 2019 to 2025 that discuss the role of early detection and workplace health interventions in preventing occupational diseases. Findings reveal that medical surveillance, routine check-ups, and AI-based stress detection technologies are effective tools for identifying health risks at an early stage. Workplace interventions such as ergonomic programs, chemical exposure controls, and community-based health promotion show measurable improvements in worker health and compliance with safety protocols. The Total Worker Health® framework by NIOSH emerges as a comprehensive strategy to integrate health protection and promotion in the workplace. However, implementation gaps remain, particularly in the informal sector, due to limited infrastructure and low awareness. This study concludes that combining early detection with structured health interventions, supported by strong policy and stakeholder involvement, is key to reducing occupational disease burdens.

This study discusses the comparison of taxation systems between developed and developing countries, focusing on the strategic role of taxes in national development, tax administration challenges, and the relationship between public service quality and taxpayer compliance. Using a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study method, this research compares Sweden, a developed country known for its transparent and efficient tax system, with Indonesia, a developing country that still faces challenges in tax collection and administration. The findings reveal that the success of a tax system depends greatly on transparency, public service quality, and public trust. In developed countries, taxes serve not only as state revenue but also as tools for income redistribution and economic control. Meanwhile, in developing countries, the main obstacles include low compliance, legal uncertainty, weak enforcement, and underdeveloped administrative culture. Therefore, tax reform is essential to improve tax system effectiveness and public participation. This study recommends regulatory improvement, increased tax literacy, and service innovation to build a fair, transparent, and sustainable tax system.

Sentani Kota Village as a strategic area experiences significant pressure due to population growth and economic activities, facing complex problems including the conversion of agricultural land and forests into residential and commercial areas, low public awareness about sustainable spatial planning, and weaknesses in law enforcement and supervision. This condition potentially threatens the environmental sustainability and ecosystem of Lake Sentani. This study aims to evaluate the suitability of spatial utilization in Sentani Kota Village, Sentani District, Jayapura Regency, focusing on two main issues: the level of conformity between existing spatial utilization and the Regional Spatial Plan (RTRW) guidelines, and the factors that support and hinder the effectiveness of RTRW implementation. Conducting overlay analysis of existing conditions and spatial pattern maps, complemented by field verification at 28 observation points and stakeholder interviews with the Spatial Planning Agency. The results show that 76.5% (2,759.07 hectares) of spatial utilization conforms to RTRW guidelines, while 22.9% (825.98 hectares) remains non-conforming, and 0.6% (21.66 hectares) violates regulations. Supporting factors include routine monitoring protocols, high conformity levels in designated areas, firm enforcement actions, and community leadership involvement. Conversely, hindering factors encompass low public compliance, non-conforming zones prone to violations, inconsistent enforcement responses, various types of violations, limited sanction mechanisms, and inadequate preventive measures. This study recommends targeted enforcement in critical zones, transition planning for non-conforming areas, lake buffer zone management, enhanced community participation, and systematic monitoring protocols to achieve more effective spatial utilization control.

This study discusses how corporate governance (Good Corporate Governance/GCG) plays a role in reducing and controlling financial risk in an organization. Financial risk is an inseparable aspect of business activities, especially when companies face unstable and challenging market conditions. Therefore, a governance system is needed that can help companies recognize potential risks early on, as well as set appropriate handling strategies to minimize their impact on business continuity. The method used in this study is a literature study, namely by collecting secondary data from scientific journals and trusted articles that are relevant to the topic. The discussion includes theoretical foundations related to GCG principles, corporate governance structures, and financial risk mitigation steps. In addition, the role of the government in providing regulatory support is also discussed as part of the external factors that affect the effectiveness of corporate governance. From the results of the analysis, it is known that the application of GCG principles such as transparency, accountability, and responsibility has a major influence on the company's resilience in facing financial risks. A clear organizational structure and strong supervision allow companies to manage risks systematically. In other words, GCG makes a real contribution to strengthening a sustainable and adaptive risk management system to changes in the business environment.

The dissenting opinion phenomenon in Decision Number 12/G/2021/PTUN.GTO reflects the tension between the principle of legality and administrative practice in the dishonorable dismissal (PTDH) of Polri members. This study aims to analyze the legal position of dissenting opinions in the state administrative judicial system and assess the extent to which PTDH decisions reflect compliance with the principle of legality and general principles of good governance. This research uses juridical-normative method with conceptual approach and case study. The results of the study show that dissenting opinions function as judicial control over the potential for abuse of administrative authority, especially when the legal basis for PTDH refers to circular letters that do not have the binding force of laws and regulations. It is recommended that the PTDH mechanism prioritizes the principle of due process of law to ensure justice and legal certainty for members of the National Police who are subject to administrative sanctions.

This study aims to analyze internal factors that influence the tendency of accounting fraud in Village Credit Institutions (Lembaga Perkreditan Desa/LPD) in Badung Regency. The research is based on the fraud triangle theory, which highlights conditions that may trigger fraudulent behavior. A quantitative approach was employed, with data collected through questionnaires distributed to the heads and treasurers of each LPD. The study population consisted of 115 LPDs, with a sample of 54 LPDs selected using purposive sampling. Data analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression with SPSS version 26 to examine the effects of internal control, human resource competence, compliance with accounting rules, and ethical organizational culture on the tendency of accounting fraud. The results indicate that internal control, human resource competence, compliance with accounting standards, and ethical organizational culture all have a negative and significant effect on the tendency of accounting fraud. These findings underscore the importance of strengthening internal controls, enhancing employee competence, adhering to accounting standards, and fostering an ethical organizational culture to minimize the occurrence of accounting fraud in LPD financial management.  

Mercury is a highly toxic and bioaccumulative heavy metal. Despite its prohibition, mercury is still frequently found as a contaminant in cosmetic products, particularly in whitening products. This article aims to review and present various findings from previous studies on mercury levels in cosmetic preparations marketed in Indonesia, analyzed using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). The method employed is a literature review of scientific articles published between 2015 and 2025, selected based on their focus on mercury analysis in cosmetics use of the AAS method. The review results show that the majority of whitening creams and lotions contain mercury levels exceeding the safety limits set by the Indonesian National Agency of Drug and Food Control (BPOM RI), with some samples showing extremely high concentrations reaching thousands of ppm. In contrast, other preparations such as powders, hair dyes, and deodorants generally have low or undetectable mercury levels. These findings indicate a lack of understanding regarding mercury and its dangers, especially regarding compliance with regulations on cosmetic products, especially those sold online. The conclusion of this review emphasizes the need for enhanced regulatory enforcement, stricter supervision, and increased public education to protect consumers from the health risks posed by mercury-containing cosmetics.

Diabetic retinopathy is a microvascular complication that often occurs in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus and is a major cause of blindness in older adults and the elderly. This study aims to describe the characteristics of diabetic retinopathy in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus through a literature review of 10 journals published between 2022 and 2025. The results of the analysis show that the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy globally reaches 35%, with the main risk factors including long duration of diabetes (>5 years), high HbA1c levels (>7%), and poor glycemic control. The majority of cases of diabetic retinopathy are found in the non-proliferative stage (65%), which is characterized by microaneurysms and retinal hemorrhages, while the proliferative stage is less common but has a high risk of causing blindness. The study also revealed that patients with comorbidities such as hypertension and dyslipidemia tend to experience more severe diabetic retinopathy. Further stages of diabetic retinopathy if not managed properly can cause vision-threatening conditions. However, low patient compliance in metabolic control and eye examination is a major challenge. Management of diabetic retinopathy requires a holistic approach that includes patient education, regular screening, and comprehensive risk factor control to prevent progression of diabetic retinopathy and maintain the quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of murabahah financing agreements and the role of internal control systems on the decision-making process for providing murabahah financing at Bank BJB Syariah KCP Lippo Cikarang. The study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation to relevant informants in the bank environment. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of murabahah agreements is carried out by considering sharia principles and internal bank provisions, while the internal control system plays an important role in ensuring compliance with regulations, preventing financing risks, and supporting healthy and sustainable financing decisions. These findings provide an illustration that the integration between the implementation of correct murabahah agreements and an effective internal control system can improve the quality of the financing process and reduce the risks faced by banks.

Hypertension is a disease that does not show symptoms or complaints. However, if detected at an advanced stage of the disease, it can result in disability or death. Hypertension is increasing, especially in the elderly group, known as the Silent Killer disease (Ministry of Health, 2019). In Indonesia and in several countries in the world, hypertension has become a major health problem, where the increase in hypertension cases is estimated to increase by around 80%, especially in developing countries in 2025 from 639 million cases in 2000, and is estimated to increase to 1.5 billion cases in 2025 (Hakim L., 2019). Increasing public awareness can be done through promotive and preventive efforts by conducting early detection of routine blood pressure measurements and compliance in taking medication routinely (Astutiatmaja, 2022). The purpose of this community service activity is to increase the knowledge of the elderly about controlling and treating hypertension to prevent the risk of complications of other degenerative diseases due to hypertension and as an evaluation to increase the knowledge of the elderly to maintain health in old age so that complications of the disease can be prevented in improving the quality of life of the elderly

The port industry plays an important role in Indonesia's economic growth, but its operational activities pose a major risk to occupational safety and health (OHS). The aim is to analyze the management of occupational accident risk hazards at Tanjung Perak Port. And identify potential hazards in loading and unloading activities, use of heavy equipment, and worker safety. This study was conducted qualitatively, which showed that several risks were in the low category with 2 risks, medium with 25 risks, and high with 12 risks, so that these results require immediate control measures. The application of OHS management through the HIRARC method helps to systematically identify, assess, and control hazards. This study suggests increasing compliance with the use of personal protective equipment (PPE), optimizing work procedures, and regular safety training to significantly reduce occupational accidents.

Sustained-release tablets are pharmaceutical preparations designed to gradually release the active substance over a specific period, thereby maintaining a constant concentration of the drug in the circulatory system and enhancing therapeutic effectiveness.The development of sustained-release tablets aims to extend the duration of drug action, reduce the frequency of dose administration, and minimize fluctuations in drug levels in the plasma, which ultimately enhances patient compliance and treatment effectiveness, especially in chronic diseases.The purpose of this review is to identify various formulation methods and innovations in the production of sustained-release tablets, as well as to examine the factors that influence the success of these formulations.The method used in this study is a literature review that collects data from various scientific publications over the past five years through online platforms such as Google Scholar, using keywords related to matrix sustained-release tablets and pharmaceutical formulations.The results of the review indicate that various techniques, such as formulating polymer matrices, coating, and encapsulation, have been applied with varying degrees of success depending on the type of active ingredients and excipients used. Some formulation innovations, such as the use of natural polymer matrices and matrix modifications, have proven effective in achieving controlled, stable, and quality-standard-compliant drug release.

Chronic disease caused by increased blood sugar levels and potentially causing many complications especially when uncontrolled conditions are known as diabetes mellitus. Glycosylated hemoglobin examination is a reliable method in evaluating long-term glycemic control because it is not affected by daily fluctuations and reflects glucose levels for 120 days. The province with the 10th highest number of diabetes mellitus cases in 2018 was Aceh. One of the districts in Aceh, namely North Aceh, is the area with the highest incidence of cases. This study aims to describe HbA1c levels and characteristics of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at Cut Meutia Regional Hospital, North Aceh in 2023. Using a descriptive cross-sectional design, 77 patients were selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected from laboratory results and MMAS-8 and MIAS-8 questionnaires. The results showed that most patients had uncontrolled HbA1c levels (90.9%), uncontrolled HbA1c men (91.7%), 56–65 years old (40.3%), had pre-hypertension blood pressure (83.1%), and medication compliance in the moderate category (54.5%). This can be concluded that cases of diabetes with uncontrolled glycosylated hemoglobin levels are men.

The protection of personal data privacy rights has become a crucial issue in the digital age. This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of digital applications in increasing public awareness regarding the importance of personal data protection and its legal implications. The research method employed is a literature study with a normative juridical approach, analyzing relevant laws and regulations on personal data protection, literature studies, and an analysis of the features of digital applications that focus on privacy education and control. The results of the study indicate that digital applications have significant potential in raising public awareness through the provision of easily accessible information, visualization of risks, and consent control mechanisms for data usage. However, their effectiveness heavily relies on intuitive interface design, clear and concise information delivery, and developers' compliance with personal data protection principles. This research recommends the need for more comprehensive regulations to ensure the quality standards and accountability of digital applications in educating the public about personal data privacy rights, as well as encouraging collaboration between developers, the government, and civil society organizations to create a safer and more privacy-aware digital ecosystem.

In the management of Diabetes Mellitus, there are five pillars, one of which is the DM diet. Therefore, there needs to be dietary compliance in controlling blood sugar levels. Diet compliance is an important aspect for success in running and controlling sugar levels. Diet compliance of DM sufferers is greatly influenced by family support. Knowing the relationship between DM diet compliance and family support with blood glucose control in Diabetes Mellitus patients. This study uses a quantitative research type using a cross-sectional study. The sample of this study amounted to 48 respondents using the purposive sampling technique. Measuring dietary compliance and family support using a questionnaire, while measuring blood glucose levels using a blood sugar checker. The results of the Spearman test showed a relationship between DM diet compliance and blood glucose control with a p value of 0.001 with a correlation relationship of -0.461 and there was a relationship between family support for blood glucose control with a p value of 0.002 with a correlation relationship of 0.442. There is a relationship between DM diet compliance and family support with blood glucose control in Diabetes Mellitus patients.

Background: The frequency of hypertension continues to increase in line with the low compliance of hypertension sufferers in carrying out their treatment, one of which is a hypertension diet. Family support plays a crucial role in increasing self-confidence, motivation, and life satisfaction of hypertension sufferers. Family involvement in health education programs helps patients with their needs met, understanding when to seek medical help, and support for treatment compliance, which can prevent recurrence and serious complications due to hypertension. In addition, compliance with a hypertension diet is very important to keep blood pressure stable. A good understanding of the benefits of diet and the role of family and health workers in providing support can increase diet compliance. Conversely, low understanding can reduce awareness of the importance of diet, potentially causing ongoing complications. Therefore, hypertension management strategies must involve family support and education about the right diet to achieve optimal health outcomes. This study was conducted to analyze the Relationship Between Family Support and Diet Compliance in the Elderly in Controlling Hypertension at the Kedungmundu Health Center. Methods: This study uses a quantitative method with a correlational approach. Data were collected through demographic questionnaires, family support, and hypertension diet compliance, with a study sample consisting of 90 people using random sampling techniques. Somers' D test was chosen as the statistical analysis method for this research data. Results: Based on the study, it was found that some respondents received quite good family support, with a total of 57 people (63.3%) and were quite compliant with dietary compliance as many as 57 people (63.3%). The results of the Somers' D test showed that the significance value of p = 0.000 <α (0.05), so H0 was rejected. Conclusion: Based on the data analysis, the conclusion obtained is that there is a relationship between family support and dietary compliance in the elderly in controlling hypertension at the Kedungmundu Health Center, Semarang City.

Cataract is one of the aging processes characterized by cloudiness in the lens of the eyeball so that it can reduce the ability to see to blindness. One of the therapies for cataract sufferers is surgery which aims to improve vision or sharpness of vision. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between patient knowledge about post-cataract surgery care and control compliance at IEC Eye Care Thamrin Nine. The study was conducted at the IEC Eye Care Thamrin Nine Eye Clinic. The data collection technique used a questionnaire on post-operative care knowledge and the level of control compliance. The population was all post-cataract surgery patients at Eye Care Thamrin Nine totaling 195 patients, the number of samples was 66 patients, the sampling technique used purposive sampling. The results of the study used the Spearman rank correlation test, a P-value of 0.000 showed that the relationship was very significant, where a p-value smaller than 0.05 indicated that the null hypothesis could be rejected. In addition, the correlation coefficient (R) of 0.591 showed a relationship between the level of patient knowledge and their compliance with control. This means that the better the knowledge about post-cataract surgery care, the higher the level of compliance with the control given. The number of respondents was 66 people (N = 66), the results of this study indicate that good knowledge about post-operative care has a significant influence on patient control compliance.

The circulation of alcoholic beverages is often unlicensed, particularly traditional alcoholic beverages, which are frequently distributed without a license due to being considered cultural heritage or customs specific to certain regions in Indonesia. This situation raises concerns regarding both legal compliance and public health. This research examines the licensing process for the sale and purchase of traditional alcoholic beverages in Indonesia, focusing on the Presidential Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 74 of 2013 concerning the Control and Supervision of Alcoholic Beverages as an analytical framework. The study aims to explore the regulatory environment surrounding the distribution of these beverages and evaluate the challenges and opportunities for obtaining proper licenses. The research further discusses the role of the Online Single Submission Risk Based Approach (OSS-RBA) system, a digital platform designed to simplify the licensing process for businesses. This study is expected to serve as a valuable reference and knowledge resource for the public, providing clarity on the licensing process for alcoholic beverages. It also aims to raise awareness of the legal framework and facilitate smoother and more transparent processes for distributing alcoholic beverages in Indonesia.

Diabetes mellitus triggers complications that can cause nerve damage, kidney damage, vision problems, diabetic wounds and cardiovascular problems. Healthy eating patterns, exercise, and family support are several strategies for controlling diabetes mellitus and maintaining blood sugar levels in diabetes sufferers within normal limits. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between blood glucose levels in individuals with diabetes mellitus and diet compliance, physical activity and family support. Purposive sampling, cross-sectional techniques, and analytical observation were used in this study, which involved 119 participants. Based on this research, there was good family support (84.9%), moderate physical activity (63.9%), and high dietary compliance (84.9%). Analysis using the chi square test obtained a p value of 0.001 (<0.05) which shows that there is a significant relationship between diet compliance, physical activity and family support with blood glucose levels in diabetes mellitus patients at the Bangetayu Health Center, Semarang.

This study analyzes the implementation of the Financial Accounting Standards for Micro, Small, and Medium Entities (SAK EMKM) at Alfapro Stationery. The analysis results indicate that Alfapro Stationery has applied several basic principles of SAK EMKM in preparing its financial statements, such as recognizing fixed assets based on acquisition costs, recording inventory, and recognizing revenue and expenses. The financial statements prepared include the statement of financial position, income statement, and notes to the financial statements, supported by a computer-based accounting system (AIO System) that helps generate automatic financial reports every month, thereby increasing accuracy and transparency. However, Alfapro Stationery has not been able to separate personal and business assets, violating the "Separate Economic Entity" concept, which is fundamental in preparing financial statements according to SAK EMKM. Although the company's financial statements formally appear to meet the requirements of SAK EMKM, the lack of clear separation between personal and business assets indicates non-compliance with the standard. Further research can focus on a more in-depth analysis of the effectiveness of the internal control system, evaluating the impact of the latest technology on store operations, better human resource management strategies, and comparative studies with other UMKM that have best practices. This aims to provide broader perspectives and innovative solutions to be implemented at Alfapro Stationery.