Publication Search

The proliferation of imported used clothing trade is due to clothes sold having foreign brands at cheap prices so that people who want to stay fashionable prefer imported used clothes because they are considered more affordable. The Clinical Pathology Laboratory of Muhammadiyah University Surabaya stated that used clothing samples contained mold or yeast fungi, Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, Escherichia coli bacteria and HPV (Human Papilloma Virus). This study aims to investigate the regulations regarding the trade of secondhand clothing in Indonesia and explore the legal protection provided for consumers of secondhand clothing in the country. The study employed a normative juridical legal research method, utilizing both the statute approach and conceptual approach. It drew upon legal materials such as Law Number 8 of 1999, Law Number 36 of 2009, Law Number 7 of 2014, and Minister of Trade Regulation No. 18 of 2021. The initial finding of the research was that the importation of secondhand clothing in Indonesia has been prohibited under Minister of Trade Regulation No. 18 of 2021, Article 2, paragraph (3), while local secondhand clothing businesses are permitted based on the Indonesian Business Field Standard Classification (KBLI) with code 47742. Secondly, legal protection for secondhand clothing consumers in Indonesia has been regulated in Law Number 8 of 1999. One of the consumer rights that needs to be fulfilled in consumer protection is the right to compensation for losses suffered by consumers based on Article 4 number 8, Article 7 letter f, and Article 19 paragraph (1).

Criminal Law plays a crucial role in regulating the daily behavior of society, identifying actions that violate ethics and morals, and asserting that such actions can be considered crimes potentially harmful to others as legal subjects. Although assault is generally regulated in the Criminal Code as a violation of bodily integrity, there are differences in interpretation among legal experts regarding the meaning and concept of assault. The use of the judicial system to resolve cases does not always meet the expectations of perpetrators, victims, or the community in achieving justice. The emergence of the concept of Restorative Justice brings a new paradigm to the law enforcement system in Indonesia, aiming to be a holistic solution that considers the rights of both victims and perpetrators. Restorative Justice aims to restore the situation to its state before the criminal act, eliminate negative stigma, and avoid revenge. Thus, it is expected that the perpetrators can honestly admit their actions, take responsibility for their mistakes, and commit to improving themselves to avoid repeating their actions.

This research contains a description of the ratification of extra-marital children as legal children. Recognition and ratification of extra-marital children often experience differences in their determination. The research method used by the author in writing this journal is normative legal research method, this legal research examines document studies using various secondary data, such as laws and regulations, court decisions, legal theories and opinions of scientists. Based on the results of the research, the Marriage Law does not regulate the recognition and validation of children, the Civil Code regulates recognition and validation while the Constitutional Court only focuses on the biological relationship between the child and the father. In the Determination of the Airmadidi District Court Number 175/Pdt.P/2021/PN Arm, the judge only looks at positive law without considering other aspects in the ratification of extra-marital children. This research is expected to contribute to the development of science, the author's achievement from this research is to produce scientific works in the form of theses, research journals, and as reference material for other writers in the future.  

PT XYZ, a building construction and design company in Palembang. The number of employees in this company is 30 employees with project, finance, marketing and also human resources (HR) divisions. PT XYZ has a need to improve the efficiency of human resource management. In the current condition, the company still relies on manual processes for recruitment, attendance, layoff data management, and employee leave applications. This Personnel Information System uses the Rational Unified Process (RUP) method as a system development method. System development uses the Laravel framework, PHP, CSS, HTML programming languages. In the analysis stage using PIECES and Usecase Diagram. System development uses two main approaches, namely using the FlutterFlow low-code platform and the Laravel Framework. The final result obtained is the implementation of a web-based Personnel Information System at PT XYZ. The implementation of this system makes a significant contribution in improving the efficiency and accessibility of staffing data at PT XYZ.

In the development of financial technology, many payment system innovations have emerged, one of which is the Indonesian Standard Quick Response Code (QRIS). This research aims to determine the implementation of QRIS for business actors in the Kupang City Traditional Market. This research uses a qualitative approach, with data collection methods conducting interviews, observation, documentation. The results of this research show that the Quick Response Code Indonesian Standard (QRIS) is an electronic payment tool to make it easier for people to carry out transactions. Through QRIS, people can feel the ease of making transactions anytime and anywhere, even outside bank operational hours. However, in its implementation there are several obstacles, namely a weak internet connection so that the transaction process carried out by traders is hampered, the cellphones owned by traders are not yet sophisticated so they cannot make transactions, lack of knowledge and a 0.3% deduction from the transaction value.  

This study examines the theoretical basis of the Nebis In Idem principle in civil cases, especially in class actions and how the basis for the Judges' consideration in applying the Nebis In Idem principle in Class Action Decisions, where the method of approach used in this scientific work is normative juridical, namely research that analyzes laws and regulations with literature studies. Using primary source study materials in the form of regulations, while secondary legal materials include books, articles from accredited journals, besides that tertiary legal materials consist of legal dictionaries.  This journal begins with a formulation of the meaning of the application of the Nebis In Idem principle.  Then describes descriptively the relationship between Article 10 of PERMA No. 1 of 2002 concerning Class Action Procedures with Article 1917 of the Civil Code. It can be concluded that the theoretical basis of this principle is solely to provide legal protection for a person's human rights, so that a person is not tried for the same case and prioritizes legal certainty and does not let the government repeatedly talk about the same event.

The background of this thesis is based on the role of pretrial which functions as a social control mechanism, its implementation in Indonesia still often experiences violations. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out an in-depth analysis to identify the causes of these violations and find solutions to increase the effectiveness of pre-trials in protecting the rights of individuals who are disadvantaged in the application of criminal law in Indonesia. The problem formulation for this thesis is How pre-trial arrangements are made in positive law in Indonesia ? and What is the function and role of pretrial in criminal law enforcement in Indonesia? The research method for this thesis is Normative Juridical where the author examines phenomena related to Pre-Trial from the aspects of Legislation and Legal Principles. The results of this thesis research are that pretrial arrangements in the criminal justice system in Indonesia are regulated in Law No. 8 of 1981 concerning the Criminal Procedure Code. Pretrial, in accordance with Article 1 point (10) in conjunction with Article 77 of the Criminal Procedure Code, is the authority of the district court to examine and decide on several matters, including whether or not an arrest and detention is legal, the termination of an investigation or prosecution, as well as requests for compensation or rehabilitation. Pretrial has an important role in maintaining the balance of law enforcement powers and individual rights in enforcing criminal law. Its main function is to control law enforcement actions and procedures, ensuring justice and compliance with applicable laws. Pretrial is also closely related to the principle of Habeas Corpus which guarantees that a person must not be detained without a valid reason and must be immediately brought to justice. Through pretrial proceedings, individuals can protect themselves from arbitrary actions by law enforcement and seek redress if their rights are violated. Pretrial and the principle of Habeas Corpus together form an important part of the criminal law system in Indonesia which focuses on justice and the protection of human rights.    

This activity aims to explore the use of Google Colaboratory as a basic introduction tool to Python programming. The research methodology involves analyzing the features of Google Colaboratory, implementing basic Python code, and observing user experiences. Research findings indicate that Google Colaboratory provides high accessibility without the need for additional installation or configuration requirements, enabling users to quickly initiate Python programming. Furthermore, the platform offers sharing and online collaboration capabilities and provides computational resources suitable for intensive data processing tasks. The implications of this research suggest that Google Colaboratory can be an effective solution in supporting Python programming learning, especially for beginners. With a user-friendly interface and easy access, this platform has the potential to facilitate the development of programming skills for a broader audience.

This study aims to determine the criminal responsibility of intellectual disabilities in the legal system in Indonesia and examine how the accountability of drug dealers by people with intellectual disabilities in Decision Number 290 / Pid.Sus / 2019 / PN.Tng which decided the defendant to release and Decision Number 1364k / Pid.Sus / 2017 which decided the defendant to be imprisoned, whether the judge's consideration in deciding the two cases was in accordance with Law Number 35 of 2009 on Narcotics and Article 44 of the Criminal Code. This research is a type of normative legal research that is prescriptive and applied. This legal writing uses a statutory approach and a case approach. The technique of collecting legal materials carried out is by literature study.

This study aims to determine the validity of the agreement between Gopay Later according to the Indonesian Civil Code. This research is a normative juridical legal study with a legislative approach. Based on this research, it is found that the electronic agreement of Gopay Later between consumers and PT. Multifinance Anak Bangsa (Gojek) can be considered valid according to Indonesian contract law and does not contradict the Indonesian Civil Code.

Cases of sexual violence against children, especially those with mental disorders, are a serious problem that requires attention in law enforcement and child protection in Indonesia. In this context, the lack of regulations that specifically regulate the protection of children with mental disorders creates obstacles in handling cases and protecting victims. The problem raised in this research is: how is the law enforced for criminal acts of sexual violence committed against children with mental disorders and what efforts are made by investigators in this case to fulfill the rights of victims. This research is directed towards empirical legal research and the approach used in this research uses a statutory approach and a case approach. This research was carried out at Gorontalo Police. The results of the research and discussion explain that the law enforcement process for criminal acts of sexual violence against children who also experience mental disorders involves a series of steps that take into account the special conditions of the victims. Namely, the fulfillment of the victim's rights as a child with mental disorders, including: during the investigation and inquiry process the victim continues to be accompanied by P2TP2A, Social Services, psychologists and psychologists. This proves that the child is being looked after so that there is no trauma after the incident. In Indonesia there are no regulations that explicitly regulate this matter so investigators still use Article 81 paragraph 1 in conjunction with Article 76 e or Article 82 paragraph 1 in conjunction with Article 76 e of Republic of Indonesia Law No. 17 of 2016 concerning the Determination of Government Regulations in Lieu of Republic of Indonesia Law No. 1 of 2016 Regarding the 2nd Amendment to Republic of Indonesia Law No. 23 of 2002 concerning Child Protection into Law in conjunction with Article 64 paragraph 1 to 1 of the Criminal Code. With the general stages of the law enforcement process, namely, Reporting, Investigation, Examination of Victims, Collection of Evidence, Determination of Suspects, fingerprinting process, and then it is handed over to the prosecutor's office for the court process.

The usage of manual keys in door security has become obsolete due to the increasing risk of theft and loss of valuable items. Observations at the Dean’s Office of the Faculty of Engineering at Universitas Negeri Padang reveal the shortcomings of manual key systems, including the possibility of getting stuck, lost keys, and the inability to record access. TCAD (Tap Card Access Door) offers a solution by utilizing NFC and cameras to directly monitor door access. This research aims to develop TCAD that can real-time monitor door access and store usage data. The development method for TCAD follows the waterfall model, and the system is designed using PHP with the Laravel framework, JavaScript, MySQL as the DBMS, and Visual Studio Code as the editor. Test results demonstrate that TCAD with NFC and web-based monitoring simplifies access entry recording, facilitates data collection during user room access, and improves data search efficiency. With TCAD, it is expected that door security and access monitoring can be better controlled and more efficient in line with current technological advancements.

In Decision Number: 26/Pid.B/2022/PN.Mme regarding abuse which resulted in permanent disability, the panel of judges only imposed a criminal sentence on the defendant with a prison sentence of 9 months. The problem to be studied is the basis for the consideration of the Panel of Judges and the imposition of the crime. This research aims to find out the basis for the judge's considerations and the imposition of crimes against perpetrators of abuse. The benefits of this research are theoretical and practical benefits. The type of research that will be used in this writing is a normative legal study. The types of research approaches used include the statutory approach, case approach, conceptual approach and comparative approach. The data sources used in this research use two data sources, namely primary legal materials and secondary legal materials. Whether or not the judge's decision is in accordance with the criminal act charged by the Public Prosecutor, the judge must consider aspects, namely juridical, philosophical and sociological aspects. The sentence imposed on perpetrators of torture is a maximum prison sentence of 5 years, in accordance with the contents of Article 351 paragraph (2) of the Criminal Code. The judge did not take into account the juridical, sociological and philosophical aspects as a basis for consideration in making decisions regarding Decision Number: 26/Pid.B/2022 /PN.Mme. The actual criminal sentence against the defendant is a maximum imprisonment of 5 (five) years), as stated in Article 351 paragraph (1) of the Criminal Code which states "If the action results in serious injury, the guilty person is threatened with a maximum prison sentence of five years".

Furnace cu marriage is a marriage carried out between the daughter of a brother and the son of a biological sister. The marriage of the furnace cu has been carried out since ancient times so that it is carried out from generation to generation by the people of Timung Village. This marriage is an incestuous marriage prohibited in Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage in Article 8b. At the time the marriage law came into force in 1974, there were still those who carried out cu furnace marriages (inbreeding). The formulation of the problem from the research is: How is the legal awareness of the people of Kampung Timung, regarding furnace cu marriage (inbreeding) which is prohibited in Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage? And How is the existence of the furnace cu marriage in Timung Village at this time? The purpose of this study is to determine the legal awareness of the people of Timung Village regarding furnace cu marriage (inbreeding) which is prohibited in Law Number 1 of 1974. The second purpose is to find out the existence or existence of the cu furnace marriage in Timung Village at this time. The type of research used in this study is a type of empirical legal research. The data sources used in this study are primary data and secondary data. Data processing and analysis techniques, namely editing, coding, data systematization, then the data obtained both primary and secondary data will be processed and analyzed by researchers based on problem formulations. Based on the results of research that researchers have conducted, legal awareness of the Timung Village Community is still low because the Timung Village Community does not know and understand that cu furnace marriage (incestuous marriage) is prohibited in the Marriage Law, so that after the Marriage Law has come into effect in 1974 the Timung Village community still practices cu furnace marriage until 2005. The legal awareness of the Timung Village Community after the Marriage Law came into effect in 1974 against the ban on marriage was caused by several factors such as, customary factors, low level of education, compulsion due to arranged marriages by parents, lack of legal counseling from the government regarding the prohibition of marriage contained in Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage. The existence of furnace cu marriages at this time, is rarely found and has begun to fade, influenced by several factors such as bans from the church, fear that offspring will be born defective, the influence of social media.

Parish is a term used within the Catholic Church to refer to a particular community of believers. The community of faith is entrusted to a specific priest appointed by the diocesan bishop. The parish priest is the shepherd for the people in the parish. Parish priests are given duties and responsibilities, which are regulated in the legal provisions of the Catholic Church.A good and in-depth understanding of the community of believers in the parish and of the duties and responsibilities entrusted to the parish priest is expected to help priests to be able to carry out their pastoral duties properly and correctly. In this way, the faithful will grow well. This article provides several important notes regarding the parish priest and his duties or responsibilities according to the provisions of the Code of Canon Law 1983.

Ultrafiltration membrane is one of wastewater treatment technologies, but membranes have limitations such as the occurrence of the phenomenon of concentration polarization and fouling. The research objective of this study the effect of variations in transmembrane pressure against the rejection percentage COD, TSS, and the effect of variations in transmembrane pressure, concentration of washing of the efficiency and effectiveness of washing the membrane. The process of ultrafiltration membranes and membrane chemical washing wastewater laundry do with variations in pressure of 1 bar, 2 bar, and 3 bar. Variation of chemical cleaning agent concentration of 1%, 1.5% and 2%, rinsing with distilled water for 30 minutes, filtering wastewater laundry for 120 minutes, and washing using chemical cleaning agent (NaOH) for 30 minutes. Highest rejection percentage for COD parameter 86.6% and 85.7% for TSS parameters in transmembrane pressure of 3 bar. The highest washing efficiency of the value of Flux Recovery (FR) gained 81.9%, and the value of resistance of Removal (RR) gained 82.59% with a concentration of 2% in the transmembrane pressure of 3 bar. The highest leaching effectiveness obtained at 50.21% with a concentration of 2% and a transmembrane pressure of 3 bar.

A broken promise or default is a situation where a debtor is unable to fulfill his obligations in accordance with the debt and receivable agreement he made, for example not making installments or repayment on time. As in article 13138 of the Civil Code which states "All agreements made in accordance with law apply as law for those who make them. This agreement cannot be withdrawn other than by agreement of both parties, or for reasons determined by law, the agreement must be carried out in good faith. In this paper, the problem is regarding the bank credit payment agreement made between the debtor and the creditor in the contents of the agreement that has been given by agreement between the parties given a period of time by the creditor to the debtor, but the debtor is negligent and does not pay compensation even though it has been billed and a summons has been given. or a warning, so that the debtor files a lawsuit. The theory in this research uses contract law theory which regulates agreements and methods using normative legal research methods which refer to court decisions and statutory regulations. So the title that the researcher will discuss is the analysis of cases of default between debtors and creditors regarding bank credit loan agreements, case study decision number 51/PDT.G.S/2023/PN.BTG

This research aims to analyze the indicators of the principle of abuse of circumstances in the consideration of judges who give rise to legal consequences of the existence of abuse of circumstances in economic excellence in an agreement. The research method in this journal is normative legal research. The nature of research in this journal is prescriptive. The research approach used is the legislation approach and case approach. Primary legal materials in this journal, namely the Civil Code, jurisprudence, and court decisions. As for secondary legal materials, namely book literature, legal journals, and other relevant literature. The results of the study indicate that the case in Supreme Court Decision Number 1395 K/Pdt/2017 has proven that there is an abuse of circumstances in economic excellence.

Marriage is something sacred and noble, marriage must be based on mutual trust and love between the two and carry out the rights and obligations as it should. In principle, this marriage agreement is the source of various forms of property in a marriage. The marriage agreement is made before the marriage takes place with the aim to make a deviation from the unity of the property unanimously between husband and wife provided that it does not conflict with the moral code. A marriage agreement is an agreement made by two prospective husband and wife before their marriage takes place, to regulate the consequences of a marriage involving wealth or outside it. The implementation of the marriage agreement after the Constitutional Court Decision Number 69 / PUU-XIII / 2015 at the Surabaya City Population and Civil Registry Service examines the procedural procedures before and after the decision and concerning the analysis of the implementation in the field relating to legislation and looking at the number of registrants in terms of This implication of the Constitutional Court Decision Number 69 / PUU-XIII / 2015 covers various matters both in the field or for related parties. Regarding the ratification of the marriage agreement it should still be carried out by the Registrar of Marriage even though the marriage agreement was made with a notarial deed so that no other party outside of the husband and wife is harmed later on.

The National Police of the Republic of Indonesia (Polri) is a government institution whose main task is to ensure law enforcement, security and public order, provide services as well as protect and develop. Therefore, the National Police plays an important role in ensuring security and public order and enforcing the law to create peace and justice for all Indonesian people. In every criminal case, criminal investigations must be carried out professionally, transparently and responsibly to uphold the supremacy of law that reflects a sense of justice. (1) (5) The Criminal Procedure Code explains that an investigation is a series of investigative actions used to search for and discover an incident that is suspected of being criminal in order to determine whether an investigation can be carried out according to the Criminal Procedure Code.