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This abstract discusses the role of market mechanisms in an Islamic perspective, as well as the implications and application of Islamic economic principles in the market system. Using the literature review method, this research collects, evaluates, and synthesizes relevant literature to gain an in-depth understanding of the topic. The results of the analysis show that markets in Islam are seen as a natural mechanism for exchanging goods and services, with prices determined by the forces of demand and supply. Islamic economic principles, such as justice, expediency, and the prohibition of usury, are the foundation for a fair and sustainable market system. Apart from that, the importance of market supervision and compliance with market ethics is also emphasized to maintain balance and fairness in economic activities. The analysis also highlights prohibitions in Islamic transactions that can cause market distortions. In addition, this abstract presents a comparison between conventional economic systems (capitalist, socialist, and mixed) with Islamic economic systems, which are based on sharia principles. Thus, this research contributes to understanding the concept of market mechanisms in Islam and formulating economic policy recommendations that are in accordance with Islamic values.    

In the history of the Indonesian economy. Indonesia often experiences changes in its economic structure. Starting from the beginning of independence, namely the era of the first President of Indonesia, namely Soekarno, until now the Jokowi era. These changes often occur because the economic structure has not boosted the Indonesian economy and is considered unable to improve the welfare of the people. The economic structure is used to shows the composition or arrangement of economic sectors in an economy. Economic structure is also the implementation of existing economic systems with the aim of increasing the welfare of a country through economic development and growth of national income. The economic structure can be seen from four viewpoints, namely macro-sectoral review, financial review, state administration review, and bureaucratic decision-making review. The macro sectoral review and financial review are purely economic reviews, while the state review and decision-making bureaucratic review are political reviews. Dominant or reliable economic sectors can also mean sectors that make the largest contribution to the national product with high growth rates, which are characteristic of an economy.    

The development of tourism will have an impact on economic change in an area or region. The impacts caused by tourism development are positive impacts and negative impacts. Sumbawa Regency is aggressively developing tourism to utilise its high potential. This research uses a qualitative approach intending to understand the phenomenon of what is experienced by the research subject, and by way of description in the form of words and language, in a special context that is scientific and by utilising various natural methods. As descriptive research, this research contains descriptions, pictures or paintings systematically factual, accurate about the facts and relationships between the phenomena investigated. Data was collected through observation, interviews, and documentation at the Sumbawa Regency Youth, Sports and Tourism Office. Triangulation techniques were used to check the validity of the data. Management planning of Saliper Ate tourist attraction is very important to direct the development of tourism potential in a positive and sustainable manner. Cooperation from various relevant stakeholders is needed to encourage the development of Saliper Ate tourism in a synergistic and integrated manner. Tourism development in Saliper Ate increases tourist visits and pays attention to their needs.

This research aims to determine the legal awareness of village communities in administering Child Identity Cards (CIC) and the factors inhibiting village community legal awareness in administering Child Identity Cards (CIC) in Sunsea Village, Naibenu District, North Central Timor Regency. This researcher uses qualitative research methods which in legal research are called empirical research and the research aspects consist of legal knowledge, legal understanding, legal attitudes and legal behavior. Researchers used a research location in Sunsea Village, Naibenu District, North Central Timor Regency with 30 respondents (4 Village Government, 1 BPD and 25 Community), and used primary and secondary data as types and sources of data. And the collected data is then processed using coding, editing, tabulation and analyzed systematically. The research results show that the legal awareness of village communities in processing children's identity cards in Sunsea Village, Naibenu District, North Central Timor Regency is low. This is proven by the results of research on four indicators including low legal knowledge, low understanding of the law, many people's legal attitudes that do not agree and many people's legal behavior that is not in accordance with the village community's legal awareness in managing children's identity cards (CIC). One of the internal inhibiting factors is knowledge, education and economics which tend to influence the legal awareness of village communities in processing children's identity cards, while the external inhibiting factors are the distance where the community lives and there is no cooperation between the government/certain agencies and the village government to carry out socialization.           

This research focuses on the transformation of risk control and monitoring policies conducted by Bank Indonesia over the past five years (2018-2023). It uses qualitative analysis methods to examine the evolution of Bank Indonesia's policies through publications of financial institutions such as Bank Indonesia, OJK, and BPK. This study shows that policy impact evaluation plays an important role in identifying areas of improvement and new solutions to enhance policy effectiveness. Bank Indonesia adjusts strategies responsively and proactively to keep up with financial market dynamics and technological developments, and integrates the principles of international standards in banking supervision and risk management. Synchronizing policies with international standards is a top priority for maintaining the credibility of global markets. In facing the challenges of global economic change, technological innovation, and dynamic regulations, Bank Indonesia is committed to conducting in-depth reviews and policy adjustments to face the future. The evolving approach allows Bank Indonesia to strengthen its role in maintaining financial system stability and promoting sustainable economic growth. This research provides insights into Bank Indonesia's successes and challenges in transforming its risk control and monitoring policies.

Used goods are often considered garbage, but waste management is a serious problem in Indonesia, especially with increasing waste consumption and high poverty rates. Bank Sampah is emerging as a solution by managing used goods that have economic value, governed by environmental regulations. Although Bank Sampah is growing, there is no clear regulation on the legal entity used, especially in cooperation with third parties. Waste Bank with a sharia financial system has also emerged, but it is not yet clear in accordance with the applicable sharia banking regulations. The approach method used is normative juridical, analysing laws and regulations through literature study with the main study material in the form of regulations and secondary and tertiary materials. The results showed that the Waste Bank is a government solution with the 3R principle, involving the participation of the community, business entities, and local governments. Islamic Waste Banks such as iqtishadia in Pasong Village, Sumenep, are not only a place for collecting waste, but also conduct community assistance programmes. The Waste Bank helps alleviate poverty and the environmental law approach is key in achieving effective structuring and improving the environment.

In classical discourse, Islamic governments that have appeared on the stage of history have exemplified the forms of state income and expenditure. This article describes a comparison of fiscal policy, namely in the income and expenditure of the state treasury according to Islamic and conventional government systems and their implementation which has similarities with fiscal policy in Indonesia. The study method used is literature study, the data obtained is compiled, analyzed and concluded to draw conclusions. The results of the study show that fiscal policy has been implemented since the time of the Prophet Muhammad with the emergence of policy instruments that are in accordance with Islamic principles. As for the fiscal policy that has been exemplified in Islamic government, it has been able to be reformulated in accordance with the legal order and culture of the Indonesian people. It's just that the implementation mechanism is different from what has been implemented by Islamic governments, however, the principles and objectives have much in common. As for the fiscal policies of the State of Indonesia which are considered to be adapted from the Islamic government system, namely kharaj with PBB, 'usyr such as customs with PPn and jizyah such as visas with PPh.

In making death certificates, the Tangerang City Dukcapil Department provides services for making death certificates through Sobat Dukcapil to make it easier for the people of Tangerang City to process population documents, but with the existence of the Sobat Dukcapil application there are still problems regarding the system which is hampered, the lack of public understanding of using the Sobat Dukcapil application so that the service in making deeds death through dukcapil friends is still not effective. The purpose of this research is to determine and analyze the quality of service in making death certificates through Sobat Dukcapil at the Tangerang City Population and Civil Registration Service. The data collection techniques used are interview, observation and documentation techniques. Using Potter's theory (2003), namely the theory of service quality which has 6 indicators, the first is Appropriate and Relevant, the second indicator is Available and Affordable, the third indicator Can guarantee a sense of justice, the fourth indicator is Acceptable, the fifth indicator is Economical and Efficient, the sixth indicator is Effective. The results of the research from 6 indicators concluded that the indicators were appropriate and relevant because the presence of dukcapil friends could make it easier for people to submit requests for death certificates, only there were problems in the server error section. The available and affordable indicator concludes that it is still not affordable because there are still technical problems because the Android and iOS based ones are still temporarily deactivated and are still in the process of system maintenance. Indicators can guarantee a sense of justice that does not differentiate between certain groups, all are equally open and provide justice for society. Acceptable indicators conclude that the technical method is very easy to process on time, sometimes there are still some who don't understand how to use it. The economic and efficient indicators conclude that it is still not economical because registration of death certificates is still done offline. The effective indicator concludes that it is still not said to be effective because there are still problems with the system server still being maintained so that it becomes a technical obstacle.    

This research aims to formulate a social forestry management strategy for HKm Sulian Besar in Keban Jati Village, Air Nipis District, South Bengkulu Regency. This research was carried out from July to August 2024 in Keban Jati Village, Air Nipis District, South Bengkulu Regency, Bengkulu Province. The research location was carried out in the Sulian Besar Community Forest. This research uses a combination method (mixed) dominantly qualitative and less dominantly quantitative. To recommend strategies for community forest management (HKm) that have achieved economic, social and ecological and institutional benefits by identifying using SWOT analysis to analyze various factors systematically. The position of the community forest management strategy in HKm Sulian Besar, Keban Jati Village, Air Nipis District, South Bengkulu Regency is in quadrant III, namely the turn around strategy where the implementation of the social forestry program of the community forest scheme has great opportunities but there are internal weaknesses so you have to choose the right strategy so that weaknesses are not reduce the odds. Alternative strategies that can be implemented include restructuring group institutions, increasing institutional, technical and marketing capacity, improving cultivation patterns and conducting effective NTFP marketing.

Education as an Equal Right without Discrimination Education is considered a right that must be obtained by every individual regardless of background, economic status or physical condition. Within the framework of the national education system regulated by Law Number 20 of 2003, education is fully guaranteed without any form of discrimination. This encourages the importance of implementing inclusive education evenly at all elementary school levels. This article aims to outline creative learning strategies in the context of inclusive education, especially at the elementary school level, using a literature review as a basis. This research explores various library sources through search engines. The article explains that learning for students with special needs in elementary schools does not only focus on developing motor skills, but also on the ability to interact in a social environment. Teachers who implement creative learning strategies can increase the effectiveness of learning objectives, materials, media, teaching methods, evaluation, and student learning environments. Several learning strategies that can be applied to students with special needs in elementary schools include remedial teaching, deductive, inductive, heuristic, expository, classical, cooperative and behavior change strategies. To support this need, it is recommended that teachers explore the use of learning media that are friendly for students with special needs, such as puzzles, to create an inclusive learning environment and support optimal development for all students.

This study analyses the transformation of economic policy based on the results of the 8th Ijtima Ulama of the Indonesian Fatwa Commission which aims to achieve national economic independence. This policy focuses on strengthening the use of domestic products, empowering UMKM, protecting the national workforce and strengthening the Sharia Economy. A qualitative approach was used to explore the views of economic experts regarding the implementation of the policy. The results show that the use of domestic products, empowerment of UMKM, and protection of national labour are strategic steps to reduce economic inequality and improve people's welfare. This study underlines the importance of synergy between the government, businesses and the community in creating a fairer and more inclusive economic system, based on sharia principles, to achieve sustainable economic independence. The findings provide concrete recommendations for the development of more effective and equitable economic policies.

This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of the mixed economic model in controlling financial system stability in 7 emerging market countries. Where the monetary policy variables are the money supply and interest rates. Then the microprudential variables are Return On Equity and Return On Assets, the macroprudential variables are Capital Adequacy Ratio and Non Performing Loans. The financial system stability variables are the inflation level and exchange rate. The data analysis model in this research is the Simultaneous model. This research uses secondary data or time series, namely from 2019 to 2023. This analysis is significant for controlling the financial system by ensuring the data meets normality assumptions through the Jarque-Bera test, which allows for more precise financial planning and risk management decisions. The absence of autocorrelation effects, as proven in the residual test, also strengthens the reliability of the model in understanding market trends. The Two-Stage Least Squares method in simultaneous regression analysis provides in-depth insight into the relationship between economic variables such as the inflation rate and the exchange rate, supporting effective economic policy making. Understanding the elasticity of key variables to the inflation rate and exchange rate is also important for optimizing risk control strategies and financial resource allocation.

Empowerment of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) is a crucial strategy for enhancing business capacity and family economic welfare. This community service activity employed a participatory approach and continuous mentoring to actively involve MSME actors in all stages, from planning, training, to evaluation. The results indicate an increase in MSME actors' understanding of proper business management, systematic financial recording, and effective marketing strategies. Additionally, technical skills improved, including the ability to maintain daily cash books, income-expenditure reports, and manage operational costs and business capital. The impact of this activity is reflected in increased income, family economic stability, and enhanced economic independence of MSME actors. These findings highlight that MSME empowerment through a participatory approach and sustained mentoring contributes to family economic improvement, community economic resilience, and inclusive, sustainable local economic development

This study explores the development of Islamic economic thought during the Umayyad Dynasty (661-750 CE). Using descriptive and literature review methods, this research highlights the integration of Islamic principles into economic policies and practices during this era. Key findings indicate that the Umayyad rulers implemented zakat, kharaj, and jizyah systems to ensure wealth redistribution and welfare. Infrastructure development and monetization through dinar and dirham currencies also contributed to economic stability while adhering to Islamic ethical values. Despite challenges such as social inequality and administrative inefficiencies, the Umayyad Dynasty laid a foundation for future Islamic economic systems that prioritize justice and prosperity.

This study explores the application of green hydrogen technology for industrial decarbonization, focusing on its techno-economic and environmental feasibility. A quantitative approach was used, incorporating system modeling of a solar-based hydrogen production system combined with electrolyzers. The techno-economic assessment involved calculating the Levelized Cost of Hydrogen (LCOH), estimating capital and operational expenditures (CAPEX and OPEX), and evaluating the system's energy efficiency and hydrogen output. The environmental impact was analyzed using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), comparing the carbon footprint of green hydrogen with fossil-based hydrogen. The results reveal that green hydrogen can reduce carbon emissions by up to 60% compared to fossil hydrogen, primarily due to the use of renewable energy for production. Additionally, the study found significant improvements in energy efficiency as electrolyzer performance and solar capacity increased. The LCOH is expected to decrease steadily as solar panel and electrolyzer prices continue to fall, enhancing the competitiveness of green hydrogen in the energy market. The findings also highlight the potential for heavy industries, such as cement and steel production, to transition from fossil fuels to green hydrogen, contributing to a cleaner industrial energy mix. This transition presents both environmental and economic benefits, with long-term savings from reduced fossil fuel dependency and lower production costs.

Grants are a form of financial assistance provided by individuals, organizations, or governments to recipients without repayment obligations. Grants play a significant role in social and economic development, including improving community welfare, strengthening economic capacity, and supporting infrastructure development. This study aims to analyze how grants contribute to community empowerment and economic growth while identifying challenges in their management. Using a qualitative approach based on a literature review, this study finds that well-managed grants can enhance the competitiveness of small and medium enterprises (SMEs), accelerate regional development, and support social sectors such as education and health. However, issues such as lack of transparency, weak supervision, and potential dependency among grant recipients remain significant challenges. Strengthening regulations, implementing monitoring systems, and ensuring impact-based grant distribution are recommended to improve grant effectiveness and maximize benefits for recipients.

This study aims to analyze the thoughts of Sheikh Yusuf Al-Qardhawi regarding income zakat and its role in reducing social and economic inequality. Income zakat is one of the instruments in the Islamic economic system that is believed to have significant potential in creating social justice. Sheikh Yusuf Al-Qardhawi, as one of the leading contemporary scholars, emphasized that income zakat must be optimized in a modern context as a form of social solidarity and redistribution of wealth. Through a descriptive qualitative approach, this study examines Al-Qardhawi's thoughts as expressed in his various writings, especially regarding zakat fiqh. The results of the analysis show that income zakat can be an effective tool in narrowing the economic gap between the rich and the poor, provided that its management and distribution are carried out professionally and transparently. In addition, Al-Qardhawi's thoughts emphasize the importance of the role of the state and zakat institutions in implementing income zakat widely and fairly. This study concludes that the concept of income zakat developed by Al-Qardhawi is relevant to be applied in the context of the contemporary economy to overcome the increasing social and economic inequality.

This study explores the integration of green practices into nursing protocols as a means of reducing the environmental impact of hospital care. Hospitals significantly contribute to global carbon emissions, and nursing practices are integral to healthcare operations, yet they often lack sustainability considerations. The aim of this research was to develop and implement a set of green-practice guidelines tailored for nursing staff to minimize carbon emissions and improve operational efficiency. Through collaboration with environmental experts, nursing staff, and hospital management, new guidelines were established focusing on waste reduction, energy-efficient practices, and sustainable procurement. A waste-audit assessment was conducted to analyze current waste management practices, while a pilot implementation was carried out in selected hospital wards. The results revealed an 18% reduction in carbon emissions following the integration of these green practices into daily nursing activities. Key contributors to this reduction included waste segregation, the use of reusable medical supplies, and energy conservation measures such as optimizing lighting and HVAC systems. However, challenges such as resistance to change, resource limitations, and the need for specialized training were identified during the pilot phase. Despite these barriers, the research highlights the significant potential for nurses to lead sustainability efforts in healthcare settings. The findings indicate that integrating green practices into nursing protocols can provide environmental, operational, and economic benefits, ultimately contributing to more sustainable healthcare systems. Future research should refine these protocols, explore their broader application, and assess long-term outcomes across various healthcare settings

Christian parents frequently negotiate intensive caregiving expectations, moral responsibility, economic pressure, and ecclesial ideals of faithful family life. These demands may produce emotional exhaustion that resembles parental burnout but is often interpreted only as spiritual weakness or lack of discipline. This constructive study aims to formulate a restorative-integrative model of pastoral counseling for Christian parents who experience emotional exhaustion in childrearing. The method is a qualitative literature study using integrative narrative synthesis of peer-reviewed studies on parental burnout, religious coping, family support, and Christian pastoral counseling. The analysis identifies four central findings: emotional exhaustion is the core symptom that drives distancing and reduced parental efficacy; burnout emerges from an imbalance between risks and resources; spiritual narratives can function either as resources or as sources of guilt; and pastoral counseling is most constructive when it combines empathic presence, theological reframing, emotion regulation, communal support, and referral ethics. The study implies that churches need pastoral systems that normalize help-seeking, protect parents from moralistic judgment, and connect spiritual care with psychologically informed intervention.

Domestic violence remains a critical pastoral problem because survivors in church communities often face not only physical, psychological, sexual, and economic harm, but also spiritual narratives that may either sustain recovery or silence disclosure. This constructive qualitative study aims to formulate a Christian pastoral counseling model for survivors of domestic violence in church settings. The study applies a library-based practical-theological design by critically synthesizing peer-reviewed literature on intimate partner violence, faith-based responses, trauma- and violence-informed care, pastoral theology, Indonesian legal norms, and church-related studies. The findings show that pastoral counseling for survivors must be structured around safety rather than immediate marital reconciliation; interpret Scripture through dignity, justice, and protection of the vulnerable; recognize religious coercive control as a form of harm; integrate emotional stabilization with spiritual care; and build referral networks with psychological, legal, medical, and social services. The article proposes an integrated PASTORAL-SAFE model that combines risk assessment, survivor affirmation, trauma stabilization, theological reframing, social support, professional referral, perpetrator accountability, and long-term pastoral accompaniment. The implication is that churches need written protocols, trained pastoral teams, confidentiality standards, and collaborative safeguarding systems to prevent pastoral responses from unintentionally reproducing violence.