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Economics is an interesting field of study if studied from a historical perspective, in its journey, Malang apparently is not only the center of coffee plantations. Malang at that time had a large sugar factory (PG). As the economy of Malang City grew, the number of sugar factories continued to increase. This transformation extends to the trade and service sector which has brought Malang to play an important role as one of the pillars of the economy in East Java. In this research, the author used a qualitative method. The key to the successful evolution of the Malang region's economy is the synergy of political authority (government), the central bank as the monetary authority (BI Malang), and business actors so that they can become a transformative collective force in developing programs with an insight into regional potential and the institutional capacity of the local community, to the ability to adapt and capture new opportunities that arise in a rapidly changing economic order and environment is developed.

A crisis experienced by a country will affect a country's fundamentals or foundation because the impact is so great and can be felt by all levels of society in the country, both the government and society in general. This study will analyze the factors and impact of the crisis on the fragility of fundamentals. This research uses a descriptive analysis method, namely to investigate the situation, condition, the results of which are presented in the form of a research report with what it is about the crises that have occurred in Indonesia from 1960 to 2021. thus triggering inflation, deflation, and even recession which makes the crisis of society and government and affects its fundamental resilience.

Along with the rapid development of information technology, customer interaction with BCA digitally has also increased. This is followed by the risk of technology crime, so BCA continues to improve its information technology security system. The development of BCA's data security system is carried out with the aim of protecting data security and ensuring information technology systems are always ready to serve customer transactions, including preventing and anticipating cybercrimes and potential fraud. National vital objects have an important role in the life of the nation and state, both in terms of economic, political, social, cultural, defense, and security aspects. National vital objects also have a quite strategic role in national development. Data Loss Prevention (DLP) is a data security strategy implemented by BCA on an ongoing basis to increase the security of important electronic information from information theft or access by unauthorized parties. To ensure security in accessing BCA's internal applications that are connected to the internet, BCA applies additional security in the form of two-factor authentication to ensure access to the application is carried out by the right person. BCA has also used a data classification solution to ensure that every piece of data in the company is classified according to the level of data confidentiality.

Transformasi struktural pada sektor industri mengacu pada perubahan fundamental dalam komposisi, organisasi, dan operasi industri sebagai respons terhadap perkembangan teknologi, kebutuhan pasar, dan perubahan lingkungan bisnis. Konsep transformasi struktural ini melibatkan proses transformasi yang luas dalam struktur industri yang ada, termasuk pergeseran dalam jenis industri yang mendominasi, perubahan dalam rantai pasokan, dan adaptasi terhadap inovasi baru. Salah satu konsep transformasi struktural yang penting adalah diversifikasi industri. Diversifikasi mengacu pada pengembangan dan ekspansi kegiatan produksi dan bisnis ke sektor-sektor baru. Hal ini dapat dilakukan dengan memperluas portofolio produk atau jasa yang ditawarkan oleh perusahaan, atau dengan masuk ke industri yang berbeda secara keseluruhan. Diversifikasi ini bertujuan untuk mengurangi ketergantungan pada satu sektor atau pasar tertentu, dan menciptakan sumber pertumbuhan baru untuk perusahaan.

This study aims to analyze the role of securities as payroll instruments and legal components in the context of employment. This research uses qualitative methods while the type of research is descriptive. The results of this study indicate that securities as a payroll instrument are used as an effective payroll tool in the context of employment. Companies can issue securities in the form of investments to employees as a form of additional remuneration or incentives, such as company stock, bonds, or stock shares. While securities in the context of labor law that the use of securities as a remuneration instrument also has legal implications in the context of employment

Student discipline has a very important role in the learning process at school. Students who are not accustomed to discipline and are not handled by the school immediately, will develop habits in themselves so that they always commit violations of every existing rule. Efforts made by schools to discipline students are the existence of rules that are made so that these regulations can be obeyed. However, the existing rules at school are only used as a display without wanting to apply them concretely. So from this it is necessary to instill the value of discipline in schools, namely by giving light punishments so that students will not repeat the violation a second time. This research is a literature review research with a descriptive approach. The literature reviewed in this study comes from research journals. The conclusion in this study shows that the inculcation of discipline at SD Pertiwi Makassar has gone quite well, but still needs to be improved

Globalization becomes inevitable for almost all aspects of life, especially in the industrial sector. Globalization has brought the industry to experience a structural transformation that focuses on technology. The structural transformation experienced by the industrial sector may have positive and negative effects, not only for the industry itself, but for the surrounding communities and the environment. The research method used in this research is initiative descriptive qualitatively by writing observation written, with data in the form of field notes. Technological advances are tested on the areas of the industry, is; Production, Research and Development / Research and Development (R & D), operational management, logistics and supply chain management, finance and accounting, human resources (HR), marketing and sales, information technology (IT), laws and compliance, and customer service

This research aims to analyze the financial performance of PT. H.M Sampoerna Tbk based on financial ratio data from 2018 to 2022. The study adopts a quantitative approach using a descriptive study method by collecting and analyzing the company's financial data. Liquidity, solvency, and profitability ratios are utilized to measure the financial performance of the company. The findings indicate that there are variations in the company's financial performance during the research period. Nonetheless, the company still records adequate net profit and returns. However, it is crucial for the company to enhance liquidity management, carefully manage debt, and improve operational efficiency to achieve sustainable growth in the future.

Seolah telah menjadi rahasia umum bahwa bangsa Indonesia sepertinya terlanjur menjadi “pemuja” produk-produk luar negeri. Kita cenderung lebih bangga terhadap produk orang lain daripada produk anak bangsa sendiri. Tujuan penulisan artikel ini untuk mengingatkan betapa pentingnya mencintai produk lokal untuk menunjang eksistensi UMKM. Penulisan artikel ini menggunakan metode studi literatur. (Kurang temuan dan implikasi) .    

This study will examine and analyse these elements to have a better understanding of how employee culture and job satisfaction impact organisational commitment. This essay's research focuses on the Bandung, Indonesia, PT.Bina Administrasi. The sample for the study was composed of 98 participants using a purposive sampling method. The analysis technique is called multiple regression. Following are the study's conclusions: (1) Organisational culture positively affects organisational commitment, meaning that the better the culture, the higher the commitment. (2) A favourable association between the two can be shown when organisational commitment is high and work satisfaction is high.

Technology that is increasingly becoming more developed and advanced makes people's activities easier. Internet technology that is increasingly sophisticated gives birth to social media that at this time cannot be separated from our lives. Social media has a positive impact on society, especially for those who have businesses. Social media is currently widely used by business people to market the products they sell. Derr Cosmetics is one of the sales businesses in the field of skincare and cosmetics located in Palangka Raya, Central Kalimantan which participates in utilizing social media to market its products. By utilizing social media in marketing its products, Derr Cosmetics managed to increase its sales volume to be larger and have many customers.

Pasar Ramadhan is an MSME business that sells various kinds of culinary or snacks that are very popular with the community. Food and drinks are sold such as fried meatballs, chips, cakes, boba, lemon tea, chicken noodles, grilled chicken, satay, and so on. This journal article was created to discuss SWOT analysis in an effort to develop a culinary business in the Ramadan market. This study aims to identify internal and external factors that influence culinary business development in the Ramadan market and provide recommendations for appropriate business development strategies. The research method used is descriptive analysis by collecting data through interviews with traders and visitors to the Ramadan market as well as through literature study. The results of the study show that internal factors such as product quality, price and promotion influence the culinary business development in the Ramadan market, while external factors such as market conditions, competition and regulations also play an important role in the culinary business development in the Ramadan market. Recommendations for the right business development strategy include improving product quality, price adjustments, and increasing promotions to increase the attractiveness of the culinary business in the Ramadan market. In addition, traders are also advised to pay attention to market conditions and existing competition and comply with applicable regulations to optimize culinary business development in the Ramadan market.

In order to investigate the impact of digital marketing, service quality, and product on purchasing decisions at PT. Alunicorn, 249 people were questioned. Customer satisfaction was used as an intermediary variable. retrieval method based on the sample's evaluation of the target population. The analytical technique used in this work was SEM AMOS 23. The hypothesis states that whereas service quality has no impact on purchasing decisions through satisfaction, digital marketing and product quality have a positive impact on consumer satisfaction and purchasing decisions.    

This research investigates the interplay between job satisfaction, leadership, human capital, corporate governance, tax awareness, and firm performance. The study aims to understand the intricate relationships among these factors in organizational success. Employing a qualitative research design, this study utilizes purposive sampling to gather data from participants representing various organizational levels. Data analysis involves thematic analysis to uncover patterns, themes, and relationships within the data. Results reveal nuanced insights into the influence of leadership styles, employee satisfaction, governance structures, and tax consciousness on firm performance. The findings underscore the significance of effective leadership, robust human capital management, sound corporate governance practices, and tax awareness in enhancing organizational outcomes. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the multifaceted dynamics shaping organizational success in contemporary business environments.

Regional development is the driving force for national development, which makes regional governments the planners to carry out various kinds of economic transformation for the welfare of the existing society. Broadly speaking, the components that must be discussed in the regional macroeconomic analysis concern economic production and income, growth, unemployment, inflation, employment, external trade relations, financial institutions, regional finance, and poverty or social welfare. Regional macroeconomic analysis can at least show the face of the regional economic structure where this will determine the sustainability of the economy in accordance with development goals. The economic growth of a region, especially the City of Blitar, which of course comes from the results of regional taxes, regional levies, management of regional assets, and other legal regional revenues, which aims to provide flexibility to the regions to seek funding in the implementation of regional autonomy as a manifestation of the principle of decentralization and to increase PAD and support government activities and national development, a budget from the regional government is needed, one of which is from the regional tax sector. In one course experiencing economic stability and problems of economic growth. One of the main problems or drivers of economic instability that can disrupt economic growth is the occurrence of general and continuous price increases or better known as inflation.

Bonggolan Small Industry is one of the leading products of Sidayu District, Gresik Regency which still requires further product development. The purpose of this study is to determine the Leading Product Development Strategy of Small Industry Bonggolan Sidayu District, Gresik Regency to increase its competitiveness so that it is known by the wider community. This study used descriptive analysis method through the results of Observation and Interview. The data analysis used is a SWOT analysis carried out to analyze internal and external factors of entrepreneurs in industrial estates. The results of this study show that there are 4 strength factors, 4 weakness factors, 5 opportunity factors and 4 threat factors so that 8 strategies can be formulated in developing superior products of the Bonggolan Small Industry, Sidayu District, Gresik Regency so that it can compete with other products and be known by the wider community.

Agriculture plays an important role in food sustainability and security in Indonesia, including in the City of Tuban. The city has wide potential for the development of the agricultural sector, including crops, plantations, animal husbandry, forestry and fisheries. However, the limited information regarding the current situation of these sectors raises the need for in-depth analysis. This study aims to analyze the portrait of agriculture in the city of Malang with a focus on crops, plantations, animal husbandry, forestry, and fisheries. This analysis will provide insight into the current status, development potential, challenges and opportunities within these sectors. This research uses a qualitative approach by conducting field surveys, interviews with farmers, ranchers, fishermen, and other relevant stakeholders. The collected qualitative data were analyzed thematically to describe an overall picture of each agricultural sector. The results of the analysis show that the secondary crops sector has experienced positive growth, but still faces challenges in terms of access to markets and technology. Plantations have great potential in the development of superior commodities, but need to improve infrastructure and environmental sustainability. Livestock is experiencing rapid development, but faces problems in waste management and animal health. Forestry is faced with land expansion and forest restoration, while fisheries require steps to maintain the sustainability of fish resources. These findings provide important input for the local government and related stakeholders to develop a strategy for sustainable agricultural development in the City of Tuban. Efforts are needed to improve market access, strengthen infrastructure, improve waste management, improve animal health, and maintain the sustainability of fish resources. This analysis can also be the basis for further research and more effective policy planning in the agricultural sector in Tuban City.  

APBD is one of the tools to improve public services and welfare in the community according to the broad and real goals of regional autonomy. This study aims to find out whether the preparation of the APBD in Malang City is in accordance with Government Regulation Number 12 of 2019 concerning Regional Financial Management, Minister of Home Affairs Regulation Number 90 of 2019 and Malang Mayor Regulation Number 24 of 2020 concerning the 2021 Kola Malang Regional Government Work Plan. The research method used is descriptive method, each data collected is analyzed and a conclusion is drawn. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative. The research results obtained are that the process of preparing the Malang City APBD in accordance with Government Regulation Number 12 of 2019 Minister of Home Affairs Regulation Number 90 of 2019 has been carried out properly.

This study discusses the analysis of the power structure of leading industry clusters in Sidoarjo Regency. Sidoarjo Regency is one of the districts in East Java Province that has the potential and success in developing the local economy through the formation of industrial clusters. This study uses descriptive qualitative research methods by collecting secondary data through literature analysis. The results of the analysis show that factors such as superior natural resources, infrastructure availability, labor skills, research and innovation facilities, and government support policies affect the successful formation of leading industrial clusters in Sidoarjo Regency. Industrial clusters increase productivity, efficiency, innovation and commercialization. This study provides an understanding of the characteristics and dynamics of leading industry clusters in Sidoarjo Regency and the factors that influence efficiency. The results of this study can be the basis for further development to optimize the economic potential of the region with the help of industrial clusters.

In the development of the economy, the State of Indonesia experienced a change in the structure of the economy from an agricultural basis to an industrial one, which resulted in many benefits from these changes. The industrial sector has a close relationship with the economy of a country because the progress of the industrial sector is an indicator of the success of a country's economy. Descriptive methods are used to analyze physical and social phenomena and the readiness of an area to become a cluster. The analysis reveals that cluster policies are implemented by national and regional cluster programs. It was also determined that an important element of the cluster policy is the identification of sources of finance and the people responsible for implementing the program. The instrument can be applied by cluster policy actors which are defined in a broad sense, namely business, associations, government actors. In the industrial world, there are five industrial forces in determining the competition of an industry. The method used to determine the strength of the industry based on external factors of the company.