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Cholelithiasis or gallstones are pieces of solid material that form in the gallbladder. Gallstone disease or cholelithiasis is often found in various countries, including Indonesia. One of the collaborative actions to overcome the problem of cholelithiasis is cholecytectomy surgery. This case study aims to determine the application of perioperative care in patients with a diagnosis of cholelithiasis by laparotomy for cholecystectomy. The method in this study was a case study in cholelithiasis patients by providing intervention and care at the pre-operative, intra-operative and post-operative stages. The results of this case study indicate that the application of perioperative care by intervening reduces preoperative anxiety, controls bleeding and controls infection during surgery, prevents falls and reduces postoperative pain. It can be concluded that the application of perioperative care as an action performed by operating room nurses as well as surgeons and anesthesiologists in order to prepare patients for surgery with the aim of ensuring intraoperative patient safety. For health workers, both doctors and nurses, they always provide education related to a healthy lifestyle. Nurses monitor perioperative patients, educate patients and provide nursing care. In addition, it also informs the team about changes in patient status, and evaluates post-surgery.

The purpose of this work is to convey a message by visualizing negative behavior in the form of women's insecurity with the object of make-up tools that are metaphorized in contemporary painting. The method of creating works using an art consortium through five stages, namely, the preparation stage (observation and exploration), the elaboration stage (searching and collecting references), the synthesis stage (application of main ideas), the realization of concepts (making works), and the completion stage (artist report and final work exhibition). So that the realization of ten works that the author made with the theme of feelings of insecurity, the resulting works are 9 works with a size of 120x100 cm and 1 work with a size of 150x100 cm, with the titles lipatan, keinginan, paksaan, apakah aku sudah berbeda?, logika, kenyataan, pengangggu, penyamaran, mencoba, dan obsesi.

Introduction;  Nutritional status is the state of the human body as a result of food consumption and the use of nutrients.  Good human nutritional status is influenced by two main things, namely food consumption and the state of health of the body or infection.  Malnutrition can result in failure to grow and develop, decreased endurance, lead to loss of healthy life of toddlers, as well as more serious impacts are the onset of disability, high rates of pain and acceleration of death.  Purpose;  to find out the factors associated with the incidence of malnutrition in toddlers in Sidomulyo Village Pulobandring Subdistrict.  Methods;  This research uses methods that are analytical surveys with a cross sectional approach. Sampling technique using accidental sampling method, with the number of samples as many as 32 toddlers in Sidomulyo Village Pulobandring Subdistrict. The data was analyzed using Univariate and Bivariate using the chi square test.  Results;  Studies using the chisquare  test showed a relationship between knowledge variables and the incidence of undernutrition (p= 0.015 < 0.05 respondents to trimesters II and III), family income with the incidence of undernutrition (p = 0.010 <.05), and jobs with less nutritional events (p = 0.001 < 0.05).  Conclusions;  In this study, there is a relationship between knowledge, family income, and work and the incidence of malnutrition in Sidomulyo Village pulobandring district in 2021. It is expected that health workers further improve health promotion as their role to achieve a goal that is to improve the health of mothers and children.                                                          

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of aerobic exercise combined with physiotherapy in reducing injury risk among individuals with obesity. Obesity is a global health issue that significantly increases the risk of injuries, particularly within the musculoskeletal system. The research employed an experimental design with pre-test and post-test, involving 40 obese participants divided into two groups: an intervention group that underwent a 12-week program combining aerobic exercise and physiotherapy, and a control group that received no intervention. The intervention program included aerobic exercises designed to improve cardiovascular endurance and flexibility, alongside physiotherapy sessions focused on muscle strengthening and balance enhancement. The results showed that the intervention group experienced a significant reduction in injury risk and improvement in physical abilities compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Additionally, participants in the intervention group reported reduced pain levels and improved quality of life. These findings indicate that the combination of aerobic exercise and physiotherapy is effective in mitigating injury risks for individuals with obesity. This study provides valuable insights for healthcare practitioners in designing better rehabilitation programs for obese populations and encourages individuals to actively participate in safe and effective exercise regimens.

Asthma is a chronic disease that interferes with the airway due to inflammation and swelling of the walls in the airways so that becomes very sensitive to the entry of foreign objects which cause an overreaction. Based on data from the Ministry of Health for 2020, the number of asthma sufferers in Indonesia is 4.5% of the total population of Indonesia or as many as 12 million more. Meanwhile, based on Aceh Health Service in 2022, it was noted that Asthma sufferers in the Banda Aceh area has reached 11,534 cases. This study is a case report study with data obtained through autoanamnesis, physical examination, home visit to complete family data, psychosocial, and environmental data. Patient Mrs. NS, 51 years old, came with complaints of coughing and a runny nose for 3 days before coming to the Ulee Kareng Health Center, occasionally the patient coughed to the point of causing chest pain. The patient already has a history of asthma since elementary school. The application of family doctor services to asthma patients is necessary to prevent acute exacerbations and prevent the occurrence of asthma in the patient's family.

People with gout arthritis complain of pain in the joints, toes, hands, knees and have never used lemongrass water to reduce joint pain and choose analgesic drugs as pain relief. Lemongrass plant contains essential oil that has chemical properties and pharmacological effects, namely a spicy and warm taste as an anti- inflammatory and relieving analgesic pain.. The purpose of this research was to find out the effect of lemongrass (cymbopogon citratus) on the reduction of gout arthritis pain in The Community In The 1st Winenet Village, Bitung. This research used a pre experimental method with one group pretest-posttest design. The population were residents who suffered from gout arthritis and who experienced joint pain. Sampling using a purposive sampling technique with the number of samples were 12 respondents using the Lamesho formula. The instruments used in this research were observation sheets and pain intensity scale measurement sheets using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). The collected data was processed by running the computer program be analyzed by a Wilcoxon Signed Rank test with the significance level α = 0,05.The results of this research indicated that there are differences in pain intensity before and after giving lemongrass, with a ρ value (0,001) < (0,05), meaning that there is an effect of giving lemongrass on reducing gout arthritis pain.The conclusion of this research is that lemongrass can be used as a non- pharmacological therapy to reduce pain in gout arthritis. It is expected that the result of this research will be useful in reducing pain in patients with gout arthritis and can be used as an additional reference for further research.    

Uterine myoma is one of the most common tumors found in premenopause. Symptoms that can arise vary, ranging from asymptomatic to symptoms that interfere with daily activities. The most common symptoms arise, namely pain and vaginal bleeding. Women who have, myoma diagnosed certainly emits risk factors. Risk factors that can aggravate, among them are heredity, obesity, hormonal contraception, nullipara, hypertension, primipara age <20 years, deficiency of vitamins D Risk Factors Risk of land can be able to be able That, as for effective modalities is used for supporting examinations of uterine uterine and MRI uterine myomas. Ultrasound can be done as an initial screening, while MRI is better used for a more appropriate location when compared to ultrasound.

Gout Arthritis is a disease characterized by pain that occurs repeatedly caused by deposits of monosodium urate crystals that accumulate in the joints as a result of high levels of uric acid in the blood. One of the complementary therapeutic measures is a warm red ginger compress in gout arthritis patients. The purpose of this research is to determine the Effect of Giving Warm Red Ginger Compresses to Pain in Gout Arthritis Patients in Mahawu Village, Manado. The design of this study used a pre- experimental (one-group, pre-post test design). The sample in this study was 35 respondents taken using a total sampling instrument. The study used observation sheets and SOPs for measurement using the NRS (Numeric Rating Scale). The data were then analyzed using the Wilcoxon statistical test with a significance level of = 0.05. The results of this study indicate that there is an effect of giving red ginger warm compresses to pain in gout arthritis patients with p value = 0.000 <0.05 so Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected. So it can be concluded that there is an effect of giving red ginger warm compresses to reducing pain in gout arthritis patients in Mahawu Village, Manado. The conclusion of the study is that there is an effect of warm red ginger compresses on Gout Arthritis patients in Mahawu Village, Manad.

ABSTRACT. Sectio Caesarea (SC) is a common and widely performed operation on pregnant women and its prevalence is increasing every year. The incidence of cesarean section in Indonesia is around 22.8% of all deliveries. Spinal anesthesia for cesarean section is very beneficial because of the simplicity of the technique, fast onset, reduced systemic toxicity but has the risk of complications that often occur after anesthesia and surgery are pain, nausea and vomiting. Objective: To analyze the comparison of the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PON-V) between fasting and non-fasting in patients with caesarean section who underwent regional anesthesia. Research Methods: Experimental research with clinical trials and including quantitative research. It will be held in March 2021 at IBS RSUD Caruban, Madiun Regency. The sampling technique was probability sampling using consecutive sampling where the sample consisted of 30 SC surgery patients who were divided into two groups, namely 15 fasting and non-fasting patients with spinal anesthesia. Data analysis using Paired Sample T Test with SPSS 22.00 for windows. Result : Post operative nausea and vomiting occurred in both groups . The difference in the incidence of PON-V in both fasting and non-fasting groups in cesarean section patients, the T test (independent T Test) showed a p value of 0.380 (p value > 0.05). Conclusion: There is no difference in the comparison of PON-V between fasting and non-fasting patients in sectio cesarean surgery patients at Caruban Hospital, Madiun Regency in 2021.  

Shivering after cesarean section is one of the common side effects of spinal anesthesia that is often overlooked but can cause significant discomfort, even increasing the risk of postoperative complications such as increased oxygen consumption and impaired recovery. This community service program aims to improve understanding in both patients and health workers regarding the importance of effective shivering management through health education and practical training. The methods used include socialization, interactive counseling, action simulation, and evaluation of the level of understanding before and after educational activities. The results showed an increase in patient knowledge from 50% to 85% after education, and a decrease in the incidence of shivering from 70% to 30% after implementation of the intervention. These findings indicate that educational interventions and promotive-preventive approaches play an important role in improving the quality of postoperative care, especially in patients undergoing cesarean section. Therefore, the active involvement of health workers in providing health information and non-pharmacological pain management is essential to prevent and overcome shivering optimally.

Penelitian ini mempunyai tujuan untuk mendeskripsikan budaya organisasi, kompensasi, employee engagement dan kinerja guru di SMK Negeri Dander Bojonegoro.Menguji dan menganalisis pengaruh kompensasi dan employee engagement terhadap kinerja guru di SMK Negeri Dander Bojonegoro. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian eksplanatori dengan pendekatan kuantitatif, Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh guru SMK Negeri Dander Bojonegoro yang berjumlah 68 orang dan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 66 guru dengan teknik total sampling atau sample jenuh. Teknik analisis data, menggunakan Structural Equation Model (SEM) dengan PLS (Partial Least Square). Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kompensasi, budaya organisasi, employee engagement dan kinerja guru SMK Negeri Dander Kabupaten Bojonegoro dalam kategori yang tinggi. Budaya organisasi berpengaruh dengan signifikan terhadap employee engagement, Kompensasi berpengaruh dengan signifikan terhadap employee engagement, Budaya organisasi tidak berpengaruh dengan signifikan terhadap kinerja guru, Kompensasi tidak berpengaruh dengan signifikan terhadap kinerja guru, Employee engagement berpengaruh dengan signifikan terhadap kinerja guru, Employee engagement dapat memediasi kompensasi berpengaruh dengan signifikan terhadap kinerja guru, Employee engagement dapat memediasi budaya organisasi berpengaruh dengan signifikan terhadap kinerja guru.

Dysmenorrhea is a physical disorder in women who are menstruating in the form of abdominal pain/cramping disorders. Benson relaxation is the development of a deep breathing relaxation method involving the patient's belief factor that can create a calm environment so that it can help patients achieve higher health and well-being conditions. This study aims to describe and analyze the application of Benson's relaxation technique in reducing the pain scale of dysmenorrhea in nursing students. The type of research used is descriptive with a case study approach. The subjects used were 2 people with criteria, namely students of STIKES Kesdam IV/Diponegoro Semarang, female students with dysmenorrhea pain, and female students who were willing to be given Benson relaxation measures. Pain measurement using the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS). Benson's relaxation intervention was carried out for 3 consecutive days. The results of the analysis showed that subject I experienced a decrease in the pain scale from the results of a scale of 4 (moderate) to II (mild), subject II from a scale of 3 (mild) to 0 (no pain). The results of the case study concluded that there was a decrease in the pain scale in female students with dysmenorrhea pain. Benson relaxation is recommended as a nursing intervention in pain management in female students who experience dysmenorrhea pain because it can reduce the pain scale significantly and is easy to do

One of the benefits of the semiotic approach is being able to examine in more detail the communication conveyed by works of art. In the current digital era, works of art can take the form of photography, videography, and so on, where these works of art can provide meaning or representation of a communication message. One of the works of art in the form of videography is video clips. One example of a video clip is a song entitled "Perfect My Day" sung by Rey Mbayang, which used to be trending 1 on YouTube in the music category. The background of this video is Dinda Hauw's documentary film when she is going through the process leading up to childbirth, this makes the writer interested in analyzing Ferdinand De Saussure's semiotics because the writer also has personal experience in dealing with the birth process. In this research, the researcher uses Ferdinand De Saussure's semiotic analysis method and examines the signs that refer to the video clip for the song "Sempurnaka Hariku" sung by Rey Mbayang. These signs are data such as images and other visual elements, as well as other supporting data, which will be studied and interpreted in the form of words and language. The results of the research on the video clip for the song "Perfect my day" sung by Rey Mbayang has signifiers and signifieds. It can be analyzed that the overall meaning of the various signs in the semiotic analysis is an explanation that the video clip tells about the struggles of the process of giving birth to Rey Mbayang and Dinda Hauw's first child from the beginning of the process full of anxiety, resignation, and pain until after birth it changes with a feeling of emotion, relieved and happy also grateful to have been given the mandate and gift in the form of a son from Allah SWT. The sign is that in the process of struggling to give birth, there is the role of the husband and family which are very important to support the success of the process.

Pregnancy is a period in which a woman carries an embryo or fetus in her body. The period of pregnancy starts from conception to the birth of the fetus. During pregnancy, the mother will experience physical and psychological changes. The physical changes that occur sometimes even cause discomfort for the mother, one of which is back pain. This study aims to determine the effect of Pregnancy Exercise on Reducing Back Pain in Pregnant Women at Elisabeth Midwife Independent Practice, Mandailing Natal District in 2022. This type of research is a quasi-experimental study with a research approach with a prepost test design with one group test. Population is all pregnant women in the Elisabeth Midwife Independent Practice, Mandailing Natal District in 2022, totaling 28 pregnant women. The number of samples used was 28 people obtained by using total sampling technique. The data analysis technique uses the Paired-Samples T Test. The results obtained in this study were from 28 respondents, there was an effect of pregnancy exercise on reducing back pain in pregnant women with a value of p = 0.000. Conclusion: there is an effect of pregnancy exercise on reducing back pain in pregnant women. It is recommended for health workers to improve counseling related to reducing back pain in pregnant women with pregnancy exercise.

This research is to find out the suffering of Oliver, Charles Dicken’s Oliver Twist. This research is qualitative since the data are in the form of words rather than numbers. The data were collected in the novel Oliver Twist, which was the primary source. The secondary sources, such as books, documents, and the internet, are used to support the analysis. An objective approach was applied in analyzing the data.The result shows that suffering changes Oliver and has a range of impacts. His suffering comes in physical and mental forms. The physical suffering is physical violence, which among others is beating; besides physical suffering, he also had mental suffering, which were depression, intimidation, painfulness, etc. The physical pain that Twist received made him lose too much weight, and he turned into a thin boy. He became an orphan as a result of his mistreatment. Mentally, Twist becomes someone who is easily touched and emotionally moved; he also turns into a wild child. The causes and effects that make Oliver a thief are depression and going wild. The lack of attention and affection made Oliver think that whatever Fagin gave him was a form of attention and affection.

Pain in labor is an unpleasant emotional and sensory experience arising from actual or potential tissue damage or demonstrated. Pain is a natural process in labor. If it is not handled properly, it will cause other problems, namely increased anxiety or worry due to lack of knowledge in the mother about the processes that occur when facing labor. This study aims to determine the effect of back massage on reducing the pain scale of labor in the first active phase at UPTD Puskesmas Maga, Mandailing Natal district in 2022. This type of research is a quasi-experimental study with a research approach using a prepost test design with one group test. The population is all pregnant women who are at the UPTD Puskesmas Maga, Mandailing Natal Regency in 2022, totaling 54 mothers in partu. The number of samples used was 54 people obtained by using total sampling technique. The data analysis technique uses the Paired-Samples T Test. The results obtained in this study were from 54 respondents, there was an effect of back massage on a decrease in the active phase of labor pain scale in the first active phase with a value of p = 0.011. There is an Effect of Back Massage on Reducing the Pain Scale of Labor in the Active Phase I. It is recommended for health workers to improve counseling related to reducing the pain of the active phase of labor in the first stage of labor for mothers in labor with back massage

Period teenager is period of the reproductive system already experience maturity for reproduce so that on period teenager also already experience menstruation. wrong a common syndrome happen in the menstrual process is painful period. this syndrome the symptoms different different each individual wrong only one is dizziness,nausea,abdominal pain, constipation until faint so that could disturbing activity. For resolve problem the can do  treatment in a manner pharmacology with consume drugs and can also use remote method  more safe from on consuming medicine is method therapy acupressure. Purpose devotion this give education about acupressure therapy as alternative method for treat painful period. live use method belended learning (lectures, QandA, and practicum) was carried out for 33 female students to make it easy understand what is conveyed and capable apply it in life everyday.Results activity counseling this is happen enhancement significant to knowledge female student about acupressure method for treat dysmenorrhea

Birth Ball is a birth ball that can be used by mothers in labor in the first stage to a position that can help progress labor. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the Birth Ball on reducing the intensity of labor pain during the first active phase. The type of research used in this study was a quasy experiment. The research was conducted at PMB Karmila, Bantan District. The population in this study were all third trimester pregnant women. The sample in this study were 20 pregnant women using purposive sampling. Data analysis was carried out univariately, bivariately using the T-Dependent statistical test (paired T-Test). The results showed that there was an effect of birth ball on the intensity of labor pain in the first stage. to the community, especially primigravida women who experience labor pain to be able to do birth ball therapy to reduce the level of pain in the first stage of labor.\      

Labor is the process of opening and thinning the cervix, where the fetus is pushed out through the birth canal. Finger Grip Relaxation is a muscle relaxation action that is believed to reduced pain. The purpose of this research was to find out the effect of finger grip relaxation technique on pain reduction in post sectio caesarea patients at the 2nd Grade Hospital of R.W. Monginsidi in Manado.This research was conducted by using a quasi experimental one group pre-test and posttest design. Sampel in this research amounted to 15 respondents using accidental sampling technique. Data collection was done by sharing SOP. Then, the collected data was processed by running the SPSS computer program version 16.0 to be analyzed by a Wilcoxon test with the significance level ? = 0,05.The result showed that there is an effect of finger grip relaxation technique on pain reduction in post sectio caesarea patients.The conclusion of this research is that there is an effect of finger grip relaxation technique on pain reduction in post sectio caesarea patients at the 2nd Grade Hospital of R.W. Monginsidi in Manado. It is suggested to update information about the effect of finger grip relaxation technique on pain reduction in post sectio caesarea patients.

Immunization is an action that provides immunity to individuals so that when exposed to a disease they will only experience mild illness or no pain. Immunizations are carried out mainly in children. Immunizations carried out on children are basic immunization and advanced immunization. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, immunization cannot run properly. This study aims to find out about the achievements of basic and follow-up immunizations between before, during, and the transition period of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Cempaka Putih sub-district. Research Methods: This research is an observational descriptive study in the work area of the Cempaka Putih District Health Center. The research sample in this study was a history of basic and follow-up immunizations from children living in the working area of the Cempaka Putih District Health Center. The results showed that the achievement of basic immunization and children under two in 2019 (before the COVID-19 pandemic) reached the target, then in 2020 (pandemic COVID-19) the achievement of basic immunization and children under two did not meet the target. In 2021 (COVID-19 pandemic) the achievement of basic and under-five immunizations reached the target, then in 2022 (COVID-19 transition period) the achievement of basic and under-five immunizations was achieved.