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White-collar crime has developed to a transnational level that no longer recognises the territorial boundaries of the state. The form of crime is also increasingly sophisticated and neatly organised, making it difficult to detect. Criminals always try to save money from their crimes through various means, one of which ismoney laundering. In this way, they try to launder illegally obtained money into a form that looks legal. With this laundering, criminals can hide the true origin of the funds or money from the crimes they commit. This research is focused on library studies or document studies, because this research is mostly carried out on secondary data, and Primary Data as a complement, the data to be obtained in this study are collected by means of: Library research The library material referred to consists of primary legal materials, namely laws and regulations related to the title of this research and the Criminal Code. Similarly, secondary legal materials are studied in the form of scientific works of experts including research results (including theses and dissertations) related to the title of the researcher and using Qualitative Data.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the pig production sharing agreement between the Village Head and the community according to the Civil Code in Loborai Village, East Sabu District, Sabu Raijua Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province. In the process of this research, the author uses empirical research methods with the aim of research to find out and describe various matters related to the implementation of the pig production sharing agreement in Loborai Village, East Sabu District which will provide benefits in the form of rational thinking in an effort to answer various problems related to the pig production sharing agreement in Loborai Village, East Sabu District. The results of the research show that the form of pig profit-sharing agreement carried out by the village head with the community is carried out in written and unwritten (oral) forms. The written agreement is carried out by the community in the form of an agreement in the division of profit sharing for pigs. Whereas in the oral form, the village head and the community make an agreement to raise pigs and the results of the livestock if they breed and have results from the pigs will be shared with the community to maintain the results of the pigs that have been given. If there is a problem in the pig profit-sharing agreement between the village head and the community in raising pigs, for example, in this case the community is negligent so that the pigs die, then the village head as the owner does not sue but is resolved properly.  However, another thing that is absolute to note is that the agreement made and carried out must be in good faith. 

This article aims to find out the validity of the Civil Code smart contact.  It is hoped that the results of this research can be used by parties, especially people who have started carrying out transaction and contract activities using blockchain technology in the form of smart contracts.  This research method uses normative law, the use of legal materials includes primary and secondary legal materials, through data collection techniques in the form of literature studies.  A conceptual approach and a statutory approach were used in this research.  The data analysis technique used is a deductive data analysis technique using the syllogism method.  The validity of an agreement is assessed based on an understanding of article 1313 and the main elements of the validity of an agreement based on article 1320 along with the principle of freedom of contract in article 1338 of the Civil Code.  It is necessary to understand that smart contracts are required to fulfill the terms of the agreement in their implementation

Health service in home is one of the health service that do in the family’s home stay for improving and defending family’s health. Home care gives priority to the fulfilment of health service with organizing the health service that have a quality with out an affense of code of ethics and standard of the quality of medical care profession in home care service in Batua Public Health Center jobs area in Makassar City. This study was do it with using descriptif survey with cross sectional study appraoach with amount of sampels 76 people wiht total sampling method. The results of this study showed that raliable has a relation with patients family statisfaction with p (0,002) < (0,05), assurance has a relation with patients family statisfac- tion with p (0,000) < (0,05), tangible has a relation with patients family statisfaction with p (0,000) < (0,05), emphaty has a relation with patients family statisfaction with p (0,002) < (0,05), responsiviness has a relation with patients family statisfaction with p (0,003) < (0,05). According to the results, its can be con- cluded that reliable, assurance, tangible, emphaty and responsiviness in home care service have a relation with patients family statisfaction. Suggested to the home care service officer in Batua Public Health Center to promote more about hme care service and always stay defending the nersing care service now.

This article aims to find out the validity of a mystery box sale and purchase agreement from the perspective of article 1320 of the Civil Code.  It is hoped that the results of this research can be used by parties, especially potential online loan recipients, in making an online loan agreement using a standard agreement system.  The research methodology uses normative law, including primary and secondary legal documents, as well as data collection approaches such as literature reviews.  A conceptual approach and a statutory approach were used in this research. The data analysis technique used was a deductive data analysis technique using the syllogism method.  The validity of an agreement is assessed based on 4 main points of the validity of an agreement based on article 1320 of the Civil Code.  Likewise, a sale and purchase agreement is considered valid according to law if it fulfills the 4 elements of the validity of an agreement

Corruption is a problem that needs to be taken seriously and is a legal issue in every country in the world, including Indonesia. The disease of corruption is increasingly rampant. The seriousness of the government in overcoming criminal acts of corruption is the establishment of Law Number 31 of 1999 as amended by Law Number 20 of 2001 concerning Eradication of Corruption Crimes. The formulation of the problem discussed in writing this thesis is Regarding the Application of the Criminal Act of Assistance in corruption. The research method used in writing this thesis is a research method carried out with a Normative Juridical Approach, namely Legal Principles and referring to Legal Norms contained in the library research method (library research), namely conducting research using data from various reading sources such as Laws - Invitations, books, magazines and the internet which are considered relevant to the problems that the author will discuss in this thesis. The assistance of corruption crimes committed by Widjokongko Puspoyo who helped Widjanarko Puspoyo receive gifts from Bulog partners caused Widjokongko Puspoyo to be punished for violating Article 11 Law No. 20 of 2001 concerning changes to Law no. 31 of 1999 concerning the Eradication of Corruption in conjunction with Article 15 of Law no. 31 of 1999 concerning the Eradication of Corruption in conjunction with Article 56 1 of the Criminal Code. Assistance in Corruption Crimes is regulated in Article 15 of Law No. 31 of 1999, in this article it states that the act of assisting corruption will be punished the same as the perpetrators of corruption in accordance with the provisions in Law No. 31 of 1999 as has been amended by Law No. 20 of 2001 concerning the Eradication of Corruption Crimes. In Article 15 Criminal Responsibility for Assistance Crimes in corruption cases is seen from the extent to which the act of assisting the Corruption Crime was carried out. In determining the amount of punishment for the assistant to the criminal act of corruption, it can be seen from the articles violated by the assistant to the criminal act of corruption      

Research on the role of extension workers in the development of women's farmer groups (KWT) in Selupu Rejang District, Rejang Lebong Regency aims to analyze the role of extension workers in the development of Women Farmers Groups (KWT) in Selupu Rejang District. The research was conducted in January 2022 in Selupu Rejang District, Rejang Lebong Regency, Bengkulu Province. Determination of the location is done intentionally (purposive sampling) with the consideration that this location is the center of agriculture in the Rejang Lebong highlands which has many farmer groups, one of which is the Women Farmers Group (KWT). This study has two types of primary data that are processed and analyzed, namely quantitative data and qualitative data. Qualitative data from the questionnaires in this study were collected and the answers were studied which then coded the data to obtain quantitative data. The collected data was statistically processed using SPSS for Windows and Microsoft Excel. Checking the completeness and consistency of the answers on the questionnaire sheets, diaries, and audio recordings was carried out at the stage of studying the answers to the questionnaire. The Microsoft Excel program was used at the data coding stage where all quantitative data obtained from the complete and per variable questionnaire answers were entered into the Microsoft Excel program. The stages in analyzing the data are Validity Test, Reliability Test, Likert Scale Analysis and Hypothesis Testing. The role of extension workers is very important in the development of the Women Farmers Group (KWT). Judging from the three categories, namely the role of the instructor as a mentor with a score of 77% in the high category, it can be said to be growing because KWT has been able to innovate by creating new things in farming activities and can also think that farming activities are not only limited to planting but can also perform processing in order to increase the selling value of agricultural products.

Fraudulent acts are currently flourishing following the era and technology advancement. Laws and regulations are made to anticipate this, but the existing laws and regulations seem like unable to combat the crime amid their increase in occurrences. This research aims to: firstly, to identify law enforcement against the e-commerce-based frauds; and secondly, to identify the obstacles in criminal law enforcement against e-commerce- based frauds. This research was conducted by using normative juridical method through literature research by examining secondary data including legislation, research results, scientific journals and references. The research results describe that the e-commerce- based fraudulent acts in principle are similar to the conventional frauds but differ in the evidences or means of action as the latter uses electronic systems (computers, internet, telecommunications equipment). Therefore, the legal enforcement against this kind of frauds is still under the applicability of the Indonesian Criminal Code and the Law No. 19 of 2016 regarding Amendments to the Law No. 11 of 2008 regarding Information and Electronic Transactions. Further, the law enforcement against the fraudulent acts in electronic-based transactions has been prevented at least by the following five factors, the laws and regulations, law enforcers, infra-structure or facilities that support the law enforcement, community and cultural factors.      

The purpose of this study is to analyze the law enforcement of perpetrators of serious maltreatment due to hallucinations in Satarmese Barat Subdistrict, Manggarai Regency. This research is an empirical juridical research that examines a legal event that occurs through a statute cause approach. Data were collected in two ways, namely interviews and document studies. The data obtained is then presented descriptively qualitatively. The results showed that law enforcement of perpetrators of serious maltreatment due to hallucinations in West Satarmese District, Manggarai Regency in relation to liability that the perpetrators were released from criminal liability by investigators which was not in accordance with Article 44 of the Criminal Code and termination of investigation which was not in accordance with the provisions of Article 109 of the Criminal Procedure Code. The obstacles to law enforcement are influenced by several factors, namely: facilities and infrastructure factors (limited facilities and infrastructure available at Satarmese Police Station), law enforcement factors (inconsistency of investigators with existing regulations), community factors (lack of understanding of community law), and cultural factors (Manggarai community culture is thick with kedi kilo (kinship) in solving problems. 

The purpose of this study leads to legal action that can be done by business actors related to losses caused by fictitious orders and legal protection against business actors in online buying and selling transactions Cash on Delivery (COD) payment methods. This type of research is a juridical normative research that leads to legal norms, legal principles and using the statute approach (legislation) and supported by the fact approach (the Fact Approach) and conceptual approach (concept approach). The results of the study that the form of legal protection against business actors who are harmed by consumers is in the form of compensation and/or sanctions against consumers when consumers still do not replace the losses as intended. Although Chapter 13 of the UUPK does not specify criminal sanctions against consumers in particular, this does not mean that consumers can avoid criminal sanctions. Criminal sanctions can be imposed against consumers if the consumer's actions have met the criminal elements. The legal action of business actors against consumers who make fictitious orders can then implement the principle of strict liability, business actors who feel aggrieved over the actions of consumers who are not responsible for the goods that have been ordered can demand compensation or compensation without having to dispute the presence or absence of elements of error on the part of consumers. The threat of punishment obtained against consumers who are proven to have committed fraud will be subject to imprisonment for a maximum of four years in accordance with Article 378 of the Criminal Code.. Therefore, it should pay more attention to legal certainty regarding legal protection not only to consumers but also to business actors. Because basically losses can not only be experienced by consumers but can also be experienced by business actors.

Corruption is a problem that needs to be taken seriously and is a legal issue in every country in the world, including Indonesia. The disease of corruption is increasingly rampant. The seriousness of the government in overcoming criminal acts of corruption is the establishment of Law Number 31 of 1999 as amended by Law Number 20 of 2001 concerning Eradication of Corruption Crimes. The formulation of the problem discussed in writing this thesis is Regarding the Application of the Criminal Act of Assistance in corruption. The research method used in writing this thesis is a research method carried out with a Normative Juridical Approach, namely Legal Principles and referring to Legal Norms contained in the library research method (library research), namely conducting research using data from various reading sources such as Laws - Invitations, books, magazines and the internet which are considered relevant to the problems that the author will discuss in this thesis. The assistance of corruption crimes committed by Widjokongko Puspoyo who helped Widjanarko Puspoyo receive gifts from Bulog partners caused Widjokongko Puspoyo to be punished for violating Article 11 Law No. 20 of 2001 concerning changes to Law no. 31 of 1999 concerning the Eradication of Corruption in conjunction with Article 15 of Law no. 31 of 1999 concerning the Eradication of Corruption in conjunction with Article 56 1 of the Criminal Code. Assistance in Corruption Crimes is regulated in Article 15 of Law No. 31 of 1999, in this article it states that the act of assisting corruption will be punished the same as the perpetrators of corruption in accordance with the provisions in Law No. 31 of 1999 as has been amended by Law No. 20 of 2001 concerning the Eradication of Corruption Crimes. In Article 15 Criminal Responsibility for Assistance Crimes in corruption cases is seen from the extent to which the act of assisting the Corruption Crime was carried out. In determining the amount of punishment for the assistant to the criminal act of corruption, it can be seen from the articles violated by the assistant to the criminal act of corruption.

the study aims to analyze the imposition of a criminal verdict in the case of murder that occurred in case No. 117/PID.B / 2022 / PN GTO at the Gorontalo City District Court, as well as factors that influence the judge in deciding the murder case. The research method used is normative legal research with the approach of legislation and the approach of existing cases, which are then analyzed in a descriptive qualitative. The results showed that the analysis of the verdict on the murder case No. 117/Pid.B / 2022 / PN GTO at the Gorontalo City District Court, it can be concluded that the decision is the result of a criminal justice process based on the results of the examination and the facts of the trial as well as the cooperative attitude of the perpetrator. The factors that influence the decision, among others, are the evidence presented in the trial, witness testimony, Judge's consideration, and applicable legal provisions. The judge in his decision did not consider the elements of the indictment charged by the public prosecutor, namely Article 340 of the criminal code, but instead decided the case using Article 338 of the Criminal Code which, according to researchers, does not reflect the principle of legal certainty and Justice.

The purpose of this study is to examine the analysis of player transfer arrangements that occur in e-Sports sports in Indonesia by reflecting on the positive law that applies in Indonesia and also what underlies the legal relationship between e-Sports athletes and the team that has just bought them. This study uses normative legal research methods with a statutory approach and other secondary materials. The results of this study show that regulations regarding the transfer of both athletes as athletes and athletes as workers have been regulated in the Sports Law, Employment Law, and Indonesian Esports Executive Board Regulation Number: 034/PB-ESI/B/VI/2021. And the thing that underlies the legal relationship between an e-Sports athlete who moves from one e-Sports team to another is a contract or work agreement made based on the Civil Code.

 Digitalization is not only developing in companies and public school but is also developing in Madrasah schools such as what happened at Madrasah MA Al-Djufri which is located in the Blumbungan, Pamekasan, based on private schools that currently have minimal use of the system. The service here will provide a website combined with Excel and also the application of QR Codes in implementing daily attendance. The existing opportunities must be used as a spark for enthusiasm to improve and innovate so that they can progress and develop. This activity seeks to provide a solution for private madrasas that do not yet have a website. This service through practical work uses a participatory action research approach. Technically, it is carried out through five stages of competition-based service which include preparation, training, mentoring, competition, and appreciation. The real result of this service activity is the existence of a website in the form of a QR code and Excel to support progress at MA Al-Djufri which previously was still not good. As many as 94% of madrasas stated that in general the implementation of community service activities was carried out very well.

This research investigates the implications of not reading out the legal consequences of a sale and purchase deed prepared by a Notary/PPAT in front of the concerned parties. It employs a descriptive approach, drawing from various literature sources such as books, research findings, journals, and articles. The study underscores the Notary/PPAT's responsibility to orally communicate the deed's content to the involved parties. Failure to do so diminishes the deed's authenticity. Although the deed remains legally valid regarding the transaction, its authenticity suffers, likening it to an underhand deed. Consequently, Notaries/PPATs who overlook this obligation may face sanctions as per the relevant ethical codes for their negligence.

The aim of this service is to explain the existence of the slang language spoken which is influenced by social media, almost all students use it. This research aims to analyze the influence of slang on the existence of the Indonesian language, with a focus on the case study of students at Muhammadiyah University of Makassar. The use of slang among students has become an increasingly widespread phenomenon, raising questions regarding its impact on the use and maintenance of Indonesian as the country's official language. This research method involves qualitative research analysis using a structured descriptive method on a number of students from the Indonesian Language and Literature Education department at Muhammadiyah University of Makassar. This research was designed to identify the level of understanding and use of slang and describe the complexity of the dynamics between slang use and maintenance of Indonesian. This research contributes to our understanding of how the slang phenomenon influences the existence of Indonesian in society, especially in Ujung Lamuru village. The implications of this research can provide a basis for designing educational strategies and language awareness that are more effective in maintaining the existence of the Indonesian language in this modern era. Slang can be said to be a certain code that only a group of people know the meaning and purpose of.

The aim of this service is to explain the existence of the slang language spoken which is influenced by social media, almost all students use it. This research aims to analyze the influence of slang on the existence of the Indonesian language, with a focus on the case study of students at Muhammadiyah University of Makassar. The use of slang among students has become an increasingly widespread phenomenon, raising questions regarding its impact on the use and maintenance of Indonesian as the country's official language. This research method involves qualitative research analysis using a structured descriptive method on a number of students from the Indonesian Language and Literature Education department at Muhammadiyah University of Makassar. This research was designed to identify the level of understanding and use of slang and describe the complexity of the dynamics between slang use and maintenance of Indonesian. This research contributes to our understanding of how the slang phenomenon influences the existence of Indonesian in society, especially in Ujung Lamuru village. The implications of this research can provide a basis for designing educational strategies and language awareness that are more effective in maintaining the existence of the Indonesian language in this modern era. Slang can be said to be a certain code that only a group of people know the meaning and purpose of.

Online gambling in Indonesia has become a massive cybercrime, with financial turnover reaching IDR 976.8 trillion during 2017–2025. Behind these figures lie individual and family victims suffering material and immaterial losses, yet they are often positioned as offenders rather than protected parties. This study aims to analyze the legal framework for protecting online gambling victims, identify juridical and factual constraints in its implementation, and formulate an ideal protection model. The research employs a normative juridical method with statutory, case, and conceptual approaches. The findings indicate that Indonesian positive law does not recognize online gambling players as "victims" entitled to restitution and rehabilitation; instead, they face criminal threats under Article 303 bis of the Criminal Code and Article 27 of the ITE Law. Key constraints include the absence of an explicit definition, social stigma, weak recovery mechanisms, and minimal inter-agency coordination. This study recommends regulatory revision to distinguish between operators and victim-players, expansion of the victim definition under the Witness and Victim Protection Law (UU LPSK), and the establishment of integrated complaint and rehabilitation services under the coordination of the Ministry of Communication and Informatics (Kemenkominfo) and BSSN.

The aim of this research is to find out the role and function of the Court of the People's Representative Council of the Republic of Indonesia in dealing with violations of the council's code of ethics. This research approach was carried out using a normative approach. From this research it can be seen that the role of the Council's Honorary Court in upholding the DPR's code of ethics is carried out through prevention and enforcement efforts. Prevention efforts are carried out in various stages, namely socialization, training, sending circulars and providing recommendations, or other methods determined by the Honorary Court Council.

This scientific work discusses acts of fraud committed by insureds which often occur in the insurance industry in Indonesia. This action violates Article 1365 of the Civil Code concerning Unlawful Actions (PMH). This research is normative legal research which has prescriptive and applied research characteristics. From this research, it was concluded that fraudulent claims can be said to be unlawful if analyzed according to the elements of unlawful acts.