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This study investigates the influence of the film Tenggelamnya Kapal Van Der Wijck on students’ perceptions of Minangkabau culture, focusing on Communication Science students at Bina Sarana Informatika University (UBSI). The research employs a quantitative approach with a survey method, applying the Uses and Effects theory to examine how media content affects audience perception. The study aims to understand how cultural values embedded in the film impact students’ knowledge, attitudes, and behavioral orientations toward Minangkabau traditions. A total of respondents were surveyed to measure their cultural perceptions before and after watching the film. Statistical analysis using correlation tests reveals a significant relationship between exposure to the film and students’ cultural perceptions, with a correlation coefficient of 0.631, indicating a moderately strong influence. The film illustrates various aspects of Minangkabau culture, including the matrilineal kinship system, social norms, and traditional values, which significantly enhance students’ awareness and understanding. Furthermore, the findings suggest that the film contributes not only to knowledge acquisition but also to shaping attitudes and potential behavioral changes toward cultural appreciation. The study concludes that film, as a powerful visual medium, plays a substantial role in shaping cultural perceptions among the younger generation. These findings underline the importance of strengthening cultural literacy through audiovisual media while encouraging critical perspectives to avoid misinterpretation of cultural messages. Future research is recommended to compare the impact of different cultural films across diverse student populations to deepen the understanding of media influence on cultural perception.

The design of the 3:30 Kopi website poster was carried out as an effort to present an effective and modern promotional medium to support information needs and introduce the café’s digital platform to the wider community. In line with the development of the digital era, local SMEs such as 3:30 Kopi are required to remain competitive by utilizing visual media that is both communicative and appealing. This poster functions not only as an information tool but also as a branding strategy to strengthen the café’s identity in the eyes of consumers, particularly in the Ciledug area and its surroundings. The visual concept of the poster was designed with careful consideration of both aesthetics and function. The use of brown and cream tones symbolizes the warm and natural character of coffee, while also creating a friendly and elegant impression. Typography was chosen with a simple yet bold style to ensure information is easy to understand. The main elements, featuring a mockup of the website displayed on both laptop and mobile devices, emphasize the flexibility and responsiveness of the platform, which can be accessed anytime and anywhere. In addition, the inclusion of a QR code provides a modern solution that facilitates quick and practical interaction between the audience and the website. Cultural-inspired ornaments derived from 3:30 Kopi’s signature menu further reinforce its visual identity while adding aesthetic value. Through this poster design, 3:30 Kopi is expected to increase brand awareness, attract new visitors, and strengthen its image as a café that not only offers coffee but also provides a productive social space suited to the needs of modern society.

This study investigates the influence of sustainable leadership and customer-oriented culture on employee performance at PT Krakatau Sarana Properti (PT KSP), a subsidiary of PT Krakatau Steel operating in Indonesia’s commercial property sector. Amid rapid globalization and technological change, organizations are compelled to foster adaptive cultures and leadership approaches that ensure both operational excellence and long-term sustainability. Drawing on Organizational Behavior and the Resource-Based View, this research positions sustainable leadership as a strategic resource that not only directly enhances employee performance but also shapes a customer-oriented culture—an intangible asset vital for organizational competitiveness. Employing a quantitative, explanatory research design, data were collected from 95 employees using a structured questionnaire and analyzed with Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). The findings reveal that sustainable leadership has a significant positive impact on employee performance and customer-oriented culture. Additionally, customer-oriented culture exerts a strong influence on employee performance and partially mediates the relationship between sustainable leadership and employee performance. These results underscore the importance of integrating sustainability principles into leadership practices and embedding customer-centric values throughout the organization. The study provides both theoretical and practical contributions, offering a more holistic understanding of how sustainable leadership and organizational culture jointly drive superior performance. For PT KSP and similar organizations, investing in sustainable leadership development and cultivating a customer-oriented culture are recommended strategies to enhance employee motivation, adaptability, and long-term competitive advantage in a dynamic business environment.

This study aims to determine the implementation of financial management and infrastructure management on the quality of the learning process at Robbani Integrated Islamic Elementary School, Singosari, Malang. The background of this study is based on the importance of effective and efficient management of school resources to improve the quality of basic education as a foundation for student development. School financial management includes planning, management, supervision, and accountability of education funds, while infrastructure management focuses on the procurement, utilization, and maintenance of school facilities to support the learning process. The research method used is descriptive quantitative with a population of all teachers and education personnel at Robbani Islamic Elementary School, using data collection techniques in the form of questionnaires, documentation, and supporting interviews. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and hypothesis testing to examine the influence between variables. The results of the study indicate that financial management at Robbani Islamic Elementary School has been implemented based on the principles of transparency, accountability, and efficiency, reflected in the management of School Operational Assistance (BOS) funds and parent fees allocated for school operations, teacher competency improvement, and facility maintenance. In addition, school facilities and infrastructure such as classrooms, laboratories, libraries, and worship and sports facilities are already available although they still need development to better support technology-based learning. Statistical analysis revealed a significant influence of financial management and infrastructure on the quality of the learning process, as reflected in student exam results, academic and non-academic achievements, and parental satisfaction. This study recommends strengthening financial management through more careful planning and improving the quality of facilities and infrastructure to support active, innovative, creative, effective, and enjoyable learning (PAIKEM). The results of this study are expected to provide input for schools, foundations, and future researchers in developing educational policies.

Film and television play a central role in shaping and representing the cultural identity of society. Through artistic expertise manifested by directors, screenwriters, actors, cinematographers, and producers, cultural construction is presented not only as entertainment but also as a social discourse that reflects values, traditions, and the dynamics of collective identity. This study aims to analyze how artistic expertise contributes to constructing cultural identity representation through film and television mediums in Indonesia. The research methodology used is qualitative, employing content analysis and semiotics approaches on selected Indonesian films and TV series that highlight cultural aspects, such as Losmen Bu Broto and Gadis Kretek. These works were chosen because they feature rich local culture while reflecting the role of culture in the dynamics of Indonesian society. The findings indicate that artistic expertise plays a crucial role in constructing cultural representation, both through narrative, visual elements, music, and actors' performances. The representations produced not only affirm local and national identities but also reflect the process of cultural negotiation with global influences. This study underscores that film and television serve as strategic media for cultural diplomacy and the formation of collective identity awareness in Indonesian society. Through this process, these mediums contribute to the preservation of local culture amidst global cultural flows. The research highlights the importance of film and television as tools for maintaining and constructing cultural identity, where local traditions and values are both preserved and adapted to the changing global landscape.   

Traditional games are an important part of cultural heritage that carry educational values and can serve as an enjoyable and effective learning medium for children. Through the Community Service Program (KKN), university students organized traditional game competitions during the Independence Day celebration with village children. The activities aimed not only to provide entertainment but also to foster children’s learning motivation, enhance social interaction, and develop their personal character. This study employed observation, interviews, and documentation to collect accurate data. A total of 30 children were recorded as participants, although the actual number of participants in the competitions was higher. Ten children were purposively selected as interview respondents to gain deeper insights into their experiences. The results revealed that most children felt happy and enthusiastic while participating in the competitions. They also acquired important educational values such as teamwork, concentration, patience, perseverance, and enthusiasm for learning. Moreover, the majority of respondents stated that participating in the traditional games motivated them to be more engaged in school learning and encouraged them to study harder after the activities. Therefore, the revitalization of traditional games during the Independence Day celebration can serve as an effective alternative medium to enhance children’s learning motivation, strengthen social interaction, and preserve local cultural heritage. This study suggests that integrating cultural activities into educational practices can positively influence children’s attitudes toward learning while maintaining the community’s cultural identity.

Traditional games are an important part of cultural heritage that carry educational values and can serve as an enjoyable and effective learning medium for children. Through the Community Service Program (KKN), university students organized traditional game competitions during the Independence Day celebration with village children. The activities aimed not only to provide entertainment but also to foster children’s learning motivation, enhance social interaction, and develop their personal character. This study employed observation, interviews, and documentation to collect accurate data. A total of 30 children were recorded as participants, although the actual number of participants in the competitions was higher. Ten children were purposively selected as interview respondents to gain deeper insights into their experiences. The results revealed that most children felt happy and enthusiastic while participating in the competitions. They also acquired important educational values such as teamwork, concentration, patience, perseverance, and enthusiasm for learning. Moreover, the majority of respondents stated that participating in the traditional games motivated them to be more engaged in school learning and encouraged them to study harder after the activities. Therefore, the revitalization of traditional games during the Independence Day celebration can serve as an effective alternative medium to enhance children’s learning motivation, strengthen social interaction, and preserve local cultural heritage. This study suggests that integrating cultural activities into educational practices can positively influence children’s attitudes toward learning while maintaining the community’s cultural identity.

The Cultural Exchange program organized by students of Semarang State University (UNNES) in Kampung Gumut, Kerling, Selangor, Malaysia, is a strategic initiative in strengthening cultural identity while building a network of friendships across nations. Through a non-formal cultural diplomacy approach, this activity introduced the richness of traditional Indonesian culinary such as Soto Semarang, Kopi Tubruk Sumowono, Jamu Turmeric Asam, and Bakwan Sayur, as well as displaying traditional clothing from various regions, including Dayak, Kebaya Encim, Beskap Jawa, Kebaya Jawa, and Bali. The cross-cultural interaction created encourages open dialogue, broadens horizons, and fosters tolerance between communities. The enthusiasm of local residents, active participation in discussions, and the presence of community leaders show that cultural exchanges can be an effective medium in building social solidarity and strengthening Indonesia-Malaysia bilateral relations. This program not only provides a transformative experience for students as cultural ambassadors, but also creates a warm and meaningful communication space. With a participatory approach, this activity has the potential to open up wider collaboration opportunities in the fields of education, social, and culture. Overall, the UNNES Cultural Exchange in Malaysia is a real example of how the young generation can play an active role in cultural diplomacy, strengthen national identity, and build inclusive and sustainable international relations.

Social media has become an integral part of adolescents' lives, offering quick access to information, including reproductive health information. However, exposure to inaccurate information can pose risks. This study aims to analyze the relationship between social media use and adolescent reproductive health knowledge and behavior. A quantitative research method with a cross-sectional approach and chi-square test was used to examine the relationship between the independent variable (social media use) and the dependent variable (reproductive health knowledge and behavior). The study population was all 10th grade students (23 students) and 11th grade students (30 students) at SMK Tamansiswa Boja Kendal. A sample of 53 respondents was taken using an accidental sampling technique, consisting of students who happened to be present and willing to participate during the study. The results showed that the majority of respondents (56.6%) had low social media usage intensity. The majority of respondents also had a high level of knowledge (75.5%) about reproductive health, with an average score of 8.13 and a median of 10. Most respondents (66.0%) demonstrated positive reproductive health behavior. However, the chi-square test results showed no significant relationship between social media use and levels of knowledge (p = 0.673) or reproductive health behavior (p = 0.495). Although social media did not show a significant direct relationship to adolescent reproductive health knowledge and behavior in the context of this study, the high levels of knowledge and positive behaviors found indicate that existing educational programs, both in schools and from other sources, have been effective. Further research with larger samples and wider geographic variation is needed to understand other factors that influence adolescent health behavior.

Desa Rendeng Kecamatan Malo Kabupaten Bojonegoro merupakan salah satu desa yang memiliki potensi culture site gerabah. Kerajinan ini telah ada sejak tahun 1930an, produk awal yang dihasilkan berupa bentuk boneka pengantin. Tantangan yang dihadapi pengrajin gerabah meliputi tantangan internal dan tantangan eksternal. Pengabdian masyarakat dilakukan menggunakan metode kualitatif pendekatan partisipatif perajin gerabah yang terlibat dalam merencanakan kegiatan berdasarkan wawancara untuk menelaah permasalahan, FGD (Focus Group Discusson), serta mengimplementasi sebagai solusi untuk mengatasi masalah. Tujuan pengabdian ini memberikan pendampingan kepada pengrajin gerabah untuk meningkatkan strategi pemasaran digital, membantu pengrajin gerabah untuk membuat desain inovasi yang sesuai dengan tren pasar. Hasil pengabdian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan pemahaman pengrajin gerabah terkait pengelolaan platform digital sebagai sarana pemasaran. Pendampingan ini mencakup pelatihan strategi digital marketing melalui penggunaan media sosial, pengelolaan marketplace (Shopee dan Tokopedia) yang digunakan untuk menjangkau pasar secara luas.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pemahaman peserta didik terhadap Pendidikan Agama Kristen, serta mengindentifikasi pengaruhnya terhadap perilaku moral dan spiritualitas peserta didik di SMP Kristen Ketapang III. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Informan terdiri dari 2 peserta didik kelas VII, 2 peserta didik kelas VIII, dan kepala sekolah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peserta didik memahami Pendidikan Agama Kristen secara holistik sebagai sarana untuk mengenal Tuhan, membentuk karakter, dan memperdalam iman. Pendidikan Agama Kristen berkontribusi nyata terhadap perilaku moral peserta didik serta menunjukkan perkembangan spiritual peserta didik. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa Pendidikan Agama Kristen di SMP Kristen Ketapang III berfungsi secara efektif dalam membentuk peserta didik yang tidak hanya cerdas secara intelektual, tetapi juga dewasa dalam spiritual dan berkarakter.

Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) is a systematic effort aimed at protecting workers from the risks of accidents and work-related diseases. The implementation of OHS integrated with risk management helps identify, evaluate, and control potential hazards effectively in the workplace. This study was conducted at PT. Sarana Sampit Mentaya Utama, Balikpapan Branch, a company engaged in asphalt production. The main objectives of this research were to identify potential hazards, determine appropriate control measures, and evaluate the role of the Job Safety Analysis (JSA) method in supporting OHS. The research method used is JSA, which involves identifying each work step, determining the likelihood and severity of risks, and calculating the risk rating to assess the level of risk. The results showed that there are three potential hazards with a medium-risk category, namely in the activities of raw material mixing, quality control, and asphalt distribution. Additionally, three potential hazards with a low-risk category were found in the processes of raw material weighing, raw material transfer, and pump line valve opening. Recommended control measures to reduce risks include the use of appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) for each task, improving work facilities and infrastructure, and implementing proper load lifting procedures. The application of JSA has proven effective in raising the company's awareness of potential risks in the workplace. This has led to the implementation of better preventive measures, ultimately contributing to the creation of a safer, healthier, and more productive work environment. Therefore, the integration of OHS with risk management at PT. Sarana Sampit Mentaya Utama plays a significant role in safeguarding the safety and well-being of workers.

Posters are an important means of conveying information and promoting products or services to a wider audience through the power of visual communication. This research focuses on redesigning promotional and informational posters to support the marketing strategy of the Kopi Es Tak Kie website, a long-standing Chinese culinary heritage in Jakarta. The main objectives of this research are to enhance visual appeal, expand market reach, and strengthen cultural values ​​through print media designs that are representative and relevant to the development of the digital era. The approach used is visual communication design with the Design Thinking method. The stages in this method include audience needs research, design concept design, prototyping, and usability evaluation involving target respondents. In the visualization process, Figma software was used to arrange the poster layout, while Procreate was utilized to create complementary illustrations that provide an artistic and authentic feel. The resulting poster design emphasizes the use of a color palette of brick red, cream, and dark blue, combined with script and sans-serif typography. This combination was chosen to convey a cultural message while emphasizing the exclusive image of the Kopi Es Tak Kie brand. The visual harmony of color and typography enhances the cultural narrative while emphasizing the modern brand identity. The primary audience for this poster is young adults aged 22–40 who are interested in the fusion of traditional coffee culture and modern lifestyle. The findings of this study indicate that the redesigned poster is effective in bridging cultural heritage with digital branding, strengthening the identity of Kopi Es Tak Kie across both offline and online platforms. Thus, the poster medium is proven to act as a communication bridge connecting historical values ​​with contemporary marketing strategies.

Penelitian ini mengkaji pelaksanaan layanan bimbingan klasikal dalam konteks multikultural melalui pendekatan studi kepustakaan. Layanan bimbingan klasikal berperan penting dalam membantu siswa menyesuaikan diri secara sosial dan akademik di tengah keberagaman budaya sekolah. Fokus kajian meliputi prinsip, teknik, tahapan pelaksanaan, tantangan yang dihadapi, serta strategi konselor dalam mengelola dinamika multikultural. Hasil kajian menekankan pentingnya kompetensi multikultural, komunikasi empatik, dan refleksi berkelanjutan untuk menciptakan layanan yang inklusif dan adaptif. Layanan ini juga menjadi sarana strategis dalam menanamkan nilai toleransi, empati, serta keadilan sosial kepada siswa. Kesimpulannya, layanan bimbingan klasikal dalam konteks multikultural perlu dirancang secara holistik agar mendukung terciptanya lingkungan belajar yang aman, terbuka, dan memberdayakan bagi semua siswa.

Revolusi Industri 4.0 mendorong lahirnya Pendidikan 4.0 yang terintegrasi dengan teknologi digital. Perubahan ini berdampak signifikan pada seluruh sistem pendidikan, termasuk Pendidikan Agama Kristen (PAK). PAK memiliki mandat unik, yaitu membentuk manusia seutuhnya berdasarkan nilai-nilai Alkitab, sehingga harus responsif terhadap perkembangan teknologi tanpa kehilangan integritas teologisnya. Tantangan utama terletak pada keterbatasan kompetensi guru dalam mengintegrasikan teknologi dengan pendekatan pembelajaran yang relevan. Dalam konteks ini, pembelajaran adaptif muncul sebagai strategi pedagogis yang menyesuaikan metode, materi, dan tempo dengan karakteristik peserta didik. Melalui pembelajaran adaptif, guru PAK dapat memanfaatkan teknologi untuk menciptakan pengalaman belajar yang kontekstual, personal, dan bermakna.Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan metode studi pustaka, mengkaji literatur terkini terkait PAK, pembelajaran adaptif, dan teknologi pendidikan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa integrasi pembelajaran adaptif dan teknologi dalam PAK mampu menjawab tantangan Pendidikan 4.0 dengan memfasilitasi diferensiasi pengajaran, penilaian formatif, dan kolaborasi lintas pihak. Teknologi berperan sebagai medium strategis untuk menyampaikan nilai iman dengan cara yang kreatif dan relevan, sementara pembelajaran adaptif memastikan relevansi materi sesuai kebutuhan peserta didik yang beragam.Kesimpulannya, PAK adaptif berbasis teknologi bukan hanya alternatif metodologis, tetapi strategi strategis yang harus dikembangkan secara berkelanjutan. Dengan dukungan kompetensi guru, infrastruktur teknologi, serta sinergi antara sekolah, gereja, dan keluarga, PAK dapat menjadi sarana pembentukan generasi Kristen yang matang secara intelektual, spiritual, dan moral di tengah dinamika global abad ke-21.

Introduction:This study examines facilities and infrastructure, which are crucial components in supporting the smooth running of hospital processes, particularly in the pharmacy department. Adequate facilities and infrastructure are essential for effective operational activities, although in reality, some healthcare facilities still do not meet established standards. Common problems encountered include limited storage space, inappropriate equipment, and a lack of professional pharmacists. The purpose of this study was to determine the drug storage facilities and infrastructure at M. Natsir Solok Regional General Hospital. The method used was descriptive quantitative, involving 15 logistics officers as respondents. Data were collected through observation, questionnaires, and documentation, then analyzed using SPSS. The results showed that storage facilities maintained appropriate temperatures in 60% of cases and inappropriate temperatures in 40%. Appropriate lighting in 53.3% and inappropriate lighting in 46.7% of cases, and appropriate ventilation in 73.3% and inappropriate ventilation in 26.7%. Regarding infrastructure, 26.7% of stainless steel shelves are in compliance, 60% of pharmacy cabinets, 53.3% of drug refrigerators, and 53.3% of cold storage facilities. In conclusion, the facilities and infrastructure at M. Natsir Solok Regional Hospital largely meet standards, but improvements are needed in ventilation, lighting, and the use of stainless steel shelves

The development of digital technology has had a significant impact on the world of education, one of which is the introduction of various new media in learning, such as Smart TV. Smart TV, with its interactive multimedia features, offers a great opportunity to improve the quality and effectiveness of learning, particularly in increasing the enthusiasm and interest in reading for elementary school students. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of utilizing Smart TV as a digital transformation medium in increasing students' interest in reading at MI Darun Najah, Srobyong, Mlonggo, Jepara. The method used is a descriptive qualitative case study approach, involving fourth and fifth grade students and class teachers as research subjects. Data collection was carried out through participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation to obtain a more comprehensive picture of the application of Smart TV in learning activities. The results of the study indicate that the use of Smart TV can increase active student engagement in the learning process. Students are more motivated and interested in reading, thanks to the attractive visual display and interactive multimedia features. Smart TV also creates a more enjoyable learning atmosphere, by integrating various types of media, such as images, videos, and text, which support learning. However, several obstacles were also found, including limited mastery of technology by teachers and limited time for technology integration in daily learning. Therefore, this study recommends ongoing training for teachers in operating Smart TVs and the development of a more flexible digital technology-based curriculum to maximize the benefits of using Smart TVs in elementary school learning. The study also suggests the need for regular evaluation of the effectiveness of Smart TV use in improving students' literacy skills.

Kampung Tua Tanjung Piayu merupakan salah satu permukiman pesisir di Kota Batam yang memiliki potensi ekologis dan sosial yang signifikan. Namun, kawasan ini menghadapi berbagai tantangan lingkungan sebagai akibat dari tekanan urbanisasi dan kurangnya infrastruktur dasar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kualitas lingkungan fisik permukiman dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Analisis dilakukan terhadap enam variabel: kepadatan bangunan, tata letak bangunan, vegetasi, lebar dan kondisi jalan, serta ketersediaan sarana dan prasarana. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi lapangan dan interpretasi citra satelit, lalu dianalisis menggunakan metode skoring tertimbang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar blok permukiman memiliki kepadatan dan vegetasi yang baik, namun masih lemah pada aspek keteraturan tata ruang dan fasilitas umum. Temuan ini menjadi dasar penting dalam merumuskan strategi perencanaan yang lebih inklusif dan berkelanjutan bagi pengembangan wilayah pesisir.

This study aims to describe the extent to which hobbyists perceive photography as a means of self-expression and anxiety reduction. Photography, as a form of visual art, provides a space for individuals to creatively express their emotions, thoughts, and life experiences. Through photography, individuals can convey things that are difficult to express verbally, including feelings of anxiety, stress, or confusion. The method used in this study is a qualitative method, where data is collected through in-depth interviews and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) to explore the subjective experiences of participants in more depth. The subjects in this study were 21-year-old students who have had a photography hobby for 4 to 5 years. The number of subjects in this study was 3 people who were selected purposively based on their active involvement in photography activities. Data analysis techniques used included interview transcription, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions based on the data collected from each subject. The results show that the three subjects have many similarities in their views on the psychological benefits of photography, despite differences in their respective focuses and approaches. In general, they stated that photography helps them express themselves, process and interpret past experiences, and reduce anxiety, especially in social situations or when interacting with others. Photography is also considered to increase self-confidence, provide a sense of control over situations, and serve as a medium for self-reflection. Thus, photography is not just a hobby, but also serves as a positive coping mechanism for maintaining mental health and emotional balance.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dampak kepemilikan sepeda motor terhadap keberlangsungan usaha ojek pangkalan di Pasar Kaliboto, Kecamatan Bener, Kabupaten Purworejo. Sepeda motor sebagai sarana transportasi utama bagi pengemudi ojek telah menjadi faktor penting dalam perkembangan usaha ojek pangkalan, baik dari sisi ekonomi, sosial, maupun mobilitas. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi, dan studi dokumentasi yang dilakukan terhadap pengemudi ojek pangkalan di Pasar Kaliboto. Fokus utama penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis bagaimana kepemilikan sepeda motor mempengaruhi pendapatan, produktivitas, serta hubungan sosial pengemudi ojek di pasar tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepemilikan sepeda motor memberikan dampak signifikan terhadap peningkatan pendapatan pengemudi ojek, karena mereka lebih mandiri dalam mencari penumpang dan dapat beroperasi lebih fleksibel. Selain itu, kepemilikan sepeda motor juga berkontribusi pada peningkatan kualitas hidup pengemudi, terutama dalam hal kemampuan finansial dan aksesibilitas terhadap berbagai kebutuhan. Namun, tantangan seperti biaya perawatan sepeda motor, biaya operasional, dan persaingan dengan pengemudi ojek online juga menjadi faktor yang mempengaruhi kesejahteraan pengemudi ojek pangkalan. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan pentingnya dukungan kebijakan yang lebih baik, seperti pelatihan keterampilan, bantuan finansial, dan peningkatan sistem transportasi lokal, agar pengemudi ojek pangkalan dapat lebih berdaya saing dan sejahtera.