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This study aims to implement Business Intelligence using Microsoft Power BI to support network disturbance monitoring based on trend analysis. The main problem addressed in this research is that network disturbance data has only been used as documentation, resulting in suboptimal monitoring and data analysis processes. The data used in this study consists of historical network disturbance data, including information on disturbance location, type of disturbance, occurrence time, and resolution duration. The research methodology includes data collection, data preprocessing, implementation of a Business Intelligence dashboard, and trend analysis using interactive visualizations in Microsoft Power BI. The developed dashboard consists of Key Performance Indicators (KPI), interactive filters, line charts, pie charts, bar charts, and table visuals to support a more effective and structured network monitoring process. The results show that the implementation of the Business Intelligence dashboard is capable of supporting real-time, interactive, and user-friendly monitoring of network disturbances. The trend analysis results indicate that the number of network disturbances fluctuated each month, with the highest number occurring in August and the lowest in November. In addition, the dominant types of disturbances were identified as Supporting Facilities and Electrical Problems. Based on functional testing and user testing results, all dashboard features performed successfully and were considered effective in supporting monitoring activities and data-driven decision making.  

This study aims to analyze the reconceptualization of national security in the digital era through the case of the 2021 Facebook data breach involving 533 million users across 106 countries. As digital technologies become increasingly integrated into governance, economic activities, and social interactions, cyber threats have emerged as a significant challenge to contemporary security frameworks. This research employs a qualitative descriptive approach using library research methods, drawing upon academic literature, official reports, and relevant policy documents. The findings indicate that national security has evolved from a traditional military-centered concept toward a broader and multidimensional framework that includes cyber threats as a form of non-traditional security challenge. The Facebook data breach demonstrates how cyber threats transcend geographical boundaries, involve complex attribution problems, and generate multidimensional impacts on individuals, societies, economies, and states. Through the lens of Securitization Theory developed by Buzan, Wæver, and de Wilde (1998), the incident illustrates how data security has become securitized as a matter of national and international concern. Furthermore, the Human Security framework proposed by UNDP (1994) highlights the vulnerability of individuals whose personal information becomes exposed in the digital environment. This study concludes that cybersecurity should be recognized as a fundamental pillar of national security in the digital age, requiring comprehensive strategies that integrate technological resilience, data protection regulations, human resource development, and international cooperation.

This study aims to analyze the role of educational psychology management in improving students' emotional well-being through a literature review approach. The study is motivated by the increasing emotional problems experienced by students due to academic pressures, social demands, and technological developments in the digital era. Research data were obtained from various relevant scientific articles published between 2022 and 2025 and accessed through academic databases. The analysis process was conducted by reviewing, comparing, and synthesizing research findings related to educational psychology management and students' emotional well-being. The results of the review indicate that effective educational psychology management can be implemented through empathetic approaches in learning, academic stress management, the development of emotional regulation skills, and the integration of spiritual values into the educational process. These approaches have been proven to create a conducive, safe, and supportive learning environment that optimally promotes students' emotional development. In addition, guidance and counseling services, as well as the implementation of humanistic learning management, play a significant role in maintaining students' psychological stability. Therefore, educational psychology management serves as an important strategy in realizing an educational system that is not only oriented toward academic achievement but also focused on enhancing students' overall emotional well-being.

This community service activity aimed to improve financial literacy and family financial management skills based on priority scales among housewives in the pandan mat weaving artisan community in Sei Balai District, Batubara Regency, North Sumatra Province. The main problems faced by the community partners included limited understanding of simple financial record-keeping, the absence of separation between business and household finances, and low saving habits due to fluctuating income levels. The implementation method employed a participatory approach through observation, lectures, interactive discussions, household budgeting practices, and simple financial recording training. The results of the activity indicated that participants experienced an improvement in their understanding of the importance of distinguishing between needs and wants, arranging expenditure priorities, and developing saving habits as well as preparing family emergency funds. In addition, participants also began to recognize the importance of financial record-keeping as an effort to control household expenditures more effectively and efficiently. The participants’ enthusiasm throughout the program demonstrated that the materials delivered were highly relevant to community needs. Therefore, this outreach activity contributed positively to enhancing family financial management capabilities and supporting the economic well-being of the pandan mat weaving artisan community.

This community service activity aimed to improve financial literacy and family financial management skills based on priority scales among housewives in the pandan mat weaving artisan community in Sei Balai District, Batubara Regency, North Sumatra Province. The main problems faced by the community partners included limited understanding of simple financial record-keeping, the absence of separation between business and household finances, and low saving habits due to fluctuating income levels. The implementation method employed a participatory approach through observation, lectures, interactive discussions, household budgeting practices, and simple financial recording training. The results of the activity indicated that participants experienced an improvement in their understanding of the importance of distinguishing between needs and wants, arranging expenditure priorities, and developing saving habits as well as preparing family emergency funds. In addition, participants also began to recognize the importance of financial record-keeping as an effort to control household expenditures more effectively and efficiently. The participants’ enthusiasm throughout the program demonstrated that the materials delivered were highly relevant to community needs. Therefore, this outreach activity contributed positively to enhancing family financial management capabilities and supporting the economic well-being of the pandan mat weaving artisan community.

Nurse workload is the total number or volume of tasks that must be completed by nurses during their professional practice in hospitals, including both physical and mental responsibilities in providing nursing care to patients. Meanwhile, nurse burnout is a condition of emotional and mental fatigue experienced by nurses due to prolonged work pressure and the high intensity of emotional demands in the hospital environment. However, workload problems are still commonly found in hospitals, with one of the main contributing factors being work stress caused by excessive job demands and continuous pressure during work activities. The population in this study were outpatient, inpatient and emergency nurses at Ibnu Sina Islamic Hospital, Bukittinggi in 2025 This study used a quantitative method with a cross-sectional approach, analyzing the relationship between one variable and another. This study had 130 samples consisting of outpatient nurses, inpatient nurses, and emergency room nurses. Sampling was carried out using a total sampling technique. The results of this study indicate a significant relationship between workload and burnout at a significance level of 0.00 (≤ 0.05). There is a significant relationship between workload and nurse fatigue at Ibnu Sina Islamic Hospital Bukittinggi in 2025.

The urgency of this research lies in the increasing risk of flooding and air pollution in Makassar City due to rapid urbanisation and the uncontrolled growth of motorised vehicles. The purpose of this study is to analyse the potential of urban planning and sustainable mobility policies in reducing disaster risks and environmental impacts, and to formulate more adaptive and data-driven policy strategies. This study uses qualitative methods by collecting data through interviews, documentation, observation, and focus group discussions (FGDs). Key informants include the Environmental Agency, the Spatial Planning Agency, and the Makassar Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD), which have strategic roles in spatial planning policies, environmental management, and disaster mitigation. The study findings indicate that flood risk and air pollution in Makassar City are complex problems influenced by population growth, land conversion, vehicle density, limited drainage, climate change, and industrial waste. Although various urban planning policies have been implemented, their effectiveness remains limited due to implementation constraints. Therefore, an integrated approach that combines adaptive urban planning, environmentally friendly mobility, effective waste management, and community participation is needed. With a systemic and coordinated strategy, Makassar has the potential to reduce flood risk, reduce pollution, and create a safer, healthier, and more sustainable urban environment.

Adolescents have low levels of physical activity, one of which is caused by poor perceptions of the components of the Health Belief Model (HBM), while a sedentary lifestyle increases the risk of long-term health problems. This study aims to describe the HBM (perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, self-efficacy, and cues to action) in students before counseling, and analyze the differences in HBM (perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers) after counseling with film media. The study used a quasi-experimental design with a cross-sectional approach, involving 51 eighth-grade students of SMP PGRI 363 Pondok Petir who were selected using a total sampling technique. Data were collected using pre-test and post-test questionnaires, then analyzed descriptively using the median as the cut-off point. The results showed an increase in all four HBM constructs evaluated: perceived susceptibility increased by 50.0% (median 14 to 21), perceived severity increased by 44.4% (18 to 26), perceived benefits increased by 44.0% (25 to 36), and perceived barriers increased by 54.5% (11 to 17). Before the counseling, the majority of students were in the medium category for self-efficacy (65%) and cues to action (96%), but these two constructs were not re-evaluated after the counseling. Further research is needed to fully measure the increase in students' HBM perceptions of physical activity through film media.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the global, national, and regional health problems. DM often requires complex medications and lifestyle management that can impact patients’ daily life, including spiritual practices such as fasting during Ramadhan. For Muslims with DM, fasting during Ramadhan can be challenging due to the need to modify the treatment regimens and risk of hypoglycemia.  This study aimed to analyze the effects of education intervention regarding Ramadhan fasting on knowledge improvement and blood glucose of patient with DM type 2. This study used a case study design involving three patients with DM type 2. All three respondents received education from the researchers. The patients’ knowledge and fasting blood glucose were measured before and after the intervention. The results of this study showed an improvement in knowledge in DM patients after the intervention, while fasting blood sugar results remained unchanged. Based on the results of the study, diabetes mellitus (DM) management education during fasting has been potentially effective in improving respondents' knowledge and prevent hypoglycemia during Ramadhan fasting. In conclusion, education alone is benefit in increasing patient’s knowledge and may prevent hypoglycemia during Ramadhan fasting.

Interpersonal problems within peer groups often become serious obstacles to the psychological and academic development of college students. This study aims to empirically examine the effectiveness of individual counseling services using cognitive restructuring techniques in reducing withdrawal behavior among college students experiencing peer conflict. The research method employed is a quantitative experiment with a Single-Subject Design approach, specifically utilizing an A-B design. The research subject  was a 6th-semester female college student, initialized as N, who experienced cognitive distortions in the form of feelings of exclusion by her five-member peer group, which triggered acute social withdrawal behavior (isolating herself in her boarding house). Data collection was conducted through a validated withdrawal behavior scale instrument, supported by clinical observations and in-depth interviews during the baseline phase (A) and the intervention phase (B). The results of the visual analysis within-conditions and between-conditions indicated a significant decrease in withdrawal behavior scores after the implementation of 4 intervention sessions. The subject was able to identify negative automatic thoughts (arbitrary inference), replace them with rational mindsets (positive thinking), feel more relieved, and commit to self-improvement. The implications of this study prove that individual counseling with cognitive restructuring techniques can be an effective intervention strategy for campus counselors to overcome cognitive distortions and interpersonal communication barriers in college students.

The rapid development of digital technology and changes in consumer behavior require Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) to adapt in marketing and service aspects. Rumah Makan Padang Sari Bundo, a culinary MSME located in Pasir Gadung, Cikupa, faced several problems, including limited use of social media, underutilization of digital platforms such as Google Maps, and the absence of cashless payment systems. This community service activity aimed to improve business competitiveness through the digitalization of marketing and services. The method applied was the PDCA (Plan-Do-Check-Act) approach, consisting of planning, implementation, evaluation, and follow-up stages. The implementation included creating Instagram and WhatsApp Business accounts, optimizing Google Maps, and applying the QRIS digital payment system. The results showed increased business visibility, easier customer access to information, and improved transaction convenience through cashless payments. Furthermore, digitalization enabled the MSME to become more adaptive to technological developments and modern consumer needs. Therefore, digital transformation at Rumah Makan Padang Sari Bundo represents an important step in supporting business sustainability and improving competitiveness in the digital era.

The concrete block business is one of the micro-enterprises that develops in Wairotang Village and plays an important role in fulfilling the community’s need for building materials. However, in its development, sales fluctuate from year to year, which is assumed to be influenced by the level of consumer trust and the quality of the products produced. In addition, several problems still occur, such as concrete blocks that crack easily, inconsistent sizes, and varying levels of strength, leading consumers to hesitate in making repeat purchases. This study aimed to determine the influence of consumer trust and product quality on purchasing decisions of concrete blocks in Wairotang Village. The independent variables in this study were consumer trust and product quality, while the dependent variable was purchasing decision. This study was motivated by fluctuations in concrete block sales and the persistence of consumer doubts regarding product quality, including easily cracked blocks, inconsistent sizes, and varying strength levels. These conditions resulted in suboptimal consumer trust, which in turn affected purchasing decisions. This study used a quantitative research method. The population consisted of consumers of concrete blocks in Wairotang Village, and the sampling technique was purposive sampling. Data collection was conducted through questionnaires, observations, interviews, and documentation. The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, validity tests, reliability tests, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression analysis, t-tests, F-tests, and the coefficient of determination ($\text{R}^2$). The results were expected to show that consumer trust and product quality have a positive and significant influence on purchasing decisions of concrete blocks in Wairotang Village, both partially and simultaneously. A higher level of consumer trust and better product quality lead to increased purchasing decisions. Therefore, concrete block business actors will need to maintain product quality and build good relationships with consumers in order to improve purchasing decisions and ensure business sustainability.  

The observation of guidance and counseling activities was conducted at SDN 2 Pasaleman, located in Pasaleman Village, Kresna Street, Dusun Pon. This study aimed to identify the problems faced by students and to examine the role of teachers in implementing guidance and counseling services at the elementary school level. Data were collected through direct observation in the school environment and interviews with homeroom teachers. The results indicated several student-related issues, including verbal bullying such as teasing, low learning motivation, fighting behavior among lower-grade students, and a tendency to skip school among upper-grade students. These issues were influenced by peer environments, limited supervision, and low awareness of the importance of education. Teachers have made various efforts, including providing guidance, applying individual approaches, and maintaining communication with parents. Additionally, character values are integrated into daily learning activities. In general, guidance and counseling services have been implemented, but further improvement in more systematic strategies and broader support is still required.

Cigarette smoke is a major source of free radicals that can cause various health problems, including disturbances in the male reproductive system. Nicotine and other harmful compounds in cigarettes increase oxidative stress and interfere with spermatogenesis. Gotu Kola (Centella asiatica) is a medicinal plant known for its antioxidant properties that may help neutralize free radicals. This study aimed to determine the effect of Gotu Kola leaf extract on the histopathological features of the testes in male Wistar rats exposed to cigarette smoke. An experimental study using a Post-Test Only Control Group Design was conducted on 24 rats divided into six groups: a normal group, a negative control group exposed to cigarette smoke, a positive control group treated with vitamin E, and three treatment groups receiving Gotu Kola extract at doses of 120, 180, and 240 mg/kg body weight for 28 days. The observed parameters were Leydig cell count and seminiferous tubule diameter. One-way ANOVA analysis showed that Gotu Kola extract significantly increased Leydig cell numbers and seminiferous tubule diameter in all treatment groups compared to the negative control group (p < 0.05). Post hoc analysis demonstrated significant differences in tubule diameter, with the highest improvement observed at the 240 mg/kg body weight dose. These findings indicate that Gotu Kola extract has potential protective effects against testicular damage caused by cigarette smoke exposure.

Flooding is one of the most frequent disasters in DKI Jakarta and contributes not only to physical and economic losses but also to the emergence of various psychological problems among affected communities. This study aims to analyze the psychological impacts of post-flood disasters, particularly among vulnerable groups such as children and the elderly, and to examine the effects of repeated flood exposure on mental health conditions. This study employs a literature review method with a qualitative descriptive approach through the identification and synthesis of relevant scientific sources. Data analysis was conducted using content analysis to identify patterns, relationships, and trends in research findings. The results indicate that flooding is associated with psychological disorders such as stress, anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), with varying levels of severity. Repeated exposure to flooding has been shown to increase individuals’ vulnerability to mental health problems and reduce psychological well-being. However, protective factors such as social support, religiosity, emotional regulation abilities, and adaptive coping strategies play a significant role in strengthening resilience and accelerating psychological recovery. The findings highlight the importance of a holistic disaster management approach that integrates mental health services, strengthens community capacity, and enhances preparedness education to improve the psychological resilience of flood-affected communities.

This study was conducted based on the crucial role of diesel generator engines as the primary source of electrical power on board ships, making their operational reliability essential. One of the factors influencing generator engine performance is lubricating oil temperature. Excessive lubricating oil temperature may reduce lubrication effectiveness, increase friction between moving components, and lower engine efficiency. Therefore, this research aimed to identify the causes of high lubricating oil temperature in diesel generator engines and determine appropriate corrective actions. The study employed a descriptive quantitative approach. Data were collected through direct observation, interviews, and documentation during sea practice aboard MV. CL FLANDERS from 4 July 2024 to 5 July 2025. The data were analyzed using simple linear regression to examine the relationship between generator load and lubricating oil temperature. The findings revealed that generator load had a significant effect on the increase in lubricating oil temperature. Under normal operating conditions, the lubricating oil temperature ranged from 60°C to 72°C, while under abnormal conditions it increased to between 68°C and 81°C. The abnormal rise in temperature was mainly caused by cooling system problems, particularly a dirty LO cooler, scale deposits on the sea water pump impeller, and blockage in the cooling capillary pipes. The regression equation under normal conditions was Y = 45 + 0.30X, whereas under abnormal conditions it was Y = 53.5 + 0.30X. Elevated lubricating oil temperature resulted in lower oil viscosity, higher fuel consumption, and reduced diesel generator engine performance. Therefore, regular maintenance of the LO cooler, sea water pump, and continuous temperature monitoring are necessary to maintain optimum engine performance.

This study aims to formulate an information system strategic planning model for PT Athria Cipta Mandiri using the Ward and Peppard method. The research was conducted because the company still faces several problems in managing tender and construction project data, such as unintegrated systems between divisions, semi-digital administrative processes, repeated data input, the absence of a centralized database, and project reporting that has not been carried out in real time. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and literature study. The analysis was conducted using Value Chain, PESTEL, SWOT, Critical Success Factor, McFarlan Strategic Grid, and application portfolio recommendations. The results show that PT Athria Cipta Mandiri needs an integrated information system for tender and project management, web-based project reporting and monitoring, a document management system, business intelligence dashboard, centralized cloud database, and stronger IT governance. The proposed strategy is expected to improve operational efficiency, data accuracy, inter-division coordination, and data-based managerial decision making.

For every child to receive an equal education, inclusive education at the early childhood education (PAUD) level is a strategic step. The purpose of this study is to thoroughly study the basic concepts of inclusive education in early childhood, identify various types of specific challenges for Children with Special Needs (ABK) in regular classes, and evaluate how effective the use of inclusive learning methods is in optimizing child development. This study uses a literature review with a descriptive qualitative approach. Secondary data were analyzed using content analysis. According to the study, teachers in regular classes face multidimensional characteristics of ABK. These obstacles include visual impairment, deafness, mental retardation, physical disability, emotional retardation/ADHD, autism, and exceptional intelligence. To overcome these problems, it has been proven that the use of assistive technology, a more flexible curriculum, individualized learning programs (IPC) based on initial assessment, varied teaching methods, and a friendly environment can be helpful. This study shows that teachers are not the only key to the success of inclusive education. This requires strong multi-stakeholder collaboration between the government, schools, special education teachers (GPK), professionals, and parents to address facility challenges and eliminate existing stigma in the field.

The academic transition phase among tenth-grade students represents an important period that requires the ability to adjust to changes in the environment, academic demands, and increasingly complex social dynamics. This study aims to analyze psychosocial dynamics in the student adaptation process during the academic transition phase through a literature review approach. The method employed was a library research study by examining various relevant scientific sources related to adolescent psychosocial development, adaptation processes, psychosocial impacts, and strategies for addressing students’ adaptation problems. The results of the review indicate that the adaptation process is influenced by both internal and external factors. Internal factors include emotional condition, coping ability, and self-control, while external factors include support from family, peers, teachers, and the school environment. Students’ inability to adapt may lead to anxiety, low self-confidence, academic difficulties, and obstacles in social interaction. Efforts to support students’ adaptation process can be carried out through strengthening social support, optimizing guidance and counseling services, and implementing self-management techniques to enhance students’ self-regulation abilities. With appropriate support and intervention strategies, students are expected to navigate the academic transition phase more effectively and develop optimally in psychological, social, and academic aspects.

Dijkstra's algorithm is one of the algorithms in graph theory that is used to solve the problem of the shortest path of a graph at each vertex that has a non-negative value. This algorithm was discovered by Edsger Wybe Dijkstra, a scientist from the Netherlands. The search for the shortest route for product delivery can be calculated through the application of the Dijkstra algorithm in the problem being faced. The problem of decision making for selecting the shortest route is still manual, so it experiences several obstacles, including the absence of a systematic and computerized system to assist the decision-making process in determining the route for shipping goods, the determination of shipping routes still depends on manual estimates so that the time taken between deliveries becomes inconsistent, the operational costs of shipping are relatively high because there is no optimal route determination system. Facing these problems, a system is needed that can minimize delays and increase effectiveness in shipping goods, namely determining the shortest route using the Dijkstra algorithm. This system works by finding various alternative routes for shipping goods at PT AMSA to address various structured and unstructured problems using data and models. To process this data and models, a method called the Dijkstra algorithm is required. Based on the description above, researchers will create a method for determining the shortest route for shipping goods at PT AMSA using the Dijkstra algorithm to facilitate the company's process of determining the shortest route.