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Background: Sectio Caesarea (SC) is a surgical procedure to deliver the fetus through an incision in the abdominal and uterine wall. Patients with a history of previous sectio caesarea frequently experience acute pain, risk of infection, and lack of knowledge regarding post-SC contraception, requiring comprehensive nursing care. Objective: To describe the application of nursing care in a patient with post-operative sectio caesarea with a history of sectio caesarea indication. Methods: This study used a descriptive method with a case study approach. Data were collected through interviews, observation, documentation, and relevant literature review. Results: Assessment of Ny. S revealed three nursing diagnoses: acute pain, knowledge deficit, and risk of infection. Interventions included pain management, family planning (KB) health education, and infection prevention through wound care. Following nursing interventions, the knowledge deficit resolved completely, while acute pain and risk of infection were partially resolved. Conclusion: Systematic nursing care can effectively address nursing problems in post-SC patients and improve patient health outcomes.

Introduction: Non-Hemorrhagic Stroke (NHS) or ischemic stroke is the most common type of stroke resulting from blood vessel blockage that inhibits oxygen supply to brain tissue. The prevalence of stroke in Indonesia was recorded at 10.9 cases per 1,000 population in 2013 and increased to 70 cases per 1,000 population (equivalent to 7.0%) in 2017. At RSUD dr. Soeselo, Tegal Regency, the prevalence of stroke cases was recorded at 647 people (3.74%) in 2023, 682 people (3.94%) in 2024, and 1,120 people (6.48%) in 2025. These cases frequently cause impairments in physical, emotional, cognitive, and social functioning, necessitating comprehensive care and management. Writing Method: This scientific writing used descriptive narrative methods through a nursing process approach, aiming to describe nursing care in patients with Non-Hemorrhagic Stroke. Results: Four nursing diagnoses were identified in Ny. M with Non-Hemorrhagic Stroke: ineffective cerebral perfusion risk, impaired physical mobility, knowledge deficit, and fall risk. Nursing interventions included intracranial pressure increase management, neurological monitoring, intravenous medication administration, mobilization support, health education, and fall prevention. Conclusion: After two days of nursing implementation, 2 nursing diagnoses were resolved and 2 others were partially resolved: ineffective cerebral perfusion risk via discharge planning delegated to the ward nurse, and impaired physical mobility with discharge planning including recommendations for gradual passive range of motion exercises and continued family involvement in patient care.

Background: Gout arthritis is a metabolic disease caused by excessive uric acid levels in the blood (hyperuricemia), which leads to monosodium urate crystal deposition in the joints. Globally, the prevalence of gout arthritis ranges from 1–4% of the general population. In Indonesia, the national prevalence reaches approximately 7.3% based on medical diagnosis, and in Brebes Regency, cases reach 62.4%. At the Tonjong Health Center service area, the prevalence of gout arthritis in Karanganyar Hamlet, Tonjong Village, reaches 2.04%. Gout arthritis requires comprehensive nursing care including pain management and health education to prevent recurrence. Objective: To implement nursing care for Ny. S, family of Tn. S, with musculoskeletal system disorder: gout arthritis in Karanganyar Hamlet, Tonjong Village, Tonjong District, Brebes Regency. Method: This study used a case study design with a single patient/family subject. Data collection was conducted through interview, observation, physical examination, and study documentation on December 26–27, 2025 at the patient's home. Results: Assessment revealed Ny. S (72 years) experienced acute pain in the right knee joint with a pain scale of 3/10 and uric acid level of 7.3 mg/dL, along with knowledge deficit regarding gout arthritis. Two nursing diagnoses were established: acute pain and knowledge deficit. Nursing interventions included pain management education, non-pharmacological therapy (turmeric decoction), pharmacological therapy (allopurinol), and health education. Implementation was conducted over two visits. Evaluation results showed that acute pain was partially resolved (pain scale reduced to 2/10, uric acid 7.2 mg/dL) and knowledge deficit was resolved. Conclusion: Nursing care for patients with gout arthritis through pain management and health education can reduce pain intensity and improve family knowledge about the disease. Non-pharmacological intervention with turmeric decoction contributed to decreasing uric acid levels and pain. Keywords: gout arthritis, acute pain, knowledge deficit, family nursing care, non-pharmacological therapy

This research aims to examine how the functions of Christian counseling (preventive, curative, developmental, and pastoral) can be integrated into the practice of Christian Religious Education as an effective strategy to support adolescents’ faith development. The background of this study arises from the fact that adolescents experience a crisis of faith that is not only related to theological aspects but also affects their psychological and emotional well-being. On the other hand, christian religious education practices in schools often remain focused on the transfer of doctrinal knowledge without being balanced by adequate personal guidance. This study applies a qualitative method through literature review and conceptual analysis of christian counseling theory, theories of adolescent faith development, and pedagogical practices in christian religious education. The findings indicate that integrating Christian counseling functions into the design of christian religious education learning can create a dialogical, reflective, and pastoral classroom atmosphere, providing opportunities for adolescents to develop spiritual discernment, self-awareness, and the ability to make responsible moral decisions. This article discusses the relevance of counseling to adolescents’ spiritual development, the characteristics of their faith development, the challenges of implementing counseling in Christian educational institutions, and the design of learning based on dialogue, reflection, and mentoring. In this way, the integration of christian counseling in christian religious education is considered a holistic approach that enriches the meaning of faith education and supports adolescents’ faith growth in a contextual, profound, and sustainable manner.

This study aims to explore how the inquiry approach functions as a pedagogical strategy in Christian Religious Education to enhance students’ spiritual discernment. The background of this research arises from the tendency of learning practices that remain predominantly focused on cognitive aspects, thereby not fully cultivating spiritual sensitivity in life decision-making. This study employs a qualitative method with a descriptive-analytical approach through a review of theological and pedagogical literature, conceptual analysis, and reflection on classroom learning practices. The analysis focuses on the relationship between the core elements of inquiry questioning, investigating, dialoguing, and reflecting on knowledge and the process of developing the ability to discern God’s will in the real-life contexts of students. The findings indicate that inquiry effectively creates a reflective learning experience that integrates cognitive, affective, and behavioral dimensions, enabling students not only to understand faith teachings theoretically but also to consider Christian values in concrete situations. This approach encourages active participation, constructive and critical dialogue, and fosters habits of faith reflection, moral sensitivity, and personal responsibility. Thus, inquiry is proven to be a relevant pedagogical method for achieving the theological goal of Christian Religious Education, namely the formation of spiritual discernment that guides students’ attitudes, decisions, and actions in daily life.

This study examines how tax knowledge, the use of e-filing systems, and the enforcement of tax penalties influence individual taxpayers’ compliance in filing annual tax returns. Tax compliance is a critical factor for the sustainability of government revenue, yet public compliance rates remain suboptimal. The research employs a quantitative approach with an associative causal design, involving 131 respondents in West Jakarta selected through convenience sampling. The instrument, consisting of a questionnaire with 34 items, was tested for validity and reliability and then analyzed using multiple linear regression with the aid of SPSS. The results of the analysis indicate that tax knowledge, the use of e-filing, and tax penalties have a positive effect—both partially and simultaneously—on compliance with annual tax return filing. These findings underscore the need to improve tax literacy, strengthen the e-filing system, and ensure consistent enforcement of penalties to encourage compliance. This study provides an empirical basis for the development of more inclusive and efficient tax policies and supports the government’s strategy to optimize state revenue by raising taxpayer awareness and fostering a sense of responsibility.

Substance and prescription drug misuse among adolescents continues to escalate and demands targeted preventive strategies within the school setting. This community service activity aimed to enhance students’ knowledge about the hazards of drug abuse through an interactive, school-based educational intervention. The program was conducted on 11 November 2026 at SMA Negeri 7 Kota Batam, involving fifty grade-X students as participants. A pre-experimental one-group pretest–posttest design was employed. The intervention combined interactive lectures, real-case illustrations, and two-way discussion, with knowledge measured using a content-validated questionnaire covering ten indicators. The mean score improved from 55.2 (pretest) to 86.3 (posttest), a gain of 31.1 points, while the proportion of correct answers across indicators rose from 48.6-62.9% to 80.0-91.4%. The largest gains appeared on items concerning rational drug use and the importance of professional health guidance, whereas the legal-consequence indicator improved more modestly. Interactive, contextually relevant education proves effective in elevating adolescent knowledge of drug abuse hazards, with stronger gains on experience-near content than on abstract regulatory aspects.

This study aims to analyze environmentally based science learning as an effort to enhance ecological awareness among elementary/Islamic elementary school (SD/MI) students through a literature review approach. The method employed is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) by examining reputable scientific articles published between 2020 and 2026. Data were collected through documentation, with literature selected using purposive sampling based on topic relevance, while data analysis utilized content analysis techniques to identify patterns, characteristics, and key findings across studies. The results indicate that environmentally based science learning is characterized by the integration of scientific concepts with real environmental contexts, the use of contextual approaches, and the application of active learning models such as problem-based learning, project-based learning, and inquiry learning. This approach has been proven to play a significant role in enhancing students’ ecological awareness, including knowledge, attitudes, and environmentally responsible behaviors. However, its implementation still faces several challenges, such as limited facilities, teacher competencies, and suboptimal integration into the curriculum. Additionally, research gaps remain, particularly regarding the lack of studies examining long-term impacts on students’ ecological behavior. Therefore, more innovative learning strategies and more comprehensive future research are needed.

This study examines human resource competence in improving financial management at the Public Service Agency of Gorontalo State University, a public higher education institution that operates under a flexible financial management model while remaining accountable for public funds. The main problem addressed is how financial management personnel translate regulatory knowledge, technical skills, and professional attitudes into efficient, effective, and accountable financial governance. This study aims to analyze the competence of financial management personnel and explain its contribution to strengthening institutional financial management. A qualitative descriptive approach was employed through interviews, observation, and document analysis involving bureau leaders, financial work team officials, treasurers, and financial managers across relevant work units. The findings show that knowledge competence is reflected in personnel understanding of regulations, policies, financial systems, budgeting procedures, reporting requirements, and the linkage between budget and institutional performance. Skills competence is demonstrated through financial administration, transaction recording, document verification, use of financial information systems, reconciliation, reporting, and preparation of accountability documents. Attitudinal competence appears in professionalism, compliance, integrity, prudence, responsibility, and openness to evaluation and audit. Financial management has been directed toward performance-based planning, expenditure control, budget realization monitoring, reporting, supervision, and audit follow-up. However, challenges remain in regulatory adaptation, system integration, data quality, document timeliness, account-code accuracy, inter-unit coordination, and consistency of audit follow-up. The study concludes that strengthening human resource competence is essential for improving financial management that is efficient, effective, accountable, and performance-oriented in public university financial governance.

Universities are educational institutions that have an important role in addressing various problems in rural areas by motivating, empowering, and broadening the perspectives of local communities. Through community service activities, universities can contribute to improving community skills and encouraging economic independence. This community service program aims to foster an entrepreneurial spirit among female farmers in APK Bandung Village, Selupu Rejang District, through training and assistance in producing pineapple-flavored papaya jam as a value-added agricultural product. The program was conducted in November 2025 and involved one partner, namely the Srikandi Women's Farmers Group (Kelompok Wanita Tani/KWT) 02 of APK Bandung Village. The implementation stages included socialization, product-making demonstrations, mentoring, monitoring, and evaluation activities. These stages were designed to enhance participants’ knowledge and practical skills in processing local agricultural commodities into marketable products. Out of 20 registered members of KWT Srikandi, 17 members attended and actively participated in the program. The results of the evaluation, based on questionnaires distributed to participants, showed that approximately 64.70% of the members demonstrated an entrepreneurial spirit. These findings indicate that the program contributed positively to increasing entrepreneurial awareness and encouraging the development of small-scale rural business opportunities among female farmers.

This study aims to analyze the influence of product knowledge, corporate image, relationship marketing, and trust on customers’ savings decisions at Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI) KCP Jakarta Duri Kosambi, as well as examine the moderating effect of word of mouth in the relationship between these variables. The background of this research is based on the relatively low number of customers at BSI KCP Jakarta Duri Kosambi, which only reached 515 customers by the end of 2023, despite the large Muslim population in Cengkareng District, which represents a significant potential market for Islamic banking services. This study employs a quantitative research method using a questionnaire distributed to 100 customers selected through accidental sampling techniques. The data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) with the assistance of SmartPLS 4.0 software. The results indicate that product knowledge, corporate image, relationship marketing, and trust each have a significant positive effect on savings decisions, as reflected in their respective path coefficients and t-statistics. Furthermore, word of mouth is found to significantly moderate only the relationship between relationship marketing and savings decisions, while its moderating effect on product knowledge, corporate image, and trust is not significant. These findings suggest that BSI KCP Jakarta Duri Kosambi should strengthen marketing strategies focusing on customer knowledge, institutional image, relationship quality, and trust to enhance customers’ savings decisions.  

Background: Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is an abnormal cell growth in the liver characterized by increased number of dividing liver cells accompanied by malignant transformation. A common paraneoplastic phenomenon in HCC patients is hypoglycemia, which arises due to hepatic dysfunction impairing gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis, as well as tumor-mediated IGF-II production. This condition causes hypoglycemia as a primary nursing problem requiring comprehensive nursing care. Objective: To describe the nursing care process for a patient with HCC focusing on blood glucose instability management and knowledge deficit intervention. Methods: This study used a descriptive qualitative method through a case study approach. Data were collected through interview, observation, documentation study, and literature review. Results: Two nursing diagnoses were identified: blood glucose instability related to hepatic dysfunction and knowledge deficit related to lack of information exposure. Nursing interventions performed included hypoglycemia management and disease process education. After 2x24 hours of nursing implementation, both diagnoses were partially resolved, as GDS values remained fluctuating and behavioral change had not been fully achieved. Conclusion: Comprehensive nursing management through routine blood glucose monitoring, dextrose administration, nutritional modification, and health education can improve blood glucose stability and patient knowledge in HCC patients.

This community service study investigates a marketing training program implemented by theology students of STT Kadesi Bogor at the GPIA Sidoasri congregation in Sumbermanjing Wetan District, Malang Regency, East Java. The program targeted eighteen women members of the congregation to improve their economic capacity through the marketing of low-cost everyday clothing via three channels: door-to-door sales, a small storefront at the church, and online commerce through TikTok. The study applied a pre- test/post-test design evaluated using the Normalized Gain (N-Gain) method to measure changes in knowledge and skill across five indicators: marketing knowledge, selling skills, online media usage, basic financial recording, and entrepreneurial motivation. Results indicated a moderate-to-high N-Gain across all measured indicators, with an average N-Gain score of 0.656 (moderate category), and the highest individual gain in entrepreneurial motivation (0.76, high category). Sales data over the three-month period (January–March 2025) recorded a total profit of Rp1,967,500 across 345 garments sold, representing an income supplement of approximately 27–35% relative to participants' baseline household income for the most active participants. A marked sales decline in February and March was attributed to seasonal demand shifts ahead of Eid al-Fitr, as consumers redirected purchases toward formal Muslim attire. The program demonstrated that congregation-based economic empowerment rooted in a biblical theology of work, stewardship, and the dignity of labor can yield measurable and holistic socioeconomic outcomes for Christian women in rural communities.

This study aims to analyze in-depth cognitive learning theory and its implications for improving the effectiveness of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) teaching at the elementary school level. The adopted methodological approach is qualitative through library research, with the application of content analysis and theoretical synthesis techniques. Primary data sources were obtained from academic literature including textbooks, scientific journals, and the latest empirical research relevant within the last decade. The results of the analysis indicate that cognitive learning theory positions cognitive processes as the core of learning activities, allowing students to function as active agents in constructing knowledge through understanding, analysis, memory representation, and integration with pre-existing cognitive schemas. In the context of PAI, this approach enables meaningful learning through interactive pedagogical strategies such as collaborative discussions, problem-solving, case studies, and metacognitive reflection, which are empirically adapted to the stages of students' cognitive development. The implementation of cognitive theory significantly contributes to strengthening conceptual understanding, increasing learning engagement, developing critical thinking skills, transferring knowledge, and internalizing Islamic values. Thus, cognitive learning theory makes a substantial contribution to optimizing the effectiveness of PAI teaching in elementary schools through an interactive, systematic, and understanding-oriented approach.

Background: Community nursing is a service process that is a combination of nursing and public health. Family nursing care is health services focused on the family where the entire process from assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation to evaluation involves all family members both in healthy and sick conditions. The elderly are individuals in the age range of 60 years and above. Stroke is a disorder of brain function that appears suddenly accompanied by clinical signs both local and global in nature that last more than 24 hours caused by disruption of blood flow to the brain. Objective: To provide family nursing care to Tn. W with Neurological System Disorders: Stroke in Karangjati Village RT 02 RW 05 Tonjong District, Brebes Regency. Methods: This scientific paper is compiled using a descriptive narrative study approach following the stages of the nursing process including assessment, diagnosis, intervention, implementation, and evaluation. Data collection techniques include interviews, observation, physical examination, and documentation studies. Results: Nursing diagnoses that emerged were physical mobility impairment and knowledge deficit. Nursing interventions for physical mobility impairment included recognizing health problems and understanding stroke management, particularly related to mobilization through passive and active range of motion (ROM) exercises. For knowledge deficit, interventions included health education about stroke using educational media. Conclusion: After implementation over three days (December 27–29, 2025), the physical mobility impairment problem was partially resolved and knowledge deficit was resolved. It is expected that patients can increase their knowledge about health, particularly stroke disease.  

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the most common type of hemorrhhagic stroke and a leading cause of death and disability in Indonesia. The prevalence of stroke in Indonesia reached 0.83% in 2023, with ICH cases at RSUD dr. Soeselo, Tegal Regency recording 203 cases in 2024 and increasing significantly to 304 cases in 2025. This study aims to describe comprehensive nursing care for a patient with Intracerebral Hemorrhage. The method used was descriptive narrative through a nursing process approach. Nursing assessment of Ny. S (73 years old) revealed subjective data including headache, nausea and vomiting, and weakness in the left hand and foot, while objective data showed blood pressure 180/80 mmHg, MAP 113.3 mmHg, muscle strength of left extremities 2/2, and CT scan results showing a hyperdense lesion (volume 17.17 cc) with perifocal edema in the right thalamus and right corona, partially filling the ventricular system. Four nursing diagnoses were established: decreased intracranial adaptive capacity related to cerebral edema, impaired physical mobility related to decreased muscle strength, knowledge deficit related to lack of information exposure, and risk of falls. Nursing interventions included intracranial pressure management, mobilization support, health education, and fall prevention. After three days of nursing implementation, three nursing diagnoses were resolved, while impaired physical mobility was partially resolved, resulting in discharge planning recommendations including ROM exercises, gradual mobilization, and family involvement in patient care.

This community service program was conducted at GPIA Sidoasri, Malang Regency, a church community located in a rural area with limited access to capital, technology, and market opportunities. To improve the economic welfare of its members, the church initiated a micro-enterprise producing banana chips and jackfruit chips. However, the business faced several challenges, including unattractive product packaging, a short shelf life due to the absence of preservatives, and difficulties in determining competitive and profitable selling prices. To address these issues, the service team provided training on marketing strategies and business capital management. The training covered product branding through attractive packaging, the use of digital promotion to expand market reach, the separation of personal and business finances, simple financial record-keeping, and responsible capital management practices. The program was implemented through lectures, interactive discussions, and participant mentoring. The results showed that participants gained a better understanding of marketing strategies and basic financial management. Although challenges such as limited capital and low digital literacy remained, participants demonstrated strong enthusiasm to apply the knowledge and skills acquired during the program. This activity highlights that the success of micro-enterprises depends not only on product quality but also on effective marketing strategies and sound capital management. Furthermore, the program reinforces the importance of careful planning and responsible stewardship in business, as reflected in the wisdom of Proverbs 21:5.

Balanced nutrition intake is an important factor in supporting the performance of young athletes, especially during the growth period that requires optimal nutrition for intense physical activity. However, the lack of nutritional knowledge among parents of young athletes often leads to nutritional imbalances that have a negative impact on athlete health and performance. This study aims to measure the effect of balanced nutrition education on improving the knowledge and attitudes of parents of athletes at the Kancil Mas Football School (SSB), Karawang. The method used was a quasi-experiment with a pre-test and post-test design involving 20 respondents who were parents of U-13 athletes. Education was provided in the form of direct counseling sessions and group discussions, which were supplemented with supporting materials such as leaflets. The Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to analyze changes in parental knowledge and attitude scores before and after the intervention. The results of the analysis showed a significant increase in parents' understanding and positive attitudes towards balanced nutrition after education (p < 0.05). The results showed a significant increase in the level of parents' understanding and positive attitudes towards nutrition after the education intervention. These findings highlight the importance of active parental involvement in ensuring that young athletes' nutritional needs are met, as well as providing a basis for developing nutrition education programs in other sports schools.

Introduction: Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) is a complex clinical syndrome caused by the inability of the heart to pump blood adequately to meet the body's metabolic demands. This condition may result in dyspnea, edema, activity intolerance, fatigue, and reduced quality of life. Comprehensive nursing care is essential to address patients' needs and improve health outcomes. Methods: This study employed a descriptive case study approach. Data were collected through interviews, observation, physical examination, and medical record review. Nursing care was provided using the nursing process, including assessment, nursing diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation. Results: The assessment of Mrs. T identified four nursing diagnoses: ineffective breathing pattern, hypervolemia, activity intolerance, and knowledge deficit. Nursing interventions included semi-Fowler positioning, fluid balance monitoring, passive Range of Motion (ROM) exercises, and health education. Following two days of nursing implementation, three nursing diagnoses were resolved, namely ineffective breathing pattern, activity intolerance, and knowledge deficit. Hypervolemia was partially resolved due to persistent fluid imbalance. Discussion: The findings indicate that the application of systematic nursing care can improve several clinical problems experienced by CHF patients. However, fluid balance management remains a challenge, highlighting the importance of patient adherence to fluid restriction and continuous monitoring to prevent worsening symptoms.

Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are a major global public health concern, with hypertension affecting an estimated 1.4 billion adults worldwide. In Indonesia, the prevalence of hypertension among individuals aged 18 years and above reached 30.8% in 2023. In Kecamatan Tonjong, Kabupaten Brebes, the number of hypertension sufferers aged 15 years and above reached 15,951 people in 2025. Objective: To implement comprehensive family nursing care for Ny. S, family of Tn. F, who experienced cardiovascular system disorders due to hypertension in Desa Karang Jati RT 01 RW 05, Kecamatan Tonjong, Kabupaten Brebes. Method: This study used a descriptive narrative method with a nursing process approach (assessment, diagnosis, intervention, implementation, and evaluation), conducted through home visits over three days from December 26–28, 2025. Data were collected through interviews, observation, physical examination, and documentation. Results: Two nursing diagnoses were identified: acute pain related to hypertension and knowledge deficit regarding hypertension. Nursing interventions included pain management, oral medication administration (captopril 25 mg), and health education. Complementary non-pharmacological therapy using cucumber juice was applied once daily for three days. Conclusion: After three days of nursing implementation, both nursing diagnoses were fully resolved. Blood pressure decreased from 165/90 mmHg to 132/77 mmHg and the pain scale reduced from 4 to 1. Discharge planning was provided including recommendations for routine blood pressure monitoring, healthy lifestyle, and consistent medication adherence.