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Sexual behavior among adolescents is a reproductive health issue that can lead to various consequences, such as unplanned pregnancy, sexually transmitted infections, and the risk of dropping out of school. Technological developments and easy access to digital media also influence how adolescents obtain information and shape their attitudes and behaviors. Therefore, innovative, engaging educational media that align with the characteristics of younger generations are needed; one example is the use of animated videos. This community service activity aims to increase students' knowledge about sexual behavior through animated videos. The activity was held on May 6, 2024, at SMA Negeri 5 Surakarta, with 51 students in attendance. The methods used included interactive lectures, screenings of 3-minute 4-second animated videos, discussion sessions, and evaluations through pre- and post-tests. The evaluation results showed an increase in students' knowledge with an average score of 2.84 points. Thus, animated videos have proven effective in increasing adolescents' knowledge about sexual behavior and have the potential to be an engaging and educational health promotion medium.

This community service program aims to improve adolescents’ financial literacy through an educational initiative entitled “Smart Teens: Managing Money Without Drama”, conducted for the youth of Vihara Dhamma Bhakti Tangerang. The program is motivated by the relatively low level of financial literacy among adolescents, which may lead to consumptive behavior and a lack of personal financial management skills from an early age. The methods employed include interactive lectures, financial management simulations, and group discussions covering basic financial planning, saving habits, and expense control. The results indicate an improvement in participants’ understanding of fundamental financial concepts, such as managing allowances, the importance of saving, and the ability to distinguish between needs and wants. Furthermore, participants demonstrated more responsible attitudes in making financial decisions. This program is expected to serve as an effective community-based financial literacy education model in fostering healthy financial behavior among adolescents.

Sexual behavior among adolescents is a reproductive health issue that can lead to various consequences, such as unplanned pregnancy, sexually transmitted infections, and the risk of dropping out of school. Technological developments and easy access to digital media also influence how adolescents obtain information and shape their attitudes and behaviors. Therefore, innovative, engaging educational media that align with the characteristics of younger generations are needed; one example is the use of animated videos. This community service activity aims to increase students' knowledge about sexual behavior through animated videos. The activity was held on May 6, 2024, at SMA Negeri 5 Surakarta, with 51 students in attendance. The methods used included interactive lectures, screenings of 3-minute 4-second animated videos, discussion sessions, and evaluations through pre- and post-tests. The evaluation results showed an increase in students' knowledge with an average score of 2.84 points. Thus, animated videos have proven effective in increasing adolescents' knowledge about sexual behavior and have the potential to be an engaging and educational health promotion medium.

This community service program aims to improve adolescents’ financial literacy through an educational initiative entitled “Smart Teens: Managing Money Without Drama”, conducted for the youth of Vihara Dhamma Bhakti Tangerang. The program is motivated by the relatively low level of financial literacy among adolescents, which may lead to consumptive behavior and a lack of personal financial management skills from an early age. The methods employed include interactive lectures, financial management simulations, and group discussions covering basic financial planning, saving habits, and expense control. The results indicate an improvement in participants’ understanding of fundamental financial concepts, such as managing allowances, the importance of saving, and the ability to distinguish between needs and wants. Furthermore, participants demonstrated more responsible attitudes in making financial decisions. This program is expected to serve as an effective community-based financial literacy education model in fostering healthy financial behavior among adolescents.

This community service activity aims to enhance students’ competencies in business management, production, and operations through an industrial visit to PT. XYZ. The activity involved 65 students from the Entrepreneurship Study Program of Universitas Negeri Medan and was conducted in December 2025. The method used was experiential learning, allowing students to gain direct exposure to real industrial practices. The stages of the activity included preparation, implementation of the industrial visit, observation and data analysis, and evaluation and reflection. The results of the activity indicate significant improvements in five key areas: understanding of business management, production processes, operations management, development of soft skills, and increased entrepreneurial motivation and interest. Students were able to connect theoretical knowledge with real-world applications, thereby enhancing their analytical and practical abilities. In addition, the activity contributed to the development of communication skills, teamwork, critical thinking, and professional attitudes. Overall, this program demonstrates that industrial visits are an effective learning strategy in entrepreneurship education to produce competent, adaptive, and competitive graduates.

Limited readiness for breastfeeding among third-trimester pregnant women may affect the success of breastfeeding practices. Insufficient knowledge regarding proper breastfeeding techniques can lead to various lactation-related problems, including incorrect breastfeeding positions, poor infant attachment, and ineffective breastfeeding. Therefore, effective educational interventions are needed to improve breastfeeding readiness during pregnancy. This community service program aimed to strengthen breastfeeding readiness among third-trimester pregnant women through e-booklet-based education on breastfeeding techniques in the working area of Kelapa Community Health Center. The program was conducted in June 2025 and involved 20 third-trimester pregnant women. Educational activities were delivered through interactive lectures, discussions, question-and-answer sessions, and the distribution of e-booklets. Evaluation was carried out using pre-tests and post-tests to assess changes in participants’ knowledge and attitudes after the intervention. The results showed an improvement in participants’ knowledge, with the proportion of women in the good knowledge category increasing from 20.0% to 75.0%, while the poor knowledge category decreased from 30.0% to 0%. Positive attitudes toward breastfeeding also increased from 40.0% to 85.0% following the educational intervention. The use of e-booklets as educational media facilitated participants’ understanding of breastfeeding materials and enabled independent review of the information after the program. This community service activity demonstrates that e-booklet-based breastfeeding education is effective in improving knowledge, fostering positive attitudes, and strengthening breastfeeding readiness among third-trimester pregnant women

This study aims to analyze the level of financial literacy and examine its influence on the household welfare of vegetable farmers. Agricultural households, particularly smallholder vegetable farmers, frequently experience economic vulnerability due to several structural challenges such as unstable agricultural income, seasonal production patterns, fluctuating market prices, limited access to formal financial services, and inadequate financial management skills. These conditions often make farm households more susceptible to economic shocks, including crop failure, input price increases, or sudden market price declines. In this context, financial literacy becomes an essential capability that enables farmers to manage their financial resources more effectively.This research employed a quantitative research design using a survey approach. The study involved 120 vegetable farmers selected as respondents from major vegetable-producing areas. Data were collected through structured questionnaires designed to measure farmers’ financial literacy levels and household welfare conditions. Financial literacy was assessed through indicators such as financial knowledge, financial behavior, and financial attitudes, while household welfare was evaluated based on indicators including consumption stability, education and health expenditures, savings capacity, and overall economic resilience. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics to describe the characteristics and financial literacy levels of respondents, and multiple linear regression analysis to examine the relationship between financial literacy and household welfare.The results of this study highlight the importance of strengthening financial education programs targeted at agricultural communities. Improving financial literacy among vegetable farmers can contribute not only to better household financial management but also to broader rural economic development. Therefore, financial education initiatives should be integrated into agricultural extension programs, farmer group activities, and local government development strategies. Such initiatives may include training in household financial planning, simple bookkeeping for farm businesses, savings management, and responsible credit use. By enhancing farmers’ financial capabilities, these programs can help improve household welfare, strengthen rural economic resilience, and support the long-term sustainability of the agricultural sector.

Indonesia harbors extraordinary linguistic diversity with over 700 regional languages representing approximately 10% of the world's languages within 1.3% of global land area. However, this diversity faces existential threat from language shift toward Indonesian, urbanization, education policies favoring the national language, and globalization. UNESCO classifies 146 Indonesian languages as endangered, with several dozen facing imminent extinction as last speakers age without intergenerational transmission. This study documents the current vitality status of Indonesian regional languages, analyzes factors driving language endangerment and shift, evaluates existing conservation efforts, and proposes evidence-based strategies for language revitalization and maintenance. A multi-phase approach was employed: vitality assessment of 150 regional languages using UNESCO's Language Vitality and Endangerment framework with surveys involving 2,400 speakers; ethnographic case studies in 12 speech communities; policy analysis; evaluation of 25 revitalization programs; and predictive modeling of language shift trajectories. Of 150 surveyed languages, only 23 (15.3%) classified as safe with robust intergenerational transmission; 48 (32.0%) were vulnerable; 42 (28.0%) definitely endangered; 28 (18.7%) severely endangered; and 9 (6.0%) critically endangered. Key endangerment drivers included Indonesian-only education (92.3% of schools), urban migration (67.8% of youth), negative language attitudes (54.2% of parents), and lack of written traditions (73.4% of languages lacking orthographies). Modeling projected that without intervention, 40% of currently vulnerable languages will become definitely endangered within 20 years. Successful revitalization demands community-owned interventions, mother-tongue-based multilingual education, new digital language domains, and attitude change campaigns. Indonesia's linguistic diversity represents invaluable cultural and scientific heritage requiring urgent, coordinated conservation action.

Dysmenorrhea or menstrual pain, is a common health issue among adolescent girls, often disrupting daily activities and quality of life. Effective management of dysmenorrhea is strongly influenced by the level of knowledge and attitudes of adolescent girls toward this condition. This literature review aims to analyze the relationship between knowledge and attitudes regarding the management of menstrual pain among adolescent girls. Various studies indicate that while adequate knowledge about dysmenorrhea is important, the correlation between knowledge and attitude is not always significant. Some research finds that good knowledge does not necessarily translate into a positive attitude towards pain management, as other factors such as stress, anxiety, and reluctance to take action also play a role. However, there are studies that show a positive relationship between increased knowledge and better attitudes toward dysmenorrhea management,  although the strength of this association is very weak. Most adolescents tend to choose non-pharmacological management, such as rest and warm compresses, but many still ignore menstrual pain due to a lack of knowledge and information. Therefore, educational interventions and counseling in schools are essential to improve knowledge and foster positive attitudes in managing dysmenorrhea among adolescent girls. These efforts are expected to help adolescent girls manage menstrual pain more effectively and enhance their quality of life.

This research is motivated by the importance of guiding students in using digital technology in a positive way. The implementation of digital literacy enables students to use digital technology wisely and responsibly. This study aims to explore the importance of digital literacy, the impact of digital technology development on student’s character, the implementation of digital literacy for improving 21st-century skills, and the role of digital literacy for personalizing a generation with strong character, specifically at SMK Budi Mulia Pakisaji. This research is using a qualitative descriptive method, using purposive technique sampling and data triangulation techniques. This study uses an interactive model of data analysis. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, documentation, and open-ended questionnaires. The results show that digital literacy supports the improvement of students’s 21st-century skills, known as the 6Cs: critical thinking, creativity, collaboration, communication, character, and citizenship. Digital literacy is integrated into IPAS (Science, Social, and Environmental Education) learning and implemented through the SMART (Spesific-Measurable-Achievable-Relevant-Time bound) digital concept. The implementation of digital literacy supports the achievement of IPAS learning goals, to make meaningfull learning experience, and students are able to produce a creation in IPAS projects. Students are able to solve problems using digital technology, select useful content, manage their time effectively, and become a lifelong learner. Furthermore, digital literacy supports the students to increase their knowledge, skills, and attitudes aligned with the values of Pancasila.

Data from the National Commission on Violence Against Women (Komnas Perempuan) shows that between May 2022 and December 2023, there were 4,179 cases of sexual violence, including 2,776 cases of Electronic-Based Sexual Violence (KSBE) and 623 cases of rape. Adolescents' knowledge and attitudes play a crucial role in preventing sexual violence in schools. Objective: To determine the level of adolescents' knowledge and attitudes regarding sexual violence prevention at State Senior High School 1 Surakarta. Methods: A quantitative descriptive study with a cross-sectional approach involving 89 students in grades X and XI was conducted on January 20, 2026. Results: The results showed that most respondents had good knowledge (65 respondents, 73.0%), and 3 respondents (3.4%) had poor knowledge. The results also showed that most respondents had good attitudes (44 respondents, 49.4%) and 9 respondents (10.1%) had poor attitudes. Conclusion: Most Students had good  knowledge and attitudes regarding sexual violence prevention at SMA Negeri 1 Surakarta.

The increasing use of facial cosmetics among adolescents and young adults is not always accompanied by adequate cosmetic literacy, potentially leading to skin health problems. Many consumers choose products based on trends without understanding their skin type, ingredients, and safety aspects, which can lead to skin barrier damage, irritation, and long-term dermatological disorders. This study aims to analyze the influence of cosmetic choices on facial skin health through a literature review. The method used was a qualitative literature study with a purposive sampling technique of scientific articles published between 2015 and 2025 that were relevant to the behavior of adolescents and young adults and the impact of cosmetic ingredients on the skin. Data were analyzed using content analysis to identify the relationship between knowledge, attitudes, and cosmetic choices. The results show that cosmetic knowledge tends to be high, but is not always followed by appropriate selection behavior, with varying correlation strengths. These findings confirm that cosmetic literacy contributes to the tendency to choose more appropriate products, but is not the sole determining factor. Therefore, education is needed that emphasizes cognitive aspects while fostering critical attitudes in choosing cosmetics safely and responsibly.

The campus atmosphere significantly affects students' motivation for learning, influencing their academic experiences, mental health, and social relationships. This study explores how the campus environment impacts students' learning motivation through a literature review approach. The campus atmosphere is a multifaceted concept that includes physical, educational, and social aspects. A conducive physical environment, with well-maintained facilities and adequate learning spaces, enhances students' comfort and focus. The educational environment, particularly the interaction between lecturers and students, teaching methods, and institutional support, plays a key role in students' motivation and involvement. Additionally, the social environment, which includes friendships and a sense of belonging to the campus community, fosters intrinsic motivation and positive learning attitudes. Using a literature review approach, this study analyzes academic sources such as peer-reviewed journals, theses, and scholarly articles on the campus environment and student motivation. The findings indicate that a supportive campus atmosphere enhances students' motivation to learn, while a negative atmosphere can lead to decreased motivation and poor academic involvement. Universities should focus on creating and maintaining a supportive campus atmosphere to improve students' learning motivation and academic success.

Waste-related issues have become increasingly complex environmental challenges as a result of population growth and shifting consumption patterns within society. Although Indonesia has established a legal framework through Law Number 18 of 2008 on Waste Management, its implementation at the community level continues to encounter various obstacles, particularly low legal awareness and an underdeveloped legal culture. This community service program aims to foster and strengthen a legal culture in waste management as an effort to promote environmental sustainability in Mrutuk Village, Widang District, Tuban Regency. The activities were conducted using participatory and descriptive approaches, including legal education, dissemination of waste management regulations, reinforcement of legal substance and enforcement structures, and community-based assistance. The results demonstrate an improvement in public understanding and awareness of the importance of managing waste in accordance with legal provisions, a shift in attitudes from compliance motivated by supervision toward voluntary compliance, and the emergence of community initiatives to actively engage in environmentally oriented waste management. Therefore, strengthening legal culture has proven to be a crucial instrument in encouraging environmentally responsible behavior and supporting the achievement of sustainable development.

This study analyzes the ethics of Christian Religious Education teachers based on James 3:1, which emphasizes the great responsibility carried by those who teach in the context of educational ministry. The research aims to examine the relevance of biblical principles regarding the role and duties of teachers with the implementation of the professional code of ethics for Christian Religious Education teachers in Indonesia. Teachers are not only responsible for delivering academic knowledge but also serve as moral and spiritual role models whose words, attitudes, and actions significantly influence students’ faith development. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method through literature analysis, including the interpretation of James 3:1, ethical guidelines, and theological-pedagogical studies. The findings show that James 3:1 provides a strong warning for teachers to be cautious, responsible, and accountable in their teaching practices, as their judgment before God is greater. In conclusion, the ethics of Christian Religious Education teachers reflect their faith commitment in carrying out their responsibilities with integrity.

Medical personnel compliance in prescribing drugs according to the National Formulary (ForNas) is essential to ensure rational therapy, improve service quality, and enhance efficiency in health financing at government health facilities. However, compliance remains a challenge at Johar Baru Regional General Hospital, Central Jakarta. This study aimed to analyze factors influencing medical personnel compliance with ForNas-based prescribing, including drug availability, management policies, and the knowledge, attitudes, norms, and perceptions of medical staff.A qualitative approach was used through in-depth interviews with medical personnel, heads of supporting service sections, and pharmacy unit leaders. The study also involved observation and review of hospital formulary documents, minimum service standards reports for 2024, and monitoring and evaluation reports on prescribing compliance for 2024 and January June 2025. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis supported by NVivo software.The findings indicate that compliance is influenced by medical personnel’s understanding of ForNas policies, clinical experience, and professional attitudes toward prescribing standards. Management factors such as supervision, technological support, and procurement systems also play important roles. Limited drug stocks and suboptimal control systems were identified as major obstacles.The hospital is recommended to strengthen compliance by updating clinical practice guidelines, developing a ForNas-based hospital formulary, improving management support, optimizing information technology systems, ensuring drug availability, and proposing additional ForNas drugs to the Ministry of Health.

Religious learning in secondary schools is not only implemented through intracurricular activities but is also strengthened by applicative extracurricular programs. One form of actualizing religious learning is kultum khitobiyah activities within the Islamic Spiritual Organization (Rohani Islam/Rohis). This study aims to describe the actualization of religious learning through Rohis kultum khitobiyah activities in developing students’ public speaking skills and spirituality at SMA Negeri 2 Tuban. This research employed a qualitative approach using field research methods. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation, while data analysis was conducted through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results indicate that kultum khitobiyah activities effectively actualize religious learning through students’ active involvement in religious preaching practices. These activities contribute positively to the development of public speaking skills, particularly in terms of courage, self-confidence, and the ability to deliver ideas systematically. Furthermore, kultum khitobiyah activities also play a significant role in strengthening students’ spirituality, as reflected in increased religious awareness, internalization of Islamic values, and the manifestation of religious attitudes in daily life. Therefore, kultum khitobiyah activities within the Rohis extracurricular program have a strategic role in reinforcing religious learning by integrating communication skill development with students’ spiritual formation.

The use of styrofoam as food packaging is still widely found because it is considered practical, lightweight, and cheap. However, styrofoam has a negative impact on health and the environment due to the content of harmful chemicals such as styrene and benzene that can be transferred to food, especially at hot temperatures. Students are a group that often uses Styrofoam because of their  practical lifestyle and tendency to eat fast food. This study aims to find out the factors related to student behavior in the use  of styrofoam as food packaging at the University of Muhammadiyah Aceh. The study used a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design. The research population is 3,180 active S1 students for the 2024/2025 academic year from six faculties. The sample of 97 respondents was determined by the Slovin formula through accidental sampling techniques. Data were collected on July 15–22, 2025 using a Google Form questionnaire  and analyzed by Chi-square test. The results showed that most of the respondents had good behavior (60.8%), positive attitudes (70.1%), good knowledge (45.4%), exposure to the media (57.7%), and were not influenced by friends (54.6%). There was a significant relationship between knowledge (p = 0.000), attitude (p = 0.010), media exposure (p = 0.012), and peer influence (p = 0.005) with student behavior. This study recommends improving campus education related to the impact of styrofoam and encouraging the use of environmentally friendly packaging.

The use of styrofoam as food packaging is still widely found because it is considered practical, lightweight, and cheap. However, styrofoam has a negative impact on health and the environment due to the content of harmful chemicals such as styrene and benzene that can be transferred to food, especially at hot temperatures. Students are a group that often uses Styrofoam because of their  practical lifestyle and tendency to eat fast food. This study aims to find out the factors related to student behavior in the use  of styrofoam as food packaging at the University of Muhammadiyah Aceh. The study used a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design. The research population is 3,180 active S1 students for the 2024/2025 academic year from six faculties. The sample of 97 respondents was determined by the Slovin formula through accidental sampling techniques. Data were collected on July 15–22, 2025 using a Google Form questionnaire  and analyzed by Chi-square test. The results showed that most of the respondents had good behavior (60.8%), positive attitudes (70.1%), good knowledge (45.4%), exposure to the media (57.7%), and were not influenced by friends (54.6%). There was a significant relationship between knowledge (p = 0.000), attitude (p = 0.010), media exposure (p = 0.012), and peer influence (p = 0.005) with student behavior. This study recommends improving campus education related to the impact of styrofoam and encouraging the use of environmentally friendly packaging.

This article explores the meaning of human life through the lens of value, choice, and ultimate purpose. Drawing from the analogy of nature, the study argues that human existence is likewise structured around meaning rather than randomness. Human beings inevitably encounter diverse and sometimes conflicting values, requiring discernment and responsible decision-making. Not all values carry equal weight; their significance depends on their proximity to the ultimate goal of human life understood in its totality. The paper identifies three fundamental attitudes toward life: a pessimistic stance that perceives life as failure, a hedonistic stance that seeks satisfaction and pleasure, and a constructive stance that embraces life as a meaningful vocation. Through a reflective-ethical approach, the discussion highlights the importance of mission, prioritization, empathetic communication, synergy, and continual self-renewal. Ultimately, the quality of human existence is determined by the values one chooses to uphold and the orientation of life toward a higher, integrative purpose.