Publication Search

This research utilizes waste from PLTU Tanjung Jati B Jepara, namely FABA (Fly ash Bottom Ash) as an alternative to fine and coarse aggregate. From this research, the physical properties of faba aggregate can be seen from the results of the faba aggregate sieve analysis test, which obtained a fineness modulus value of 1.74, which is included in the medium aggregate type. The water content of fine aggregate (fly ash) obtained a value of 3.63% and coarse aggregate (bottom ash) obtained a value of 1.5%. The fine aggregate sludge content (fly ash) obtained a value of 0%. The fine aggregate organic substance (fly ash) acquires a reddish brown NaOH color, therefore it must be washed before being used as a concrete mixture. The face dry specific gravity of fine aggregate (fly ash) obtained a value of 2.63 gr/cm2 and coarse aggregate 2.52 gr/cm2. From the data that has been obtained, faba aggregate is considered to have physical properties that meet the requirements for fine aggregate and can be used as a substitute for sand. The results of the final compressive strength of faba concrete and normal concrete at the age of 7 days and 28 days showed that the compressive strength of normal concrete (control) was higher than that of faba concrete. The standard deviation values ​​at the ages of 7 and 28 days are included in perfect working conditions because they have a standard deviation value of less than 3 MPa. From the results of the concrete flexural strength test, only the control concrete was 1;1.5 with a flexural strength of 4.18 MPa, which is close to SNI 2847:2013, namely with a minimum flexural strength of fs = 4.4 MPa. Normal concrete has a higher flexural strength than faba concrete. Based on tests carried out with the planned mix design, the 1:1.5 variation obtained the highest results.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of occupational safety and health (OHS) and identify potential hazards and risks of work accidents in the production section of PT. Adhi Persada Beton Batching Plant Kebonarum using the Job Safety Analysis (JSA) method. The study was conducted with a descriptive analytical approach through direct observation. The results of the study showed that the highest risk of accidents occurred in the mobilization of the loader to the hopper, while moderate risks were found in the process of washing the mixer truck, loading concrete, transporting concrete to the casting location, and unloading concrete. The risk controls implemented, such as providing personal protective equipment (PPE), installing safety signs, and routine training, succeeded in reducing the risk level significantly.

Coal is an organic mineral from ancient plant remains that settles and goes through physical or chemical processes over a period of up to millions of years. Coal is used as a source of steam-powered electrical energy through combustion which produces fly ash waste. fly ash contains various chemical materials such as SiO2; Al2O3; Fe2O3. The potential chemical content makes fly ash which can be used as an adsorbent for heavy metals and dyes by forming silica xerogel. To increase the silica oxide content in fly ash, a washing process is carried out with various solvents. Research on the adsorption of methylene blue dye using silica xerogel from fly ash with variations in contact time. The results showed that silica xerogel from fly ash was able to adsorb methylene blue dye at a contact time of 90 minutes. Adsorption kinetics follows a pseudo second order model with an R2 value that is better than pseudo first order. It can be seen that the R2 value respectively shows a linear regression of 0.703 for pseudo first order and 1 for pseudo second order.

Stunting is a chronic nutritional problem in toddlers characterized by shorter body height that is not appropriate for their age. Stunting can be caused by many factors such as socio- economic conditions, maternal nutrition during pregnancy, the health of the baby, and lack of nutritional intake for the baby. Toddlers who experience stunting in the future will experience difficulties in achieving optimal physical and cognitive development. This research aims to determine the relationship between several variables on the incidence of stunting among toddlers in the Talagamori Community Health Center working area. This type of research is descriptive analytics using a case control approach. The number of samples used in this research was 150 people and total sampling was carried out using inclusion and exclusion criteria. The independent variables in this study are open defecation behavior, washing hands with soap, managing household drinking water and food, managing household waste and managing household liquid waste. Meanwhile, the dependent variable is the incidence of stunting. The results of the study showed that there was a relationship between open defecation behavior and the incidence of stunting (p=0.002). There is no relationship between washing hands with soap and the incidence of stunting (p=0.130). There is no relationship between household drinking water and food management and the incidence of stunting (p=0.336). There is a relationship between household waste management and the incidence of stunting (p=0.020). There is a relationship between household liquid waste management and the incidence of stunting (p=0.017). Community-Based Total Sanitation (STBM) is the first step in ensuring family hygiene and health. Good sanitation can prevent families, especially children under five, from malnutrition and infectious disease infections.

Early childhood health is an important aspect that must be maintained consistently, especially in preventing the spread of infectious diseases. One simple but effective way to maintain health is through the habit of washing hands with soap (CTPS) properly. This Community Service (PKM) activity aims to provide education and familiarize children with the correct CTPS behavior at Darma Wanita Persatuan Sidodadi Kindergarten, Taman District, Sidoarjo Regency. The methods used in this activity include interactive counseling, explanation of how to wash hands properly based on WHO steps, and direct practice involving children and teachers. The results of the activity showed an increase in children's understanding of the importance of washing hands and skills in doing CTPS properly. It is hoped that this habit can be continued by the school and parents as part of preventive efforts in maintaining children's health.

Since the era of COVID-19 until now, maintaining personal hygiene has become a shared obligation globally. In Indonesia, soap is an essential item for both personal hygiene and environmental hygiene. Due to the great public interest in soap, especially facial soap, there are now more choices for businesses to make soap for the local market. Empowering the surrounding community, especially the PKK women's organization, to make facial soap can be done independently or in groups because the method of manufacture is quite simple. The general public's knowledge of the components and methods of making facial soap is still very minimal. This community service activity aims to teach PKK women’s how to make face soap and give them insight into home-based business options. PKK women in Cikageman Village, Setu, Bekasi Regency became a group of activity partners. This activity is expected to be able to improve people's welfare, especially in the economic sector, as well as increase knowledge and independence in entrepreneurship. This community service activity uses a strategy that includes partner coordination, counseling, assistance in making face soap, evaluation, and follow-up. The end result of this community service activity is in the form of facial soap products that have been packaged and distributed to local residents, as well as partner groups who already have skills in producing face soap independently.

. PT. XY is a company engaged in the printing sector, especially in the security products sector, which is required to process its wastewater so that it can meet the required wastewater quality standards, especially in the processing of domestic waste originating from human waste and other consumption waste such as washing water, rinsing and so on. A Sewage Treatment Plant is a domestic liquid waste processing installation to process residual domestic liquid waste so that it becomes clear and is no longer harmful to the environment. The problem that arises is one of the measurement parameters in the wastewater quality standard, namely total coliform (coliform bacteria), which has not met the requirements for several months. This study aims to process domestic waste in the sewage treatment plant process with the six-sigma method to achieve results according to the requirements of the liquid waste quality standard. It is safe to be discharged into water bodies. The results of this study from 6 parameters 5 parameters meet the wastewater quality standards, namely: pH, Total Suspended Solids / TSS, Biochemical Oxygen Demand5 / BOD5, Chemical Oxygen Demand / COD, Oil and fat, while the average level of Total Coliform in a year is 6,448 MPN / 100 ml, not yet meeting the wastewater quality standards of 3,000 MPN / 100 ml. The results of the six-sigma calculation found a result of 1.5 Sigma (σ) where the process is in the non-competitive category

Antiseptic hand wash liquid soap is a soap that contains certain chemicals to reduce and prevent bacterial infections. Hand washing liquid soap that uses natural ingredients from lemongrass plants (Cymbopogon nardus) has a variety of significant benefits and functions. Lemongrass (Cymbopogon nardus) contains essential oils with antibacterial and antimicrobial properties, making it effective in killing germs and bacterial on hands. This is very important in preventing the spread of disease, especially in vulnerable environments. This hand wash liquid soap is also safe for the skin, reducing the risk of irritation that often occurs due to the use of chemical hand wash liquid soap, and is suitable for all skin types including sensitive skin. The use of lemongrass (Cymbopogon nardus) based hand washing liquid soap for the community is very broad. In addition to serving as an educational tool in public health campaigns, this product also supports the local economy by utilizing raw materials from local farmers, thus promoting sustainable agriculture and creating jobs. With the increasing awareness of the importance of hand hygiene, this liquid hand soap is a healthy alternative for consumers who care about health and the environment. Overall, the use of lemongrass (Cymbopogon nardus) based hand wash liquid soap not only contributes to individual health, but also improves the quality of life of the community through disease prevention and support to the local economy.

Diarrhea in young children is a common health issue that can significantly affect a child's health status. The management of diarrhea in children requires a holistic approach, integrating medical, social, and environmental factors. This study describes the management of diarrhea in An. R, a 4-year-old child who experienced mild acute diarrhea. The interventions included hygiene education, oral rehydration therapy, the provision of low-fiber food, and active family involvement in the child's recovery. The results of the study show that the education provided, together with WASH (Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene)-based interventions, were effective in reducing diarrhea symptoms and accelerating recovery. Additionally, factors such as nutritional status, immunization, and environmental sanitation also influence the occurrence of diarrhea. This study concludes that the success of managing diarrhea in young children heavily relies on collaboration between families, healthcare providers, and public health policies. Effective management can be achieved through a community-based approach that emphasizes sanitation education and active family involvement.

Compensation is an effort to reduce the pollution load from other sectors to replace the wastewater load that will be discharged by businesses and/or activities due to river water quality being exceeded. Currently, most large rivers in Indonesia have exceeded the water quality standards set by the government. The one of the hospitals in Jember plans to discharge wastewater into the Bedadung River. However, the Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) quality standard for the Bedadung River has been exceeded. Therefore, alternative compensation activities are needed to reduce the BOD levels of the Bedadung River. Bathing, Washing, and Toilet (MCK) facilities with biofilter septic tanks were chosen. This technology is considered to be able to effectively reduce the BOD concentration of domestic waste before being discharged into the environment. This study aims to calculate the potential for reducing the BOD pollutant load in Bedadung River water if compensation is carried out through the construction of MCK with a biofilter septic tank system, so that it is expected to provide a significant contribution to improving river water quality while supporting the sustainability of hospital activities.

Typhoid fever is an acute infectious disease caused by Salmonella typhi bacteria, and is generally spread through contaminated food or drinks. One of the effective prevention efforts is to maintain personal hygiene, especially washing your hands before eating. This study aims to determine the relationship between handwashing compliance with the incidence of typhoid fever in children treated at PKU Muhammadiyah Delanggu Hospital. The research design used is observational analysis with a quantitative approach. The sampling technique was carried out by accidental sampling with a total of 34 children. Data were collected through questionnaires that measured the level of handwashing compliance and the history of typhoid fever incidence. The analysis of the relationship between variables was carried out using the Chi Square statistical test. The results showed that as many as 20 children (58.82%) had good handwashing compliance, with an average compliance score of 7.79 ± 1.666. Meanwhile, as many as 18 children (52.94%) were recorded to have typhoid fever. The results of the Chi Square test showed a p-value of 0.681, which means that there was no significant association between handwashing compliance and the incidence of typhoid fever in children at the study site. The conclusion of this study is that handwashing compliance has not shown a significant relationship with the incidence of typhoid fever in children at PKU Muhammadiyah Delanggu Hospital. These findings indicate the need for further studies by considering other factors such as water quality, environmental sanitation, and food consumption habits, in order to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the prevention of typhoid fever in children.

The purpose of this community service program is to improve the technical skills of residents of Roworejo Village, Grabag, Purworejo, in the field of motorbike washing and car detailing. Improving technical skills to wash motorbikes and detail vehicles according to professional standards and the application of technology that supports business sustainability through a water recycling system is the main focus of the activity. This activity is carried out by providing theoretical training on basic vehicle detailing techniques, as well as direct practice such as washing, body care, polishing, and the use of detailing tools. Participants are also educated on how to use and maintain a water recycling system when running a business. The results of the activity showed that 78% of participants succeeded in applying the principles of environmentally friendly technology in business practices. In addition, 85% of participants were able to master the basic techniques of washing motorbikes and detailing vehicles according to training standards. It is hoped that this activity will help sustainable village economic development and open up new skills-based business opportunities.

Introduction: Diarrhea is one of the most common diseases affecting children worldwide. Diarrhea is a condition when the sufferer defecates more often than usual, namely defecating more than 3 times a day and the diarrhea sufferer's stool is thinner than usual. Puskesmas Tarus is one of the Puskesmas in Kupang Regency with the highest data on diarrhea cases in 2021 compared to other Puskesmas, namely 132 cases of diarrhea in toddlers. In 2022 diarrhea cases increased, namely 139 until 2023 it continued to increase to 145 diarrhea patients in children under five. Methods : This type of research and research design is quantitative research with Cross Sectional design. the population in this study were all mothers of toddlers in the Tarus Puskesmas Working Area. The population of mothers who have toddlers is 2,110 people. The sampling method is determined by simple random sampling, with mothers or respondents who have toddlers totaling 66 people. Data analysis was performed with the Chi-Square statistical test. Results: The results showed that there was a significant relationship between maternal knowledge (ρ=0.034), hand washing behavior (ρ=0.022), ownership of healthy latrines (ρ=0.007), availability of clean water (ρ=0.029) with the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers in the Tarus Health Center Working Area. Conclusion: It is recommended for mothers to maintain personal hygiene before doing or giving activities to toddlers.

This study explores the development of integrated language skills assessment instruments for Korean as a foreign language (KFL) learners in higher education, addressing the need for tools that reflect real-world communicative demands. Grounded in theoretical frameworks such as Bachman and Palmer's Communicative Language Ability model[1] and Vygotsky's Sociocultural Theory[2], the research employed a mixed-methods approach, including needs analysis[6], corpus studies, and pilot testing. The research process involved three primary phases: First, a comprehensive needs analysis was conducted among KFL instructors and students to identify assessment gaps and priorities. Second, authentic Korean language materials were collected to create a corpus that informed the development of contextualized assessment tasks. Finally, the instruments underwent rigorous pilot testing with 127 KFL students across three Indonesian universities.The developed assessment instruments integrate reading, writing, listening, and speaking skills through task-based scenarios that mirror authentic Korean language use contexts. These include collaborative problem-solving activities, multimedia-based comprehension tasks, and culturally situated role-plays. Statistical analysis demonstrated high inter-rater reliability (r=0.87) and construct validity when compared with established Korean proficiency measures.Results demonstrated the instruments' reliability, validity, and cultural relevance, fostering holistic skill development and promoting positive washback on teaching and learning practices. Implementation of these instruments led to significant improvements in students' integrated language performance and motivation. The study contributes to the field of Korean language assessment by providing empirically validated tools that bridge classroom learning with real-world language application in higher education contexts.

The study was conducted with the aim of determining whether there is an influence of the Numbered Head Together learning model on the learning outcomes of fifth grade students of SDN Swasta Al-Washliyah 80 Kisaran. Descriptive quantitative research in this study used an experimental research design with a Quasi Experiment Design model in the form of Non-equivalent Control Group Design. The population in this study was all fifth grade students of SDN Swasta Al-Washliyah 80 Kisaran. The results of data analysis showed that the average learning outcomes using the Numbered Head Together learning model in the experimental class were 85.7, while the average learning outcomes that did not use the Numbered Head Together learning model in the control class were 69.1. In the normality test, it is known that the pre-test and post-test results of the experimental class and control classes are normally distributed with the value obtained in the experimental class pre-test Test results = 0.051> α = 0.05 and in the post-test results Test results = 0.061> α = 0.05, while in the control class pre-test Test results = 0.057> α = 0.05 and in the post-test results Test results = 0.118> α = 0.05. The results of the homogeneity test of the research data, it is known that the research data comes from homogeneous samples with the acquisition of a homogeneity test value of 0.219> 0.05. The data were analyzed by hypothesis testing using the independent sample t-test with a significance level of α = 0.05 and degree of freedom (df) = 48. From the results of the hypothesis test, it was obtained tcount> ttable (4.056> 2.565) or Ha was rejected and H1. So it can be stated that there is a positive and significant influence between the implementation of the Numbered Head Together learning model on the learning outcomes of class V students of SD Swasta l-Washliyah 80 Kisaran.  

Clean and Healthy Living Behavior (PHBS) is one of the preventive efforts in maintaining individual health, with washing hands with soap (CTPS) as one of its main aspects. Elementary school children are among the groups that are vulnerable to disease due to lack of awareness of cleanliness, so socialization is needed to increase their understanding of the importance of CTPS. This study aims to socialize PHBS and how to do CTPS to students of SD 7 Nisam, North Aceh, through interactive educational methods. The activities were carried out by presenting material using PowerPoint, interactive discussions, direct practice of the six steps of CTPS according to WHO standards, and evaluation through questionnaires before and after the activity. The results of the activity showed that the method applied succeeded in increasing students' understanding of the importance of washing hands with soap. Students were more enthusiastic in participating in activities when given an interesting approach that was appropriate for their age. In addition, the involvement of teachers and schools in providing supporting facilities contributed to the success of this program. With this socialization, it is hoped that students can apply the habit of washing their hands independently and consistently, both at school and at home, so that it can reduce the incidence of infectious diseases related to hand hygiene.

Background: Diarrhea is a condition in which a person experiences bowel movements more than three times a day with liquid-textured feces, often accompanied by mucus or blood, and occurs more often than usual. The purpose of this study was to determine the determinants of diarrhea in toddlers in the work area of ​​the Paal V Health Center in 2024. This study is a quantitative study using a Cross Sectional approach method. The sample in this study was 167 mothers of toddlers with a purposive sampling technique. The study was conducted from August 2024 to January 2025. The research instrument used a questionnaire and observation sheet. The variables used were CTPS habits, exclusive breastfeeding, visits to integrated health posts, maternal employment status, clean water sources, healthy toilets. Cronbach's results Validity Test Diarrhea incidence (0.404), CTPS habits (0.632), exclusive breastfeeding (0.636), visits to integrated health posts (0.690). The results of the CTPS habit analysis obtained p-value (0.034), exclusive breastfeeding (0.016), visits to integrated health posts (0.107), maternal employment status (0.042), clean water sources (0.154), healthy toilets (1.000). There is a relationship between CTPS habits, exclusive breastfeeding, maternal employment with the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers. There is no relationship between visits to integrated health posts, clean water sources, healthy toilets with the incidence of diarrhea.

Chronic kidney failure or chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a non-communicable disease that has increased the prevalence of mortality and morbidity in the last 20 years. The prevalence according to RISKESDAS in 2013 showed CKD was 2% and increased to 3.8% (739,208) in 2018. Dialysis is a kidney replacement therapy (TPG) which is used to prevent kidney deterioration. TPG carried out throughout life will change the patient's life physically, cognitively, psychologically, socially, and spiritually. When undergoing dialysis, patients experience ambivalent feelings towards the hemodialysis process that they are currently undergoing, namely positive feelings in the form of happiness when washing freely and negative feelings including feelings of anxiety and worry about the disease they are experiencing. This study aims to determine the existence of family relationships and the length of undergoing hemodialysis on the level of anxiety in patients with chronic kidney failure at Hospital X Jakarta. The method used is quantitative analysis with a cross-sectional research design on 45 respondents with the Spearman Rank correlation test. The results show a significant relationship between family support and the length of time undergoing hemodialysis with the level of anxiety in chronic kidney failure patients with values of ? = 0.001 < ? and ? = 0.007 < ?, correlation coefficient (rs) = 0.472 and (rs) = -0.397, so H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted with a moderate level of significance. In conclusion, family support and the length of time undergoing hemodialysis have a moderate relationship to anxiety levels in chronic kidney failure patients.

Knowledge is the result of a person's knowledge of objects through their senses, namely the sense of hearing, sense of smell, sense of sight, sense of smell, and sense of touch. Ability is an individual's capacity to perform various tasks in a job. Hand washing is the activity of cleaning hands by rubbing and using soap and rinsing it in running water. The purpose of the study was to identify the relationship between the level of knowledge and the ability to wash hands in the families of patients regarding nosocomial infections in the inpatient room of Nusa Indah Bhakti Asih General Hospital, Tangerang. The research method uses the chi square test with the sampling technique used in this study is Non Random Sampling (Non Probability Sampling) which is carried out by Purposive Sampling technique. The instruments used in this study are the questionnaires used in this study, including knowledge of hand washing and handwashing ability sheet. Data analyzed This study uses the Chi square test for categorical data that is said to be related if p < 0.05. The results of the study showed that the P Value was 0.000, where the P Value was smaller than alpha (0.05), then H0 was rejected, meaning that knowledge was significantly related to the ability to wash hands in the patient's family regarding nosocomial infections in the Nusa Indah Inpatient Room, Bhakti Asih General Hospital, Tangerang City in 2024. In conclusion, there is a relationship between the level of knowledge and the ability to wash hands in the patient's family.  

Cough Becomes Non-Physiological When Felt As A Disturbance. Such Cough Is Often A Sign Of Disease In Or Outside The Lungs And Sometimes Is An Early Symptom Of A Disease. Transmission Of Cough Disease Through The Air (Air Borne Infection). The Causes Are Various And Recognition Of The Pathophysiology Of Cough Will Be Very Helpful In Establishing A Diagnosis And Management Of Cough. The purpose of the community service activity is to implement the ethics of coughing, sneezing and washing hands for the community so that the community can live healthily in their households/families. From the results of the counseling activities on Coughing, Sneezing and Washing Hands Ethics, it is hoped that the community will be able to maintain a clean and healthy lifestyle. Always bring a handkerchief or tissue when coughing or sneezing and always wash your hands every day with clean running water