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This study aims to analyze the implementation of performance management at the micro–enterprise AMANAH YOGURT, located in Candimulyo, Kiringan, Boyolali. The business employs 11 workers with specific task divisions: 7 in packaging, 1 in production, 2 in marketing responsible for promotion and advertising, and 1 supervisor who monitors the production process while also assisting in production ac,tivities. The daily production capacity reaches 500 packs during peak demand and 350 packs under normal conditions. This research applies a descriptive qualitative approach through observations and informal interviews with the owner and employees. The findings indicate that AMANAH YOGURT has implemented performance management through the application of production SOP, clear task distribution, informal evaluative communication between the owner and employees, as well as consistent adherence to hygiene standards and product quality. AMANAH YOGURT products have been distributed across Java Island, Bali, and even Mataram through bus logistics, travel services, and direct delivery for nearby areas. Halal certification and BPOM authorization further enhance consumer trust and strengthen the competitiveness of the business.

Operational risk management is an essential aspect in maintaining the stability and sustainability of micro-enterprises operating in the culinary sector, particularly in the fast food industry, which relies heavily on production processes, raw material quality, and human resource skills. This study aims to analyze the types of operational risks that arise in the daily operations of the Kebab Capadocia MSME in Boyolali Regency using a qualitative approach through in-depth interviews and field observations. The COSO Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) Framework was used as the primary theoretical foundation to map risks based on five components: risk identification, risk assessment, control activities, information and communication, and monitoring. The results indicate that the business faces four main risk categories: production process risks, human resource risks, food hygiene and safety risks, and raw material distribution risks. Implemented controls are still informal and not supported by standard operating procedures (SOPs), resulting in recurring risks that impact product quality. These findings contribute to the MSME risk management literature and offer practical recommendations for strengthening operational structures based on systematic risk management.

This study discusses the implementation of the Think Pair Share (TPS) strategy in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning in Grade VII of MTs Cerdas Murni, with a focus on its definition, steps, and advantages and disadvantages. This study uses a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. The data used consist of primary data obtained through interviews and direct observation, as well as secondary data from books and journals. Data collection techniques include observation, interviews, and documentation, while data analysis is carried out through data reduction, data presentation, and verification. Data validity is tested using lingering techniques, triangulation, and negative cases. The results show that TPS is an effective cooperative learning strategy to increase student interaction and engagement. The steps in TPS include the stages of think, pair, and share. The advantage of this strategy is that it increases overall student participation, because each student is actively involved. However, the disadvantage is that it requires a relatively longer time to implement. Teachers have implemented TPS effectively, from greetings and prayers to build morals, to explaining prayer etiquette and dhikr, which enhance students' understanding, cooperation, and courage. TPS is suitable for material that requires in-depth understanding but needs to be adapted to the students' circumstances, such as using mixed methods for practical materials. Another advantage is increased student courage and critical thinking, despite challenges related to student readiness and facilities.

This study aims to analyze the innovation of the use of e-SDM Applications in improving the quality of digital employee data management at the Surabaya City Human Resources Development Agency (BKPSDM). This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study method through data collection techniques such as in-depth interviews, direct observation, and supporting documentation. The research analysis refers to the success factor model of e-Government innovation according to Maulidhia J.P., which includes aspects of leadership, stakeholders, resources, technology and information, processes, goals and values, and laws and regulations. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of e-SDM Applications can improve work efficiency, data accuracy, transparency, and ease of access to employee information through an integrated digital system. This success is supported by leadership commitment, collaboration between stakeholders, and the availability of adequate resources. However, this study also found several challenges, including technical system and network constraints, the need to increase human resource capacity, and the need for continuous regulatory and SOP updates. Overall, e-SDM innovations have made a positive contribution to improving the quality of employee data management in government environments.

Indonesia, as a country with a high level of disaster vulnerability, faces an increased risk of communicable diseases during the emergency response phase due to disrupted sanitation, limited access to clean water, overcrowded evacuation shelters, and weakened health services. This study aims to analyze the strategic role of health workers in health education and the prevention of communicable diseases during disaster emergency response. The method used is a literature review of relevant national and international scientific articles. The findings indicate that health workers have a multidimensional role, not only as providers of curative services but also as educators, change agents, advocates, and collaborators in promotive and preventive efforts. Effective health education, participatory risk communication, strengthened epidemiological surveillance, and the implementation of Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) are key strategies to reduce the risk of communicable disease outbreaks. However, implementation in the field still faces challenges, including limited resources, cross-sectoral coordination constraints, heavy workloads, and suboptimal disaster-related policy systems and standard operating procedures (SOPs). Therefore, strengthening the capacity of health workers through training, policy support, and community-based approaches is necessary to enhance health system resilience in responding to disaster crises.

The construction sector is an industry with a high level of work accident risk due to its dynamic and complex work characteristics. This study aims to examine the application of the Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) System and evaluate its effectiveness in mitigating risks at the Health Facility Building Construction Project (Project X) in Fakfak Regency. The research method used is a descriptive-analytical quantitative approach with purposive sampling of 25 respondents, including executors, supervisors, and field workers. Risk analysis was conducted using the Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) method by measuring Severity, Occurrence, and Detection parameters to produce a Risk Priority Number (RPN). The results show that RPN values range from 52.35 to 452.30. The highest risk was found in the variable of limited safety signage in hazardous locations (RPN 452.30), which falls into the very high category. Additionally, 10 high-risk variables and 9 medium-risk variables were identified, dominated by technical, operational, and management factors, such as the use of heavy equipment by uncertified operators and weak implementation of Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) and OHS audits. This study concludes that the application of OHS in Project X is still reactive and requires strengthening risk-based safety management systems as well as improving workforce competence to achieve zero accident conditions.

This study aims to analyze the quality of granulated sugar products at PT Madukismo Yogyakarta using the Six Sigma methodology through the DMAIC approach (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control). The main problems identified involve high variations in product quality and significant defects, particularly related to moisture content (less dry) and off-color products. Production and defect data from May 2023 to September 2024 were used to calculate DPMO and sigma levels as indicators of process performance. The results show that the sigma level ranges from 4.48 to 5.03, with the highest DPMO recorded at 1,456.76 and the lowest at 205.55, indicating that the process has not yet achieved Six Sigma performance. Pareto analysis reveals that color defects (58.4%) contribute the most to overall defects. The Fishbone diagram analysis indicates that defect causes originate from factors related to manpower, method, material, machine, measurement, and environment. Improvement recommendations include digitalizing monitoring systems, enhancing SOPs, upgrading operator competencies, modernizing machinery, improving raw material management, and strengthening environmental control systems. These improvements are expected to reduce DPMO to below 500 and increase the sigma level to at least 5.2. This study concludes that the Six Sigma approach is effective in identifying quality issues and formulating strategies to improve the quality of granulated sugar products at PT Madukismo.

The Old Age Security (JHT) program is a form of employment social protection that aims to ensure the continuity of workers’ welfare after they are no longer productive. The high volume of JHT claims, particularly for wage earners, requires an effective service process and system. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of the process and system for submitting JHT claims for wage earners at BPJS Ketenagakerjaan Sikka Maumere Branch, as well as to identify obstacles and improvement efforts undertaken. The research method used was descriptive qualitative, with data collection techniques through observation, documentation, and interviews during the internship period. The results of the study show that the JHT claim submission process has followed the applicable standard operating procedures (SOP), both through online services (Lapak Asik and the Jamsostek Mobile (JMO) application) and offline services. However, the effectiveness of the system still faces various obstacles, including discrepancies in participant data, limited digital literacy among participants, and technical constraints in the online system. Improvement efforts have been carried out through increased socialization, participant assistance, and optimization of digital systems. This study concludes that the effectiveness of the JHT claim process and system at BPJS Ketenagakerjaan Sikka Maumere Branch is fairly effective, but still requires continuous improvement to enhance service quality and participant satisfaction.

Lifting activities are an essential part of manual material handling across various industrial sectors and constitute a primary source of ergonomic risk exposure when performed with inappropriate work postures. The use of hands-off tools such as push-pull sticks is often implemented to maintain a safe distance between workers and loads and to reduce exposure to line-of-fire hazards. However, the implementation of work aids does not automatically ensure neutral work postures, as push-pull techniques, reach distances, and environmental conditions can still lead to awkward postures. This study aims to evaluate the work posture risk in lifting activities using a fiber-composite push-pull stick based on the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) method. The research was conducted as an observational analytic field study involving nine workers in tubular pushing and pulling activities. Work postures were documented through direct observation and visual recordings, then assessed using REBA to obtain risk scores, risk categories, and required corrective actions. The results indicate that work postures fall into the medium to high-risk categories, with trunk and shoulder components being the dominant contributors. These findings confirm the need for improvements in work methods, ergonomic training, and strengthening of lifting SOPs to optimize the safety and ergonomic benefits of work aids.

This study, entitled "Analysis of the Application of Sharia Economic Principles in Nuris Medika Fund Management," aims to analyze the extent to which Sharia economic principles are applied in the fund management system at the Nuris Medika healthcare institution. Sharia economic principles emphasize justice, transparency, mutual assistance (ta'awun), and the prohibition of riba (usury), gharar (gharar), and maysir (gambling). This study used a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, field observations, and documentation of managers and related parties at Nuris Medika. Data analysis was carried out through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The research results indicate that fund management at Nuris Medika largely adheres to Islamic economic principles, particularly in terms of transparency in fund use, social responsibility, and the implementation of an interest-free system in internal financial transactions. However, several aspects still need to be strengthened, such as the development of more systematic Sharia-based standard operating procedures (SOPs) and increasing Sharia economic literacy among all institution managers. Overall, the implementation of Islamic economic principles at Nuris Medika can be categorized as good and has the potential to become a model for financial management in Islamic boarding school-based healthcare institutions based on Islamic values.

Kali Baru Lake is a community-based pilot tourism destination in Bekasi City managed by the Kali Baru Tourism Awareness Group (Pokdarwis Danau Indah Kalibaru). Preliminary observations indicate that destination management still faces limited human resource capacity, inadequate safety facilities, and the absence of a structured risk management document as a governance instrument. This community service program aims to strengthen the institutional capacity of the Pokdarwis through assistance in developing a risk management document, tourism safety training, formulation of operational standard operating procedures (SOPs), and enhancement of risk communication. The implementation method applied a participatory approach consisting of initial assessment, training, document development workshops, implementation of safety-supporting facilities, and evaluation. The results show the completion of a risk management document based on hazard identification and mitigation, the establishment of several safety and operational SOPs, the availability of risk communication media, and improved knowledge and skills of Pokdarwis members in managing sustainable tourism destinations. This program contributes to strengthening destination governance professionalism, enhancing tourism safety, and improving the readiness of Kali Baru Lake as a safe and sustainable community-based tourism destination.

The retail industry generates an extremely large and continuously growing volume of transactional data along with the advancement of digital technology, thereby requiring sophisticated and systematic data analysis approaches to support effective and evidence-based business decision-making. This study aims to analyze retail sales data by utilizing the Retail Sales Dataset obtained from the Kaggle platform, which consists of 100,000 transaction records and broadly represents the characteristics of retail transactions. The main focus of this study is to classify product categories and predict customer segments, including the identification of high-spending customers (high spenders), based on demographic attributes such as age and gender, as well as various transaction-related features. The research methodology includes data preprocessing, label encoding, and feature engineering to generate additional variables, including Age_Group, Is_Holiday, and Spender_Group, which are expected to enhance the predictive capability of the models. Several machine learning algorithms, namely Decision Tree, Random Forest, and XGBoost, were implemented and evaluated to compare their respective performance. The experimental results indicate that multiclass product category classification achieves relatively low accuracy, ranging from 27% to 34%. These findings suggest the high complexity of retail data and highlight the need for further model optimization, class balancing techniques, and feature refinement to improve predictive performance in future studies.

This study analyzes the strategic role of quality-based marketing models in enhancing the competitiveness of kombucha products, with a specific focus on Rumah SCOBY DBA, produced by the Yayasan Dharma Bintang Akademia. By integrating Total Quality Management (TQM), Quality Assurance (QA), and Quality Control (QC), the research explores how quality-driven frameworks contribute to marketing effectiveness, consumer trust, brand positioning, and sustainable performance in the functional beverage industry. Employing a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) combined with conceptual analysis, the study systematically examined publications from 2015 to 2025 across leading academic databases, focusing on themes of quality management, functional beverage marketing, kombucha production, consumer behavior, and digital strategies. The findings reveal that product quality—characterized by fermentation stability, microbiological safety, and nutritional consistency—serves as the primary driver of consumer purchase intention. Process quality, through standardized SOPs, hygiene protocols, and traceability systems, reinforces credibility, while service quality, including transparent labeling, health education, and digital engagement, strengthens brand trust. Integrating TQM principles into marketing fosters consumer loyalty, differentiates brands in competitive markets, and supports long-term sustainability. This study provides practical guidance for producers, community-based enterprises, and policymakers to adopt quality-driven marketing models, offering a novel conceptual framework tailored to kombucha products and mapping future research directions in functional beverage innovation.

This study aims to conduct a pilot evaluation of employee performance in the Raw Material Warehouse Section at PT. IKPP Serang Mill using a checklist-based performance appraisal model. Performance evaluation is a crucial aspect in ensuring the smooth operation of raw material warehouses, which involve a high level of occupational risk and have a direct impact on the continuity of the production process. The checklist method is applied because it integrates quantitative assessment through scoring results with qualitative evaluation in the form of behavioral feedback. This study employs a qualitative descriptive approach supported by quantitative data obtained from performance assessments of ten employees holding various positions, including forklift operators, checkers, shift administrators, and shift supervisors. The results indicate that employee performance falls within a diverse spectrum, categorized as “performance” and “need to improve,” influenced by compliance with standard operating procedures (SOPs), work discipline, communication, and awareness of occupational health and safety (OHS). The findings also demonstrate that the checklist-based model is effective in identifying performance gaps and serves as a basis for formulating improvement actions such as coaching, OHS training, promotions, and administrative sanctions. This study concludes that the checklist model functions not only as an administrative evaluation tool but also as a strategic instrument for human resource development and sustainable organizational performance improvement.

This research aims to analyze the implementation of the Protection and Rehabilitation Service Program for Juvenile Delinquents in Surabaya City, conducted by the Social Service of East Java Province. Juvenile delinquency remains a significant social problem requiring comprehensive intervention through protection and rehabilitation approaches rather than punitive measures. Drawing on George C. Edward III's policy implementation theory, this study examines four critical factors: communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure. This qualitative research employs a descriptive approach, with data collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation at the Social Service of East Java Province during June-August 2025. Informants include program managers, social workers, psychologists, beneficiaries of the juvenile delinquency program, and their families. The results indicate that the program has successfully served 1,247 juvenile delinquents through integrated services, including psychological counseling, skills training, family therapy, and social reintegration support. The communication dimension shows effective coordination between provincial and city-level agencies, though information dissemination to communities needs improvement. Resource adequacy is generally sufficient with 35 certified social workers, adequate facilities, and an annual budget of Rp 3.2 billion. The disposition of implementers demonstrates a strong commitment to child-centered approaches. Clear SOPs and inter-agency collaboration protocols support the bureaucratic structure. The program achieves 72% successful rehabilitation rate with 68% of beneficiaries returning to formal education or productive activities. Challenges remain in stigma reduction, family involvement, and post-rehabilitation monitoring. This study recommends strengthening community-based prevention, expanding vocational training options, developing peer support networks, and establishing sustainable aftercare mechanisms.

This study aims to review the perspectives of MSME owners in the Gonilan area, particularly regarding part-time workers and their use in improving operational cost efficiency. The Gonilan area is known to have many MSMEs operating in various sectors, making this study relevant for understanding the challenges they face. A qualitative method was chosen so that the researcher could conduct in-depth interviews with three MSME owners. The informants were selected because they employed both full-time and part-time workers. The interview results showed that part-time workers were effective in reducing operational costs, such as more flexible hourly wages, although there were some disadvantages. The main disadvantages of part-time workers included lack of experience and limited working hours, which could be overcome through extra training and clear task distribution so that they could focus and increase productivity. The study concluded that the use of part-time workers has a significant impact on the operational cost efficiency of MSMEs, helping owners navigate the market without excessive financial burdens and encouraging long-term business growth.

This study aims to analyze the development strategy of the Jeanete business, located in Maumere City, Jl.  Kesehatan No.  3, Lorong Masuk SDK Yos Sudarso, using the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) approach.  The research employs a descriptive qualitative method with data collected through observation, interviews, and documentation of the Jeanete business operations.  The results indicate that the main strengths of the business include affordable product prices, unique item variations, and increasing consumer interest in preloved products.  However, Jeanete also faces several weaknesses, such as dependence on supplies from outside the region, limited stock availability, and fluctuating bale prices.  On the other hand, opportunities include the growing trend of thrifting among young consumers and rising demand for environmentally friendly products.  The threats faced by the business involve increasing competition, shifting consumer preferences, and the risk of products not passing quality control.  Based on these findings, the development strategy for Jeanete should focus on improving product quality, strengthening digital promotion, and maintaining more stable supply management.

Beef demand in Indonesia continues to increase, particularly during religious holidays. Bali cattle, one of the main sources of beef, face a serious threat from Jembrana disease, a viral infection that compromises the immune system and causes significant economic losses. This study aimed to determine the correlation between spleen weight, body temperature, and cycle threshold (Ct) values in Bali cattle following Jembrana virus inoculation. A correlational method was applied to eight female Bali cattle injected with Jembrana virus inoculum. Physiological changes in body temperature were monitored, followed by necropsy to assess spleen weight. In addition, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) was performed before and after inoculation to detect viral presence and determine Ct values. Data were analyzed using SPSS with Pearson correlation tests. The results revealed a very strong positive correlation between spleen weight and body temperature, while a very strong negative correlation was observed between spleen weight and Ct values. These findings indicate that Jembrana virus inoculation leads to increased body temperature and splenic enlargement in Bali cattle, accompanied by a decrease in Ct values, reflecting higher viral loads. Therefore, the administration of antipyretics, anti-inflammatory drugs, analgesics, vitamins, and antibiotics prior to vaccination is recommended to reduce the risk of hyperthermia, splenic swelling, decreased Ct values, and secondary infections.

The increasing sophistication of cyber threats has rendered traditional cybersecurity models insufficient in safeguarding enterprise networks. This study introduces a risk aware cybersecurity governance model that integrates real time threat intelligence with predictive anomaly detection to proactively mitigate potential threats. By leveraging advanced machine learning and AI techniques, the model enhances the ability to identify and address cyber threats before they can escalate into significant incidents. The model’s ability to predict anomalies, analyze real time threat intelligence feeds, and provide early warnings allows for faster response times and reduced risk exposure compared to traditional reactive models. Through simulations and real-world use cases, the proposed model demonstrated a 30% reduction in response time and a 25% decrease in overall risk exposure, showing its potential to improve security decision-making and resilience in dynamic threat environments. Unlike traditional models that rely on static rules and periodic policies, the proposed model uses predictive analytics to stay ahead of evolving threats, ensuring continuous monitoring and rapid adaptation. This proactive approach enhances organizational resilience, particularly in handling sophisticated cyber threats such as ransomware, malware, and phishing attacks. Despite its effectiveness, challenges such as data overload, scalability, and the need for interpretability in AI models remain. Future research will focus on refining predictive models, improving scalability for larger networks, and enhancing the explainability of machine learning models to foster greater trust in automated cybersecurity systems. This study contributes to the ongoing evolution of cybersecurity governance by demonstrating the value of integrating predictive and real time monitoring technologies for enhanced threat detection and mitigation.

The rapid proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) devices across diverse industries has significantly increased the vulnerability of IoT edge networks to sophisticated cyber threats. Traditional intrusion detection systems (IDS), such as signature-based and anomaly-based approaches, are often insufficient in addressing the dynamic and evolving nature of these threats. This study proposes a hybrid intrusion detection system (IDS) framework that combines supervised machine learning (ML) techniques with deep reinforcement learning (DRL) to enhance detection performance in real-time, resource-constrained IoT environments. The proposed framework utilizes supervised learning for initial traffic classification and DRL for adaptive decision-making, enabling the system to continuously learn and optimize its detection policies based on new attack patterns. The hybrid approach significantly improves detection accuracy and reduces false positives when compared to conventional signature-based and single-model ML systems. In addition to improved detection capabilities, the framework's computational efficiency allows it to operate effectively within the constraints of IoT devices, ensuring that it is suitable for large-scale deployments. Benchmark evaluations using publicly available datasets, such as NSL-KDD, IoT-23, and BoT-IoT, show that the hybrid IDS framework outperforms traditional methods, providing a more robust and adaptive solution to cybersecurity challenges in IoT edge networks. The findings of this study suggest that combining machine learning with deep reinforcement learning offers a promising approach to secure IoT environments and address the limitations of existing IDS techniques. Future work will explore enhancing real-time adaptability, scalability, and the detection of zero-day attacks in evolving IoT ecosystems.