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Pain in labor is an unpleasant emotional and sensory experience arising from actual or potential tissue damage or demonstrated. Pain is a natural process in labor. If it is not handled properly, it will cause other problems, namely increased anxiety or worry due to lack of knowledge in the mother about the processes that occur when facing labor. This study aims to determine the effect of back massage on reducing the pain scale of labor in the first active phase at UPTD Puskesmas Maga, Mandailing Natal district in 2022. This type of research is a quasi-experimental study with a research approach using a prepost test design with one group test. The population is all pregnant women who are at the UPTD Puskesmas Maga, Mandailing Natal Regency in 2022, totaling 54 mothers in partu. The number of samples used was 54 people obtained by using total sampling technique. The data analysis technique uses the Paired-Samples T Test. The results obtained in this study were from 54 respondents, there was an effect of back massage on a decrease in the active phase of labor pain scale in the first active phase with a value of p = 0.011. There is an Effect of Back Massage on Reducing the Pain Scale of Labor in the Active Phase I. It is recommended for health workers to improve counseling related to reducing the pain of the active phase of labor in the first stage of labor for mothers in labor with back massage

Birth Ball is a birth ball that can be used by mothers in labor in the first stage to a position that can help progress labor. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the Birth Ball on reducing the intensity of labor pain during the first active phase. The type of research used in this study was a quasy experiment. The research was conducted at PMB Karmila, Bantan District. The population in this study were all third trimester pregnant women. The sample in this study were 20 pregnant women using purposive sampling. Data analysis was carried out univariately, bivariately using the T-Dependent statistical test (paired T-Test). The results showed that there was an effect of birth ball on the intensity of labor pain in the first stage. to the community, especially primigravida women who experience labor pain to be able to do birth ball therapy to reduce the level of pain in the first stage of labor.\      

Labor is the process of opening and thinning the cervix, where the fetus is pushed out through the birth canal. Finger Grip Relaxation is a muscle relaxation action that is believed to reduced pain. The purpose of this research was to find out the effect of finger grip relaxation technique on pain reduction in post sectio caesarea patients at the 2nd Grade Hospital of R.W. Monginsidi in Manado.This research was conducted by using a quasi experimental one group pre-test and posttest design. Sampel in this research amounted to 15 respondents using accidental sampling technique. Data collection was done by sharing SOP. Then, the collected data was processed by running the SPSS computer program version 16.0 to be analyzed by a Wilcoxon test with the significance level ? = 0,05.The result showed that there is an effect of finger grip relaxation technique on pain reduction in post sectio caesarea patients.The conclusion of this research is that there is an effect of finger grip relaxation technique on pain reduction in post sectio caesarea patients at the 2nd Grade Hospital of R.W. Monginsidi in Manado. It is suggested to update information about the effect of finger grip relaxation technique on pain reduction in post sectio caesarea patients.

Management of labor pain is an attempt to reduce MMR. Labor pain must be treated in an effective way because if the pain is accompanied by a stress reaction, it will have harmful side effects for the mother and also the fetus. The midwife at the Ngesrep Health Center has never used birth balls as an intervention to treat inpartu mothers. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of using a birth ball on reducing labor pain in the active phase of the 1st stage. This type of research is a quasi-experimental design with one group pretest posttest design. The population in this study were all mothers with an estimated day of birth in July to August 2022 who will give birth at the Ngesrep Health Center Semarang. The sampling technique was purposive sampling and the number of samples was 31 people. Data collection tools used in this study include Standard Operating Procedures (SOP), Birth Ball Techniques, Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), Observation Sheets and birth balls with a diameter of 55 cm or 65 cm. Data analysis was carried out using the paired sample t test. The results of the study obtained a t value of 9.613 which means that every 1 time birth ball intervention with 4 movements for 30 minutes makes the primigravida have the potential to be 9.613 times to be able to reduce labor pain in the active phase of the 1st stage. The p-value is 0.000 <0.05, so the hypothesis (H0) is rejected and (Ha) is accepted, so it can be concluded that there is an effect of using birth balls on reducing labor pain in the active phase of the 1st stage of labor in primigravida at Ngesrep Health Center Semarang. For health services, it is expected that the use of birth balls can be used as an alternative to reduce labor pain in the active phase of the 1st stage of primigravida.

Pain in labor is a physiological process.contractions are used to divert women from pain during contractions, Yoga is a movement that is relatively safe and is performed on pregnant women, very useful for dealing with shortness of breath, back pain. Hypnobirthingdeep relaxation, through slow and deep breathing patterns so that the body automatically releases endorphins which are natural morphines in the body which are useful for reducing and even eliminating pain during contractionscan also increase the formation of endorphins DestinationIncrease the knowledge of midwives about effluerage massage and Hypnobirthing in pregnant women. The process of giving birth becomes very pleasant, smooth and fast with trainingeffluerage massageand hypnobirthing on imom is pregnant so that mothers enjoy a safe, gentle, smooth and comfortable delivery process through pregnant women classes in Silian Satu village, K1 and K4 in pregnant women will be achieved. After being evaluated from 10 pregnant women, there were 7 pregnant women who felt comfortable after doing effluerage massage followed by Hypnobirthing.

Back pain during pregnancy peaks at week 24 to week 28, when abdominal enlargement reaches its maximum. Pregnancy and childbirth are natural processes that can cause pain. However, many women feel the pain more severely than they should because they are affected by panic and stress. This is known as the fear-tension-pain concept, where fear triggers tension or panic which causes muscles to stiffen and ultimately increases pain. Overcoming this discomfort requires non-conventional therapy, one of which is pregnant gymnastics. Based on this, the community service team conducted the implementation of pregnant exercises for third-trimester pregnant women with the aim that pregnant women can do pregnant exercises independently at home and reduce complaints of back pain they experience. This training method is carried out using lectures and demonstrations of pregnant exercises. Implementation was carried out 1x / once a week for 1 month at Puskesmas Lembang Lego Village, Lembang Kec. Lembang, Polman Regency in January 2021 which 20 pregnant women attended. The care method used is qualitative with case research (CSR) by collecting pre- test and post-test data with pain scale observation using Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) measurement. Physical training of pregnant women to prepare for their labor through pregnancy exercises is considered effective as a preventive measure for pregnant women in preparing for their labor. It can reduce the intensity of back pain in Trimester III pregnancy.

Protracted labor is correlated with an increase in maternal and fetal motility, an increase in abnormalities in the physiology of labor, and an escalation in the rate of caesarean section delivery. In women with prolonged labor, there is an increased risk of death due to atonic uterus, birth canal lacerations, infection, fatigue, and shock, however in infants, prolonged labor is not associated with an increase in infant mortality, decreased APGAR score, trauma, and infection. With adequate physical and psychological preparation, the impact of prolonged labor can be reduced. The (PRE) is a bodywork involving waist and hip rotations. This research employs Systeematic Literature Reviews (SLR), a synthesis of systematic, clear, and comprehensive literature studies, by identifying, analyzing, and evaluating existing data using explicit research methods and incorporating critical review procedures into the selection study. The data consists of 6 national journals and 1 international publication indexed by Shiinta Indonesia and Scopus with Q2standard Results in 7 journals utilizing observation sheets and parttographs for data collection instruments. In one of the seven journals reviewed, the Pellvic Rocking Exercise technique was applied at TM 3 gestational age, between 34 and 35 weeks. When the laboring mother enters the first stage of the active phase, another publication employs the Pelvic Rocking Exercise technique. Conclusion: Pelvic Roccking Exercise is effective in shortening the active phase till the full opening of the cervix in primiparous moms. Pelvic rocking using a birth ball helps the baby to rotate into the optimal position and shortens the first stage of labor, therefore reducing labor pain and providing comfort to the mother. It is anticipated that health care workers will become facilitators for expectant mothers and provide physical support for the profession.

The MDG`s national target is to reduce the maternal mortality rate by three quarters from the maternal mortality rate in 1990 of 405 per 100,000 live births to 102 per 100,000 live births in 2015. World Health Organization (WHO) Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) in the world that is, 289,000 people, and estimates that 800 women die each day due to complications of pregnancy and childbirth. Approximately 99% of all maternal deaths occur in developing countries, about 80% of maternal deaths are the result of increased complications during pregnancy, childbirth and after delivery. The Health Profile of North Sumatra Province in 2016 states that the coverage of deliveries assisted by health workers shows an increasing trend, namely from 86.73% in 2010 to 90.05% in 2016, even the achievement in 2016 was the highest achievement in terms of delivery assistance by health worker in 7 years Effleurage technique is a massage technique using the palms of the hands in a circular motion pattern on the lower part of the waist. Massase effleurage technique can reduce labor pain during the first stage of the active phase if it is done correctly, which is done every time there is a contraction and done for about 20 minutes. The general objective of this study was to provide midwifery care for the first stage of labor to Mrs. A with the Effleurage Massage Relaxation Technique at the Pratama Marko clinic using Helen Varney's 7 steps midwifery management. In making this report the authors use descriptive methods with a case study model. The results showed that the respondent Ny. A 28 years old during the first stage of labor with massage relaxation technique at effleurage at the Pratama Clinic, Jl. Floodgate IV kec. Medan Johor.    

ABSTRACTBackground: Childbirth is a physiological thing where there is a series of processes that end with the release of the conception by the mother. The labor process is identical with the pain that will be experienced. All women who give birth will experience pain during labor and statistically, labor pain cannot be tolerated by two out of three mothers. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Pranayama Yoga on First Stage Childbirth Pain. Methods: Pre-experimental research design with one group pretest posttest design. This research will be carried out for first-time active mothers in Midwife Independent Practice in November-December 2018. The sample that will be used in this study are all first-phase active mothers in Midwife Independent Practice in November-December 2018. Results: The results of this study are partly Most respondents experienced severe pain before being given Yoga Pranayama as many as 27 people (90%), and most respondents experienced moderate pain after being given yoga pranayama as many as 16 people (53.3%). The results of this study found that there was an influence of Pranayama Yoga on Active Stage I Stage Pain Pain with a value of p 0.00, indicating there was an influence of Pranayama Yoga on Phase I Active Stage Pain in Midwife Independent Practice with a value of 0.00 <0.05. Conclusion: There is a significant effect of Yoga Pranayama on the Pain of the Active Phase I Labor. Keywords: Yoga pranayama; Childbirth pain; First stage of active phase ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Persalinan merupakan hal yang fisiologis dimana terjadi rangkaian proses yang berakhir dengan pengeluaran hasil konsepsi oleh ibu. Proses persalinan identik dengan rasa nyeri yang akan dijalani. Seluruh wanita yang melahirkan akan mengalami nyeri selama proses persalinan dan secara statistik rasa nyeri persalinan tidak dapat ditoleransi oleh dua dari tiga orang ibu bersalin. Tujuan: Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Yoga Pranayama terhadap Nyeri Persalinan Kala I. Metode: Desain penelitian praeksperimental dengan one group pretest posttest design. Penelitian ini akan dilaksanakan pada Ibu bersalin kala I Fase Aktif di Praktik Mandiri Bidan (PMB) pada bulan November-Desember 2019. Sampel yang akan digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah semua Ibu bersalin kala I Fase Aktif di PMB pada bulan November-Desember 2019. Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini sebagian besar responden mengalami nyeri berats ebelum diberikan Yoga Pranayama yaitu sebanyak 27 orang (90%), dan sebagian besar responden mengalami mengalami nyeri sedang setelah diberikan yoga pranayama sebanyak 16 orang (53,3%). Hasil penelitian ini mendapatkan hasil bahwa terdapat pengaruh Yoga Pranayama terhadap Nyeri Persalinan Kala I Fase Aktif dengan nilai p 0,00, menunjukan ada pengaruh Yoga Pranayama terhadap Nyeri Persalinan Kala I Fase Aktif di PMB denganp value 0.00 < 0.05. Simpulan: Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan Yoga Pranayama terhadap Nyeri Persalinan Kala I Fase Aktif. Kata Kunci: Yoga pranayama; Nyeri persalinan; Kala I fase aktif

Background: Childbirth is a physiological thing where there is a series of processes that end with the release of the conception by the mother. The labor process is identical with the pain that will be experienced. All women who give birth will experience pain during labor and statistically, labor pain cannot be tolerated by two out of three mothers. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Pranayama Yoga on First Stage Childbirth Pain. Methods: Pre-experimental research design with one group pretest posttest design. This research will be carried out for first-time active mothers in Midwife Independent Practice in November-December 2018. The sample that will be used in this study are all first-phase active mothers in Midwife Independent Practice in November-December 2018. Results: The results of this study are partly Most respondents experienced severe pain before being given Yoga Pranayama as many as 27 people (90%), and most respondents experienced moderate pain after being given yoga pranayama as many as 16 people (53.3%). The results of this study found that there was an influence of Pranayama Yoga on Active Stage I Stage Pain Pain with a value of p 0.00, indicating there was an influence of Pranayama Yoga on Phase I Active Stage Pain in Midwife Independent Practice with a value of 0.00 <0.05. Conclusion: There is a significant effect of Yoga Pranayama on the Pain of the Active Phase I Labor. ABSTRAK Latar Belakang: Persalinan merupakan hal yang fisiologis dimana terjadi rangkaian proses yang berakhir dengan pengeluaran hasil konsepsi oleh ibu. Proses persalinan identik dengan rasa nyeri yang akan dijalani. Seluruh wanita yang melahirkan akan mengalami nyeri selama proses persalinan dan secara statistik rasa nyeri persalinan tidak dapat ditoleransi oleh dua dari tiga orang ibu bersalin. Tujuan: Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Yoga Pranayama terhadap Nyeri Persalinan Kala I. Metode: Desain penelitian praeksperimental dengan one group pretest posttest design. Penelitian ini akan dilaksanakan pada Ibu bersalin kala I Fase Aktif di Praktik Mandiri Bidan (PMB) pada bulan  November-Desember 2019. Sampel yang akan digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah semua Ibu bersalin kala I Fase Aktif di PMB pada bulan  November-Desember 2019. Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini sebagian besar responden mengalami nyeri berats ebelum diberikan Yoga Pranayama yaitu sebanyak 27 orang (90%), dan sebagian besar responden mengalami mengalami nyeri sedang setelah diberikan yoga pranayama sebanyak 16 orang (53,3%). Hasil penelitian ini mendapatkan hasil bahwa terdapat pengaruh Yoga Pranayama terhadap Nyeri Persalinan Kala I Fase Aktif dengan nilai p 0,00, menunjukan ada pengaruh Yoga Pranayama terhadap Nyeri Persalinan Kala I Fase Aktif di PMB denganp value 0.00 < 0.05. Simpulan: Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan Yoga Pranayama terhadap Nyeri Persalinan Kala I Fase Aktif.